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Cold War and the Olympics: an Athlete's Perspective Mike Vecchione Union College - Schenectady, NY
Union College Union | Digital Works Honors Theses Student Work 6-2017 Cold War and the Olympics: An Athlete's Perspective Mike Vecchione Union College - Schenectady, NY Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses Part of the Diplomatic History Commons, European History Commons, Military History Commons, Political History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Vecchione, Mike, "Cold War and the Olympics: An Athlete's Perspective" (2017). Honors Theses. 97. https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses/97 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at Union | Digital Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Union | Digital Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Union College Cold War and the Olympics: An Athlete’s Perspective Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for Honors Department of History Mike Vecchione History Thesis Professor Aslakson 3/16/17 1 Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction-3 The Olympic Boycotts-3 ChapterHistoriography-6 Description- 17 Chapter 2: United States Cheated of Gold- 19 The Alternate Endings-19 The Appeal- 24 Background of William Jones-28 Player’s Reactions- 35 Chapter 3: Miracle On Ice- 40 Herb Brooks’ Philosophy-41 US Through the Games- 46 Squaw Valley 1960-52 Reactions to the Games- 60 2 Chapter 1: Introduction When President Jimmy Carter decided to boycott the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, it was the largest act of political interference in the history of the Olympics. It began in December of 1979 when Soviet troops invaded Afghanistan. -
Molesey Boat Club
RESOLUTE Molesey Men HOCR 2017 Event 6 - 9:50 AM Men’s Senior Masters 8 (50+) Position Name History Cox Adrian Ellison GB Olympic Gold 4+ in 1984 LA Olympics and multiple world medalist Stroke Magnus Burbanks GB multiple national champion at sculling 7 Ian McNuff GB Olympic/world bronzes 4- 1978-80 6 Martin Cross GB Olympic Gold 4+ 1984 LA Olympics, Olympic Bronze 1980 4- Moscow; multiple world medalist 5 Paul Wright GB national champion and Henley winner 4 John Beattie GB Olympic/world Bronzes 4- 1978-80, 1984 GB Olympian LA 3 Farrell Mossop GB multiple International 2 Paul Reynolds GB multiple International Bow Tony Brook NZ world champion and silver 8+ Event 26 - 3:24 PM Men’s Masters 8 (40+) Position Name History Cox Phelan Hill GB International - Gold Olympic 8+ 2016 Rio Stroke Artour Samsanov US International and 2004 Olympian-Athens 7 Ed Bellamy GB International and Oxford President 6 Tom Solesbury GB International, Olympian 2004 & 2008 5 Bobby Thatcher GB Olympian and world Silver 8+ 4 Dave Gillard GB International and Cambridge 3 Andrew Brennan US International and medalist 2 Tom Anderson Oxford Bow Tom Middleton GB Olympian LM2x Sydney 2000, Silver medalist in LM8+, 2000 Roster Bios for Event 6 - 9:50 AM Men’s Senior Masters 8 (50+) Cox: Adrian Ellison - World champ bronze x2 (M2+ 1981, M8 1989), Olympic gold (M4+ 1984) Adrian Ellison was born on 11 September 1958 and is a retired English rowing cox. He coxed the men's four which brought Steve Redgrave his first Olympic gold in Los Angeles in 1984. -
Bronx Princess
POV Community Engagement & Education Discussion GuiDe My Perestroika A Film by Robin Hessman www.pbs.org/pov PoV BLeatctkegrr foruonmd tinhefo friLmmamtaiokner Robin Hessman Photo courtesy of Red square Productions My Connection to Russia i have been curious about Russia and the soviet union for as long as i can remember. Growing up in the united states in the 1970s and early 1980s, it was impossible to miss the fact that the ussR was consid - ered our enemy and, according to movies and television, plotting to destroy the planet with its nuclear weapons. interest in the “evil empire” was everywhere. When i was seven, my second grade class made up a game: usA versus ussR. The girls were the united states, with headquarters at the jungle gym. The boys were the ussR, and were hunkered down at the sand box. And for some reason, the boys allowed me to be the only girl in the ussR. And thus, i was suddenly faced with a dilemma. My best friends were girls, but i was a curious kid, and i wanted to know what was going on in the ussR. un - able to choose between them, i became a double agent. i suppose it was my insatiable curiosity about this purportedly diabolical country that led me to beg my parents to allow me to subscribe to Soviet Life magazine at age ten. (i have no idea how i even knew it existed.) As children of the Mccarthy era in the 1950s, when thousands of Americans were accused of disloyalty and being communist sympathizers, my parents were concerned about the repercussions that the subscription to Soviet Life could have on my future. -
