Bibliography Selected Works Related to the History of Co-operatives compiled by Brett Fairbarin

PART I

Works marked with an asterisk (*) are especially useful.

General, International, and Miscellaneous Works

- Journals

* Review of International Co-operation (good, short pieces on co-operatives in various countries – historical, contemporary, opinion)

* Annals of Public and Co-operative Economy

* Journal of Agricultural Co-operation (U.S.)

* American Cooperation (yearbook)

* Agricultural History (has occasional useful articles)

* Coopératives et Développement (Quebec; has some English-language articles) (1999 renamed Économie et Solidarités)

Abbott, John Cave. Agricultural Marketing Enterprises for the Developing World: With Case Studies of Indigenous Private, Transnational, Cooperative, and Parastatal Enterprise. Cambridge, 1987.

*Attwood, D.W., and Baviskar, B.S. (eds.) Who Shares? Co-operatives and Rural Development. Delhi, 1988. (Good anthology with contributions on Asia, Africa, and Latin America.)

Baker, Jacob. Cooperative Enterprise. New York, 1937. (dated but good on European co-operatives in this period)

Bekkum, Onno-Frank van, and Gert van Dijk (eds.). Agricultural Co-operatives in the European Union: Trends and Issues on the Eve of the 21st Century. Assen, Netherlands, 1997.

Benecke, Dieter W. Cooperation and Development. Role of Cooperative Societies in Developing Countries. Mainz, 1972. (Source is now dated but could be used to illustrate the attitude of the time.)

*Birchall, Johnston. The International Co-operative Movement. Manchester, 1997.

*Brazda, J. , and R. Schediwy (eds.). Consumer Co-operatives in a Changing World. Geneva, 1989.

*Cobia, David W. (ed.). Cooperatives in Agriculture. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1989. (Has chapters on nonagricultural co-ops, international statistics.)

*Craig, John G. The Nature of Co-operation. Montreal, 1993.

*Develtere, Patrick. “Co-operatives and Development: Towards a Social Movement Perspective,” Centre for the Study of Co-operatives Occasional Paper #92 - 03. (Highly useful conceptual and statistical overview of co-operatives in developing countries.)

-----. (The same author’s book, Co-operation and Development, Leuven, 1994, is useful but hard to find.)

Digby, M. Agricultural Co-operation in the Commonwealth. Oxford, 1951. (A survey of co-operative development up to the end of colonialism.)

Digby, Margaret. The World Co-operative Movement. London, 1960.

*Egerstrom, Lee, Pieter Bos, and Gert Van Dijk (eds.). Seizing Control: The International Market Power of Cooperatives. Rochester, 1996.

Enriquez, C.G. (ed.). Cooperatives in Third World Development. Workshops on Basic Issues and Case Studies. Antigonish, 1986.

Fairbairn, B. et al., Co-operatives and Community Development: Economics in Social Perspective. Saskatoon, 1991.

Fairbairn, B. “Co-operatives and Globalization: Market-driven Change and the Origins of Co-operatives in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries,” in CASC 1991 Yearbook: Globalization and Relevance of Co-operatives, ed. David Gartrell and Byron Henderson (Saskatoon, n.d.), pp. 42-70.

Fay, C.R. Co-operation at Home and Abroad. London, 1908 and 1939, 2 vols. (a detailed source for early developments in Europe)

Foxall, Gordon. Co-operative Marketing in European Agriculture. Hants., G.B., 1982. (a contemporary factual/statistical survey)

Fulton, Murray E. (ed.). Co-operative Organizations and Canadian Society: Popular Institutions and the Dilemmas of Change. Toronto, 1990.

*Furlough, Ellen, and Carl Strikwerda (eds.). Consumers against Capitalism? Consumer Cooperation in Europe, North America, and Japan, 1840-1990. Lanham etc., 1999.

*Kitching, G. Development and Underdevelopment in Historical Perspective. Populism, Nationalism and Industrialization. London/New York, 1982.

Report of the Inquiry on Cooperative Enterprise in Europe. Washington, 1937.

*Infield, Henrik F. Utopia and Experiment. Essays in the Sociology of Co- operation.

*International Joint Project on Co-operative Democracy. Making Membership Meaningful: Participatory Democracy in Co-operatives. Saskatoon, 1995.

Konopnicki, M. “Agricultural Co-operation and the State,” in Annals of Public and Co-operative Economy 46, 2 (June 1975), pp. 163-186.

*MacPherson, Ian. Hands Around the Globe: A History of the International Credit Union Movement and the Role and Development of World Council of Credit Unions, Inc. Victoria, B.C., 1999.

*Moody, J. Carroll, and Fite, Gilbert C. The Credit Union Movement. Origins and Development 1850-1980. Second edition, Dubuque, Iowa, 1984. (Has a few pages on the international credit union movement.)

*Nash, June, et al. (eds.). Popular Participation in Social Change. Cooperatives, Collectives and Nationalized Industry. The Hague/Paris, 1976. (On developing countries.)

Obern, Catheryn C., and Jones, Steven D. “Critical Factors Affecting Agricultural Production Co-operatives. A Review,” in Annals of Public and Co-operative Economy 52, 3 (Sept. 1981).

*Ralph Nader Task Force on European Cooperatives, Making Change? Learning from Europe’s Consumer Cooperatives. Washington, 1985.

Rhodes, Rita. The International Co-operative Alliance During War and Peace, 1910-1950. Geneva, 1995.

Shaffer, Jack. Historical Dictionary of the Cooperative movement. London, 1999.

*Tracy, M. Agriculture in Western Europe. Challenge and Response, 1880-1980. Second edition, London etc., 1982. (Note sections on agricultural development in Denmark and other countries.) van Dooren, Pierre J. “The Viability of Agricultural Production Cooperatives,” in Annals of Public and Co-operative Economy 53, 1 (March 1982).

Valko, Laszlo. Essays on Modern Co-operation.

Watkins, W.P. The International Co-operative Alliance, 1895-1970.

Wolff, Henry W. People's Banks: A Record of Social and Economic Success. London, 1910.

Co-operative Thinkers, Philosophy and Values

*Beecher, Jonathan. Charles Fourier. The Visionary and His World. Berkeley, 1986.

Böök, Sven Åke. “Co-operative Development and Co-operative Values,” in Review of International Co-operation 81,2 (June 1988), pp. 61-70.

Böök, Sven Åke. Co-operative Values in a Changing World: Report to the ICA Congress, Tokyo, October 1992, ed. Margaret Prickett and Mary Treacy. Geneva, 1992.

Fairbairn, B. The Meaning of Rochdale: The Rochdale Pioneers and the Co- operative Principles. Centre for the Study of Co-operatives Occasional Paper #94-02. Saskatoon, 1994.

Gide, Charles. Consumers’ Co-operative Societies.

Harvey, Rowland Hill. Robert Owen, Social Idealist.

Horvat, Branko, Mihailo Markovic, and Rudi Supek (eds.). Self-Governing Socialism. A Reader (selections from Owen, Blanc, Proudhon).

*Lambert, Paul. Studies in the Social Philosophy of Co-operation. Manchester etc., 1963.

*Melnyk, George. The Search for Community. From Utopia to a Co-operative Society.

Poisson, Ernest. The Co-operative Republic, trans. W.P. Watkins. Manchester, 1925.

Rhodes, Rita. “Past Debates in the ICA: 1930s Debate on Co-operative Principles,” in Review of International Co-operation 84,1 (1991), pp. 19-24.

Spencer, M.C. Charles Fourier.

Warbasse, James Peter. What is Cooperation? A Discussion of the Consumers’ Cooperative Movement, Its Principles, Methods, and Accomplishments. New York, 1927.

