Spratly Islands

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Spratly Islands R i 120 110 u T4-Y5 o Ganzhou Fuqing n h Chenzhou g Haitan S T2- J o Dao Daojiang g T3 S i a n Putian a i a n X g i Chi-lung- Chuxiong g n J 21 T6 D Kunming a i Xingyi Chang’an o Licheng Xiuyu Sha Lung shih O J a T n Guilin T O N pa Longyan T7 Keelung n Qinglanshan H Na N Lecheng T8 T1 - S A an A p Quanzhou 22 T'ao-yüan Taipei M an T22 I L Ji S H Zhongshu a * h South China Sea ng Hechi Lo-tung Yonaguni- I MIYAKO-RETTO S K Hsin-chu- m c Yuxi Shaoguan i jima S A T21 a I n shih Suao l ) Zhangzhou Xiamen c e T20 n r g e Liuzhou Babu s a n U T Taichung e a Quemoy p i Meizhou n i Y o J YAEYAMA-RETTO a h J t n J i Taiwan C L Yingcheng K China a a Sui'an ( o i 23 n g u H U h g n g Fuxing T'ai- a s e i n Strait Claimed Straight Baselines Kaiyuan H ia Hua-lien Y - Claims in the Paracel and Spratly Islands Bose J Mai-Liao chung-shih i Q J R i Maritime Lines u i g T9 Y h e n e o s ia o Dongshan CHINA u g B D s Tropic of Cancer J Hon n Qingyuan Tropic of Cancer Established maritime boundary ian J Chaozhou Makung n Declaration of the People’s Republic of China on the Baseline of the Territorial Sea, May 15, 1996 g i Pingnan Heyuan PESCADORES Taiwan a Xicheng an Wuzhou 21 25° 25.8' 00" N 119° 56.3' 00" E 31 21° 27.7' 00" N 112° 21.5' 00" E 41 18° 14.6' 00" N 109° 07.6' 00" E While Bandar Seri Begawan has not articulated claims to reefs in the South g Jieyang Chaozhou 24 T19 N BRUNEI Claim line Kaihua T10- Hsi-yü-p’ing Chia-i 22 24° 58.6' 00" N 119° 28.7' 00" E 32 19° 58.5' 00" N 111° 16.4' 00" E 42 18° 19.3' 00" N 108° 57.1' 00" E China Sea (SCS), since 1985 the Sultanate has claimed a continental shelf Xinjing Guiping Xu Shantou T11 Yü Luxu n Jiang T12 23 24° 09.7' 00" N 118° 14.2' 00" E 33 19° 53.0' 00" N 111° 12.8' 00" E 43 18° 30.2' 00" N 108° 41.3' 00" E X Puning T13 that extends beyond these features to a hypothetical median with Vietnam. Bruneian continental shelf claim Guigang i Jiang Guangzhou 24 23° 31.9' 00" N 117° 41.3' 00" E 34 18° 39.7' 00" N 110° 29.6' 00" E 44 18° 30.4' 00" N 108° 41.1' 00" E Simao Dongguan 25-26 Liu-ch’iu T'ai-nan Shanwei Yü Anping 25 23° 12.9' 00" N 117° 14.9' 00" E 35 18° 39.4' 00" N 110° 29.1' 00" E 45 18° 31.0' 00" N 108° 40.6' 00" E Malaysia contends Brunei’s maritime limit stops at the 100-fathom isobath Ha Giang Huicheng T'ai- Chinese S Huizhou o Nanning Zhaoqing Huangpu 26 23° 12.3' 00" N 117° 13.9' 00" E 36 18° 26.1' 00" N 110° 08.4' 00" E 46 18° 31.1' 00" N 108° 40.5' 00" E from the coast based on 1958 UK Orders in Council. China’s and Taiwan’s n ng P'ing- tung (series of 9 dashes; the 10th dash shown on g Cao Bang ia Foshan Haicheng Lufeng 27 Yun-an B J Nansha tung T18 27 22° 56.1' 00" N 116° 29.7' 00" E 37 18° 23.0' 00" N 110° 03.0' 00" E 47 18° 50.5' 00" N 108° 37.3' 00" E claimed areas in the SCS include the seaward extension of Brunei’s maritime map is outside of the South China Sea) a Yu Lingcheng Huizhou Tsoying ng ng Lü Tao 28 22° 18.9' 00" N 115° 07.5' 00" E 38 18° 11.0' 00" N 109° 42.1' 00" E 48 19° 11.6' 00" N 108° 36.0' 00" E M G ia claim. China (including Taiwan), Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam do Sa Pa ia J Jiangmen Shiqi Shenzhen Shanwei ng uo Yulin Kao-hsiung 29 21° 48.5' 00" N 113° 58.0' 00" E 39 18° 11.0' 00" N 109° 41.8' 00" E 49 19° 21.1' 00" N 108° 38.6' 00" E 1979 Malaysian continental shelf limit e Red Z Shekou Guangdong not accept Brunei’s claims. k Xinyi Zhongshan Ta-Lin-Pu 30 21° 34.1' 00" N 112° 47.9' 00" E 40 18° 09.5' 00" N 109° 34.4' 00" E o Yantian Terminal n T14 Philippine (Kalayaan) g Bobai Changsha Zhuhai Pingxiang Hong 28 Liu-ch’iu Yü Lan Yü MALAYSIA Hypothethical equidistant line Qinzhou Macau Kong Gaozhou Special Administrative O-luan T16- Malaysia has not formally claimed