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Tinjauan Awal Batuan Dasar Di Wilayah Pantai Kalimantan Barat Untuk Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi Energi Nuklir 2014 ISSN: 2355-7524 Pontianak, 19 Juni 2014 TINJAUAN AWAL BATUAN DASAR DI WILAYAH PANTAI KALIMANTAN BARAT UNTUK ANALISIS KESELAMATAN TAPAK PLTN Hadi Suntoko, June Mellawati Pusat Kajian Sistem Energi Nuklir-BATAN, Jl. Kuningan Barat, Mampang Prapatan Jakarta 12710, Email: [email protected] ABSTRAK TINJAUAN BATUAN DASAR DI BEBERAPA WILAYAH PANTAI KABUPATEN KALIMANTAN BARAT UNTUK ANALISIS KESELAMATAN TAPAK PLTN. Material bawah permukaan (batuan dasar) merupakan bagian dari aspek geologi, geofisik geoteknik yang perlu dikaji dalam kegiatan penyiapan tapak PLTN. Bapeten merekomendasikan pentingnya kajian tersebut melalui Perka Bapeten No 4 Tahun 2008, dan BATAN telah melakukan kajian tersebut untuk studi kelayakan PLTN. Berdasarkan hal ini telah dilakukan tinjauan batuan dasar di sepanjang pantai Kalimantan Barat yang merupakan wilayah studi calon tapak Kalbar untuk analisis keselamatan tapak PLTN. Tujuan penelitian adalah memperoleh data batuan dasar dalam rangka untuk analisis aspek geologi dan geoteknik pondasi untuk keselamatan tapak PLTN. Data yang diperoleh untuk rekomendasi lokasi calon tapak PLTN Kalbar. Metodologi yang digunakan meliputi pengumpulan data sekunder, konfirmasi lapangan, diskripsi, identifikasi, interpretasi dan analisis data. Lokasi penelitian meliputi wilayah pantai dari Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kayong Utara dan Ketapang, Kalimantan Barat. Studi dilakukan pada bulan November 2013 - Februari 2014. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wilayah Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kayong Utara dan Ketapang merupakan dataran rendah, dataran tinggi, dan perbukitan yang didominasi oleh batuan alluvium dan batuan terobosan granit, granodiorit, diorite, dan dasit. Daerah Sukadana dan sekitarnya dibentuk oleh batuan berumur kapur, yaitu metasedimen, metamorf, dan granit yang mengandung mineral kuarsit turmalin, kuarsit muskovit, sekis kuarsa, biotit, serta terobosan mikro diorite yang ditutupi alluvium. Berdasarkan struktur geologi tersebut daerah Sukadana, Kayong Utara dan Kendawangan terindikasi dapat diusulkan sebagai calon tapak PLTN. Kata kunci : Batuan dasar, tapak PLTN, Kalimantan Barat. ABSTRACT STUDY OF ROCK IN SOME DISTRICT AREAS OF WEST KALIMANTAN FOR SITE SAFETY ANALYSIS OF NPP. Subsurface materials (bedrock) is part of the geology, geophysical, geotechnical aspects that needs to be studied in a preparation activities of nuclear power plant (NPP) site. BAPETEN has recommended the importance of the study by Perka BAPETEN No. 4 of 2008, and BATAN has conducted such studies for NPP feasibility study. Based on this, study of bedrock along the coast of West Kalimantan which is a prospective study as a site candidate at west of Kalimantan has been done for the NPP site safety analysis. The purpose of the study was to obtain bedrock data in order to analysis of geological aspect and foundation geotechnical for the nuclear power plant site safety. The data obtained for the location of the candidate recommendation nuclear power plant site in West Kalimantan. Methodologies used include secondary data collection, field confirmation, description, identification, interpretation and analysis of data. Location of research includes the coastal areas of Kubu Raya regency, North Kayong and Ketapang, West Kalimantan. The study was conducted in November 2013 - February 2014. Results showed that the Kubu Raya Regency, Kayong Utara and Ketapang is lowland, highland, and the hills are dominated by alluvium and rocks breakthrough rock granite, granodiorite, diorite and dacite. Sukadana and surrounding area was formed by the old lime rock, which metasedimen, metamorphic, granite and quartzite containing mineral tourmaline, muscovite quartzite, quartz schist, biotite, and breakthroughs are covered with alluvium micro diorite. Based on the geological structure, Sukadana area, Kayong Utara, and Kendawangan indicated and can be proposed as a potential nuclear power plant site. Kata kunci: base rocks, NPP site, West Kalimantan. 311 Tinjauan Awal Batuan Dasar Wilayah Pantai ... ISSN: 2355-7524 Hadi Suntoko, dkk. 1. PENDAHULUAN BATAN sebagai promotor dan promosi teknis dalam rangka aplikasi energi nuklir untuk menyongsong kebutuhan energi nasional yang bersih dan aman, salah satunya adalah penyiapan tapak melalui studi kelayakan. Perka BAPETEN No. 4 Tahun 2008, IAEA dalam Safety Standard Series NS-R-3 (2003), dan IAEA Safety Guide Series SG-50-S9 (1984) telah merekomendasikan pentingnya kajian aspek geologi, geofisik dan geoteknik yang salah satunya yaitu material bawah permukaan (batuan dasar)[1,2,3]. Seperti diketahui, kegiatan kajian tapak merupakan kaijan tahap regional untuk Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir (PLTN) melalui tinjauan batuan dasar. 