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Establecimiento De Un Sistema Productivo De Lulo (Solanum Quitoense Lam) Para La Conservación De Polinizadores En Condiciones De Chámeza Casanare

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Establecimiento De Un Sistema Productivo De Lulo (Solanum Quitoense Lam) Para La Conservación De Polinizadores En Condiciones De Chámeza Casanare Universidad de La Salle Ciencia Unisalle Ingeniería Agronómica Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias 2019 Establecimiento de un sistema productivo de lulo (Solanum quitoense lam) para la conservación de polinizadores en condiciones de Chámeza Casanare Olger Ricardo Guerrero Espinoza Universidad de La Salle, Yopal, Casanare Follow this and additional works at: https://ciencia.lasalle.edu.co/ingenieria_agronomica Part of the Engineering Commons Citación recomendada Guerrero Espinoza, O. R. (2019). Establecimiento de un sistema productivo de lulo (Solanum quitoense lam) para la conservación de polinizadores en condiciones de Chámeza Casanare. Retrieved from https://ciencia.lasalle.edu.co/ingenieria_agronomica/158 This Trabajo de grado - Pregrado is brought to you for free and open access by the Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias at Ciencia Unisalle. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ingeniería Agronómica by an authorized administrator of Ciencia Unisalle. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ESTABLECIMIENTO DE UN SISTEMA PRODUCTIVO DE LULO (Solanum quitoense Lam) PARA LA CONSERVACIÓN DE POLINIZADORES EN CONDICIONES DE CHÁMEZA CASANARE. ESTABLISHMENT OF A PRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OF LULO (Solanum quitoense Lam) FOR THE CONSERVATION OF THE POLLINATORS IN CONDITIONS OF CHÁMEZA CASANARE. INFORME FINAL DE GRADO M. Sc. JOHN CRISTHIAN FERNÁNDEZ LIZARAZO DIRECTOR TRABAJO DE GRADO OLGER RICARDO GUERRERO ESPINOZA UNIVERSIDAD DE LA SALLE FACULTAS DE CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS INGENIERÍA AGRONÓMICA YOPAL, OCTUBRE DE 2019 AGRADECIMIENTOS A Dios, por bridarme el don de la vida y el entendimiento para poder disfrutar de todo esto con mi familia, amigos y demás personas que han estado junto a mi recorriendo este camino. A mis abuelos José Belisario Guerrero y María Ana Elvia Espinoza y mi hermana Angie Sulema Ramírez Guerrero que son mi principal inspiración y fuerza para seguir para adelante. A la Universidad de La Salle y el Proyecto Utopía, por darnos la oportunidad de tener mi formación profesional. Al equipo de Proyecto Productivos, que sin importar el momento y situación estuvieron siempre para bridarme su incondicional apoyo, en especial al Ing. Franklin Gómez e Ing., David Leonardo Flechas por su apoyo y fortaleza en los momentos complicados durante la realización de este proyecto, de igual forma al Ing. Luis Carlos Montiel, por su colaboración en el manejo de las finanzas de este proyecto A ECOPETROL, por aportar su granito de arena y su incondicional apoyo durante mi proceso de formación como profesional y ejecución del proyecto productivo. Al cuerpo de docentes del programa de ingeniería agronómica que aporto a mi proceso de formación: Diana Obregón, Diana Ríos, Wilson Bohórquez, Danella Abril, Elkin Sánchez, Marvin Cardozo, Gustavo Castro, Cristian Castro, Miguel Darío Sosa, Víctor Montaña, Ricardo Bueno y Cristhian Fernández. A la profesora, M.Sc. Diana Obregón Corredor por su gran apoyo y colaboración a lo largo de mi proceso de formación, además por cada una de las enseñanzas que me ha podido brindar. A los Hermanos de Carlos Gómez, Gonzalo Achuri, Alberto Prada, Pedro Galvis, Sebastián Arias y Martin Figueroa por su acompañamiento y enseñanza a lo largo de mi formación como profesional. Al tutor de este trabajo de grado M.Sc, C John Cristhian Fernández Lizarazo por su colaboración y aporte para que este trabajo de grado fuese posible. A cada una de las personas del campus y fuera que de alguna manera contribuyeron en mi proceso formativo. TABLA DE CONTENIDO 1 RESUMEN ....................................................................................................................................... 6 2 INTRODUCCIÓN ............................................................................................................................ 7 3 METODOLOGÍA GENERAL DESARROLLO DEL PROYECTO PRODUCTIVO ..................... 9 3.1 Componente Ingeniería Agronómica. ....................................................................................... 9 3.1.1 Ubicación .......................................................................................................................... 9 3.1.2 Material vegetal............................................................................................................... 10 3.1.3 Preparación del terreno y siembra ................................................................................... 11 3.1.4 Fertilización .................................................................................................................... 