*Watkins, W.P. Co-operative Principles Today and Tomorrow. Manchester, 1986.

On co-operative principles, see also Review of International co-operation 85,4 (1992); and 87, 3 (1994), article by Ian MacPherson. Then see the conference reports in the same publication concerning the 1995 congress of the International Co-operative Alliance in Manchester, and the statement of co- operative values and identity adopted there.

Britain (does not include Ireland)

*Backstrom, Philip. Christian Socialism and Co-operation in Victorian England. London, 1974.

*Bonner, Arnold. British Co-operation. Manchester, 1961.

Brown, Kenneth. The English Labor Movement: 1750-1951. New York, 1982. (general history, not specifically on co-operatives)

Butt, John (ed.). Robert Owen, Prince of Cotton Spinners: A Symposium. Newton Abbott, 1971

*Cole, G.D.H. A Century of Co-operation. Manchester, 1944.

Co-operative Independent Commission Report, 1958.

Fairbairn, B. The Meaning of Rochdale: The Rochdale Pioneers and the Co- operative Principles. Centre for the Study of Co-operatives Occasional Paper #94-02. Saskatoon, 1994.

*Gaffin, Jean, and Thoms, David. Caring and Sharing. The Centenary History of the Co-operative Women's Guild. Manchester, 1983.

*Garnett, R.G. Co-operation and the Owenite Socialist Communities in Britain, 1825-1845.

Gosden, P.H.J.H. Friendly Societies in England, 1815-1874. Manchester, 1961.

Gosden, P.H.J.H. Self Help Voluntary Associations in Nineteenth Century Britain. London, 1973.

*Gurney, Peter. Co-operative Culture and the Politics of Consumption in England, 1870-1930. Manchester, 1996.

Hall, F., and W.P. Watkins. Co-operation: A Survey of the History, Principles, and Organisation of the Co-operative Movement in Great Britain and Ireland. Manchester, 1937.

Harrison, J.F.C. Learning and Living, 1790-1960.

*Harrison, J.F.C. Robert Owen and the Owenites in Britain and America.

Holyoake, G. The History of Co-operation in England, 2 vols.

Hough, John A. Co-operative Retailing 1914-45. A Statistical Analysis of the Development of Retailing in the British Co-operative Movement.

Johnson, Richard. “‘Really Useful Knowledge’: Radical Education and Working- Class Culture 1790-1848,” in John Clarke et al (eds.), Working Class Culture. Studies in History and Theory.

Killingback, Neil. “Limits to Mutuality: Economic and Political Attacks on Co- operation during the 1920s and 1930s,” in Stephen Yeo (ed.), New Views of Co- operation (London: Routledge, 1988), pp. 207-228.

Knapp, J.G. An Analysis of Agricultural Co-operation in England. London, 1965.

Lancaster, Bill. Radicalism, Cooperation and Socialism: Leicester Working-Class Politics, 1860-1906. Leicester, 1987.

*Mercer, T.W. Co-operation’s Prophet. The Life and Letters of Dr. William King of Brighton.

Morley, John. British Agricultural Cooperatives. London, 1975.

Musson, A.E. “The Ideology of Early Co-operation in Lancashire and Cheshire,” in Musson, Trade Union and Social History.

*Ostergaard, G.N., and Halsey, A.H. Power in Co-operatives. Oxford, 1965.

Pollard, Sidney, and Salt, John (eds.). Robert Owen, Prophet of the Poor.

Redfern, Percy. The New History of the C.W.S.

Rhodes, G.W. Co-operative - Labour Relations, 1900-1962.

Rule, John. The Labouring Classes in Early Industrial England, 1750-1850 . London, 1986 (general history, not specifically on co-operatives)

Thompson, David J. Weavers of Dreams: Founders of the Modern Co-operative Movement. Davis, Calif., 1994. (An “official” view of the history of the Rochdale Pioneers on the occasion of their 150th anniversary.)

*Thompson, E.P. The Making of the English Working Class. Harmondsworth, U.K., 1980. (not much on co-ops except the last chapter on Owenism, but the classic work on how British workers built their own social and political movements)

Webb, Sidney, and Webb, Beatrice. The Consumers' Co-operative Movement.

Whyatt, Anna, and Rhona Howarth. “The Status and Role of Women in Co- operatives in Great Britain,” Coopératives et Développement 17, 1 (1985-86), pp. 117-123.

*Yeo, Stephen (ed.). New Views of Co-operation. London, 1988.

Western and Southern Europe

*Anderson, R.A. With Horace Plunkett in Ireland: The Co-operative Organizer’s Story. London, 1935, reprinted 1983.

*Beecher, Jonathan. Charles Fourier. The Visionary and His World. Berkeley, 1986.

Bell, J. “An Agricultural Cooperative in County Donegal, Ireland.” Peasant Studies 10,3 (1983), pp. 191-211.

Bermeo, Nancy G. The Revolution Within the Revolution: Workers’ Control in Rural Portugal. Princeton, 1986.

*Bolger, Patrick. The Irish Co-operative Movement: Its History and Development. Dublin, 1977.

*Delgoff, Sam (ed.) The Anarchist Collectives: Workers’ Self-Management in the Spanish Revolution, 1936-1939. Montreal:, 1974.

“Development and Structure of the Co-operative Movement in Italy,” in IRU Courier Dec. 1987, pp. 13-18.

*Earle, John. The Italian Cooperative Movement: A Portrait of the Lega Nazionale delle Cooperative e Mutue. London, 1986.

*Furlough, Ellen. Consumer Cooperation in France: The Politics of Consumption, 1834-1930. Ithaca, N.Y., 1991.

*Gide, Charles. Consumers’ Co-operative Societies.

Gorst, P.G. “Agricultural Co-operation in the Irish Republic,” Yearbook of Agricultural Co-operation 1960, pp. 1-48.

Gueslin, André. Histoire des crédits agricoles. 2 vols. Paris, 1984.

Gutierrez-Johnson, Ana. “The Mondragon System of Worker Production Cooperatives,” Industrial and Labor Relations Review 31,1 (1977)

*Johnson, Christopher H. Utopian Communism in France: Cabet and the Icarians, 1839-51. Ithaca, N.Y., 1974.

Keating, Carla (ed.). Plunkett and Co-operatives: Past, Present and Future. Cork, 1983.

Lloyd, E.A. The Co-operative Movement in Italy. London, 1925.

*McLeary, M.C. Peasants, Politicians and Producers: The Organization of Agriculture in France since 1918. Cambridge, 1989.

Moss, Bernard H. The Origins of the French Labor Movement 1830-1914: The Socialism of Skilled Workers. Berkeley 1976. (Chapter 2 on the tradition of associationism among French workers, pp.31-70.)

Moulin, Annie. Peasantry and Society in France since 1789. Cambridge, 1991. (Has passages on government policy and co-operative development.)

Plunkett, Horace. Ireland in the New Century. Dublin, 1983.

*Putnam, Robert D. Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton, 1993. (co-operatives one aspect in an interesting argument about civil society and social capital)

The Ralph Nader Task Force on European Cooperatives. Making Change? Learning from Europe’s Consumer Cooperatives. Washington D.C., 1985. (Switzerland, Italy, etc.)

Sheridan, George J. Jr. “The Lyon Cooperative Movement as Ideology, 1830- 1870.” In Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Meeting of the Western Society for French History (1981).

Smith-Gordon, L., and Staples, L.C. Rural Reconstruction in Ireland. A Record of Co-operative Organization. New Haven, 1919.

Spencer, M.C. Charles Fourier.

