Upper Nyabarongo Catchment Rehabilitation Plan

2016

UPPER NYABARONGO CATCHMENT REHABILITATION PLAN

IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY (VERSION 1) Contents List of Figures ...... 2 List of Tables ...... 2 1. Background ...... 3 2. Rational of the document ...... 3 3. Issues identified ...... 3 4. Rehabilitation plan development methodology ...... 3 5. Intervention measures and implementation strategy ...... 4 5.1. Huye District ...... 6 5.2. Karongi District ...... 9 5.3. Muhanga District ...... 14 5.4. Ngororero District ...... 17 5.5. Nyamagabe District ...... 22 5.6. Nyanza District ...... 26 5.7. Nyaruguru District ...... 28 5.8. Ruhango District ...... 30 5.9. Rutsiro District ...... 33 6. Budget and financial framework ...... 34 6.1. Budget Framework ...... 34 6.2. Financial Framework ...... 35 7. Implementation framework ...... 37 7.1. Stakeholders responsibilities ...... 39

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List of Figures Figure 1: Conceptual framework...... 4 Figure 2: Huye District Interventions...... 6 Figure 3: Karongi District Interventions...... 9 Figure 4: Muhanga District Interventions...... 14 Figure 5: Ngororero District Interventions...... 17 Figure 6: Nyamagabe District Interventions...... 22 Figure 7: Nyanza District Interventions...... 26 Figure 8: Nyaruguru District Interventions...... 28 Figure 9: Ruhango District Interventions...... 30 Figure 10: Rutsiro District Interventions...... 33 Figure 11: Diagram of the rehabilitation plan governance implementation framework...... 38

List of Tables Table 1: Classification of interventions measures per implementation term...... 5 Table 2: Huye District technical implementation matrix...... 8 Table 3: Karongi District technical implementation matrix...... 13 Table 4: Muhanga District technical implementation matrix...... 16 Table 5: Ngororero District technical implementation matrix...... 21 Table 6: Nyamagabe District technical implementation matrix...... 26 Table 7: Nyanza District technical implementation matrix...... 27 Table 8: Nyaruguru District technical implementation matrix...... 29 Table 9: Ruhango District technical implementation matrix...... 32 Table 10: Rutsiro District technical implementation matrix...... 33 Table 11: Budget distribution matrix in Rwandan Francs currency...... 34 Table 12: Climate Funding Overview...... 37 Table 13: Climate Funding Overview Legend...... 37

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1. Background Following the Nyabarongo I hydropower plant official inauguration by H.E on March 5th, 2015 in the District of Muhanga, a recommendation was made to manage its upstream area in order to protect the reservoir of the hydropower plant from heavy siltation downstream. In this connection, a distribution of tasks among Governmental Institutions was made and the MINIRENA through the RNRA had the task to develop a rehabilitation plan in order to facilitate the protection of the Nyabarongo Upstream Catchment. A series of technical meetings at ministry and District levels took place during the process of developing the rehabilitation plan based on all the issues contributing to erosion identified and involving all the major stakeholders. From the recommendations of the stakeholders, incorporation in the rehabilitation plan of the ongoing activities and projects in the Nyabarongo Upstream catchment was done. A field validation of the rehabilitation plan was conducted with the concerned Districts and sectors officials in order to improve and finalize the rehabilitation plan. A governance framework and budget was also develop for the finalized rehabilitation plan. This plan is detailed in the document tilted: “Upstream Nyabarongo Catchment Rehabilitation Plan” of January 2016.

2. Rational of the document This document was develop in continuation to the existing rehabilitation plan of the Upstream Nyabarongo Catchment. An implementation strategy of the proposed intervention measures is provided in this document with proposals for financial schemes that can serve for fundraising and implementation of activities. 3. Issues identified The overall impact of soil degradation observed in the Upstream Nyabarongo catchment was the severe siltation in the Nyabarongo River. Generally, all over the catchment the observation indicated that the main reason behind the severe Nyabarongo siltation were related to the primary forest cover being replaced with agriculture under poor practice, together with unregulated highly destructive mining practices. The high sediment loads in rivers pose grave challenges to water supply, the operation of hydroelectric reservoirs and degrade aquatic ecosystems. 4. Rehabilitation plan development methodology A number of steps were applied to develop a rehabilitation plan for the Upstream Nyabarongo catchment that can be strategically implemented. The following is summarized in the conceptual framework that constituted the methodological basis of the Upstream Nyabarongo catchment Rehabilitation Plan development.

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Figure 1: Conceptual framework. 5. Intervention measures and implementation strategy The intervention measures developed in the rehabilitation plan were spatially scaled on hydrologic entities in this case sub catchments. However, for implementation purpose, these were lumped into administrative entities in this case Districts, to facilitate the implementation at District level. To facilitate the implementation of the interventions, these were clustered into different level of intervention (short term, medium and long term) in combination with the priority levels of the cells (obtained from the sediment fingerprinting study) within the District concerned parts. The following combination resulted in an implementation strategy of the existing Upstream Nyabarongo Rehabilitation Plan in a sequential format. In parallel to the rest of the interventions, specific to the case of mining activities, the concept of model mining was incorporated in the strategy as a special standalone intervention that is not classified and should be implemented all the way and continuously adopted as a business as usual practice in the mining sector. The following tables provides the basis of the implementation strategy development based on the combination stated above.