Authority of the United States Olympic Committee to Send American Teams to the 1980 Summer Olympics
Authority of the United States Olympic Committee to Send American Teams to the 1980 Summer Olympics T he Am ateur Sports Act of 1978, 36 U.S.C. §371 el seq.. does not compel the United States Olympic Committee to send American teams to any Olympics. The United States Olympic Committee may withdraw its delegation at any time before final entries are made. T he Am ateur Sports Act o f 1978, 36 U.S.C. § 371 et seq.. does not create any substantive right in an individual athlete to participate in a particular Olympic. April 10, 1980 T h e P r e s i d e n t My D e a r M r. President: You have requested my opinion on the question whether the United States Olympic Committee (USOC) has a legal duty, under the Amateur Sports Act of 1978, 36 U.S.C. § 371 et seq., to send a team of American athletes to the Summer Olympic Games in Moscow. For reasons stated below, it is my opinion that no tenable argument can be made that the USOC is required to send an American team to the Moscow Games. To the contrary, I believe that the Amateur Sports Act gives the USOC discretion not to send a team to any particular Olympic Games, including the Moscow Games. There would appear to be only two conceivable bases for an argu ment that the USOC is legally bound to send an American team to the Moscow Games.1 One argument might be that the Amateur Sports Act of 1978 grants no discretion to the USOC to refuse to send an Ameri can team to any particular Olympic Games no matter what the circum stances might be. -
Protest at the Pyramid: the 1968 Mexico City Olympics and the Politicization of the Olympic Games Kevin B
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2003 Protest at the Pyramid: The 1968 Mexico City Olympics and the Politicization of the Olympic Games Kevin B. Witherspoon Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES PROTEST AT THE PYRAMID: THE 1968 MEXICO CITY OLYMPICS AND THE POLITICIZATION OF THE OLYMPIC GAMES By Kevin B. Witherspoon A Dissertation submitted to the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Fall Semester, 2003 The members of the Committee approve the dissertation of Kevin B. Witherspoon defended on Oct. 6, 2003. _________________________ James P. Jones Professor Directing Dissertation _____________________ Patrick O’Sullivan Outside Committee Member _________________________ Joe M. Richardson Committee Member _________________________ Valerie J. Conner Committee Member _________________________ Robinson Herrera Committee Member The Office of Graduate Studies has verified and approved the above named committee members. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This project could not have been completed without the help of many individuals. Thanks, first, to Jim Jones, who oversaw this project, and whose interest and enthusiasm kept me to task. Also to the other members of the dissertation committee, V.J. Conner, Robinson Herrera, Patrick O’Sullivan, and Joe Richardson, for their time and patience, constructive criticism and suggestions for revision. Thanks as well to Bill Baker, a mentor and friend at the University of Maine, whose example as a sports historian I can only hope to imitate. Thanks to those who offered interviews, without which this project would have been a miserable failure: Juan Martinez, Manuel Billa, Pedro Aguilar Cabrera, Carlos Hernandez Schafler, Florenzio and Magda Acosta, Anatoly Isaenko, Ray Hegstrom, and Dr. -
London 1908 Olympics Gold Medal Awarded for Wrestling Among