Tombs, Robert, “Harbingers or Entrepreneurs? A Workers’ Cooperative During the Paris Commune,” in Historical Journal 1984.

*West, Trevor. Horace Plunkett: Co-operation and Politics, an Irish Biography. Washington, D.C., 1986.

*Whyte, William Foote, and Whyte, Kathleen King. Making Mondragon: The Growth and Dynamics of the Worker Cooperative Complex. New York, 1988.

Central and Eastern Europe

Antsiferov, Alexis. The Cooperative Movement in Russia During the War: Consumers’ Cooperation. New Haven, 1929.

Baker, Anita B. “Community and Growth: Muddling Through with Russian Credit Cooperatives.” Journal of Economic History 37, 1 (1977), pp. 139-160.

Baker, Jacob. Cooperative Enterprise. New York, 1937. (Has good sections, for example, on Czechoslovakia and on Scandinavian countries).

Balawyder, A. (ed.). Cooperative Movements in Eastern Europe. London, 1980.

Bernstein, Eduard. Ferdinand Lassalle as a Social Reformer. London, 1893.

Blanc, Elsie T. Co-operative Movement in Russia. New York, 1924. (General history in the period of WWI, Bolshevism, the NEP.)

Cassau, Theodor. The Consumers’ Cooperative Movement in Germany. London 1925.

Central Co-operative Council, Prague. The Czechoslovak Co-operative Achievement. Prague, 1965. (Official view of Communist co-operatives.)

Cujes, Rudolf. Slovenia: Land of Cooperators. Willowdale, Ont., 1985.

Eisen, Andreas, and Konrad Hagedorn (eds.). Co-operatives in Central and Eastern Europe: Selfhelp in Structural Change. Berlin, 1998. (On the role of co- operatives in the transition from Communism to capitalism.)

Fairbairn, B. “Co-operative Values and the Cold War: The Rebuilding and Undermining of the German Consumer Movement, 1945-1955.” Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 71,4 (December 2000), pp. 637-663.

Fairbairn, B. “Community, Class, and Co-operation: Ideology and Co-operative Development in Germany, 1848-1914,” in CASC 1992 Yearbook: Globalization and Relevance of Co-operatives, ed. Marie Bouchard and Byron Henderson (Saskatoon: Centre for the Study of Co-operatives, forthcoming 1994).

Gellately, Robert. The Politics of Economic Despair: Shopkeepers and German Politics 1890-1914.

Hach, Václav, and Trnka, Miloslav. Czechoslovak Agricultural Co-operative Movement. Prague, 1962. (On co-operatives under Communism.)

Hasselbach, Walter. Public, Trade Union and Cooperative Enterprise in Germany.

Hasselmann, Erwin. Consumers’ Co-operation in Germany.

Held, J. (ed.). The Modernization of Agriculture: Rural Transformation in Hungary, 1848-1975. Boulder, CO, 1980. (esp. Part II, “The Age of Preparation” by Antal Voros, Chap. III. on “The Development of New Life Styles and of a New Mentality,” pp. 91-129)

Johansson, T. “Raiffeisen — The Man and the Co-operator,” in Co-operatives To- day (Selected Essays from Various Fields of Co-operative Activities, A Tribute to Prof. dr. V. Laakkonen). Geneva, 1986.

Jones, Anthony, and William Moskoff. Ko-ops: The Rebirth of Entrepreneurship in the Soviet Union. Bloomington, Indiana, 1991.

Juhász, János. “The Role of Cooperatives in a Socialist Economy. The Hungarian Case.” Review of International Co-operation 77, 2 (1984), pp. 18-22.

Juhász, János (ed.) Statistical Survey of the Hungarian Co-operative Movement (1949-1972). Budapest, 1973. (On co-operatives under Communism.)

J.M. Kirschbaum, “The Cooperative Movement in Slovakia, 1845-1948,” in Aloysius Balawyder (ed.), Cooperative Movements in Eastern Europe (London: Macmillan, 1980), pp. 23-48.

Kleiss, Herbert. “100 Years Raiffeisen in Austria,” in IRU Courier 1986, 2 (August), pp. 10-15.

Korp, Andreas. “Co-operative Self-Help in Austria,” in Review of International Co- operation 59, 5 (Sept. 1966), pp. 217-224.

*Kotsonis, Yanni. Making Peasants Backward: Agricultural Cooperatives and the Agrarian Question in Russia, 1861-1914. London, 1999.

Moeller, Robert G. German Peasants and Agrarian Politics, 1914-1924. The Rhineland and Westphalia. Chapel Hill N.C., 1986. (Introductory chapter has a historical review of late 19th/early 20th-century developments, including co- operatives)

Morgan, O.S. (ed.). Agricultural Systems of Middle Europe. A Symposium. New York, 1933. (A valuable source, especially for eastern European countries on which information is scarce — bear in mind when it was written and that the contributors were mostly government officials of one kind or another.)

Obradovic, Josip, and Dunn, William N. (eds.) Workers’ Self-Management and Organizational Power in Yugoslavia. Pittsburgh, 1978.

*Peal, David. “Self-Help and the State: Rural Cooperatives in Imperial Germany,” in Central European History 21, 3 (1988).

Petkovic, Luka. “Forming of Co-operatives in Yugoslavia Towards the End of the Nineteenth and Beginning of the Twentieth Century,” in Review of International Co-operation, 77, 3/4 (1984), pp. 35-39.

*The Ralph Nader Task Force on European Cooperatives. Making Change? Learning from Europe’s Consumer Cooperatives. Washington D.C., 1985. (Germany, Scandinavia)

Reinthaler, Franz. “The Raiffeisen Organizations in Austria. Growth and Present Position of Rural Cooperation in Austria.” Review of International Co-operation 59, 5 (Sept. 1966), pp. 231-234.

Salzman, Catherine. “Consumer Cooperative Societies in Russia, Goals versus Gains 1900-1918,” in Cahiers du monde russe et soviétique 23, 3-4 (1982), pp. 351-362.

Sheehan, James J. German Liberalism in the Nineteenth Century. Chicago, 1978. (pp. 79-108 on left liberalism and Schulze-Delitzsch)

Szirmai, Jenö. “Cooperative Movement in Hungary,” in Review of International Co-operation 60, 2 (Mar. 1967), pp. 66-75.

Wolff, Henry W. People's Banks: A Record of Social and Economic Success. London, 1910. (esp. parts on Schulze-Delitzsch and Raiffeisen)

Wülker, Hans-Detlef, “Co-operative Self-Help in the Federal Republic of Germany,” two parts, in IRU Courier 1986, 1 (April), pp. 5-10, and 1986, 2 (August), pp. 4-9.

Northern Europe

Ames, J.W. Without Boundaries: Co-operative Sweden Today — and Tomorrow. Manchester, 1971.

*Böök, Sven-Åke, and Tore Johansson. The Co-operative Movement in Sweden: Past, Present — the Future, transl. Katherine Stuart. Stockholm, 1988. (The best book on Swedish co-op history.)

Childs, Marquis W. Sweden. The Middle Way.

Ekelund, Finn. “Co-operatives and Social Democracy: Elements of the Norwegian Case” (Centre for the Study of Co-operatives Occasional Paper 86-02).

Gran, Odd. “Norwegian Agricultural Cooperatives,” in Review of International Co- operation 77, 1 (1984), pp. 10-13.

Grimley, O.B. Co-operatives in Norway. Oslo, 1950.

Hertel, Hans. Co-operation in Danish Agriculture. London, 1918.

Howe, Frederic C. Denmark: The Coöperative Way. New York, 1936.