and specifi ed a system of baselines in the Baselines Maritime Zones Act ratifi ed in 2007 but baselines were apparently drawn to B S Special l o Yangjiang Mao-pi Pi T17 Phongsali ac Thai n Administrative Region determine Malaysia’s territorial sea limits, which are shown on offi cial maps. Malaysian-Vietnamese joint CLCS (Commission on k g Fangcheng T’ou Ky Lianzhou Beijing refers to the Spratly Islands, Paracel Islands, Pratas Island, and Yen Bai Nguyen C Region 29 Lufeng T15 CHINA the Limits of the Continental Shelf) southern ung Maoming Terminal (claimed by CHINA and VIETNAM) Scarborough Reef as Nansha Qundao, Xisha Qundao, Dongsha Qundao, Shangchuan PARACEL ISLANDS submission Son La Beihai Wuchuan Dao Bashi Channel Declaration on Chinese-claimed straight baselines, May 15, 1996 and Huangyan Dao, respectively, claiming these as well as all surfacing and Hailing 30 Huizhou Dao 31 Terminal im Shuidong Munin a 1 16° 40' 30" N 112° 44' 12" E 11 15° 46' 30" N 111° 11' 36" E 21 17° 07' 06" N 111° 31' 36" E undersea features within nine dashes drawn on Chinese SCS maps. China 200-nautical-mile arc drawn from undisputed territory Cam Dao Vình l 99- HANOI Hon Thuc Zhanjiang Xijiang c 101 1 e Y’Ami 2 16° 40' 06" N 112° 44' 30" E 12 15° 46' 42" N 111° 11' 24" E 22 17° 06' 54" N 111° 32' 00" E Louang Gai Pha Weizhou 23-1 Xijiang s treats Scarborough Reef, also claimed by the Philippines, as part of partially Dao e Island 12-nautical-mile line Namtha 30-2 n 3 16° 39' 48" N 112° 44' 42" E 13 15° 46' 54" N 111° 11' 18" E 23 16° 59' 54" N 112° 14' 42" E Haiphong Donghai Dao i drying Macclesfield Bank (Zhongsha Qundao). China adopted the nine QUAN DAO Leizhou h Itbayat 4 16° 04' 24" N 112° 35' 48" E 14 15° 47' 12" N 111° 11' 24" E 24 16° 59' 42" N 112° 15' 36" E C Spratly Islands12-nautical-mile line Ha Long CO TO Naozhou Dao Island BATAN 5 16° 01' 54" N 112° 32' 42" E 15 17° 04' 54" N 111° 26' 54" E 25 16° 59' 24" N 112° 16' 36" E dashes from Kuomintang maps drawn in 1947, resulting in Taiwan’s claims Doan D1 Weizhou Leizhou D2 98 (Under UNCLOS, states are entitled to claim 12-nm territorial seas from Xa QUAN DAO Panyu Liuhua ISLANDS 6 16° 01' 30" N 112° 31' 48" E 16 17° 05' 24" N 111° 26' 54" E 26 16° 58' 24" N 112° 18' 18" E coinciding largely with China’s. China considers the area within the dashes S 10-3 Bandao 4-2/5-1 D3 any and all of their sovereign and/or claimed territory.) o LONG CHAU Terminal 7 16° 01' 30" N 112° 24' 48" E 17 17° 05' 42" N 111° 27' 12" E 27 16° 57' 36" N 112° 19' 36" E n D4 Luzon Basco to be part of Hainan Province and has referred to the maritime space g Pratas Xam M Batan Island 8 15° 46' 30" N 111° 12' 36" E 18 17° 06' 00" N 111° 27' 48" E 28 16° 56' 54" N 112° 20' 30" E therein as Chinese “territorial waters,” an undefined term that does not Nua a Nam Dinh Xucheng Island Straight baseline ry 9 15° 46' 24" N 111° 12' 06" E 19 17° 06' 30" N 111° 29' 12" E 20 Dao Bach a 20 d Sabtang appear to conform to standard maritime regimes permitted under 23 Long Vi n 10 15° 46' 24" N 111° 11' 48" E 20 17° 07' 00" N 111° 31' 00" E u it Island Straight baseline turning point o Hainan Stra international law. Chinese archeologists assert the islands in the SCS were b Louangphrabang e Haikou 2 m the ancient site of fishing and merchant activities and Chinese records note ti Balintang Channel Note: The United States Government does not accept the validity of ri 32 TAIWAN a Macun Law on the Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone of the Republic of China, January 21, 1998 naval expeditions into the South China Sea during the Han Dynasty in A.D.
Recommended publications
  • POPCEN Report No. 3.Pdf
