Book of Abstracts
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
REPORTS on RESEARCH PL9800669 6.1 the NA48
114 Annual Report 1996 I REPORTS ON RESEARCH PL9800669 6.1 The NA48 experiment on direct CP violation by A.Chlopik, Z.Guzik, J.Nassalski, E.Rondio, M.Szleper and W.WisIicki The NA48 experiment [1] was built and tested on the kaon beam at CERN. It aims to measure the effect of direct violation of the combined CP transformation in two-pion decays of neutral kaons with precision of 0.1 permille. To perform such a measurement beams of the long-lived and short-lived Ks are produced which decay in the common region of phase space. Decays of both kaons into charged and neutral pions are measured simultaneously. The Warsaw group contributed to the electronics of the data acquisition system, to the offline software and took part in the data taking during test runs in June and September 1996. The hardware contribution of the group consisted of design, prototype manufacturing, testing and production supervision of the data acquisition blocks: RIO Fiber Optics Links, Cluster Interconnectors and Clock Fanouts. These elements are described in a separate note of this report. We worked on the following software related issues: (i) reconstruction of data and Monte Carlo in the magnetic spectrometer consisting of four drift chambers, the bending magnet and the trigger hodoscope. Energy and momentum resolution and background sources were carefully studied, (ii) decoding and undecoding of the liquid kryptonium calorimeter data. This part of the equipment is crucial for the measurement of neutral decays, (iii) correlated Monte Carlo to use the same events to simulate KL and K^ decays and thus speed up simulation considerably. -
6.2 Transition Radiation
Contents I General introduction 9 1Preamble 11 2 Relevant publications 15 3 A first look at the formation length 21 4 Formation length 23 4.1Classicalformationlength..................... 24 4.1.1 A reduced wavelength distance from the electron to the photon ........................... 25 4.1.2 Ignorance of the exact location of emission . ....... 25 4.1.3 ‘Semi-bare’ electron . ................... 26 4.1.4 Field line picture of radiation . ............... 26 4.2Quantumformationlength..................... 28 II Interactions in amorphous targets 31 5 Bremsstrahlung 33 5.1Incoherentbremsstrahlung..................... 33 5.2Genericexperimentalsetup..................... 35 5.2.1 Detectors employed . ................... 35 5.3Expandedexperimentalsetup.................... 39 6 Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) effect 47 6.1 Formation length and LPM effect.................. 48 6.2 Transition radiation . ....................... 52 6.3 Dielectric suppression - the Ter-Mikaelian effect.......... 54 6.4CERNLPMExperiment...................... 55 6.5Resultsanddiscussion....................... 55 3 4 CONTENTS 6.5.1 Determination of ELPM ................... 56 6.5.2 Suppression and possible compensation . ........ 59 7 Very thin targets 61 7.1Theory................................ 62 7.1.1 Multiple scattering dominated transition radiation . .... 62 7.2MSDTRExperiment........................ 63 7.3Results................................ 64 8 Ternovskii-Shul’ga-Fomin (TSF) effect 67 8.1Theory................................ 67 8.1.1 Logarithmic thickness dependence -
Mayda M. VELASCO Northwestern University, Dept. of Physics And
Mayda M. VELASCO Northwestern University, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA Phone: Work: +1 847 467 7099 Cell: +1 847 571 3461 E-mail: [email protected] Last Updated: May 2016 Research Interest { High Energy Experimental Elementary Particle Physics: Work toward the understanding of fundamental interactions and its important role in: (a) solving the problem of CP violation in the Universe { Why is there more matter than anti- matter?; (b) explaning how mass is generated { Higgs mechanism and (c) finding the particle nature of Dark-Matter, if any... The required \new" physics phenomena is accessible at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). I am an active member of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) collaboration already collect- ing data at the LHC, that led to the discovery of the