From: Mike Graff [email protected] Subject: London 1908 Olympics Gold Medal awarded for wrestling among Olympic Memorabilia to go under the hammer Date: July 22, 2020 at 4:22 PM To: Lanny Bryant [email protected] Lanny, Please let me know if you need any additional assistance. The Olympic Memorabilia auction from RR Auction will conclude July 23. For more information, go to www.rrauction.com. Regards, Mike Graff 203/807-2575 Item #3014 London 1908 Olympics Gold Winner's Medal Now At: USD $20,000, (Estimate: USD $25,000+) London 1908 Olympics Gold Winner's Medal among Olympic Memorabilia to go under the hammer Rare winner's medal issued for wrestling at the London 1908 Olympics will be auctioned by Boston-based RR Auction. This medal was awarded to 22-year-old British wrestler Stanley Bacon, who finished first in the men's freestyle middleweight bracket after ousting fellow countryman George de Relwyskow by decision in the final match. He also competed in the men's Greco-Roman middleweight competition but was defeated in the first round by eventual silver medalist Mauritz Andersson of Sweden. Bacon rounded out his Olympic career by wrestling at the 1912 Games in Sweden and the 1920 Games in Antwerp, ultimately losing in the second round on both occasions. Designed by Bertram Mackennal, Birmingham, manufactured by Vaughton & Sons, England, . Gold, 33.5 mm, 25 gm, The front, inscribed, "Olympic Games, London 1908," features a victorious athlete being crowned with a laurel wreath by two seated females; the reverse depicts St. George, the patron saint of England, slaying a dragon as a goddess looks on. -
Michał Marcin Kobierecki* BOYCOTT of the LOS ANGELES 1984
POLISH POLITICAL SCIENCE YEARBOOK 2015, Vol. 44 PL ISSN 0208-7375 DOI: 10.15804/ppsy2015008 Michał Marcin Kobierecki* BOYCOTT OF THE LOS ANGELES 1984 OLYMPIC GAMES AS AN EXAMPLE OF POLITICAL PLAY-ACTING OF THE COLD WAR SUPERPOWERS ABSTRACT Sports boycott is one of the most important dimension of sport colliding with politics. The subject of the article is the boycott of the Los Angeles Olympic Games in 1984, one of the most spectacular boycotts, which was conducted by communist countries. It is widely recognized, that Los Angeles Olympics were boycotted as a result of a similar action by Western countries towards Moscow Olympics in 1980. However, evidence proves that there was no decision concerning com- munist boycott of Los Angeles Olympics until a few months before the Games. Preparations to the Olympics were on their way, but unexpected change of Soviet leader resulted in the boycott. Safety reasons were the declared reason for the boycott of the Soviet Union and 13 other communist countries. Nevertheless, it is evident that the real reasons were connected with the political game of USSR. The probable actual aims were the desire to hit the first ever privately financed Olympic Games and to make it harder for American president Ronald Raegan to be reelected. Naturally, at least partly it was also a matter of revenge for boycotting the Moscow Games. Keywords: Sports politics, sports boycott, Cold War rivalry, Olympic Games, politics * University of XXXX. 94 MICHAŁ MARCIN KOBIERECKI Sports boycott is one of the most spectacular examples of sport and politics colliding. States or respectively their leaders may derive political benefits from sport – through winning competitions or many medals on international sports events or through particular victories in prestigious contests. -
2021 : RRCA Distance Running Hall of Fame : 1971 RRCA DISTANCE RUNNING HALL of FAME MEMBERS
2021 : RRCA Distance Running Hall of Fame : 1971 RRCA DISTANCE RUNNING HALL OF FAME MEMBERS 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 Bob Cambell Ted Corbitt Tarzan Brown Pat Dengis Horace Ashenfleter Clarence DeMar Fred Faller Victor Drygall Leslie Pawson Don Lash Leonard Edelen Louis Gregory James Hinky Mel Porter Joseph McCluskey John J. Kelley John A. Kelley Henigan Charles Robbins H. Browning Ross Joseph Kleinerman Paul Jerry Nason Fred Wilt 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 R.E. Johnson Eino Pentti John Hayes Joe Henderson Ruth Anderson George Sheehan Greg Rice Bill Rodgers Ray Sears Nina Kuscsik Curtis Stone Frank Shorter Aldo Scandurra Gar Williams Thomas Osler William Steiner 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 Hal Higdon William Agee Ed Benham Clive Davies Henley Gabeau Steve Prefontaine William “Billy” Mills Paul de