    CITATION: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2015 Census of Population, Report No. 3 – Population, Land Area, and Population Density ISSN 0117-1453 ISSN 0117-1453 REPORT NO. 3 22001155 CCeennssuuss ooff PPooppuullaattiioonn PPooppuullaattiioonn,, LLaanndd AArreeaa,, aanndd PPooppuullaattiioonn DDeennssiittyy Republic of the Philippines Philippine Statistics Authority Quezon City REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES HIS EXCELLENCY PRESIDENT RODRIGO R. DUTERTE PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY BOARD Honorable Ernesto M. Pernia Chairperson PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY Lisa Grace S. Bersales, Ph.D. National Statistician Josie B. Perez Deputy National Statistician Censuses and Technical Coordination Office Minerva Eloisa P. Esquivias Assistant National Statistician National Censuses Service ISSN 0117-1453 FOREWORD The Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) conducted the 2015 Census of Population (POPCEN 2015) in August 2015 primarily to update the country’s population and its demographic characteristics, such as the size, composition, and geographic distribution. Report No. 3 – Population, Land Area, and Population Density is among the series of publications that present the results of the POPCEN 2015. This publication provides information on the population size, land area, and population density by region, province, highly urbanized city, and city/municipality based on the data from population census conducted by the PSA in the years 2000, 2010, and 2015; and data on land area by city/municipality as of December 2013 that was provided by the Land Management Bureau (LMB) of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). Also presented in this report is the percent change in the population density over the three census years. The population density shows the relationship of the population to the size of land where the population resides.
    [Show full text]
  • THE PHILIPPINES, 1942-1944 James Kelly Morningstar, Doctor of History
    ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: WAR AND RESISTANCE: THE PHILIPPINES, 1942-1944 James Kelly Morningstar, Doctor of History, 2018 Dissertation directed by: Professor Jon T. Sumida, History Department What happened in the Philippine Islands between the surrender of Allied forces in May 1942 and MacArthur’s return in October 1944? Existing historiography is fragmentary and incomplete. Memoirs suffer from limited points of view and personal biases. No academic study has examined the Filipino resistance with a critical and interdisciplinary approach. No comprehensive narrative has yet captured the fighting by 260,000 guerrillas in 277 units across the archipelago. This dissertation begins with the political, economic, social and cultural history of Philippine guerrilla warfare. The diverse Islands connected only through kinship networks. The Americans reluctantly held the Islands against rising Japanese imperial interests and Filipino desires for independence and social justice. World War II revealed the inadequacy of MacArthur’s plans to defend the Islands. The General tepidly prepared for guerrilla operations while Filipinos spontaneously rose in armed resistance. After his departure, the chaotic mix of guerrilla groups were left on their own to battle the Japanese and each other. While guerrilla leaders vied for local power, several obtained radios to contact MacArthur and his headquarters sent submarine-delivered agents with supplies and radios that tie these groups into a united framework. MacArthur’s promise to return kept the resistance alive and dependent on the United States. The repercussions for social revolution would be fatal but the Filipinos’ shared sacrifice revitalized national consciousness and created a sense of deserved nationhood. The guerrillas played a key role in enabling MacArthur’s return.