Higgs boson or \God particle" in 2012. Education: • Ph.D. 1995: Northwestern University (NU) Experimental Particle Physics • 1995: Sicily, Italy ERICE: Spin Structure of Nucleon • 1994: Sorento, Italy CERN Summer School • B.S. 1988: University of Puerto Rico (UPR) Physics (Major) and Math (Minor) Rio Piedras Campus Fellowships and Honors: • 2015: NU, The Graduate School (TGS) Dean's Faculty Award for Diversity. • 2008-09: Paid leave of absence sponsored by US Department of Energy (DOE). • 2002-04: Sloan Research Fellow from Sloan Foundation. • 2002-03: Woodrow Wilson Fellow from Mellon Foundation. • 1999: CERN Achievement Award { Post-doctoral. • 1996-98: CERN Fellowship with Experimental Physics Division { Post-doctoral. • 1989-1995: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory(FNAL)/URA Fellow { Doctoral. -
Sub Atomic Particles and Phy 009 Sub Atomic Particles and Developments in Cern Developments in Cern
1) Mahantesh L Chikkadesai 2) Ramakrishna R Pujari [email protected] [email protected] Mobile no: +919480780580 Mobile no: +917411812551 Phy 009 Sub atomic particles and Phy 009 Sub atomic particles and developments in cern developments in cern Electrical and Electronics Electrical and Electronics KLS’s Vishwanathrao deshpande rural KLS’s Vishwanathrao deshpande rural institute of technology institute of technology Haliyal, Uttar Kannada Haliyal, Uttar Kannada SUB ATOMIC PARTICLES AND DEVELOPMENTS IN CERN Abstract-This paper reviews past and present cosmic rays. Anderson discovered their existence; developments of sub atomic particles in CERN. It High-energy subato mic particles in the form gives the information of sub atomic particles and of cosmic rays continually rain down on the Earth’s deals with basic concepts of particle physics, atmosphere from outer space. classification and characteristics of them. Sub atomic More-unusual subatomic particles —such as particles also called elementary particle, any of various self-contained units of matter or energy that the positron, the antimatter counterpart of the are the fundamental constituents of all matter. All of electron—have been detected and characterized the known matter in the universe today is made up of in cosmic-ray interactions in the Earth’s elementary particles (quarks and leptons), held atmosphere. together by fundamental forces which are Quarks and electrons are some of the elementary represente d by the exchange of particles known as particles we study at CERN and in other gauge bosons. Standard model is the theory that laboratories. But physicists have found more of describes the role of these fundamental particles and these elementary particles in various experiments. -
In-Situ Gamma-Ray Background Measurements for Next Generation CDEX Experiment in the China Jinping Underground Laboratory a a a a ∗ a a A,B a H
In-situ gamma-ray background measurements for next generation CDEX experiment in the China Jinping Underground Laboratory a a a a < a a a,b a H. Ma , Z. She , W. H. Zeng , Z. Zeng , , M. K. Jing , Q. Yue , J. P. Cheng , J. L. Li and a H. Zhang aKey Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 bCollege of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 ARTICLEINFO ABSTRACT Keywords: In-situ -ray measurements were performed using a portable high purity germanium spectrometer in In-situ -ray measurements Hall-C at the second phase of the China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL-II) to characterise Environmental radioactivity the environmental radioactivity background below 3 MeV and provide ambient -ray background Underground laboratory parameters for next generation of China Dark Matter Experiment (CDEX). The integral count rate Rare event physics of the spectrum was 46.8 cps in the energy range of 60 to 2700 keV. Detection efficiencies of the CJPL spectrometer corresponding to concrete walls and surrounding air were obtained from numerical calculation and Monte Carlo simulation, respectively. The radioactivity concentrations of the walls 238 232 in the Hall-C were calculated to be 6:8 , 1:5 Bq/kg for U, 5:4 , 0:6 Bq/kg for Th, 81:9 , 14:3 40 Bq/kg for K. Based on the measurement results, the expected background rates from these primordial radionuclides of future CDEX experiment were simulated in unit of counts per keV per ton per year (cpkty) for the energy ranges of 2 to 4 keV and around 2 MeV. -