Johansson, Tore. “History of the Co-operative Movement in Sweden,” in Review of International Co-operation 81, 1 (May 1988), pp. 7-15.

Korsell, Harald, “A Survey of the Consumer’s Co-operative Movement in Norway,” Review of International Co-operation 77,1 (1984).

Lundberg, W.T. Consumer Owned: Sweden's Co-operative Democracy.

Milner, Henry. Sweden: Social Democracy in Practice. Oxford, 1989.

Odhe, Thorsten. Finland: A Nation of Co-operators, transl. John Downie. London, 1931.

Odhe, Thorsten. Iceland: The Co-operative Island. Chicago 1960.

Odhe, Thorsten. Scandinavian Co-operative Wholesale Society 1918-1958.

Örne, Anders. Co-operative Ideals and Problems.

Ovesin, Liv. Consumers’ Co-operation in Norway.

Pestoff, Victor A. Between Markets and Politics: Co-operatives in Sweden. Frankfurt a.M/ Boulder, CO, 1991.

*The Ralph Nader Task Force on European Cooperatives. Making Change? Learning from Europe’s Consumer Cooperatives. Washington D.C., 1985. (Germany, Scandinavia)

Riis, Otto. “Danish Consumer Cooperation 1866-1966,” in Review of International Co-operation 59, 3 (May 1966), pp. 139-142.

Sanchez, Carlos C. Agricultural Co-operation in Sweden. Oxford, 1984.

Smith-Gordon, Lionel, and O'Brien, Cruise. Co-operation in Denmark. Manchester, 1919.

PART II

General, International, and Miscellaneous Works (generally excluding Europe)

- Journals:

* Review of International Co-operation (good, short pieces on co-operatives in various countries – historical, contemporary, opinion)

* Annals of Public and Co-operative Economy

* Journal of Agricultural Co-operation (U.S.)

* American Cooperation (yearbook)

* Agricultural History (has occasional useful articles)

* Coopératives et Développement (Quebec; has some English-language articles) (1999 renamed Économie et Solidarités)

Abbott, John Cave. Agricultural Marketing Enterprises for the Developing World: With Case Studies of Indigenous Private, Transnational, Cooperative, and Parastatal Enterprise. Cambridge, 1987.

*Attwood, D.W., and Baviskar, B.S. (eds.) Who Shares? Co-operatives and Rural Development. Delhi, 1988. (Good anthology with contributions on Asia, Africa, and Latin America.)

Benecke, Dieter W. Cooperation and Development. Role of Cooperative Societies in Developing Countries. Mainz, 1972. (Source is now dated but could be used to illustrate the attitude of the time.)

*Birchall, Johnston. The International Co-operative Movement. Manchester, 1997.

*Brazda, J. , and R. Schediwy (eds.). Consumer Co-operatives in a Changing World. Geneva, 1989.

*Cobia, David W. (ed.). Cooperatives in Agriculture. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1989. (Has chapters on nonagricultural co-ops, international statistics.)

*Craig, John G. The Nature of Co-operation. Montreal, 1993.

*Develtere, Patrick. “Co-operatives and Development: Towards a Social Movement Perspective,” Centre for the Study of Co-operatives Occasional Paper #92 - 03. (Highly useful conceptual and statistical overview of co-operatives in developing countries.)

-----. (The same author’s book, Co-operation and Development, Leuven, 1994, is useful but hard to find.)

Digby, M. Agricultural Co-operation in the Commonwealth. Oxford, 1951. (A survey of co-operative development up to the end of colonialism.)

Digby, Margaret. The World Co-operative Movement. London, 1960.

Enriquez, C.G. (ed.). Cooperatives in Third World Development. Workshops on Basic Issues and Case Studies. Antigonish, 1986.

Fairbairn, Brett et al., Co-operatives and Community Development: Economics in Social Perspective. Saskatoon, 1991.

Fairbairn, Brett. “Co-operatives and Globalization: Market-driven Change and the Origins of Co-operatives in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries,” in CASC 1991 Yearbook: Globalization and Relevance of Co-operatives, ed. David Gartrell and Byron Henderson (Saskatoon, n.d.), pp. 42-70.

Fulton, Murray E. (ed.). Co-operative Organizations and Canadian Society: Popular Institutions and the Dilemmas of Change. Toronto, 1990.

*Furlough, Ellen, and Carl Strikwerda (eds.). Consumers against Capitalism? Consumer Cooperation in Europe, North America, and Japan, 1840-1990. Lanham etc., 1999.

*Kitching, G. Development and Underdevelopment in Historical Perspec-tive. Populism, Nationalism and Industrialization. London/New York, 1982.

*Infield, Henrik F. Utopia and Experiment. Essays in the Sociology of Co- operation.

*International Joint Project on Co-operative Democracy. Making Membership Meaningful: Participatory Democracy in Co-operatives. Saskatoon, 1995.

Konopnicki, M. “Agricultural Co-operation and the State,” in Annals of Public and Co-operative Economy 46, 2 (June 1975), pp. 163-186.

*MacPherson, Ian. Hands Around the Globe: A History of the International Credit Union Movement and the Role and Development of World Council of Credit Unions, Inc. Victoria, B.C., 1999.

*Moody, J. Carroll, and Fite, Gilbert C. The Credit Union Movement. Origins and Development 1850-1980. Second edition, Dubuque, Iowa, 1984. (Has a few pages on the international credit union movement.)

*Nash, June, et al. (eds.). Popular Participation in Social Change. Cooperatives, Collectives and Nationalized Industry. The Hague/Paris, 1976. (On developing countries.)

Obern, Catheryn C., and Jones, Steven D. “Critical Factors Affecting Agricultural Production Co-operatives. A Review,” in Annals of Public and Co-operative Economy 52, 3 (Sept. 1981).

Rhodes, Rita. The International Co-operative Alliance During War and Peace, 1910-1950. Geneva, 1995.

Shaffer, Jack. Historical Dictionary of the Cooperative Movement. London, 1999. van Dooren, Pierre J. “The Viability of Agricultural Production Cooperatives,” in Annals of Public and Co-operative Economy 53, 1 (March 1982).

Valko, Laszlo. Essays on Modern Co-operation.

Watkins, W.P. The International Co-operative Alliance, 1895-1970.

Wolff, Henry W. People's Banks: A Record of Social and Economic Success. London, 1910.

The U.S.A.

Backstrom, Philip N. “The Mississippi Valley Trading Company: A Venture in International Co-operation, 1875-1877,” in Agricultural History 46, 3 (1972), pp. 425-437.

Bergengren, Roy F. Crusade: The Fight for Economic Democracy in North America, 1921-1945. New York, 1952. (By the famous promoter of credit union development in the U.S.)

*Cobia, David W. (ed.). Cooperatives in Agriculture. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1989.

*Egerstrom, Lee. Make No Small Plans: A Cooperative Revival for Rural America. Rochester, Minn., 1994.

Farmer Cooperative Service. Farmer Cooperatives in the United States. Washington, 1965.

*Goodwyn, Lawrence. The Populist Moment: A Short History of the Agrarian Revolt in America. Oxford/London/New York, 1978. (On the agrarian basis of the People’s Party, especially the role of Farmers’ Alliance co-operatives. This is an abridged version of his longer work Democratic Promise, which is, however, not widely available. One might also consult reviews of Goodwyn, and his replies to his critics: e.g. Goodwyn, Lawrence, et.al. “The Role of Co-operatives in the Develop-ment of the Movement Culture of Populism,” Journal of American History 69, 4 [1983].)

Goodwyn, Lawrence, et.al. “The Role of Co-operatives in the Development of the Movement Culture of Populism,” Journal of American History 69, 4 (1983).