    [Show full text]
  • JULY, 1926 a Full-Fledged Hurricane Raged up the Mexican West by Rev
    306 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW JULY,1926 In the American tropics a small cyclone was encountered way place for its occurrence, namely, in 19' N., 125' to on the 21st,.near 19' N., 131' W., by the American 130' W. steamer Oak Park. The lowest pressure observed by the TYPHOONS AND DEPRESSlONS vessel was 29.49 inches, highest wind-force, 8. Nothing further is known of the movements of the cyclone. FOUR TYPHOONS IN THE PHILIPPINES IN JULY, 1926 A full-fledged hurricane raged up the Mexican west By Rev. Josk CORONAE,S. J. coast from the 5th until the 9th. It probably originated [Weather Bureau, Manila, P. I.] near 10' N., 97' W., moved northwestward, and was last heard from near 19' N., 110' W. Several vessels There were four typhoons in the Philippines during met this storm, but most of them encountered moderate t,he last month of July, one having passed between Luzon gales and depressions only. Two steamers, the British and the Visayas, another across northern Luzon, and the M. S. Reginolite, Capt. F. A. Germain, master and ot,her two across the Balint'ang Channel. observer, from San Pedro to Balboa, and the American The first one was an intense but very small typhoon, tank steamer Coalingga, Capt. N. E. Larson, Mr. S. wihh a radius of no more than 30 miles. It entered Samar Lindholm, second officer, Iquique to Los Angeles, during the night of the 3d to the 4th; traversed Masbate experienced heavier winds and seas, and the Coctlingn in the morning of the same day, and Romblon in the battled for hours in a full hurricane, lowest observed aft'ernoon.
    [Show full text]
  • Cruising Guide to the Philippines
    Cruising Guide to the Philippines For Yachtsmen By Conant M. Webb Draft of 06/16/09 Webb - Cruising Guide to the Phillippines Page 2 INTRODUCTION The Philippines is the second largest archipelago in the world after Indonesia, with around 7,000 islands. Relatively few yachts cruise here, but there seem to be more every year. In most areas it is still rare to run across another yacht. There are pristine coral reefs, turquoise bays and snug anchorages, as well as more metropolitan delights. The Filipino people are very friendly and sometimes embarrassingly hospitable. Their culture is a unique mixture of indigenous, Spanish, Asian and American. Philippine charts are inexpensive and reasonably good. English is widely (although not universally) spoken. The cost of living is very reasonable. This book is intended to meet the particular needs of the cruising yachtsman with a boat in the 10-20 meter range. It supplements (but is not intended to replace) conventional navigational materials, a discussion of which can be found below on page 16. I have tried to make this book accurate, but responsibility for the safety of your vessel and its crew must remain yours alone. CONVENTIONS IN THIS BOOK Coordinates are given for various features to help you find them on a chart, not for uncritical use with GPS. In most cases the position is approximate, and is only given to the nearest whole minute. Where coordinates are expressed more exactly, in decimal minutes or minutes and seconds, the relevant chart is mentioned or WGS 84 is the datum used. See the References section (page 157) for specific details of the chart edition used.
    [Show full text]
  • Pilkada 2015 and Patronage Practice Among Bureaucrat in West Kalimantan, Indonesia
    Asian Social Science; Vol. 12, No. 9; 2016 ISSN 1911-2017 E-ISSN 1911-2025 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Pilkada 2015 and Patronage Practice among Bureaucrat in West Kalimantan, Indonesia Ngusmanto Ngusmanto1 1 Department of Public Administration, Tanjungpura University, West Kalimantan, Indonesia Correspondence: Ngusmanto Ngusmanto, Department of Public Administration, Tanjungpura University, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Jalan Prof. Dr. H. Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat, 78124, Indonesia. Tel: 62-812-5711-773. E-mail: [email protected] Received: July 28, 2016 Accepted: August 4, 2016 Online Published: August 26, 2016 doi:10.5539/ass.v12n9p236 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v12n9p236 Abstract Majority studies on electoral dynamics in Indonesia are reinforce patronage as a pattern of relationships between candidates, winning team, and voters. One of winning team element which have little attention from scholars is bureaucrat. Although, normatively, bureaucrats are required to neutral in all type of general election, but in fact bureaucrats is very involved deeply in general elections. Based on empirical research in Sintang District and Ketapang District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, we found that bureaucrats have a significant role as a winning team in pilkada (direct election for local leader). Patronage is a keyword to explain political relation between bureaucrats and candidate in pilkada. This situation was triggered by the fact that there are many candidates who have social background as civil servant and, consequently, have direct access to bureaucracy. Bureaucrats have high motivation to participate in pilkada as a broker due to protecting their vested interest. In our cases, the vested interest of bureaucrat is career stability which is promising additional personal revenue and social status.