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Implementation terms Type of Interventions measures Short term: these are 1. Afforestation (forest plantation that can be harvested), direct action that can be 2. Local communities mindset change and training on implemented in forest harvesting and management, collaboration with the 3. Agroforestry/cutoff drains, local communities 4. Buffer zones (grass, shrub, trees around the reservoir without heavy as well as bamboos on the main rivers). investments. Medium term: these 1. Continuation of interventions started in the short term are direct actions that (for areas not covered yet), can be implemented 2. Agroforestry/progressive terraces/horizontal trenches, generally in 3. Sediment removal from the reservoir using an collaboration with the appropriate technology to be defined, local communities 4. Local community training and capacity development without heavy toward business development (focusing on forest investment but requires harvesting, bamboo handcrafting, agribusiness, technical support from construction material supply from the excavated the government to sediment, etc.) to ensure the sustainability of ensure their proper interventions. implementation. Long term: these are 1. Continuation of the interventions started in the direct actions that need previous terms if not completed, advanced expertize and 2. Afforestation (Natural forest which cannot be requires heavy harvested), investment from the 3. Expropriation of all the private land that need natural government. forest coverage on it (to facilitate the management and protection of the natural restored forest by the government), 4. Agroforestry/radical terraces/gully treatment, 5. Construction of sediment traps technologies upstream the reservoir plus development of mechanism to remove periodically the retained sediments. Table 1: Classification of interventions measures per implementation term. The spatial location that constituted the basis for the sequential phasing of the implementation of the intervention measures, classified by implementation terms, was be based on the prioritization of the cells as obtained from the fingerprinting results. The following section provides a distributive illustration of the intervention measures per Cell per District, in phases and implementation terms, which can be considered as the technical side of the implementation strategy.

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5.1. Huye District

Figure 2: Huye District Interventions.

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Medium term Short term measures Long term measures (area Location measures (area (area ha) ha) ha) Implementation Main Agroforestry/pr Agroforestry/r phase Agroforestry/ river ogressive adical Natural Sector Cell cutoff drains buffer terraces/horizo terraces/gully forests zones ntal trenches treatment Rwaniro Mwendo 101 0 185 640 38 Kigoma Karambi 26 9 37 174 145 Buremera 9 0 41 236 55 Kabuye 19 1 89 397 122 Maraba Shanga 76 1 174 549 96 Phase 1 Shyembe 62 1 93 441 74 Simbi Kabusanza 188 0 289 429 28 Rusagara 56 0 158 218 22 Mbazi Mutunda 38 0 172 258 7 Ruhashya Karama 23 1 140 124 7 Gisakura 54 0 235 294 11 Simbi Mugobore 61 4 198 938 108 Nyangazi 136 6 144 558 29 Buhimba 59 1 206 301 2 Rusatira Kimirehe 9 1 8 19 0 Kiruhura 141 0 151 202 11 Busheshi 35 0 177 311 21 Gatovu 23 0 178 293 13 Mara 181 0 119 250 3 Ruhashya Muhororo 24 1 101 85 5 Rugogwe 19 0 181 205 10 Ruhashya 110 0 182 254 5 Phase 3 Mwulire 0 0 10 5 1 Mbazi Rugango 36 1 79 150 6 Tare 22 1 102 261 18 Gasumba 38 4 69 238 45 Maraba Kanyinya 10 0 62 279 60 Gahana 85 0 214 283 8 Kinazi Sazange 138 0 385 714 20 Gishihe 68 3 67 342 59 Kabatwa 139 4 89 372 23 Kabuga 3 0 64 212 135 Kigoma Musebeya 48 0 34 163 5 Nyabisindu 52 0 105 284 5 Rugarama 128 3 85 398 16

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Shanga 13 0 107 195 64 Kibiraro 32 3 70 260 30 Shyunga 193 0 67 379 9 Gatwaro 122 5 83 271 6 Rwaniro Nyamabuye 51 2 164 374 17 Nyaruhombo 124 4 144 586 37 Kamwambi 95 0 82 450 9 Huye Sovu 6 0 5 23 5 Table 2: Huye District technical implementation matrix.

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5.2. Karongi District

Figure 3: Karongi District Interventions.

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Medium term measures Location Short term measures (area ha) Long term measures (area ha) (area ha) Implementation Main river Agroforestry/progressive Agroforestry/radical phase Agroforestry/cutoff Natural Sector Cell buffer Grass Shrub Tree terraces/horizontal terraces/gully drains forests zones belt belt belt trenches treatment Phase 1 Rwankuba Munini 1 0 0 0 0 48 348 546 Rugabano Rufungo 0 0 0 0 0 12 86 149 Phase 2 Mutuntu Kinyonzwe 30 0 0 0 0 46 217 298 Birambo 0 0 0 0 0 70 439 299 Musasa 3 0 0 0 0 118 442 443 Rugobagoba 8 0 0 0 0 54 366 246 Tongati 6 0 0 0 0 14 96 51 Gashari Birambo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mwendo 76 8 0 0 0 62 403 369 Rugobagoba 0 0 0 0 0 74 346 279 Tongati 9 0 0 0 0 47 150 179 Rwariro 0 1 0 0 0 15 102 116 Gitesi Nyamiringa 0 0 0 0 0 4 20 13 Rwariro 0 0 0 0 0 23 70 78 Mubuga 14 2 0 0 0 117 556 777 Phase 3 Muhororo 49 0 0 0 0 102 406 237 Nkoto 39 0 0 0 0 80 245 79 Nyarunyinya 53 0 0 0 0 101 288 87 Murambi Shyembe 71 11 0 0 0 65 459 311 Muhororo 0 0 0 0 0 2 5 5 Nkoto 2 0 0 0 0 18 105 136 Nyarunyinya 0 1 0 0 0 0 18 16 Bukiro 34 0 0 0 0 47 488 164 Kabaya 34 8 3 5 3 69 332 320 Murundi Kamina 47 5 2 2 5 87 415 247 Kareba 3 0 0 0 0 65 308 259 Nyamushishi 4 0 0 0 0 110 387 434