Guarneri, Carl J. The Utopian Alternative: Fourierism in Nineteenth-Century America. Ithaca, N.Y.s, 1991.

Haynes, John Earl. “Farm Coops and the Election of Hubert Humphrey to the Senate,” in Agricultural History 57, 2 (1983), pp. 201-211.

Jones, Derek C. “American Producer Cooperatives and Employee-Owned Firms: A Historical Perspective,” in Robert Jackall and Henry M. Levin (eds.), Worker Cooperatives in America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984, pp. 37- 56.

*Keillor, Steven J. Cooperative Commonwealth: Co-ops in Rural Minnesota, 1859- 1939. St. Paul, 2000.

*Knapp, J.G. The Advance of American Co-operative Enterprise 1920-1945. Danville, Illinois, 1973.

Knapp, J.G. Farmers in Business. Studies in Cooperative Enterprise. Washington, D.C., 1963.

*Knapp, J.G. The Rise of American Co-operative Enterprise 1620-1920. Danville, Illinois, 1969.

*Marshall, R., and Godwin, L. Cooperatives and Rural Poverty in the South. Baltimore/London, 1971.

*Miller, Raymond W. A Conservative Looks at Co-operatives. Athens, Ohio, 1964.

*Moody, J. Carroll, and Fite, Gilbert C. The Credit Union Movement. Origins and Development 1850-1980. Second edition, Dubuque, Iowa, 1984.

Parker, Florence E. The First 125 Years. A History of Distributive and Service Cooperation in the United States 1829-1954. Superior, Wisconsin, 1956.

Rasmussen, Wayne D. Farmers, Cooperatives and USDA: A History of Agricultural Cooperative Service. USDA Agricultural Information Bulletin 621, July 1991.

Sanders, Elizabeth. Roots of Reform: Farmers, Workers, and the American State 1877-1817. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999. (Not primarily about co-operatives, but an interesting look at farm and labour movements.)

Schildgen, Robert. Toyohiko Kagawa: Apostle of Love and Social Justice. Berkeley, 1988.

Schwartz, Michael. Radical Protest and Social Structure. The Southern Farmers' Alliance and Cotton Tenancy, 1880-1890. New York, 1976.

*Sekerak, Emil, and Art Danforth. Consumer Cooperation: The Heritage and the Dream. Santa Clara, CA, 1980.

*Spann, Edward K. Brotherly Tomorrows: Movements for a Cooperative Society in America, 1820-1920. New York, 1989.

Torgerson, Randall E. “Farmer Cooperatives,” in Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 429 (1977), pp. 91-102.

*Turner, H. Haines. Case Studies of Consumers' Co-operatives. New York, 1941/1968. (on Finnish co-operatives in Massachussetts and the Lake Superior region)

United States Dept. of Agriculture. Cooperative Historical Statistics. 1984.

Voorhis, Jerry. American Cooperatives: Where They Came From, What They Do, Where They are Going. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1961.

*Wieting, C. Maurice. The Progress of Cooperatives, With Aids for Teachers. New York, 1952.

*Woeste, Victoria Saker. The Farmers’ Benevolent Trust: Law and Agricultural Cooperation in Industrial America, 1865-1945. Chapel Hill, 1998.

Canada

On the 1970s-80s check the Co-operative College of Canada and Co-operative Union of Canada publications, and especially the Co-operative Future Directions Project Working Papers.

The University of Saskatchewan has excellent original sources on the Prairie farm and co-operative movements, including the Grain Growers’ Guide and the Western Producer (Main Library), and the Co-operative Consumer (a paper devoted to co-operative news and education published 1939-1970, in the Co- operative Resource Centre).

*Alexander, Anne. The Antigonish Movement: Moses Coady and Adult Education Today. Toronto, 1997.

*Badgley, Kerry. Ringing in the Common Love of Good: The United Farmers of Ontario, 1914-1926. Montreal, 2000. (Esp. Chap. 6)

Bailey, Stuart. “Democratic Theory and Practice in Cooperatives,” Coopératives et Développement 18, 1 (1986-87), pp. 101-118.

Bocking, D.H. Pages from the Past. Essays on Saskatchewan History. (Contributions by Johnson, Spafford on co-operatives; by Brennan and Hoffman on politics). Saskatoon, 1979.

Chapman, H.E. “The Change Process through Co-operative Education and Research,” in Harold R. Baker, James A. Draper, and Brett T. Fairbairn (eds.), Dignity and Growth: Citizen Participation in Social Change. Calgary: Detselig Enterprises, 1991, pp. 81-95.

*Clements, Muriel. By Their Bootstraps: A History of the Credit Union Movement in Saskatchewan. Toronto/Vancouver, 1965. (Contains a wealth of information and anecdotes.)

*Coady, Moses M. Masters of Their Own Destiny: The Story of the Antigonish Movement of Adult Education Through Economic Co-operation. Antigonish, 1967. (By the founder of the movement himself.)

Colquette, R.D. The First Fifty Years. Winnipeg, 1957. (a history of United Grain Growers).

Dechêne, Claire Minguy. Histoire du mouvement coopératif au Québec. Québec, 1981.

Delaney, Ida. By Their Own Hands: A Fieldworker’s Account of the Antigonish Movement. Hantsport, Nova Scotia, 1985.

*Fairbairn, Brett. Building a Dream: The Co-operative Retailing System in Western Canada, 1928-1988. Saskatoon, 1989.

Fairbairn, Brett, Murray Fulton, Lou Hammond Ketilson, Mark Goldblatt, and Peter Krebs. “Co-operative Enterprise Development in Canada,” report to the Canadian Co-operative Association, Conseil canadien de la coopération, and the Co- operatives Secretariat of the Government of Canada, 1993. (Includes statistics and case studies on new co-operative development in Canada.)

Fairbairn, Brett, Ian MacPherson, and Nora Russell (eds.), Canadian Co-operatives in the Year 2000: Memory, Mutual Self-Help, and the Millenium (Saskatoon: Centre for the Study of Co-operatives, 2000).

Fairbairn, Brett. “Visions of Alternative Futures: Three Cases from the Prairie Consumer Co-operative Movement, 1914-1945,” in Jerome Martin (ed.), Alternative Futures for Prairie Agricultural Communities. Edmonton, 1991, pp. 97-139.

*Fairbairn, Garry. From Prairie Roots. The Remarkable Story of Saskatchewan Wheat Pool. Saskatoon, 1984.

*Fowke, V.C. The National Policy and the Wheat Economy. Toronto, 1957. (On origins of Prairie farmers’ co-operatives.)

Fulton, Murray E. (ed.). Co-operative Organizations and Canadian Society: Popular Institutions and the Dilemmas of Change. Toronto, 1990.

*Good, W.C. Farmer Citizen. Toronto, 1958. (autobiography of a Canadian farm leader active in the Co-operative Union of Canada)

Hammond Ketilson, Lou, Murray Fulton, Brett Fairbairn and June Bold. Climate for Co-operative Community Development: Report to the Federal/Provincial Task Force on the Role of Co-operatives and Government in Community Development, October 1992. (Includes case studies of co-operative development.)

Hammond Ketilson, Lou. “The Marketing Competitiveness of Canadian Consumer Co-operatives.” Yearbook of Co-operative Enterprise 1988, pp. 133-145.

*Innes, H.A. (ed.). The Diary of Alexander James McPhail. Toronto, 1940. (Diary of the early leader of Saskatchewan Wheat Pool.)

Irwin, Robert. “‘The Better Sense of the Farm Population’: The Partridge Plan and Grain Marketing in Saskatchewan,” Prairie Forum 18,1 (Spring 1993), pp. 35-52.

