Arxiv:Cond-Mat/0408683V1 [Cond-Mat.Mtrl-Sci] 31 Aug 2004 Onaisi Ocueteapaec Fanw”Lowered” New a of ¯ at Appearence Loss the Cause to Is Boundaries Mass
Surface plasmons in metallic structures J. M. Pitarke,1,2, V. M. Silkin,2 E. V. Chulkov,2,3, and P. M. Echenique2,3 1Materia Kondentsatuaren Fisika Saila, Zientzi Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 644 Posta kutxatila, E-48080 Bilbo, Basque Country, Spain 2Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) and Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Manuel de Lardizabal Pasealekua, E-20018 Donostia, Basque Country, Spain 3Materialen Fisika Saila, Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 1072 Posta kutxatila, E-20080 Donostia, Basque Country, Spain (Dated: September 5, 2018) Since the concept of a surface collective excitation was first introduced by Ritchie, surface plas- mons have played a significant role in a variety of areas of fundamental and applied research, from surface dynamics to surface-plasmon microscopy, surface-plasmon resonance technology, and a wide range of photonic applications. Here we review the basic concepts underlying the existence of surface plasmons in metallic structures, and introduce a new low-energy surface collective excitation that has been recently predicted to exist. PACS numbers: 71.45.Gm, 73.20.At, 78.47.+p, 78.68.+m I. INTRODUCTION the energy loss of charged particles moving outside a metal surface was shown to be due to the excitation 13,14 The long-range nature of the Coulomb interaction be- of surface plasmons, and the centroid of the elec- tween valence electrons in metals is known to yield collec- tron density induced by external potentials acting on a metal surface was demonstrated to be dictated by the tive behaviour, manifesting itself in the form of plasma 15 oscillations. Pines and Bohm1 were the first to suggest wave-vector dependence of surface plasmons.
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