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Nzaratsi 18 0 0 0 0 91 599 379 Byogo 2 0 0 0 0 99 325 358 Gasharu 7 5 0 0 0 39 229 304 Gisayura 3 13 0 0 0 31 218 395 Mutuntu Kanyege 0 3 0 0 0 39 240 404 Murengezo 2 0 0 0 0 53 271 280 Rwufi 0 2 0 0 0 21 232 334 Gisiza 2 0 0 0 0 52 213 254 Gitovu 0 0 0 0 0 21 142 282 Rugabano Rufungo 9 0 0 0 0 48 193 280 Rwungo 0 0 0 0 0 46 268 318 Tyazo 11 0 0 0 0 20 156 108 Biguhu 1 0 0 0 0 49 242 257 Kabingo 36 0 0 0 0 22 181 166 Kinyovu 5 0 0 0 0 34 217 269 Ruganda Kivumu 27 7 0 0 0 38 230 174 Nyabikeri 1 0 0 0 0 52 269 234 Nyamugwagwa 0 0 0 0 0 60 225 349 Rubona 5 3 0 0 0 33 219 224 Bigugu 1 0 0 0 0 25 169 134 Bisesero 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gasata 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 Rwankuba Nyakamira 2 0 0 0 0 35 231 369 Rubazo 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Rubumba 1 0 0 0 0 16 98 200 Bihumbe 0 2 0 0 0 95 348 366 Gakuta 34 6 0 0 0 160 457 416 Gisovu 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 Twumba Gitabura 0 0 0 0 0 2 4 0 Kavumu 0 3 0 0 0 29 198 317 Murehe 0 4 0 0 0 13 108 210

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Rutabi 0 0 0 0 0 25 139 285 Table 3: Karongi District technical implementation matrix.

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5.3. Muhanga District

Figure 4: Muhanga District Interventions.

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Medium term measures Long term measures Location Short term measures (area ha) (area ha) (area ha) Implementation Agroforestry/ Main river Agroforestry/progressive phase Agroforestry/ Forest radical Natural Sector Cell buffer terraces/horizontal cutoff drains plantation Grass Shrub Tree terraces/gully forests zones trenches belt belt belt treatment Gahogo 103 0 0 0 0 0 232 152 5 Nyamabuye Gifumba 24 0 0 0 0 0 253 207 12 Gitarama 4 0 0 0 0 0 7 3 1 Muhanga Kanyinya 10 0 0 0 0 0 68 440 172 Kinini 46 0 0 0 0 0 197 71 3 Phase 1 Shyogwe Mbare 21 0 0 0 0 0 72 20 0 Ruli 57 0 0 0 0 0 307 103 0 Mushishiro Nyagasozi 40 0 0 0 0 0 31 354 86 Nyamirama 8 0 0 0 0 0 69 296 237 Muhanga Remera 3 0 0 0 0 0 42 96 59 Kanyinya 0 0 0 0 0 0 38 60 16 Muhanga Nganzo 8 0 0 0 0 0 10 93 133 Tyazo 0 0 1 0 0 0 131 333 153 Phase 2 Mushishiro Nyagasozi 13 0 0 0 0 0 107 640 73 Gifumba 2 0 0 0 0 0 24 176 15 Nyamabuye Remera 5 0 0 0 0 0 59 53 1 Nyarusange Ngaru 94 0 11 7 10 9 50 140 75 Gisharu 79 164 0 0 0 0 31 649 128 Gitega 195 266 0 0 0 0 53 162 144 Jurwe 79 182 0 0 0 0 45 179 110 Kibangu Mubuga 26 183 0 0 0 0 145 283 165 Phase 3 Rubyiniro 100 91 0 0 0 0 72 194 167 Ryakanimba 46 116 0 0 0 0 76 212 170 Kiyumba Remera 21 0 0 0 0 0 51 269 47 Muhororo Mubuga 14 0 0 0 0 0 11 44 96

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Matyazo 28 0 17 2 9 7 0 322 113 Matyazo 18 0 0 0 0 0 1 174 42 Munazi 53 0 0 0 0 0 48 559 79 Rukaragata 60 0 0 0 0 0 55 251 178 Mushishiro Rwasare 8 0 0 1 1 1 42 176 170 Rwasare 29 0 17 10 6 11 28 165 55 Rwigerero 31 0 0 0 1 0 123 37 0 Rwigerero 48 0 0 0 0 0 26 151 176 Gashorera 67 219 0 0 0 0 51 516 89 Masangano 32 87 0 0 0 0 140 1106 225 Nyabinoni Mbuga 26 253 0 0 0 0 16 75 9 Nyarusozi 45 218 0 0 0 0 24 433 207 Mbiriri 48 0 0 1 2 1 30 144 214 Mbiriri 10 0 3 1 0 3 22 173 37 Nyarusange Musongati 129 0 14 12 15 14 77 108 38 Ngaru 23 0 0 0 0 0 32 122 304 Rusovu 31 0 0 0 0 0 1 576 55 Rongi Ruhango 22 243 0 0 0 0 151 685 352 Gasave 46 0 0 0 0 0 13 97 47 Kanyana 80 224 0 0 0 0 25 334 49 Rugendabari Kibaga 51 53 0 0 0 0 2 248 25 Mpinga 25 56 0 0 0 0 15 332 30 Nsanga 24 0 1 0 0 0 45 131 71 Table 4: Muhanga District technical implementation matrix.