Bruyn Jacqueline Hansen Gordon McKenzie Ken Young Roberta Gibb- Gabe Mirkin Joan Benoit Alex Ratelle Welch Samuelson John “Jock” Kathrine Switzer Semple Bob Schul Louis White Craig Virgin 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 Nick Costes Bill Bowerman Garry Bjorklund Dick Beardsley Pat Porter Ron Daws Hugh Jascourt Cheryl Flanagan Herb Lorenz Max Truex Doris Brown Don Kardong Thomas Hicks Sy Mah Heritage Francie Larrieu Kenny Moore Smith 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 Barry Brown Jeff Darman Jack Bacheler Julie Brown Ann Trason Lynn Jennings Jeff Galloway Norm Green Amby Burfoot George Young Fred Lebow Ted Haydon Mary Decker Slaney Marion Irvine 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Ed Eyestone Kim Jones Benji Durden Gerry Lindgren Mark Curp Jerry Kokesh Jon Sinclair Doug Kurtis Tony Sandoval John Tuttle Pete Pfitzinger 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Miki Gorman Patti Lyons Dillon Bob Kempainen Helen Klein Keith Brantly Greg Meyer Herb Lindsay Cathy O’Brien Lisa Rainsberger Steve Spence 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Deena Kastor Jenny Spangler Beth Bonner Anne Marie Letko Libbie Hickman Meb Keflezighi Judi St. -
The Intervention in Afghanistan and the Fall of Detente a Chronology *
•• The Intervention in Afghanistan and the Fall of Detente A Chronology * August 31, 1926- The USSR and Afghanistan sign a Treaty ofNeutrality and Mutual Non-Intervention. Spring 1929 - Soviet military expedition, directed by Vitaly Primakov, the Soviet Military Attache in Kabul, penetrates into Afghanistan and becomes involved in power struggle there. October 1941 - The USSR issues a memorandum calling for Afghanistan's neutrality in the war. November 1941 - Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov sends a letter to the Soviet embassy in Kabul noting that "to fight in Afghanistan with the basmachi [armed Muslim guerrillas who fled from Soviet Central Asia] and the White Guard would mean provoking a war in Central Asia, which would be to the advantage of Germany and Japan. It would undercut our prestige in the East and destabilize the territories behind the Red Army's frontlines. Therefore, neutralization of Afghanistan and cooperation with Iraq and Saudi Arabia, along with strengthening relations with Yemen are the main tasks of our • policy in this region." (Lyakhovsky, p. 15) 1955-56- Soviet military equipment, armaments and specialists begin to appear in Afghanistan. 1963 - Nur Mohammad Taraki, Babrak Karma!, and others organize the United National Front of Afghanistan. 1965 - The People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDP A) is formed. Taraki becomes its general secretary, and Babrak Karma! secretary of the Central Committee. (Lyakhovsky, p. 17) Fall of 1966 - The PDP A is split into two factions, "Khalq" of Taraki and "Parcham" of Karma!. * This chronology was compiled by Malcolm Byrne and Vladislav Zubok with assistance from the staff of The National Security Archive. -
Lenin's Brain (Hoover Institution Press)
Chapter Twelve Invading Afghanistan Background On Christmas Day 1979, U.S. intelligence detected waves of Soviet military aircraft fl ying into Afghanistan. The next day, President Carter received a memo from his national security advisor outlining possible responses to a wide-scale Soviet intervention.1 On the night of December 27, Soviet KGB troops dressed in Afghan uniforms at- tacked the palace where Afghan president Amin was hiding, executed him, and occupied strategic locations throughout Kabul in a forty- fi ve- minute operation. A radio broadcast, purporting to be from Kabul but actually coming from Uzbekistan, announced that Amin’s execu- tion had been ordered by the Afghan People’s Revolutionary Council and that a new government headed by Soviet- loyalist Babrak Karmal had been formed. Soviet ground forces and paratroopers invaded the same evening, and within fi ve weeks, fi ve divisions were in place. So began the Soviet- Afghanistan war. The Soviet invasion set o! a fi restorm of protest and isolated the Soviet state. The 1980 Summer Olympics, which were to showcase Soviet achievements, were overshadowed by an international boycott. During the nine- year war, 620,000 Soviet troops served in Afghani- stan. Almost 15,000 