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Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1957

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Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1957 chapter C Migration INTERNAL M IGRATION (Series C 1-87) C 1 -73. General note. 640; 1 930, Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, vol. II, pp. Data c oncerning internal migration of the native population 153-167; 1940, Sixteenth Census Reports, State of Birth of are based on information concerning State of birth and State the Native Population, pp. 20-39; 1950, 17. S. Census of Popu of residence collected during the decennial censuses of popu lation: 1950, vol. IV, Special Reports, State of Birth, pp. 4A-24 lation. Caution is required in the interpretation of these data to 4A-43. because the migration measured by each census is the net In 1 860, persons who were born in territories and who were movement from the time of birth to the census date. Mi then residing in territories were assumed to be residing in the grants as defined here include only those persons who have territory of their birth. moved from one State to another and are, on the census date, See g eneral note for definition of color and nativity; see also living in States other than those in which they were born. text for series A 95-122 for definitions of division and region. Persons who moved from their State of birth and then returned to it by the time of the census are classified as nonmigrants. C 1 5-24. Native population born in each division, by division of These s tatistics for migrants do not represent the total num residence, by color, 1850-1950. ber of persons who have moved from the State or geographic Source : See source for series C 1-14. division in which they were born to other States or divisions See also general note for definition of color and nativity. during any given period of time. Some of those who moved from one State to another died before the following census C 2 5-73. Estimated net intercensal migration of total, native white, foreign-born white, and Negro population surviving date. Some moved from and returned, between censuses, to their State of birth. Others moved to places outside conti from the preceding census date, by States, 1870-1950. nental United States. Source: E verett S. Lee, Ann Ratner Miller, Carol P. Brain- erd, and Richard A. Easterlin, Population Redistribution and A n ative is defined as a person born in continental United Economic Growth: United States, 1870-1950, vol. I, Philadel States, Puerto Rico, or the Territories or possessions, or born abroad to American parents. Persons for whom place of birth phia, the American Philosophical Society, 1957, pp. 107-231. was not reported are included with the natives. See g eneral note for definition of color and nativity. The c lassification of the population by color is not ordinarily The e stimates of net migration were obtained by a residual based on replies to census questions asked by the enumerators, method, using survival ratios derived from census data. The but rather is obtained by observation. This concept does not, loss through mortality during an intercensal period was esti therefore, reflect a clear-cut definition of biological stock. The mated on the basis of the ratios of appropriate age groups as nonwhite population consists of Negroes, American Indians, enumerated in successive decennial censuses. The difference Japanese, Chinese, Filipinos, and some other groups. Per between the enumerated population at the end of the decennial sons of mixed parentage are placed in the color classification period and the estimated survivors from the beginning to the of the nonwhite parent. Persons of Mexican birth or ances end of the period was assumed to be net migration. Compu try who are not definitely Indian or of other nonwhite stock tations were by age groups for each sex, the figures presented have been classified as white in all censuses except that of in series C 25-73 being summations for ages 10 years and over 1930. The lack of comparability introduced by this factor is at the end of each intercensal period. For the native popula substantial in the West South Central, Mountain, and Pacific tion, the figures show the estimated amount of net internal Divisions. For revised 1930 figures for regions showing Mexi migration. For the foreign born, the figures represent the cans classified as white, see series B 215-230 in Historical estimated net change attributable to direct movement into the Statistics of the United States, 1789-1 9 J,5. State from abroad and the net gain or loss in the exchange of foreign-born residents with other States. C 1 -14. Native population, by residence within or outside State, division, and region of birth, by color, 1850-1950. C 7 4-79. Estimated annual movement of the farm population, 1920-1957. Source: S pecial compilations made by