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5.4. Ngororero District

Figure 5: Ngororero District Interventions.

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Bugarura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gasiza 9 34 0 0 0 0 1 26 52 Muhanda Mashya 15 51 0 0 0 0 12 29 54 Nganzo 23 177 0 0 0 0 13 93 190 Ngoma 21 201 0 0 0 0 17 71 188 Rutagara 3 10 0 0 0 0 1 9 7 Muhororo Sanza 7 8 0 0 0 0 5 17 5 Mukura Mwendo 34 325 0 0 0 0 48 152 162 Bijyojyo 14 0 0 0 0 2 27 337 130 Ndaro Bitabage 29 0 0 0 0 0 33 434 125

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Kibanda 5 1 0 0 0 0 52 404 850 Nsibo 32 0 0 0 0 0 140 526 251 Nyange Vuganyana 26 0 0 0 0 0 101 470 467 Birembo 12 62 0 0 0 0 18 49 51 Kagano 5 30 0 0 0 0 4 8 14 Sovu Kanyana 51 341 0 0 0 0 42 164 135 Musenyi 48 224 0 0 0 0 28 182 171 Rutovu 51 346 0 0 0 0 48 151 211 Bwira Gashubi 117 391 0 0 0 0 82 335 170 Gatega 32 75 0 0 0 0 26 115 17 Hindiro Rugendabari 49 115 0 0 0 0 39 142 61 Runyinya 14 110 0 0 0 0 11 98 81 Phase 2 Kageyo Rwamamara 50 145 0 0 0 0 71 176 42 Ngororero Kazabe 12 30 0 0 0 0 11 25 6 Bambiro 13 0 0 0 0 0 74 173 114 Nyange Gaseke 1 0 0 0 0 0 44 81 31 Kabarondo 57 171 0 0 0 0 51 145 54 Bwira Ruhindage 3 22 0 0 0 0 0 8 10 Cyome 117 68 15 0 0 0 52 341 134 Gatsibo 34 0 26 0 0 0 40 380 241 Kamasiga 76 148 0 0 0 0 48 198 50 Karambo 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 156 229 Gatumba Karambo 52 64 0 0 0 0 40 134 18 Phase 3 Ruhanga 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 58 188 Ruhanga 39 45 3 0 0 0 28 146 108 Rusumo 34 38 0 0 0 0 20 65 15 Hindiro Gatare 68 117 0 0 0 0 48 149 42 Kabaya Gaseke 19 0 0 6 3 20 99 401 291 Kageshi 59 342 0 0 0 0 45 199 259 Kageyo Kirwa 39 205 0 0 0 0 27 147 173 Mukore 35 304 0 0 0 0 46 151 165

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Musagara 34 194 0 0 0 0 44 144 71 Nyamata 27 174 0 0 0 0 24 122 69 Gitwa 18 144 0 0 0 0 14 138 108 Kavumu Murinzi 15 192 0 0 0 0 32 152 144 Nyamugeyo 15 153 0 0 0 0 27 90 157 Matare 51 143 0 0 0 0 25 148 128 Matyazo Matare 38 56 0 0 0 0 6 53 31 Rwamiko 59 220 0 0 0 0 45 245 99 Bweramana 31 150 0 0 0 0 85 144 30 Mubuga 104 242 0 0 0 0 67 213 63 Myiha 17 25 0 0 0 0 9 22 3 Muhororo Myiha 30 88 0 0 0 0 29 102 23 Rugogwe 76 113 0 0 0 0 58 142 31 Rusororo 83 187 0 0 0 0 74 264 72 Sanza 56 153 0 0 0 0 55 147 84 Bijyojyo 3 0 0 4 0 15 12 274 259 Kabageshi 3 0 0 0 0 0 16 146 278 Ndaro Kibanda 48 106 0 0 0 0 44 85 40 Kinyovi 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 137 278 Kaseke 93 144 0 0 0 0 50 206 84 Kaseke 81 129 0 0 0 0 47 125 39 Kazabe 78 146 0 0 0 0 36 161 60 Mugano 38 92 0 0 0 0 51 91 27 Mugano 130 143 0 0 0 0 109 251 37 Ngororero Nyange 143 153 0 0 0 0 119 251 25 Rususa 72 124 0 0 0 0 49 188 34 Rususa 5 4 0 0 0 0 7 23 4 Torero 7 24 0 0 3 0 5 16 2 Torero 119 194 0 0 0 0 68 291 57 Bambiro 3 0 0 13 0 28 21 184 218 Nyange Gaseke 18 119 0 0 0 0 12 52 61

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Nsibo 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 116 152 Sovu Nyabipfura 6 16 0 0 0 0 2 15 7 Table 5: Ngororero District technical implementation matrix.

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5.5. Nyamagabe District

Figure 6: Nyamagabe District Interventions.