Keen, George. The Birth of a Movement. Reminiscences of a Co-operator. n.p., n.d. (Short memoirs by the General Secretary of the Co-operative Union of Canada, 1909-1945.)

Laidlaw, Alexander F. The Co-operative Alternative. Co-operative Future Directions Project Working Papers no. 9. (A paper by Canada’s most internationally acclaimed co-operative leader.)

*Laidlaw, Alexander (ed.) The Man From Margaree. Writings and Speeches of M.M. Coady. Toronto, 1971. (Gives a flavour of the inspiring leader of the Antigonish movement for adult education and co-operation.)

Larmour, “The Douglas Government’s Changing Emphasis on Public, Private, and Co-operative Development in Saskatchewan, 1944-1961,” in J. William Brennan (ed.) “Building the Co-operative Commonwealth”: Essays on the Democratic Socialist Tradition in Canada. Regina, 1984.

Laycock, David. “The Politics of Co-operative Development Strategy in English Canada,” Coopératives et Développement 20, 1 (1988-89), pp. 91-120.

*Laycock, David. Populism and Democratic Thought on the Canadian Prairies, 1910 to 1945. Toronto, 1990.

Laycock, David. “Prairie Populists and the Idea of Co-operation, 1910-1945,” Centre for the Study of Co-operatives Occasional Paper # 85 - 03.

Laycock, David. “Representative Economic Democracy and the Problem of Policy Influence: The Case of Canadian Co-operatives.” Canadian Journal of Political Science XXII, 4 (Dec., 1989), pp. 765-791.

*Lipset, S.M. Agrarian Socialism: The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation in Saskatchewan. Revised edition, Garden City, N.Y., 1968. (Has some material on connections between the C.C.F. and the co-operative movement.)

Lotz, Jim, and Michael R. Welton. Father Jimmy: Life and Times of Jimmy Tompkins. Wreck Cove, Cape Breton, 1997. (Portrait of one of the founders of the Antigonish movement.)

Lotz, Jim, and Michael R. Welton. “‘Knowledge for the People’: The Origins and Development of the Antigonish Movement.” In Michael R. Welton (ed.), Knowledge for the People: Adult Learning in English-Speaking Canada, 1828- 1973. Toronto, 1987.

Mackintosh, W.A. Agricultural Co-operation in Western Canada. Kingston, 1924.

MacPherson, Ian. “Appropriate Forms of Enterprise: The Prairie and Maritime Co- operative Movements, 1900-1955,” in Acadiensis 8, 1 (1978), pp. 77-96.

MacPherson, Ian. Building and Protecting the Co-operative Movement: A Brief History of the Co-operative Union of Canada 1909-1984. Ottawa, c. 1984.

MacPherson, “The CCF and the Co-operative Movement in the Douglas Years: An Uneasy Alliance,” in J. William Brennan (ed.), “Building the Co-operative Commonwealth”: Essays on the Democratic Socialist Tradition in Canada. Regina, 1984.

MacPherson, Ian. Co-operation, Conflict, and Consensus: B.C. Central and the Credit Union Movement to 1994. Vancouver, 1995.

*MacPherson, Ian. Each For All: A History of the Co-operative Movement in English Canada, 1900-1945. Toronto, 1979.

MacPherson, Ian. “Missionaries of Rural Development: The Fieldmen of the Saskatchewan Wheat Pool, 1925-1965,” in Agricultural History 60,2 (spring 1986), pp. 73-96.

MacPherson, Ian. “Patterns in the Maritime Co-operative Movement 1900-1945,” in Acadiensis 5, 1 (1975), pp. 67-83.

MacPherson, Ian. “Selected Borrowings: The American Impact upon the Prairie Co-operative Movement, 1920-39,” in The Canadian Review of American Studies 10, 2 (1979), pp. 137-151.

Martel, Jean-Louis, with Delmas Lévesque. “Émergence du mouvement coopératif agricole au Québec: d'un mouvement populaire à une politique de développement,” in Coopératives et développement: Revue du CIRIEC, 18, 1 (1986-7), pp. 13-39.

*Meyer, Robert R. The Spirit of the Post Road. Altona, Manitoba, 1955. (Co- operative development and education in and around Altona, esp. in the 1930s- 40s.)

Mifflen, F.J. “The Antigonish Movement: A Summary Analysis of its Development, Principles and Goals,” in Coopératives et Développement 21,1 (1989-90), pp. 101-122 (reprint from 1976).

*Neal, Rusty. Brotherhood Economics: Women and Co-operatives in Nova Scotia. Sydney, N.S., 1998.

Nesbitt, Leonard D. Tides in the West. Saskatoon, c. 1962. (a history of Alberta Wheat Pool).

O’Connor, Sean. “The Evolution of the Co-operative Credit System in Canada.” Bank of Canada Review, February 1989, pp. 1-17; and “New Directions for the Co-operative Credit System in Canada,” ibid., March 1989, pp. 1-16.

Patterns and Trends of Canadian Co-operative Development. Downsview, Ontario: Co-operative Future Directions Project, 1982.

Patton, H.S. Grain Growers' Co-operation in Western Canada. Cambridge, Mass., 1928. (A study of the Wheat Pools in their heyday.)

Phalen, Terry. Co-operative Leadership: Harry Fowler. Saskatoon, 1977. (Profile of a Prairie consumer co-operative leader of the 1930s-1960s.)

Poulin, Pierre. Histoire du mouvement Desjardins, 3 vols (Montréal, 1990).

Priestley, Norman F., and Edward B. Swindlehurst. Furrows, Faith, and Fellowship. Edmonton, 1967. (a history of the authors' involvement in the Alberta farm movement).

*Purden, Christine. Agents for Change: Credit Unions in Saskatchewan. Saskatoon, 1980.

Rudin, Ronald. “Class and Cooperatives: The Struggle for Control within the Caisses Populaires of Quebec, 1900-1945,” in Peter Baskerville (ed.), Canadian Papers in Business History, vol. I. Victoria, 1989.

*Rudin, Ronald. In Whose Interest? Quebec’s Caisses Populaires 1900-1945. Montreal, 1990.

Sacouman, R. James. “Underdevelopment and the Structural Origins of Antigonish Movement Co-operatives in Eastern Nova Scotia,” in Acadiensis 7, 1 (1977), pp. 66-85.

Sharp, Paul F. The Agrarian Revolt in Western Canada: A Survey Showing American Parallels. Minneapolis, 1948.

Smereka, Myroslaw. Au-delà des divergences: histoire de la caisse populaire de Paquetteville, 1907-1974. Sherbrooke, Quebec, 1985.

Welton, Michael R. Little Mosie From the Margaree: A Biography of Moses Michael Coady. Toronto, 2001.

Wetzel, Kurt, and Gallagher, Daniel G. “A Conceptual Analysis of Labour Relations in Co-operatives.” Economic and Industrial Democracy 8 (1987).

Wilkinson, Paul, and Jack Quarter. Building a Community-Controlled Economy: The Evangeline Co-operative Experience. Toronto, 1996.

Wood, L.A. A History of Farmers’ Movements in Canada. The Origins and Development of Agrarian Protest 1872-1924. Toronto, 1924, reprinted 1975.

Asia

(Check for current information and articles in, especially, the Review of International Co-operation.)

Attwood, Donald W., and Baviskar, B.S., et al. Finding the Middle Path: The Political Economy of Cooperation in Rural India. Boulder: Westview, 1995.

Attwood, Donald W. Raising Cane: The Political Economy of Sugar in Western India. Boulder, 1992.

*Attwood, D.W., and Baviskar, B.S. (eds.) Who Shares? Co-operatives and Rural Development. Delhi, 1988.