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainable Agricultural Production Systems for Food Security in a Changing Climate in Batanes, Philippines
    Journal of Developments in Sustainable Agriculture 9: 111-119 (2014) Sustainable Agricultural Production Systems for Food Security in a Changing Climate in Batanes, Philippines Lucille Elna P. de Guzman1, Oscar B. Zamora1, 2,JoanPaulineP.Talubo3* and Cesar Doroteo V. Hostallero4 1 Crop Science Cluster, College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Baños 2 Office of the Vice-Chancellor for Academic Affairs, University of the Philippines Los Baños 3 Department of Community and Environmental Resource Planning, College of Human Ecology, University of the Philippines Los Baños 4 Office of the Provincial Agriculturist, Basco, Batanes, Philippines Climate change could have significant impacts in the Philippines on large sections of the population who are poor and vulnerable, especially those who live in areas prone to coastal storms, drought and sea level rise. The sectors mostly affected by climate change are agriculture and food security because of the risk of low productivity due to increasing temperature, drought, and increasing frequency and intensity of rainfall that brings about floods and land- slides. Located in the northernmost tip of the country, the Batanes group of islands lies on the country’s typhoon belt. Because of vulnerability and isolation from the rest of the archipelago, the Ivatans have developed self-sufficient, organic and climate-resilient crop production systems. This paper presents the indigenous crop production systems that have made the Ivatans food self-sufficient despite vulnerability of their agroecosystem. A typical Ivatan farmer owns 3-7 parcels of land. Each parcel has an average size of 300-500 m2.Farmers practice a rootcrop-based multiple cropping system with specific spatial arrangements of corn (Zea mays), gabi (Colocasia esculenta), yam (Dioscorea alata) and tugui (Dioscorea esculenta), using corn stover, hardwood trees or a local reed called viyawu (Miscanthus sp.) as trellis.
    [Show full text]
  • Directory of CRM Learning Destinations in the Philippines 2Nd
    Directory of CRMLearningDestinations in the Philippines by League of Municipalities of the Philippines (LMP), Department of Agriculture-Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (DA-BFAR) Fisheries Improved for Sustainable Harvest (FISH) Project, World Wide Fund for Nature- Philippines (WWF-Philippines), and Conservation International (CI). 2ND EDITION 2009 Printed in Cebu City, Philippines Citation: LMP, FISH Project, WWF-Philippines, and CI-Philippines. 2009. Directory of CRM Learning Destinations in the Philippines. 2nd Edition. League of Municipalities of the Philippines (LMP), Department of Agriculture-Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (DA-BFAR) Fisheries Improved for Sustainable Harvest (FISH) Project, World Wide Fund for Nature-Philippines (WWF-Philippines), and Conservation International-Philippines (CI-Philippines). Cebu City, Philippines. This publication was made possible through support provided by the Fisheries Improved for Sustainable Harvest (FISH) Project of the Department of Agriculture-Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under the terms and conditions of USAID Contract Nos. AID-492-C-00-96-00028- 00 and AID-492-C-00-03-00022-00. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the USAID. This publication may be reproduced or quoted in other publications as long as proper reference is made to the source. Partner coordination: Howard Cafugauan, Marlito Guidote, Blady Mancenido, and Rebecca Pestaño-Smith Contributions: Camiguin Coastal Resource Management Project: Evelyn Deguit Conservation International-Philippines: Pacifico Beldia II, Annabelle Cruz-Trinidad and Sheila Vergara Coastal Conservation and Education Foundation: Atty. Rose-Liza Eisma-Osorio FISH Project: Atty. Leoderico Avila, Jr., Kristina Dalusung, Joey Gatus, Aniceta Gulayan, Moh.