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Short term measures Medium term measures Long term measures Location (area ha) (area ha) (area ha) Implement Main Agroforestry Agroforestry/progressive ation phase Agroforestry/ river /radical Natural Sector Cell terraces/horizontal cutoff drains buffer terraces/gull forests trenches zones y treatment Cyanika Gitega 33 0 36 106 183 Cyanika Gitega 0 0 31 161 160 Gasaka Nzega 0 0 16 48 15 Gasaka Nzega 0 0 37 137 63 Gasaka Remera 0 0 5 31 22 Kaduha Kavumu 25 0 19 151 217 Kaduha Murambi 62 0 50 322 897 Kaduha Nyabisindu 0 0 13 77 79 Kamegeri Nyarusiza 2 0 0 0 1 Kamegeri Rususa 6 0 0 0 0 Kibumbwe Gakanka 0 0 6 29 27 Kibumbwe Nyakiza 0 0 48 201 184 Phase 1 Mbazi Ngambi 17 0 32 265 53 Mbazi Ngara 2 0 0 0 0 Mbazi Ngara 0 0 2 1 0 Mugano Gitondorero 12 0 35 152 152 Mugano Gitwa 44 1 0 2 0 Mugano Gitwa 51 0 0 0 0 Mugano Ruhinga 7 0 37 447 169 Mugano Suti 48 1 80 254 306 Mugano Yonde 1 1 31 111 127 Musange Gasave 3 0 2 1 2 Musange Jenda 90 8 65 374 226 Musange Nyagisozi 41 4 49 248 666 Buruhukiro Bushigishigi 1 5 4 21 17 Buruhukiro Byimana 0 0 0 0 0 Buruhukiro Gifurwe 4 0 5 30 29 Buruhukiro Kizimyamuriro 0 10 23 57 22 Buruhukiro Munini 2 0 144 345 47 Buruhukiro Rambya 1 0 26 168 135 Bweyeye 3 1 18 31 11

Phase 2 Cyanika Karama 38 0 43 325 54 Cyanika Nyanza 0 0 28 133 145 Gasaka Kigeme 1 0 21 367 122 Gasaka Ngiryi 3 0 63 599 72 Gasaka Nyamugari 0 0 7 41 34 Gatare Gatare 0 0 36 483 92 Gatare Shyeru 3 0 17 106 110 Kaduha Nyamiyaga 0 0 68 596 78

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Kaduha Nyamiyaga 0 0 24 207 122 Kibirizi Bugarama 0 0 4 32 25 Kibirizi Bugarura 0 0 38 135 101 Kibirizi Gashiha 0 0 1 74 10 Kibirizi Karambo 0 0 0 1 0 Kibirizi Ruhunga 0 0 28 120 116 Kibirizi Uwindekezi 21 0 14 110 32 Kibumbwe Bwenda 0 0 82 545 120 Kibumbwe Kibibi 0 0 0 0 0 Kitabi Kagano 0 0 38 121 53 Kitabi Mujuga 0 0 17 52 15 Kitabi Mukungu 2 1 23 157 97 Mbazi Manwari 32 3 54 279 237 Mbazi Mutiwingoma 3 2 68 391 471 Mbazi Ngambi 0 0 49 455 57 Mugano Suti 12 0 20 155 23 Musebeya Gatovu 0 0 46 384 127 Musebeya Nyarurambi 2 0 20 124 112 Musebeya Runege 0 0 90 274 128 Musebeya Rusekera 5 0 0 19 9 Musebeya Sekera 1 0 39 480 52 Musebeya Sekera 0 0 16 181 433 Musebeya Sekera 1 3 70 431 759 Nkomane 0 0 16 62 85

Tare Gasarenda 3 0 29 345 197 Tare Gatovu 3 0 36 147 123 Tare Kaganza 1 0 91 305 186 Tare Nkumbure 0 3 69 422 64 Tare Nyamigina 0 0 7 84 13 Uwinkingi Bigumira 0 0 44 215 128 Uwinkingi Gahira 6 2 51 435 308 Uwinkingi Kibyagira 3 0 27 304 52 Uwinkingi Mudasomwa 4 0 80 204 67 Uwinkingi Munyege 9 0 62 216 17 Uwinkingi Rugogwe 1 0 26 147 124 Buruhukiro Byimana 1 1 58 394 78 Buruhukiro Gifurwe 0 0 28 181 57 Buruhukiro Munini 2 5 4 9 2 Buruhukiro Rambya 0 0 56 175 178 Phase 3 Cyanika Karama 0 0 20 64 33 Cyanika Kiyumba 5 0 0 1 0 Cyanika Ngoma 23 0 55 325 241 Cyanika Nyanza 0 0 40 182 353

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Cyanika Nyanzoga 7 0 1 2 0 Gasaka Kigeme 0 0 1 5 10 Gasaka Ngiryi 0 0 66 244 79 Gasaka Nyamugari 0 0 40 222 159 Gatare Bakopfu 1 0 13 116 17 Gatare Gatare 2 0 60 159 54 Gatare Mukongoro 3 0 42 208 123 Gatare Ruganda 16 0 0 0 0 Gatare Shyeru 0 0 16 105 120 Kaduha Kavumu 15 0 66 343 471 Kaduha Murambi 2 0 37 111 143 Kaduha Musenyi 4 0 18 51 19 Kaduha Nyabisindu 2 0 5 30 23 Kamegeri Bwama 12 1 0 0 0 Kamegeri Kamegeri 4 2 47 221 141 Kamegeri Kirehe 0 0 17 76 36 Kamegeri Kizi 26 9 13 61 32 Kibirizi Ruhunga 0 0 2 103 23 Kibumbwe Nyakiza 1 0 0 2 0 Kigoma Nyabisindu 68 11 17 270 61 Kitabi Mujuga 6 0 42 226 288 Kitabi Uwingugu 0 0 36 284 486 Mugano Gitwa 2 0 1 0 0 Mugano Ruhinga 28 0 42 479 168 Mugano Sovu 41 13 48 184 180 Musange Gasave 27 0 0 2 9 Musange Masagara 40 0 0 0 0 Musange Masangano 77 1 153 491 58 Musange Masangano 16 3 44 225 517 Musange Masizi 45 0 30 179 86 Musange Nyagisozi 13 0 24 92 62 Musebeya Gatovu 1 0 41 218 193 Musebeya Rugano 31 0 112 603 532 Mushubi Buteteri 7 3 63 194 60 Mushubi Cyobe 3 0 24 159 154 Mushubi Gashwati 23 0 57 888 131 Nkomane Bitandara 5 0 59 357 146 Nkomane Musaraba 0 0 16 91 93 Nkomane Mutengeri 0 0 85 180 102 Nkomane Nkomane 2 0 21 155 37 Nkomane Nyarwungo 1 0 17 78 62 Nkomane Twiya 3 0 30 157 133 Tare Buhoro 16 11 5 78 31