Baviskar, B.S. “The Political Role of Cooperatives in Maharashtra, India,” in June Nash, Jorge Dandler, and Nicholas S. Hopkins (eds.), Popular Participation in Social Change: Cooperatives, Collectives, and Nationalized Industry. The Hague, 1976, pp. 509-520.

*Baviskar, B.S. The Politics of Development: Sugar Co-operatives in Rural Maharashtra. Delhi, 1980.

Chothani, A.A. “Operation Flood and the National Milk Grid,” Review of International Co-operation 82,2 (1989), pp. 23-30.

Dao, M.N. “The Co-operative Movement in India,” in Annals of Public and Co- operative Economy 46, 4 (Dec. 1975), pp. 357-390.

Digby, M. Agricultural Co-operation in the Commonwealth. Oxford, 1951. (Includes a section on co-operatives in India under British rule.)

*Dixon, Ruth B. Rural Women at Work: Strategies for Development in South Asia. Baltimore, 1978.

*Fforde, Adam. The Agrarian Question in North Vietnam, 1974-79: A Study of Cooperator Resistance to State Policy. Armonk, N.Y./London, 1989)

Hough, Eleanor M. The Co-operative Movement in India. Fifth ed., Oxford, 1966. (Somewhat dated.)

Howard, Pat. “Cooperation in a Market Context: The Impact of Recent Rural Economic Reforms in China,” in Journal of Peasant Studies 14,3 (spring 1987), pp. 153-188.

Khan, M.K. Co-operation and Rural Reconstruction in India. Hyderabad, c. 1957. (Quite dated.)

Kularajah, N.A. Introduction to the Malaysian Co-operative Movement. Petaling Jaya, Malaysia, 1968

*Madane, M.V. Agricultural Cooperatives in Japan: The Dynamics of Their Development. New Delhi, 1990. (Best work on this subject.)

*Mascarenhas, R.C. A Strategy for Rural Development: Dairy Cooperatives in India. New Delhi, 1988.

*Nash, June, et al. (eds.). Popular Participation in Social Change. Cooperatives, Collectives and Nationalized Industry. The Hague/Paris, 1976.

Punjrath, Jagjit S. “India’s All-Women Dairy Co-operatives,” Review of International Co-operation 82,2 (1989), pp. 31-38.

Rana, J.M. Multi-Purpose Cooperative Societies in South-East Asia. New Delhi, 1974.

Saxena, S.K. “Cooperatives in Developing Countries: A State-Movement Partnership Model. (A Study of India's National Cooperative Development Corporation).” Markham, Ont., 1986.

Schildgen, Robert. Toyohiko Kagawa: Apostle of Love and Social Justice. Berkeley, 1988.

Sharma, G.K. “Indian co-operative Movement: Present Situation and Future Prospects,” Review of International Co-operation 82,2 (1989), pp. 5-11.

Sinha, B.K. Cooperatives in India. New Delhi, 1968. (Somewhat dated.)

*Stettner, Nora, and Oram, Bert. Changes in China: The Role of Co-operatives in the New Socialism. Manchester, 1987. (Short but crammed wth information; the essential book on Chinese co-operatives.)

Subrahmanyam, P., and Taimni, K.K. “Growth and Development of Cooperatives in Maharashtra,” in Annals of Public and Co-operative Economy 55, 3 (Sept. 1984).

Thorner, Daniel. Agricultural Cooperatives in India. A Field Report. New York, 1964.

Africa and the Middle East (including Israel)

(Check for current information and articles in, especially, the Review of International Co-operation.)

Note: most of the following literature on co-operatives in Africa focuses on East Africa (Tanzania, Kenya, and Uganda).

*Attwood, D.W., and Baviskar, B.S. (eds.) Who Shares? Co-operatives and Rural Development. Delhi, 1988.

Ben-Rafael, Eliezer, “The Transformation of the Kibbutz,” in Together: A Journal of Co-operation and Community 6, 3 (Summer 1994), pp. 6-9.

Brown, L.A. et al. “Innovation Diffusion and Development in a Third World Setting: The Cooperative Movement in Sierra Leone,” Social Science Quarterly 60, 2 (1979), pp. 249-268.

Collier, Paul, Samir Radwan, and Samuel Wangwe, with Albert Wagner. Labour and Poverty in Rural Tanzania: Ujamaa and Rural Development in the United Republic of Tanzania. Oxford, 1986.

Digby, M. Agricultural Co-operation in the Commonwealth. Oxford, 1951. (Contains sections on British colonies, including Kenya and South Africa, in the colonial era.)

*Dublin, J. Credit Unions in a Changing World: The Tanzania-Kenya Experience. Detroit, 1983.

Du Toit, Brian M. “Cooperative Institutions and Culture Change in South Africa,” Journal of Asian and African Studies 4,4 (1969), pp. 275-299.

*Gyllström, Björn. State-administered Rural Change: Agricultural Cooperatives in Kenya. London, 1991.

*Hedlund, Hans (ed.). Cooperatives Revisited. Uppsala, Sweden, 1988.

Holmen, Hans. “Agricultural Co-operatives in the Rural Development of Egypt,” in Annals of Public and Co-operative Economy 56, 4 (Dec. 1985), pp. 553-564.

Huizer, G. “The Ujamaa Village Program in Tanzania: New Forms of Rural Development.” Studies in Comparative International Development 8,2 (1973), pp. 183-207.

Hyden, G. Beyond Ujamaa in Tanzania.

Hyden, G. No Shortcuts to Progress: African Development Management in Perspective. Berkeley, 1983.

Infield, Henrik F. Cooperative Living in Palestine. New York, 1944.

King, Roger. “Cooperative Policy and Village Development in Northern Nigeria,” in Judith Heyer, Pepe Roberts, and Gavin Williams (eds.), Rural Development in Tropical Africa. New York, 1981, pp. 259-280.

Leviatan, Uri. “The Process of Industrialization in the Israeli Kibbutzim,” in June Nash, Jorge Dandler, and Nicholas S. Hopkins (eds.), Popular Participation in Social Change: Cooperatives, Collectives, and Nationalized Industry. The Hague, 1976, pp. 521-547.

Manday, E.A. “A New Structure for Co-operatives in Tanzania,” in Annals of Public and Co-operative Economy 48, 2 (June 1977), pp. 239-244.

Meister, Albert. “Ambitions and Risks of Cooperative Socialism in East Africa: Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania,” in Journal of Asian and African Studies 4,4 (1969), pp. 241-274. (Note the date: an early view of postcolonial development strategies.)

Mporogomyi, Kilonsi. “Cooperatives and Development in Tanzania: Theory and Evidence of Lost Opportunities,” in Hans Hedlund (ed.), Cooperatives Revisited. Uppsala, Sweden, 1988, pp. 71-91.

*Nash, June, et al. (eds.). Popular Participation in Social Change. Cooperatives, Collectives and Nationalized Industry. The Hague/Paris, 1976.

Songsore, Jacob. “The Co-operative Credit Union Movement in North-Western Ghana: Development Agent or Agent of Incorporation?” in D.R.F. Taylor and Fiona Mackenzie (eds.), Development from Within: Survival in Rural Africa. London, 1992, pp. 82-101.

Spiro, Melford E. Kibbutz. Venture in Utopia. New York, 1970.

*Viteles, Harry. A History of the Co-operative Movement in Israel: A Source Book in Seven Volumes. London, 1966. (*vol. I,The Evolution of the Co-operative Movement., provides a general history and overview; *vol. II is on the Kibbutzim; etc.)