    [Show full text]
  • Press Release
    PRESS RELEASE Highlights of the Region II (Cagayan Valley) Population 2020 Census of Population and Housing (2020 CPH) Date of Release: 20 August 2021 Reference No. 2021-317 • The population of Region II - Cagayan Valley as of 01 May 2020 is 3,685,744 based on the 2020 Census of Population and Housing (2020 CPH). This accounts for about 3.38 percent of the Philippine population in 2020. • The 2020 population of the region is higher by 234,334 from the population of 3.45 million in 2015, and 456,581 more than the population of 3.23 million in 2010. Moreover, it is higher by 872,585 compared with the population of 2.81 million in 2000. (Table 1) Table 1. Total Population Based on Various Censuses: Region II - Cagayan Valley Census Year Census Reference Date Total Population 2000 May 1, 2000 2,813,159 2010 May 1, 2010 3,229,163 2015 August 1, 2015 3,451,410 2020 May 1, 2020 3,685,744 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority • The population of Region II increased by 1.39 percent annually from 2015 to 2020. By comparison, the rate at which the population of the region grew from 2010 to 2015 was lower at 1.27 percent. (Table 2) Table 2. Annual Population Growth Rate: Region II - Cagayan Valley (Based on Various Censuses) Intercensal Period Annual Population Growth Rate (%) 2000 to 2010 1.39 2010 to 2015 1.27 2015 to 2020 1.39 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority PSA Complex, East Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines 1101 Telephone: (632) 8938-5267 www.psa.gov.ph • Among the five provinces comprising Region II, Isabela had the biggest population in 2020 with 1,697,050 persons, followed by Cagayan with 1,268,603 persons, Nueva Vizcaya with 497,432 persons, and Quirino with 203,828 persons.
    [Show full text]
  • Round Scad Exploration by Purse Seine in the South China Sea, Area III: Western Philippines
    Round scad exploration by purse seine in the South China Sea, Area III: Western Philippines Item Type book_section Authors Pastoral, Prospero C.; Escobar Jr., Severino L.; Lamarca, Napoleon J. Publisher Secretariat, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center Download date 01/10/2021 13:06:13 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/40530 Proceedings of the SEAFDEC Seminar on Fishery Resources in the South China Sea, Area III: Western Philippines Round Scad Exploration by Purse Seine in the South China Sea, Area III: Western Philippines Prospero C. Pastoral1, Severino L. Escobar, Jr.1 and Napoleon J. Lamarca2 1BFAR-National Marine Fisheries Development Center, Sangley Point, Cavite City, Philippines 2BFAR-Fishing Technology Division, 860 Arcadia Bldg., Quezon Avenue, Quezon City, Philippines ABSTRACT Round scad exploration by purse seine in the waters of western Philippines was conducted from April 22 to May 7, 1998 for a period of five (5) fishing days with a total catch of 7.3 tons and an average of 1.5 tons per setting. Dominant species caught were Decapterus spp. having 70.09% of the total catch, followed by Selar spp. at 12.66% and Rastrelliger spp. 10.70%. Among the Decapterus spp. caught, D. macrosoma attained the highest total catch composition by species having 68.81% followed by D. kurroides and D.russelli with 0.31% and 1.14% respectively. The round scad fishery stock was composed mainly of juvenile fish (less than 13 cm) and Age group II (13 cm to 14 cm). Few large round scad at Age group IV and V (20 cm to 28 cm) stayed at the fishery.