were killed and 54,000 wounded. The USSR com- pleted its withdrawal of troops in February of 1989, leaving behind an Afghanistan that would be ravaged by civil war for another decade, 119 with the eventual victory of the Taliban. The Afghanistan war weak- ened the international prestige of the USSR, brought to life a human rights movement, and fi lled Soviet cities and towns with disenchanted veterans, many plagued by chronic illnesses or by drug abuse.2 This is the story behind the December 1979 invasion decision as told by the o"cial documents of the body that made the decision, the Politburo.3 The invasion was ordered by a Politburo of aging and ill leaders. -
A History of the Olympic Boycott of 1980
“Ours Will Not Go”: A History of the Olympic Boycott of 1980 Interviewer: Matt Petraites Interviewee: Glenn Mills Instructor: Mr. David Brandt 14 February 2012 Table of Contents Page Interviewer Release Form……………………………………………………………..2 Interviewee Release Form………………………………………………………….....3 Statement of Purpose………………………………………………………………….4 Biography……………………………………………………………………………..5 Historical Contextualization Paper……………………………………………………7 Interview Transcription………………………………………………………………19 Audio Time Indexing Log……………………………………………………………57 Interview Analysis……………………………………………………………………59 Works Consulted……………………………………………………………………..64 Appendix……………………………………………………………………………..68 Statement of Purpose The purpose of interviewing Glenn Mills, an Olympic swimmer, was to determine the impact of the 1980 Olympic boycott from the athlete’s perspective, and to determine the role politics play in the Olympics. Examining the boycott from an athlete’s perspective provides evidence as to how the boycott impacted the athletes. The interview also underscores how Glenn Mills was able to turn the boycott into something positive in his life. Biography Glenn Mills was born in Allentown, Pennsylvania on November 21, 1961; however, for the majority of his childhood he lived in North Ridgeville, Ohio. When Mr. Mills was young, one of his two older brothers, Kyle, was diagnosed with Osteogenic Sarcoma, more commonly known as bone cancer. Shortly after the diagnosis, Kyle died, which caused Mr. Mills to become more dedicated to swimming. Mr. Mills moved to Cincinnati, Ohio to train with a more superior swim team. Throughout his life Mr. Mills also lived in Tuscaloosa, Alabama; Cleveland, Ohio; New Paltz, New York; Stevensville, Maryland; and New York, New York. His time in Tuscaloosa was spent at the University of Alabama, where he earned a Bachelor’s Degree in Communications. Near the end of his senior year in high school, Mr. -
How the American 1980 Olympic Hockey Victory Restored Patriotism in America
Salve Regina University Digital Commons @ Salve Regina Pell Scholars and Senior Theses Salve's Dissertations and Theses 11-20-2017 Cold Upset: How the American 1980 Olympic Hockey Victory Restored Patriotism in America Samuel L. Chernakoff Salve Regina University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.salve.edu/pell_theses Part of the Cultural History Commons, Social History Commons, and the United States History Commons Chernakoff, Samuel L., "Cold Upset: How the American 1980 Olympic Hockey Victory Restored Patriotism in America" (2017). Pell Scholars and Senior Theses. 114. https://digitalcommons.salve.edu/pell_theses/114 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Salve's Dissertations and Theses at Digital Commons @ Salve Regina. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pell Scholars and Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Salve Regina. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Certain events transpire that are so significant, that most people recall exactly where they were and what they were doing when those events happened. This can be said about the 1980 Olympic hockey game between the Soviet Union and the United States. This event, which Al Michaels and many others today refer to as a miracle, is considered to be one of, if not the greatest upset in sports history. Occurring about eleven years prior to the complete fall of the Soviet Union, this victory was more than just a hockey victory, it was a victory for America. This win helped bring back hope into the hearts of the Americans, which they were lacking during the 1970s.