the University of Pennsylvania Studies of Population Redistribution and Economic Source: 1 920-1954, Agricultural Marketing Service, Farm Growth from the following: 1850, The Seventh Census of the Population, Migration to and From Farms, 19S0-1954, AMS-10, United States: 1850, pp. xxxvi-xxxviii ; 1860, Eighth Census of 1954; 1955-1957, Farm Population, Estimated for (specific the United States: I860, table 5 for each State, pp. 10-589, years), AMS-80, 1955, 1956, and 1967. various pages, and pp. 616-619; 1870, Ninth Census Reports, Estimates o f the total farm population and of the annual vol. I, pp. 327-335; 1880, Tenth Census Reports, Population, changes in its components utilize data from the censuses of pp. 484-491; 1890, Eleventh Census Reports, Population, part population and agriculture and the Current Population Survey 1, pp. 564-567 and 576-579; 1900, Twelfth Census Reports, conducted by the Bureau of the Census in addition to data from Population, vol. I, part 1, pp. 686-693 and 702-705; 1910, a questionnaire mailed by the Department of Agriculture to Thirteenth Census Reports, Population, vol. I, pp. 730-744; lists of crop reporters. Estimates of the components of change 1920, Fourteenth Census Reports, Population, vol. II, pp. 626- are derived from information supplied by the crop reporters 39 C 8 0-87 MIGRATION and a djusted for internal consistency with available birth C 8 0-87. Mobility status and type of mobility of the civilian and death figures and data on movements in and out of population one year old and over, 1947-1957. the Armed Forces. For a history of the procedures used and Source: B ureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, the successive revisions of the series, see Department of Agri Series P-20, No. 82. culture, Major Statistical Series of the U. S. Department of The c ivilian population was classified by mobility status on Agriculture, vol. 7, Agricultural Handbook No. 118, 1957. the basis of a comparison between the place of residence of Farm p opulation figures relate to the civilian population liv each individual on the survey date and the place of residence ing on farms, regardless of occupation or source of income. one year earlier. Persons classified as movers include all those The determination of whether a household is located on a farm whose place of residence in the United States was different at has been made largely by the residents themselves. If the respondent in reply to the inquiry, "Is this house on a farm the end of the period and at the beginning of the period. (or ranch)?" answers affirmatively, it is, in most cases, classi For s imilar information for earlier years, see Donald J. fied as a farm dwelling unit and the occupants as part of the Bogue, Henry S. Shryock, Jr., and Siegried A. Hoermann, "Sub- farm population. Excluded are the following: Persons living regional Migration in the United States, 1935-40," vol. 1, on farmland who rent for cash a home and yard only; persons Streams of Migration Between Subregions, Miami, Ohio, in summer camps, motels, and tourist camps; and persons in Scripps Foundation Studies in Population Distribution, No. 5, institutions on farmland. 1957. 40 INTERNAL M IGRATION C 1-24 Series C 1 -14. Native Population, by Residence Within or Outside State, Division, and Region of Birth, by Color: o1850 t 1950 Bornn i other States Boran i State Born Born State Bornn i division Boran i region Native of residence Contiguous t o State Noncontiguous t o i n out a broad o f birth of residence of residence p opulation of residence State of residence lying or at not r eported Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number 10 13 139,868,716 102,788,385 73.5 14,589.035 10.4 2 0,695,185 14 8 329,970 96.355 1,369,785 113,477,915 81.1 119,490,510 1 20.074,379 9 2,609,754 7 7.1 1 2,583,482 10.5 1 4,322,504 11.9 1 56,966 1 22,169 2 79,514 1 01,694,396 8 4.7 1 06,734,907 108,570,897 82,677,619 76 2 12,200,290 11.2 18,187,810 1 2 1 136,032 180,677 238,469 91,382,402 84.2 96,447,180 91,789,928 71,071,018 77.4 9,741,781 10.6 10,582,669 11.5 88,020 92.863 313,582 77,906,515 84.9 82,308,490 7 8,456,380 6 1,185,305 7 8.0 7 ,969,860 1 0.1 8 ,950,254 1 1 4 7 ,365 6 7,911 2 85.685 6 6,746,379 85.1 7 0,864,304 65,663,299 51,901,722 79.0 6,808,976 9.6 7,192,070 11.0 2,923 67,151 180,458 56,248,496 8 5.7 60,025,002 58,372,708 41,872,666 78.5 4,628.768 8.7 6,464.296 12.1 822 10,010 896,652 45,022,600 84.4 48,398,175 4 3,475,840 3 3,882,734 7 7.9 4 ,083,004 9 .4 5 ,509,760 1 2.7 5 1 2 91 3 6,582,390 8 4.1 3 9.530,266 32,991,142 25,821,340 76.8 3 , 182 , 563 9.6 4.474,757 13.6 51 169 "i2;262 27,363,803 82.9 29,684,393 124,382,950 91,984,035 74.0 13,195,215 10.6 17,629,445 14.2 289,435 88,065 1,196,755 101,491,050 81.6 107,061,705 1 06,795,782 8 2,533.805 7 7.8 1 1,298,728 1 0.6 1 2,492,817 1 1.7 9 9 , 170 1 17,933 2 53,284 9 0,586,586
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