Possibilities for Underground Physics in the Pyh\" Asalmi Mine
CIPANP2018-Trzaska-374 October 3, 2018 Possibilities for Underground Physics in the Pyhasalmi mine W.H. Trzaska1, L. Bezrukov2, T. Enqvist1, J. Joutsenvaara3, P. Kuusiniemi1, K. Loo1, B. Lubsandorzhiev2, V. Sinev2, M. Slupecki1 1Department of Physics, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland 2Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 3Kerttu Saalasti Institute, University of Oulu, Finland The Pyhasalmi mine is uniquely suited to host new generation of large- scale underground experiments. It was chosen both by the LAGUNA- LBNO and by the LENA Collaboration as the preferred site for a giant neutrino observatory. Regrettably, none of these projects got funded. The termination of the underground excavations in the fall of 2019 marks an important milestone. To maintain the infrastructure in good condi- tion a new sponsor must be found: either a large-scale scientific project or a new commercial operation. The considered alternatives for the commer- cial use of the mine include a pumped-storage hydroelectricity plant and a high-security underground data-storage centre. Without a new sponsor the ongoing experiments, including the cosmic-ray experiment EMMA and the study of C14 content in liquid scintillators, have to be completed within the next few years. PRESENTED AT arXiv:1810.00909v1 [physics.ins-det] 1 Oct 2018 Thirteenth Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics (CIPANP2018) Palm Springs, CA, USA, May 28 - June 3, 2018 1 Introduction Earth's atmosphere is exposed to a steady flux of energetic particles known as cosmic rays [1]. Cosmic-ray interactions with nuclei in the atmosphere induce intense show- ers of secondary particles. -
Acoustic Detection of Neutrinos in Bedrock
EPJ Web of Conferences 216, 04009 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921604009 ARENA 2018 Acoustic detection of neutrinos in bedrock Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska1,, Kai Loo1, Timo Enqvist1, Jari Joutsenvaara2, Pasi Kuusiniemi1, and Maciej Slupecki1 1Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, Finland 2Kerttu Saalasti Institute, University of Oulu, Finland Abstract. We propose to utilize bedrock as a medium for acoustic detection of particle showers following interactions of ultra-high energy neutrinos. With the density of rock three-times larger and the speed of sound four-times larger compared to water, the ampli- tude of the generated bipolar pressure pulse in rock should be larger by an order of mag- nitude. Our preliminary simulations confirm that prediction. Higher density of rock also guarantees higher interaction rate for neutrinos. A noticeably longer attenuation length in rock reduces signal dissipation. The Pyhäsalmi mine has a unique infrastructure and rock conditions to test this idea and, if successful, extend it to a full-size experiment. 1 Introduction The pioneering 1957 paper by G.A. Askariyan [1] has outlined a mechanism converting energy de- posited by an ionising particle stopping in a liquid into a hydrodynamic pressure-wave. One of the widely investigated applications of this phenomenon is the search for the characteristic bipolar pres- sure pulses (BIP; see Fig. (1)) induced by cascades following interaction of ultra-high energy neutri- nos (E 1018 eV) with water or ice. These two target materials are the only ones currently used or ≥ intended for the future deployment of acoustic sensors. At some point salt domes and sub-arctic per- mafrost were also discussed as a possible detection material, but no large-scale measurements were attempted. -
IUPAP Report 41A