    [Show full text]
  • M.V. Solita's Passage Notes
    M.V. SOLITA’S PASSAGE NOTES SABAH BORNEO, MALAYSIA Updated August 2014 1 CONTENTS General comments Visas 4 Access to overseas funds 4 Phone and Internet 4 Weather 5 Navigation 5 Geographical Observations 6 Flags 10 Town information Kota Kinabalu 11 Sandakan 22 Tawau 25 Kudat 27 Labuan 31 Sabah Rivers Kinabatangan 34 Klias 37 Tadian 39 Pura Pura 40 Maraup 41 Anchorages 42 2 Sabah is one of the 13 Malaysian states and with Sarawak, lies on the northern side of the island of Borneo, between the Sulu and South China Seas. Sabah and Sarawak cover the northern coast of the island. The lower two‐thirds of Borneo is Kalimantan, which belongs to Indonesia. The area has a fascinating history, and probably because it is on one of the main trade routes through South East Asia, Borneo has had many masters. Sabah and Sarawak were incorporated into the Federation of Malaysia in 1963 and Malaysia is now regarded a safe and orderly Islamic country. Sabah has a diverse ethnic population of just over 3 million people with 32 recognised ethnic groups. The largest of these is the Malays (these include the many different cultural groups that originally existed in their own homeland within Sabah), Chinese and “non‐official immigrants” (mainly Filipino and Indonesian). In recent centuries piracy was common here, but it is now generally considered relatively safe for cruising. However, the nearby islands of Southern Philippines have had some problems with militant fundamentalist Muslim groups – there have been riots and violence on Mindanao and the Tawi Tawi Islands and isolated episodes of kidnapping of people from Sabah in the past 10 years or so.
    [Show full text]
  • ADDRESSING ILLEGAL WILDLIFE TRADE in the PHILIPPINES PHILIPPINES Second-Largest Archipelago in the World Comprising 7,641 Islands
    ADDRESSING ILLEGAL WILDLIFE TRADE IN THE PHILIPPINES PHILIPPINES Second-largest archipelago in the world comprising 7,641 islands Current population is 100 million, but projected to reach 125 million by 2030; most people, particularly the poor, depend on biodiversity 114 species of amphibians 240 Protected Areas 228 Key Biodiversity Areas 342 species of reptiles, 68% are endemic One of only 17 mega-diverse countries for harboring wildlife species found 4th most important nowhere else in the world country in bird endemism with 695 species More than 52,177 (195 endemic and described species, half 126 restricted range) of which are endemic 5th in the world in terms of total plant species, half of which are endemic Home to 5 of 7 known marine turtle species in the world green, hawksbill, olive ridley, loggerhead, and leatherback turtles ILLEGAL WILDLIFE TRADE The value of Illegal Wildlife Trade (IWT) is estimated at $10 billion–$23 billion per year, making wildlife crime the fourth most lucrative illegal business after narcotics, human trafficking, and arms. The Philippines is a consumer, source, and transit point for IWT, threatening endemic species populations, economic development, and biodiversity. The country has been a party to the Convention on Biological Diversity since 1992. The value of IWT in the Philippines is estimated at ₱50 billion a year (roughly equivalent to $1billion), which includes the market value of wildlife and its resources, their ecological role and value, damage to habitats incurred during poaching, and loss in potential
    [Show full text]
  • Rspo Notification of Proposed New Planting
    RSPO New Planting Procedure Assessment Report PT Karya Bakti Agro Sejahtera-3 – West Kalimantan ` RSPO NOTIFICATION OF PROPOSED NEW PLANTING This notification shall be on RSPO website for 30 days as required by the RSPO procedures for new plantings (http://www.rspo.otg/?q=page/535). It has also been posted on local on site notice boards. Date of notification: August 12, 2016 Tick whichever is appropriate √ This is a completely new development and stakeholders may submit comments This is part of an ongoing planting and is meant for notifications only Company: Bumitama Agri, Ltd Subsidiary: PT Karya Bakti Agro Sejahtera – 3 RSPO Membership No : 1-0043-07-000-00 Location of Proposed New Planting: Kendawangan Subdistrict and Marau Subdisctrict, Ketapang District, West Kalimantan Province. GPS Reference : 2o9’46.11’’ – 2o23’0.87’’ LS - 110o25’1.47’’ – 110o38’1.67’’ BT RSPO New Planting Procedure Assessment Report PT Karya Bakti Agro Sejahtera 3 – West Kalimantan Location of the Proposed New Planting PT Karya Bakti Agro Sejehtara 3 (PT KBAS-3) a subsidiary Bumitama Agri, Ltd, is developing area approximately was 6,680 Ha based on Location Permit Number 567/PEM/2015 accordance to Head of District of Ketapang for palm oil plantation development, located at Kendawangan Subdistrict and Marau Subdistrict, Ketapang District – West Kalimantan Province. The shareholders of PT KBAS - 3 are BAL Group was 99.6% under PT Agro Manunggal Sawitindo (member of BAL) and Bumitama Gunajaya Agro was 0.4%. General company location information: Description Information
    [Show full text]