NO END in SIGHT | Introduction 05 | Refugee Rights Europe | NO END in SIGHT | Introduction
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REPORT CONTRIBUTORS REPORT Authors Greek Helsinki Monitor (GHM) Elpida Home Alice Lucas Location: Athens Location: Thessaloniki Phoebe Ramsay greekhelsinki.wordpress.com elpidahome.org Laura Keen racistcrimeswatch.wordpress.com Equal Rights Beyond Borders Refugee Rights Europe (RRE) Location: Athens and Chios REPORT Editors Location: Multiple equal-rights.org refugeerights.org.uk Laura Keen HumanRights360 World Organisation Against Torture Location: National Marta Welander Location: Multiple humanrights360.org omct.org Mobile Info Team GRAPHIC DESIGN Advocates Abroad Location: Northern Greece Location: Multiple mobileinfoteam.org Pippa Stanton advocatesabroad.org Me And You Create Samos Volunteers www.meandyoucreate.com Location: Samos Arsis [email protected] Location: National samosvolunteers.org arsis.gr Still I Rise Photo Credits Avocats Sans Frontières France Location: Samos Location: Samos stillirisengo.org Tessa Kraan avocatssansFrontieres-france.org Zsuzsánna Fodor Refugee Law Clinic Berlin Still I Rise Location: Samos Claire Veale rlc-berlin.org Mohamad Alhussein Saoud Photo credit: Zsuzsánna Fodor Introduction 04 Immigration Detention 06 Lack of Legal Safeguards 08 Access to the Asylum Procedures 10 Living Conditions 14 Lack of Access to Healthcare 18 Police Violence 22 Violence against Women 26 Unaccompanied Children 28 The Situation for LGBTQI+ Asylum Seekers 32 Racial Discrimination and Xenophobia 34 Push-backs 37 Conclusions and Recommendations 38 In advance of Greece’s This report finds evidence of sweeping There is an alarming rate of gender-based violence periodic review as a human rights violations of displaced people against refugee and asylum-seeking women and girls party to the Convention and refugees on mainland Greece and the occurring in Greece, and in particular on the islands. islands of Chios, Lesvos and Samos, Both in camps and Reception and Identification against Torture, Refugee Centres (RICs)—the government-run facilities through Rights Europe, along with This report finds evidence of sweeping human which asylum seekers first pass—there is often a lack partner organisations, rights violations of displaced people and refugees of special protections and safeguards in place. Post- on mainland Greece and the islands of Chios, rape emergency care is critically lacking on many submitted a version Lesvos and Samos, violations that could amount of the islands. In addition, the report highlights the of this report to the to cruel and unusual treatment and torture. As a concerning treatment of unaccompanied children. Committee against result of the so-called Containment Policy, bought A persistent issue reported by multiple groups is the Torture on the situation into effect following the EU-Turkey Statement in practice of placing children in so-called protective 2016, thousands are currently trapped on the custody in unsuitable conditions in police stations for asylum seekers and islands without access to shelter, healthcare or and police detention facilities for long periods. refugees in Greece. education, including many women and children. Those living on the islands, often in severely There is an alarming rate of The civil society actors that overcrowded camps, face dire living conditions, gender-based violence against refugee contributed to this report including unhygienic conditions and inadequate and asylum-seeking women and girls. represent a diverse range of housing and bathing facilities. sectors, geographic regions, Overall, the findings of this report suggest that and organisational structures: Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) cited in refugees and asylum seekers in Greece continue from national and international this report describe incredibly poor conditions in to confront an extremely hostile environment, one NGOs to small volunteer-based detention, with inadequate sanitation facilities and characterized by uncertainty, violence and neglect. aid groups and grassroots a lack of access to medical care. There is a lack legal In order that their human rights are upheld, legal aid organisations. These safeguards, including access to a lawyer. There are this report concludes with a set of urgent organisations, many of which also alarming reports of ill-treatment by the police in recommendations that should be implemented are on the frontlines of the detention centres, ranging from beatings, standing on the local and national level. humanitarian crisis on mainland on people’s backs and heads and aggressive behavior. Greece and the islands, are Across mainland Greece and the islands, aid intimately familiar with the reality organisations and NGOs have stated that reports of of life within the labyrinthine and ill-treatment by the police and in detention centres