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Tare Gasarenda 1 0 74 283 176 Tare Kaganza 2 0 46 325 343 Tare Nyamigina 0 0 28 128 155 Table 6: Nyamagabe District technical implementation matrix.

5.6. Nyanza District

Figure 7: Nyanza District Interventions.

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Short term measures Medium term measures Long term measures Location (area ha) (area ha) (area ha) Implement Main Agroforestry/ Agroforestry Agroforestry/progressive ation phase river radical Natural Sector Cell /cutoff terraces/horizontal buffer terraces/gully forests drains trenches zones treatment Busasamana Gahondo 54 0 284 215 12 Phase 1 Nyagisozi Kabuga 80 3 115 524 218 Gahunga 68 3 97 401 208 Kabirizi 5 0 95 186 274 Phase 2 Nyagisozi Kirambi 10 0 265 491 137 Rurangazi 0 0 13 84 208 Kibinja 17 0 22 20 0 Busasamana Nyanza 132 0 122 183 2 Rwesero 134 0 137 333 5 Kadaho 162 10 101 816 131 Karama 79 1 240 643 194 Cyabakamyi Nyabinyenga 3 0 242 363 106 Nyarurama 6 1 155 296 168 Rubona 28 0 273 508 217 Cyerezo 19 0 374 406 62 Phase 3 Mukingo Nkomero 18 0 112 192 34 Gahunga 20 1 26 79 114 Nyagisozi Kabuga 18 0 13 167 33 Gacu 4 0 4 25 6 Gishike 0 0 106 78 21 Mubuga 95 2 81 216 14 Rwabicuma Mushirarungu 0 0 0 0 0 Nyarusange 0 0 133 164 42 Runga 0 0 0 0 0 Table 7: Nyanza District technical implementation matrix.

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5.7. Nyaruguru District

Figure 8: Nyaruguru District Interventions.

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5.8. Ruhango District

Figure 9: Ruhango District Interventions.

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Short term measures Medium term measures Long term measures Location (area ha) (area ha) (area ha) Implement Main Agroforestry/ Agroforestry Agroforestry/progressive ation phase river radical Natural Sector Cell /cutoff terraces/horizontal buffer terraces/gully forests drains trenches zones treatment Bweramana Gitisi 220 0 240 215 0 Kamusenyi 6 0 811 474 1 Kamusenyi 158 0 122 202 0 Kirengeri 5 0 31 6 0 Kirengeri 5 0 115 327 28 Byimana Mahembe 157 0 23 0 0 Mpanda 22 0 55 25 4 Phase 1 Muhororo 24 0 129 207 1 Ntenyo 17 0 262 238 115 Nyakabuye 34 0 152 43 3 Buhoro 49 0 237 152 0 Bunyogombe 208 0 17 16 1 Ruhango Munini 29 0 275 172 12 Nyamagana 406 0 252 294 0 Rwoga 358 0 98 223 1 Bweramvura 42 0 44 298 36 Kinihira Gitinda 12 0 36 284 75 Phase 2 Kigarama 21 0 38 197 34 Mwendo Nyabibugu 60 0 59 562 46 Buhanda 12 0 27 189 3 Buhanda 0 0 21 256 31 Buhanda 82 0 1 19 0 Bweramana Murama 216 0 3 13 3 Rubona 177 0 177 547 47 Rwinyana 79 0 32 392 50 Mpanda 0 0 77 550 27 Byimana Nyakabuye 2 0 8 78 4 Bihembe 66 0 16 234 19 Bihembe 65 11 55 639 139 Phase 3 Karambi 113 0 44 284 29 Karambi 25 0 87 268 23 Karambi 0 0 17 115 24 Kabagali Munanira 194 17 0 0 1 Remera 75 0 27 159 17 Remera 65 0 73 311 54 Rwesero 32 0 27 189 54 Rwesero 28 13 40 301 21 Rwoga 187 0 0 0 0 Kinihira Bweramvura 93 20 59 708 50

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Gitinda 93 16 145 781 10 Kirwa 48 0 41 326 57 Kirwa 0 0 13 151 19 Muyunzwe 47 0 122 414 99 Nyakogo 29 0 10 52 29 Nyakogo 115 0 12 127 9 Rukina 8 0 89 343 6 Rukina 46 0 57 258 27 Gafunzo 89 0 66 259 70 Gishweru 4 0 109 497 5 Gishweru 19 0 25 72 7 Kamujisho 45 0 117 351 74 Mwendo Kigarama 14 0 22 206 13 Kubutare 54 0 64 179 89 Mutara 26 0 376 556 63 Mutara 25 0 109 670 33 Saruheshyi 12 0 106 375 157 Table 9: Ruhango District technical implementation matrix.

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5.9. Rutsiro District

Figure 10: Rutsiro District Interventions.