IUPAP Report 41a A Report on Deep Underground Research Facilities Worldwide (updated version of August 8, 2018) Table of Contents INTRODUCTION 3 SNOLAB 4 SURF: Sanford Underground Research Facility 10 ANDES: AGUA NEGRA DEEP EXPERIMENT SITE 16 BOULBY UNDERGROUND LABORATORY 18 LSM: LABORATOIRE SOUTERRAIN DE MODANE 21 LSC: LABORATORIO SUBTERRANEO DE CANFRANC 23 LNGS: LABORATORI NAZIONALI DEL GRAN SASSO 26 CALLIO LAB 29 BNO: BAKSAN NEUTRINO OBSERVATORY 34 INO: INDIA BASED NEUTRINO OBSERVATORY 41 CJPL: CHINA JINPING UNDERGROUND LABORATORY 43 Y2L: YANGYANG UNDERGROUND LABORATORY 45 IBS ASTROPHYSICS RESEARCH FACILITY 48 KAMIOKA OBSERVATORY 50 SUPL: STAWELL UNDERGROUND PHYSICS LABORATORY 53 - 2 - __________________________________________________INTRODUCTION LABORATORY ENTRIES BY GEOGRAPHICAL REGION Deep Underground Laboratories and their associated infrastructures are indicated on the following map. These laboratories offer low background radiation for sensitive detection systems with an external users group for research in nuclear physics, astroparticle physics, and dark matter. The individual entries on the Deep Underground Laboratories are primarily the responses obtained through a questionnaire that was circulated. In a few cases, entries were taken from the public information supplied on the lab’s website. The information was provided on a voluntary basis and not all laboratories included in this list have completed construction, as a result, there are some unavoidable gaps. - 3 - ________________________________________________________SNOLAB (CANADA) SNOLAB 1039 Regional Road 24, Creighton Mine #9, Lively ON Canada P3Y 1N2 Telephone: 705-692-7000 Facsimile: 705-692-7001 Email: [email protected] Website: www.snolab.ca Oversight and governance of the SNOLAB facility and the operational management is through the SNOLAB Institute Board of Directors, whose member institutions are Carleton University, Laurentian University, Queen’s University, University of Alberta and the Université de Montréal. -
New NEMESIS Results Pos(ICRC2021)514 for WIMP 2 Mass Range
ICRC 2021 THE ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS CONFERENCE ONLINE ICRC 2021Berlin | Germany THE ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS CONFERENCE th Berlin37 International| Germany Cosmic Ray Conference 12–23 July 2021 New NEMESIS Results W. H. Trzaska,0,∗ T. Enqvist,0 K. Jedrzejczak,1 J. Joutsenvaara,3 M. Kasztelan,1 PoS(ICRC2021)514 O. Kotavaara,3 P. Kuusiniemi,0 K. K. Loo, 5 J. Orzechowski,1 J. Puputti,3 A. Sobkow,1 M. Slupecki,4 J. Szabelski,1 I. Usoskin2 and T. E. Ward6,ℎ 0Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland 1Cosmic Ray Laboratory, National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), 28 Pułku Strzelców Kaniowskich 69, 90-558 Łódź, Poland 2University of Oulu, Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, P.O. Box 3000, FIN-99600 Sodankylä, Finland 3University of Oulu, Kerttu Saalasti Institute, Pajatie 5, 85500 Nivala, Finland 4Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), P.O. Box 64, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland 5 Institut für Physik (IPH), Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz (JGU), Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany 6Office of Nuclear Energy, DOE 1000 Independence Ave., SW, Washington, D.C., 20585, United States ℎTechSource, Santa Fe, NM, United States E-mail: [email protected] Preliminary results from a 349-day run (live time) with a 565 kg Pb target and a 166-day background measurement are presented. Three minor anomalies were detected in muon-suppressed neutron multiplicity spectra. The multiplicities of these small excesses match the outcome of an earlier, similar but independent measurement. The nature of the anomalies remains unclear, but, in principle, they may be a signature of self-annihilation of a Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) with a mass around 10 GeV/c2. -
Results on Direct CP Violation from NA48 1 Introduction
Results on Direct CP Violation from NA48 Giles Barr NA48 Collaboration CERN, Geneva, Switzerland 1 Introduction A long-standing question in high energy physics has been the origin of the phe- nomenon of CP violation. CP violation was first observed in the decay KL → + − 0 0 π π [1]. Effects have subsequently been found in KL → π π [2], the charge ± ∓ ± ∓ + − asymmetry of KL → e π ν (Ke3) [3] and KL → µ π ν (Kµ3) [4], KL → π π γ [5] and most recently in KL → ππee [6]. All of these effects can be explained by applying a single CP violating effect in the mixing between K0 and K0 which pro- ceeds through the box Feynman diagram and are characterized by the parameter ε. A second form of CP violation with different characteristics can also be in- vestigated in the decay of the neutral K-mesons. The CP =−1 kaon state (the K2) can decay directly into a 2π final state without first mixing into a kaon with CP =+1. This effect, referred to as direct CP violation, may proceed by the pen- guin Feynman diagram, and is characterized by the parameter ε. The measured quantity is the double ratio of the decay widths, which, in the NA48 experiment is equivalent to the double ratio of four event-counts Γ (K → π 0π 0)/ Γ (K → π 0π 0) R ≡ L S + − + − Γ (KL → π π )/ Γ (KS → π π ) N(K → π 0π 0)/ N(K → π 0π 0) = L S (1) + − + − N(KL → π π )/ N(KS → π π ) 1 − 6Re(ε/ε). -