often inhumane asylum system in often go un-investigated, and that there is little to no place there. redress available for the victims. Photo credit: Tessa Kraan 04 | Refugee Rights europe | NO END IN SIGHT | Introduction 05 | Refugee Rights europe | NO END IN SIGHT | Introduction Photo credit: Tessa Kraan Immigration-related man, aged 21, recounted having been in prison and ventilation, sanitation conditions are poor, the for 51 days on the grounds of ‘illegal entry’. Others use of mobile phones is not allowed, there is no detention in Greece explained that they had been arrested whilst finding recreational activity whatsoever, no medical services has been criticised by themselves in the near vicinity of brawls between are provided, and there is no appropriate space for leading human rights other refugees. Many respondents also explained visits or cooperation with a lawyer. organisations on multiple that if asylum seekers decide to go back to Turkey or to their country of origin through the voluntary The report also observed delays in the full occasions and described return process, they risk being detained for three registration of applications for international as taking ‘arbitrary and to four months before being deported.3 protection for a period ranging from one to four prolonged’ forms1. months, during which the detainees are deprived 23.2% of respondents had been detained of the procedural guarantees provided to asylum applicants. Furthermore, the authorities do not According to field research by the police at some stage in Lesvos. include in the duration of detention of an asylum conducted in 2017 by Refugee seeker the time that lapses between when the Rights Europe’s (RRE), 18.4% of In its 2018 report on administrative detention detainee expresses the intention to apply and the the asylum seekers interviewed practices, the Greek Council for Refugees (GCR) full registration of the application. This indicates had been arrested or detained highlighted the practice of the detention of that applicants for international protection may be since they had arrived on Chios.2 vulnerable groups, including families with children detained for a period exceeding the maximum time Random detention by police and unaccompanied children, often in inappropriate limits of 3 months. appeared to be commonplace conditions and without appropriate medical care.4 as well as many related stories During the previous year, GCR reported handling about refugees who were cases of single-parent families, as well as cases of applicants for international protection detained and beaten by police detained people, who, among others, were victims may be detained for a period exceeding the for no apparent reason. of torture or had serious health problems, including maximum time limits of 3 months. mental health. In general, the GCR report highlights detention conditions which continue to violate 18.4% of the asylum Organisations working on the ground across fundamental rights and, in many cases, amount to seekers interviewed Greece report that the overall conditions in inhuman and degrading treatment. Police cells in had been arrested or detention for asylum seekers held for immigration police stations and police headquarters, which are by reasons are poor. In Northern Greece, individuals detained since they had their nature inappropriate for prolonged detention, held in detention centres in police stations are held arrived on Chios. were still used throughout 2018. According to GCR in unsuitable cells, without adequate light, hygiene findings, these detention places have no access to or toilet facilities. Cells are usually at capacity, and Similarly, during the field research a yard, and detainees never have the opportunity individuals often complain about the cleanliness of conducted in 2018 on Lesvos, of outdoor exercise or access to an outdoor area, the conditions, including, for example, mattresses RRE found 23.2% of respondents third-country nationals (administrative) detainees with fleas.4 had been detained by the police are detained together with persons facing criminal at some stage in Lesvos. A Syrian proceedings, there is lack of sufficient natural light "They were detained in the same areas with persons who were detained under criminal/ antisocial charges and the conditions were generally poor." — ANONYMOUS ORGANISATION Photo credit: Mohamad Alhussein Saoud 1. https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/EUR2556642017ENGLISH.PDF; https://www.hrw.org/news/2017/08/02/greece-huge-rise-detention-migrant-children 2. Refugee Rights Europe (2017), An Island at Breaking Point. https://refugeerights.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/RRE_AnIslandAtBreakingPoint.pdf. 3. See also https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/EUR2556642017ENGLISH.pdf 4. https://www.gcr.gr/media/k2/attachments/GCR_Ekthesi_Dioikitik_Kratisi_2019_en.pdf