Short term measures (area Medium term measures Long term measures Location ha) (area ha) (area ha) Implement Agroforestr Agroforestry/progressive ation phase Agroforestry/ Forest y/radical Natural Sector Cell terraces/horizontal cutoff drains plantation terraces/gull forests trenches y treatment Kagano 0 0 0 6 12 Phase 1 Mukura Mwendo 6 0 83 423 990 Manihira Muyira 58 411 55 152 42 Kageyo 57 49 90 72 17 Mukura Mwendo 39 45 91 385 204 Phase 2 Kabona 32 193 98 224 128 Mberi 103 570 62 54 6 Rusebeya Remera 18 69 20 32 33 Ruronde 74 228 35 197 210 Phase 3 Murunda Twabugezi 0 1 2 0 0 Table 10: Rutsiro District technical implementation matrix.

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6. Budget and financial framework 6.1. Budget Framework The presented budget distribution in table 11 is completely based on the intervention measures. It is important to note that additional funds may be required in order to have a complete budget that can sustain all the required measures (technical and non-technical) in each phases of the implementation strategy. For ease of planning the budget is presented per implementation term per phase per District.

Short term Medium term Long term District Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Huye 156,000,000 N/A 585,250,000 799,240,000 N/A 2,300,860,000 4,872,000,000 N/A 12,894,000,000 Karongi 250,000 7,500,000 205,450,000 27,840,000 33,640,000 1,506,260,000 1,072,800,000 900,000,000 30,820,800,000 Muhanga 79,000,000 47,650,000 2,302,500,000 741,240,000 243,020,000 841,580,000 2,780,400,000 2,353,200,000 14,998,800,000 Ngororero 2,746,800,000 756,140,000 4,673,130,000 486,040,000 207,640,000 1,059,080,000 9,468,000,000 2,000,400,000 14,601,600,000 Nyamagabe 118,500,000 56,250,000 176,000,000 344,520,000 1,033,560,000 1,055,600,000 8,000,400,000 19,615,200,000 19,645,200,000 Nyanza 35,000,000 22,250,000 191,250,000 231,420,000 272,600,000 1,241,780,000 1,162,800,000 2,386,800,000 6,765,600,000 Nyaruguru N/A N/A 6,000,000 N/A N/A 104,835,000 N/A N/A 1,022,400,000 Ruhango 424,500,000 33,750,000 584,750,000 1,635,020,000 102,660,000 1,318,920,000 3,312,000,000 1,838,400,000 14,678,400,000 Rutsiro 1,500,000 1,331,600,000 790,000 48,140,000 261,580,000 1,160,000 1,717,200,000 2,107,200,000 N/A Table 11: Budget distribution matrix in Rwandan Francs currency.

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6.2. Financial Framework Financing of landscape restoration and catchment plans is worldwide considered a challenge for which different financial schemes are available: 1. Governmental funding1 often in combination with in kind contribution of local communities as part of governmental planning mechanisms, like the Early Implementation Project of the IWRM Investment Fund in part of the UN catchment and the MINAGRI/FAO Initiative to apply for funding by the Global Climate Fund in the UN Catchment2. 2. Local village initiatives resulting for example in a Village Level Action Plan (VLAP) for which financial and technical support is requested from NGO’s and/or governmental agencies3. Microcredit systems often play a vital role in the execution of such initiatives4. 3. NGO initiatives: an example is the worldwide campaign of Conservation International to promote Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES)5. In Rwanda a first practical trial is promoted by Water for Growth Rwanda. 4. Private sector initiatives6. 5. Combinations of initiatives and financing mechanisms in Public Private Partnerships7.

For the realization of the UN Rehabilitation plan a combination of the above mentioned financing mechanisms is proposed. The International Fund Management Advisor for the IIF who is to be recruited before 1st of January 2017 can be assigned the task to support this process. In table 12, a list of climate financing opportunities for Rwanda are provided (courtesy of Water for Growth Rwanda). This can be used as opportunities for financing the Nyabarongo upstream Rehabilitation plan.

Administered Operationa Potential Current Fund name8 Type Area of focus by l funding projects 1. Adaptation Fund Multilateral Adaptation Adaptation 2009

1 In cases of developing countries regularly supported by donor programmes 2 Information received 18/11/17 in a IUCN led initiative to set up a GCF programme for the Eastern Province 3 See: http://www.catchmentguidelines.org.mw/en/catchment-management/introduction 4 See for example IUCN in Rwanda: https://hrms.iucn.org/iresy/index.cfm?event=vac.offline.download&offline_vacancy_id=265 5 See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payment_for_ecosystem_services and http://www.conservation.org/ 6 See for example: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0376835X.2014.933699?src=recsys&journalCode=cdsa20 7 See for example the evaluation of the Dutch Sustainable Water Fund: http://english.rvo.nl/sites/default/files/2016/07/Sustainable%20Water%20Fund%20DEF.pdf And an example in South Africa: https://www.waterscarcitysolutions.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/A-Public- private-partnership-to-address-regional-water-issues.pdf 8 Climate Funds Update, http://www.climatefundsupdate.org/listing