12 3.1.5 Manejo del recurso hídrico ............................................................................................. 12 3.1.6 Manejo de plagas, enfermedades y arvenses (MPEA) .................................................... 13 3.1.7 Cosecha y Postcosecha .................................................................................................... 14 4 COMPONENTE DE INVESTIGACIÓN ....................................................................................... 15 4.1 Materiales y métodos .............................................................................................................. 15 5 COMPONENTE SOCIAL. ............................................................................................................. 17 5.1 Descripción de la actividad ..................................................................................................... 17 5.2 Contextualización de la comunidad ........................................................................................ 18 6 COMPONENTE DE EMPRESARIZACIÓN DEL CAMPO ......................................................... 18 6.1 Canal de comercialización ...................................................................................................... 18 6.2 Tasa Interna de Retorno (TIR) y Valor Actual Neto (VAN) .................................................. 19 6.3 Flujo de caja ............................................................................................................................ 20 7 RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN COMPONENTES PROYECTO PRODUCTIVO ..................... 21 7.1 Componente Ingeniería Agronómica ...................................................................................... 21 7.2 Componente de investigación. ................................................................................................ 22 7.3 Componente social .................................................................................................................. 28 7.4 Componente de empresarización del campo ........................................................................... 30 7.4.1 Precio del producto ......................................................................................................... 31 7.4.2 Recomendaciones............................................................................................................ 31 8 CONCLUSIONES .......................................................................................................................... 33 9 BIBLIOGRAFÍA ............................................................................................................................ 34 10 ANEXOS .................................................................................................................................... 37 LISTA DE TABLAS Tabla 1. Localización del proyecto. .............................................................................................................. 9 Tabla 2. Requerimientos agroecológicos y oferta de la zona para el establecimiento del lulo. .................. 11 Tabla 3. Preparación del terreno y siembra. ................................................................................................ 11 Tabla 4. Época y dosis de fertilizante aplicadas al cultivo de lulo.............................................................. 12 Tabla 5. Manejo de plagas, enfermedades y arvenses del proyecto productivo ......................................... 14 Tabla 6. Comercialización de fruto ............................................................................................................. 19 Tabla 7. TIR y VAN del proyecto productivo. ........................................................................................... 19 Tabla 8. Flujo de caja del proyecto productivo. .......................................................................................... 20 Tabla 9. Actividades realizadas en el componente social. .......................................................................... 28 Tabla 10. Resumen financiero del proyecto productivo. ............................................................................ 30 LISTA DE FIGURAS Figura 1. Área de terreno proyecto productivo. ......................................................................................... 10 Figura 2. Flujo de caja del proyecto productivo. ........................................................................................ 20 Figura 3. Tipos de flores del lulo. ............................................................................................................... 23 Figura 4. Frutos cuajados en promedio en cada una de las fincas .............................................................. 23 Figura 5. Frutos cuajados según las flores de estilo largo........................................................................... 24 Figura 6. Frecuencia de visita de polinizadores a las flores de lulo. ..........................................................
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