1.1 Tujuan Penelitian Tujuan penelitian adalah melakukan identifikasi awal batuan dasar dalam rangka untuk analisis aspek geologi, geoteknik pondasi untuk keselamatan tapak PLTN. Data yang diperoleh digunakan untuk rekomendasi pada persiapan pembangunan pondasi terkait dengan keselamatan tapak PLTN. Kegiatan ini didasarkan pada pengumpulan data sekunder, tinjauan lapangan, pengolahan data, interpretasi dan evaluasi. Kegiatan pengumpulan data sekunder didasarkan pada referensi peneliti sebelumnya dari Distamben Provinsi Kalbar dan instansi terkait yang ada di wilayah penelitian. Tinjauan lapangan (konfirmasi) dipusatkan di wilayah pantai mencakup pengamatan, deskripsi, interpretasi, dan pengumpulan data dari bukti-bukti yang dapat dicatat yang selanjutnya dilakukan analisis untuk menyusun laporan. 1.2 Kondisi Umum Lokasi penelitian merupakan pantai meliputi Kabupaten Kubu Raya hingga Kabupaten Ketapang yang dapat dicapai menggunakan kendaraan roda empat dan dilanjutkan dengan jalan kaki. Secara geografis lokasi tersebut terletak pada posisi Bujur 108.560⁰ sampai 111.261⁰ Bujur Timur dan Lintang -0.260⁰ sampai -3.260 Lintang Selatan[4]. Kegiatan survei tapak merupakan kaijan tahap regional untuk Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir (PLTN) di Kalimantan Barat melalui tinjauan batuan dasar di wilayah pantai Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kayong Utara dan Kabupaten Ketapang sesuai kriteria baku dalam proses siting. Tujuan kajian adalah memperoleh data batuan dasar dalam rangka untuk analisis aspek geologi, geoteknik pondasi untuk keselamatan tapak PLTN. Data yang diperoleh diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk rekomendasi lokasi calon tapak PLTN Kalbar berdasarkan keberadaan batuan keras untuk persiapan pondasi. Seperti diketahui, batuan keras antara lain adalah batuan beku jenis granit, gradodiorit, diorit, gabro. Batuan vulkanik antara lain lava, tufa, vulkanoklastika dan batuan metamorf meliputi sekis, geneies, filit, dan kuarsit[5]. 2.METODOLOGI 2.1 Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian Pengumpulan data sekunder dan kegiatan konfirmasi lapangan dilakukan bulan Agustus – Desember 2013. Lokasi penelitian meliputi kecamatan yang berada di sepanjang pantai barat Kalbar, yaitu Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kayong Utara, dan Kabupaten Ketapang (Gambar 1). 312 Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi Energi Nuklir 2014 ISSN: 2355-7524 Pontianak, 19 Juni 2014 2.2 Lingkup Kegiatan Lingkup kegiatan meliputi pengamatan topografi dan pola aliran sungai, stratigrafi, struktur geologi, dan konfirmasi lapangan. Pada tahapan ini dilakukan diskripsi, identifikasi, interpretasi dan analisis data sekunder maupun data primer dari hasil pengumpulan kegiatan konfirmasi di lapangan. Kegiatan diskripsi dimulai dari pendataan lokasi, tanggal bulan dan tahun pendataan, koordinat, jenis dan hubungannya dengan data lainnya. Identifikasi merupakan pengenalan data yang dikaitkan dengan data sekunder hasil analisis deskwork yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan interpretasi data Gambar 1. Lokasi Penelitian (Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kabupeten Kayong Utara dan Kabupaten Ketapang). Data sekunder diperoleh dari peneliti sebelumnya khususnya dari Pemda Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kayong Utara dan Ketapang. Konfirmasi lapangan dilakukan berdasarkan peta yang dibuat oleh Pusat Survei Geologi Bandung (PSG) dan peta daerah kajian hasil penelitian Distamben Provinsi dan kabupaten di Kalbar. Data mencakup wilayah pesisir pantai pada radius 3 km ke arah darat. Data primer diperoleh dari konfirmasi lapangan berdasarkan singkapan yang dapat diamati di sepanjang pantai. Hasil survei tapak ini akan menjadi dasar untuk penelitian berikutnya radius near regional (radius 25 km) sehingga didapatkan tapak-tapak kandidat terseleksi. Tinjauan batuan dasar merupakan bagian kajian aspek geologi dalam tahapan survei yang diawali dari analisis peta geologi yang berasal dari PSG, Distamben Provinsi Kalbar dan Distamben Kabupaten (Kubu Raya, Kayung Utara dan Ketapang). Analisis meliputi, identifikasi, interpretasi terhadap semua data yang terkumpul baik sekunder maupun primer. Analisis data sekunder memberikan informasi awal daerah-daerah yang memiliki batuan keras dan daerah yang ditutupi oleh endapan batuan hasil proses kegiatan geologi. Analisis data primer merupakan hasil interpretasi data lapangan hasil kegiatan konfirmasi yang didasarkan data sekunder dan selanjutnya hasil analisis berupa 313 Tinjauan Awal Batuan Dasar Wilayah Pantai ... ISSN: 2355-7524 Hadi Suntoko, dkk. rekomendasi yang dapat digunakan untuk kegiatan survei tahapan selanjutnya. Kedua analisis dilakukan menggunakan metode diskriptif interpretatif terhadap data yang tersedia dalam skala regional. Beberapa titik daerah yang dijadikan center of study selanjutnya dilakukan analisis berdasarkan kriteria umum dalam memproses pemilihan tapak. Keberterimaan tapak potensial dari aspek batuan dasar merupakan
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