Cerncourier Www
CERN Courier March 2014 CERN Courier March 2014 60 years of CERN 60 years of CERN Microelectronics at CERN: from infancy to maturity The LAA The LAA programme, proposed by Antonino Zichichi and fi nanced by the Italian government, was launched as a comprehensive R&D project to study new experimental techniques for the next step in hadron-collider physics at multi-tera-electron-volt energies. The project provided a unique opportunity for Europe to take a leading role in advanced technology for high-energy physics. It was open to all physicists and engineers interested in participating. A total of 40 physicists, engineers and technicians were recruited, and more than 80 associates joined the programme. Later in the 1990s, during the operation of LEP for physics, the programme was complemented by the activities overseen by CERN’s Detector R&D Committee. years 1984–1985 Heijne was seconded to the University of Leuven, where the microelectronics research facility had just become the Interuniversity MicroElectronics Centre (IMEC). It soon became apparent that CMOS technology was the way ahead, and the expe- rience with IMEC led to Jarron’s design of the AMPLEX. (Earlier, in 1983, a collaboration between SLAC, Stanford Uni- versity Integrated Circuits Laboratory, the University of Hawaii and Bernard Hyams from CERN had already initiated the design of Two decades of microelectronics at CERN – enabled by the LAA project. In 1988, the AMPLEX multiplexed read-out chip (top left) allowed UA2 to fi t a silicon-pad detector (bottom left) in the 9 mm gap around the beam the “Microplex” – a silicon-microstrip detector read-out chip using pipe (Image credit: C Gößling, TU Dortmund). -
Future Perspectives at CERN 3 Unprecedented Accuracy
Future Perspectives at CERN John Ellis1 Theoretical Physics Division, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland Abstract. Current and future experiments at CERN are reviewed,with emphasis on those relevant to astrophysics and cosmology. These include experiments related to nuclear astrophysics, matter-antimatter asymmetry, dark matter, axions, gravitational waves, cosmic rays, neutrino oscillations, inflation, neutron stars and the quark-gluon plasma. The centrepiece of CERN’s future programme is the LHC, but some ideas for perspectives after the LHC are also presented. CERN-TH/2002-119 astro-ph/0206054 Talk given at the CERN-ESA-ESO Symposium, M¨unchen, April 2002 1 Outline The scientific mission of CERN is to provide Europe with unique accelerators for the study of the fundamental particles of matter and the interactions between them. The scientific programme of CERN for the next decade is centred on the LHC accelerator, which is scheduled for completion in 2006, so that its experi- ments can start taking in 2007. A description of the LHC scientific programme is the centrepiece of this talk. The motivations for this and other new accelera- tors provided by ideas about possible physics beyond the Standard Model were discussed earlier at this meeting [1]. Between now and the startup of the LHC, CERN has a very limited pro- gramme of running experiments. However, scientific diversity at CERN is en- hanced by a number of recognized experiments, that do not use the CERN ac- celerators and are not supported by CERN, but whose scientists are allowed to use other CERN facilities. In parallel with the construction of the LHC, CERN arXiv:astro-ph/0206054v1 4 Jun 2002 is also preparing to send a long-baseline neutrino beam to the Gran Sasso under- ground laboratory in Italy, in a special programme largely supported by extra contributions from interested countries.