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Administered Operationa Potential Current Fund name8 Type Area of focus by l funding projects Fund Board 2. Adaptation for Smallholder Multilateral IFAD Adaptation 2012 Agriculture Program Adaptation, Mitigation - The World 3. Bio Carbon Fund Multilateral general, Mitigation - 2004 Bank REDD 4. Clean Technology The World Multilateral Mitigation - general 2008 Fund Bank 5. Forest Carbon The World Multilateral Mitigation - REDD 2008 Partnership Bank 6. Forest Investment The World Multilateral Mitigation - REDD 2009 Program Bank 7. GEF Trust Fund - The Global Adaptation, Mitigation - Climate Change Multilateral Environment 2014 general focal area (GEF 6) Facility (GEF) 8. Global Climate Adaptation, Mitigation - The European Change Alliance+ Multilateral general, Mitigation - 2008 Commission (GCCA+) REDD 9. Global Energy Efficiency and The European Multilateral Mitigation - general 2008 Renewable Energy Commission Fund Adaptation, Mitigation - 10. Green Climate Multilateral GCF Board general, Mitigation - 2015 Fund REDD The Global 11. Least Developed Multilateral Environment Adaptation 2002 Countries Fund Facility (GEF) 12. MDG Achievement Fund – Adaptation, Mitigation - Environment and Multilateral UNDP 2007 general Climate Change Thematic Window 13. Partnership for The World Multilateral Mitigation - general 2011 Market Readiness Bank 14. Pilot Program The World for Climate Multilateral Adaptation 2008 Bank Resilience 15. Scaling-Up Renewable Energy The World Multilateral Mitigation - general 2009 Program for Low Bank Income Countries The Global 16. Special Climate Multilateral Environment Adaptation 2002 Change Fund Facility (GEF)

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Administered Operationa Potential Current Fund name8 Type Area of focus by l funding projects Adaptation, Mitigation - 17. Strategic Climate The World Framework Multilateral general, Mitigation - 2008 Fund Bank fund REDD The Global 18. Strategic Priority Multilateral Environment Adaptation 2004 on Adaptation Facility (GEF) 19. UN-REDD Multilateral UNDP Mitigation - REDD 2008 Programme Table 12: Climate Funding Overview.

Potential funding Colour Description Potentially funding is available Fund specific restrictions apply Currently no funding opportunities Fund has been closed-down Current projects (in Rwanda) Fund is currently implementing projects in

Rwanda Fund is currently not implementing projects in

Rwanda Table 13: Climate Funding Overview Legend. 7. Implementation framework For a successful implementation of the rehabilitation plan, an all-stakeholder’sinvolvement from the central to the local decentralized management levels, is proposed. Existing institutions will be supported by a technical team composed of engineers and scientists from various departments of MINIRENA/RNRA, MINAGRI/RAB and MININFRA/REG with rare technical skills in watershed management, sustainable mining and afforestation and land management. The team will work closely with the Districts in implementing the proposed rehabilitation plan, analysing it and defining detailed operational plans. A governance implementation framework structure is provided in figure 11 below.

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Economic Cluster Ministers of MINIRENA, MINAGRI, MINALOC & MININFRA

PSs OF MINIRENA, MINAGRI AND MINALOC

Steering Committee (Senior Officers) RNRA, REMA, RAB, REG, MINECOFIN, MINADEF, Districts

JADF (Joint Action Development Forum) supported by a permanent technical team of Engineers

Districts, Sectors, Villages, Imidugudu, Miners, Farmers, Private owners, Reserve Force

Figure 11: Diagram of the rehabilitation plan governance implementation framework. The proposed governance framework gives the Economic Cluster the oversight at policy level while the top management level is made up of Ministers, Governors of both Southern and Western Provinces, Permanent Secretaries, Director Generals and respective Mayors who will supervise and coordinate the programme interventions. A Technical team led by the experts from RNRA, RAB, REG, REMA Departments and other technical staff from other departments will provide all required technical support to the Districts technical staff to ensure that effective operational plans are well designed and implemented. The proposed technical team is suggested to frequently visit the project implementation zones to provide technical support to the Districts, Sectors, Cells and Villages. It has been observed that laws enforcement in areas like environment protection, water pollution, afforestation, sustainable mining and landscape management is still a challenge mainly at District level.

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The performance contract process needs to be reinforced especially between local communities and their respective heads of Umududugu (Villages). This has been found as a best practice especially in Nyamagabe District and this need upscaling throughout all the catchment Districts. 7.1. Stakeholders responsibilities The following section summarizes the major stakeholders’ institutions and their role in the Upstream Nyabarongo rehabilitation plan implementation. These are, and not limited to: MINIRENA, RNRA, REMA and Private Mining Operators:  Overall coordination, implementation and monitoring of the rehabilitation plan activities;  Follow up the implementation all mining intervention activities;  Follow up integrated riverbank protection and rehabilitation planned activities;  In partnership with MINALOC to coordinate the community awareness raising activities;  Coordination and implementation of all forestry and agroforestry activities in close collaboration with MINAGRI/RAB;  Overall Reporting of results to the Economic Cluster and other relevant institutions. MINAGRI and RAB:  Overall coordination and implementation of all erosion control terracing activities;  Community awareness and training on improved agricultural practices;  Community awareness and training on agroforestry practices. MININFRA and REG:  Overall coordination of expropriation and hydro power plants protection;  Implementation of short term measurements in protection of upstream rivers to the hydro power plants;  Implementation of payment for ecosystem services (PES). MINALOC and Districts:  Overall coordination of local District water catchment rehabilitation activities;  Ensuring that the District Development Plans (DDPs) include aspects of the rehabilitation plan;  Coordinate all the land conservation and husbandry implementation project in the concerned Districts;  Ensure that the Ear Marked Funds are effectively used in the implementation of the rehabilitation plan activities. National Police:  Coordinate all law enforcement actions especially for illegal mining activities with private mining operators;  Enforce the environmental protection related crime prevention.

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