*Widstrand, C.G. (ed.). Co-operatives and Rural Development in East Africa. New York, 1970. (A very useful collection.)

*Willner, Dorothy. Nation-Building and Community in Israel. Princeton, 1969.

Latin America

Almy, Susan W. “Vertical Societies and Co-operative Structures: Problems of Fit in North-eastern Brazil,” in D.W. Attwood and B.S. Baviskar, Who Shares? Co- operatives and Rural Development. Delhi, 1988, pp. 46-68.

*Annis, Sheldon, and Hakim, Peter (eds.). Direct to the Poor: Grassroots Development in Latin America. London, 1988 (Not all the projects described are co-operatives, but the whole book is fascinating.)

Develtere, Patrick. “Cooperative Development in the Commonwealth Caribbean between Domination and Self-Determination.” Coopératives et Développement 25, 2 (1993-94), pp. 45-69.

Digby, M. Agricultural Co-operation in the Commonwealth. Oxford, 1951. (Contains sections on Caribbean countries in the colonial era.)

*Enríquez, Laura J. Harvesting Change: Labor and Agrarian Reform in Nicaragua, 1979-1990. Chapel Hill, N.C., 1991.

Fowerraker, Joe, and Craig, Ann L. (eds.). Popular Movements and Political Change in Mexico. Boulder, CO, 1990 (esp. chaps. 1, 11, and 16).

Grindle, Merilee S. “Agrarian Reform in Mexico: A Cautionary Tale,” in Roy L. Prosterman, Mary N. Temple, and Timothy N. Hanstad (eds.), Agrarian Reform and Grassroots Development: Ten Case Studies. Boulder, Colorado, 1990, pp. 179-204.

Hope, Kempe R. “National Cooperative Commercial Banking and Development Strategy in Guyana,” in Am. Journal of Economics and Sociology 34, 3 (1975), pp. 309-322.

Hübenthal, Dieter, and Heins, Jürgen. “The Development of the Latin American Savings and Credit Co-operative System,” in IRU Courier 1986, 1 (April), pp. 11- 15.

*Korovkin, Tanya. The Politics of Agricultural Co-operativism: Peru, 1969-1983. Vancouver, 1990.

LeFranc, Elsie R.-M. “The Co-operative Movement in Jamaica: An Exercise in Social Control,” in Social and Economic Studies [Jamaica] 27, 1 (1978), pp. 21- 43.

Leons, William. “Economic and Political Implications of a Rural Bolivian Cooperative,” in International Social Science Review 57, 3 (1982), pp. 226-231.

*McClintlock, C. Peasant Cooperatives and Political Change in Peru. Princeton, 1981.

*Nash, June, et.al. (eds.). Popular Participation in Social Change. Cooperatives, Collectives and Nationalized Industry. The Hague/Paris, 1976.

Tendler, Judith. “What to Think About Cooperatives: A Guide from Bolivia,” in Sheldon Annis and Peter Hakim (eds.), Direct to the Poor: Grassroots Development in Latin America. Boulder, CO, 1988, pp. 85-116.

*Wasserstrom, Robert. Grassroots Development in Latin America and the Caribbean: Oral Histories of Social Change. New York, 1985. (An excellent anthology of case studies told in the words of local people.)

Wilkie, Raymond. San Miguel. A Mexican Collective Ejido. Stanford, 1971.

America and the Caribbean

(Check for current information and articles in, especially, the Review of International Co-operation.)

Co-operative and Utopian Communities

Bestor, Arthur. Backwoods Utopias.

Doig, Ivan. Utopian America.

Erasmus, Charles. In Search of the Common Good.

*Garnett, R.G. Co-operation and the Owenite Socialist Communities in Britain, 1825-1845.

*Gide, Charles. Communist and Co-operative Colonies. New York, 1930.

*Guarneri, Carl J. The Utopian Alternative: Fourierism in Nineteenth-Century America. Ithaca, N.Y.s, 1991.

Hardy, Dennis. Alternative Communities in Nineteenth Century England.

*Harrison, J.F.C. Robert Owen and the Owenites in Britain and America.

Hayden, Dolores. Seven American Utopias.

Infield, Henrik F. Cooperative Living in Palestine. New York, 1944.

*Infield, Henrik F. Utopia and Experiment. Essays in the Sociology of Co- operation.

*Johnson, Christopher H. Utopian Communism in France. Cabet and the Icarians, 1839-1851.

Kolmerten, Carol A. Women in Utopia: The Ideology of Gender in the American Owenite Communities. Bloomington, Ind., 1990.

Lockwood, George. The New Harmony Movement.

*Spann, Edward K. Brotherly Tomorrows: Movements for a Cooperative Society in America, 1820-1920. New York, 1989.

Zicklin, Gilbert. Countercultural Communes: A Sociological Perspective. Westport, Conn.:, 1983.

Worker Co-operatives

Axworthy, Chris, “Worker Co-operatives in Mondragon, The U.K. and France; Some Reflections.” (Centre for the Study of Co-operatives Occasional Paper 85- 01)

Batstone, Eric, “Organization and Orientation: A Life Cycle Model of French Co- operatives,” and Cornforth, Chris. “Some Factors Affecting the Success or Failure of Worker Co-operatives,” both in Economic and Industrial Democracy 4,2 (May 1983).

Bermeo, Nancy G. The Revolution Within the Revolution: Workers’ Control in Rural Portugal. Princeton, 1986.

Blasi, Joseph, David P. Ellerman, and William F. Whyte. “Worker Co-operatives in the United States: A Movement in the Making,” Coopératives et Développement 17,2 (1985-86), pp. 103-110.

*Bridault, Alain, and Ginette Lafrenière. “Social History of Worker Co-operatives in Québec,” in Jack Quarter and George Melnyk, Partners in Enterprise: The Worker Ownership Phenomenon. Montréal, 1989, pp. 161-174.

Gajda, Jozef. “Workers’ Cooperatives in Polish Industry — Their Role and Development,” in Aloysius Balawyder (ed.), Cooperative Movements in Eastern Europe. London, 1980.

Gutierrez-Johnson, Ana. “The Mondragon System of Worker Production Cooperatives,” Industrial and Labor Relations Review 31,1 (1977)

*Holmström, Mark. Industrial Democracy in Italy: Workers Co-operatives and the Self-Management Debate. Aldershot, Engl., 1989.

*Jackall, Robert, and Levin, Henry. Worker Cooperatives in America. Berkeley, 1984.

*Jones, Derek C. “American Producer Cooperatives and Employee-Owned Firms: A Historical Perspective,” in Robert Jackall and Henry M. Levin (eds.), Worker Cooperatives in America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984, pp. 37- 56.

*Oakeshott, Robert. The Case for Workers’ Co-ops. London, 1978.

Obradovic, Josip, and Dunn, William N. (eds.) Workers’ Self-Management and Organizational Power in Yugoslavia. Pittsburgh, 1978.

*Quarter, Jack, and Melnyk, George (eds.) Partners in Enterprise: The Worker Ownership Phenomenon. Montreal, 1989.

Rothschild, Joyce, and Whitt, J. Allen. The Cooperative Workplace: Potentials and Dilemmas of Organizational Democracy and Participation. Cambridge, 1986.

Thornley, Jenny. Workers’ Co-operatives: Jobs and Dreams. London, 1982.

*Whyte, William Foote, and Whyte, Kathleen King. Making Mondragon: The Growth and Dynamics of the Worker Cooperative Complex, 2nd edition. Ithaca, N.Y., 1991.

Whyte, William F. “Theoretical and Practical Implications of the Mondragon Experience,” Coopératives et Développement 17, 2 (1985-86), pp. 187-197.