197

Index

abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) 3 bipolar disorder 82 abdominal trauma 43–44 bites abscess 179 animal 179 peritonsillar 30–31 human 184–185 Achilles tendon injuries 91, 103 bleeding see haemorrhage acromioclavicular joint injury 114 blindness, sudden onset 152 acute angle‐closure glaucoma 147 borderline personality disorder 82 acute coronary syndrome (ACS) 4–5 Bouytonniere deformity 106 acute kidney injury (AKI) 65 Boxer’s fracture 105 acute left ventricular failure 14 bradycardia 10, 193 acute otitis media (AOM) 29–30 algorithm 11 acute sore throat 23–24 bronchitis, chronic 168 alcohol misuse 157 burns 180–182 alcohol withdrawal 157 bursitis amputation, traumatic 116 olecranon 96, 98 anaphylaxis 5–6 pre‐patellar 109 algorithm 7 angina, unstable 4 calcanium fractures 95 animal bites 179 carbon monoxide poisoning 158 ankle injuries 92–93 carpal bone fracture 120 anterior uveitis 147–148 cellulitis 182–183 anxiety disorders 83 cerebrovascular event 132–133 acute anxiety 85–86 chemical injury, eye 149–150 aortic dissection, thoracic 8 chest sepsis 166–167 appendicitis 44–45 chest wall injury 167–168 arrhythmias chickenpox 187–188 atrial fibrillation (AF) 9–10 cholecystitis (acute) 45–46 bradycardia 10–11, 193 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease tachycardia 19–20, 194, 195 (COPD) 168–170 torsade de pointes 194 chronic renal failure 66 ventricular fibrillation 195 clavicle fractures 113 see also heart block cocaine misuse 159 asthma 165–166 colic, biliary 45 asystole 192 collateral ligament injuries atrial fibrillation (AF) 9–10, 191 knee 108 atrial flutter 191 ulnar 105–106 auricular haematoma 24 Colles’ fracture 119 compartment syndrome 95–96 back pain, acute 93–94 confusion, acute 83–84 Bell’s palsy COPYRIGHTED123–124 conjunctivitis MATERIAL 150 grading system 123–124 convulsions see seizures Bennett’s fracture 105 corneal injury 150–151 biceps tendon rupture 116, 117 coronary heart disease (CHD) 4 biliary colic 45 Crohn’s disease 46–47

Rapid Emergency and Unscheduled Care, First Edition. Oliver Phipps and Jason Lugg. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

0002680130.INDD 197 2/19/2016 8:50:39 PM 198 Index

croup 170–171 ear, nose and throat 26–27 cruciate ligament injuries 108 eye 151–152 cystic fibrosis 171–172 fractures calcanium 95 De Quervain tenosynovitis 120 clavicle 113 deep vein thrombosis (DVT) 12–13 elbow 96, 97, 99 deliberate self‐harm 86 femur 99–101 delirium 83–84 fibula 114–115 depression 83 foot 101–102 dermatophyte infection 183–184 hand 105–106 diabetes mellitus humerus 96, 97, 116, 117 type 1 35–36 patella 109 type 2 36 pelvis 111 diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) 35, 36–37 radius 99, 118 dislocation scaphoid 120 elbow 97 tibia 114–115 patella 109 ulna 118 shoulder 114 wrist 118–120 diverticulitis 47–48 drug misuse 158–160 gallstones 45 gamekeeper’s thumb 105 ear conditions gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease auricular haematoma 24 (GORD) 53–54 foreign bodies 26–27 gastrocnemius muscle tears 103–104 otitis externa, acute 29 gastroenteritis 48–49 otitis media, acute 29–30 gastrointestinal bleeding eclampsia 139 lower 52 ecstasy misuse 159 upper 49–51 ectopic pregnancy 139–140 gastrointestinal perforation 52–53 elbow injuries 96–99, 112–113 giant cell arteritis 126–127 electrocardiograph (ECG) 191 glandular fever 27–28 emphysema 168 Glasgow–Blatchford scoring 50–51 encephalitis 124–125 glaucoma, acute angle‐closure 147 epicondylitis 96, 98–99 Guillain–Barré syndrome 127 epiglottitis 24–25 epilepsy 125–126 haematoma, auricular 24 status epilepticus 131–132 haemorrhage epistaxis 25–26 lower gastrointestinal bleeding 52 Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), glandular nose bleed 25–26 fever 27 subarachnoid 133–134 eye trauma see ophthalmic trauma subconjunctival 153 subdural 134–135 fasciitis upper gastrointestinal bleeding 49–51 necrotising 185–186 vaginal bleeding (late plantar 111–112 pregnancy) 143–144 femoral injuries 99–101 haemothorax 173 fever hand injuries 104–106 glandular 26–28 volar plate injuries 118 typhoid 76–77 head injury 130–131 fibular injuries 114–115 heart block first‐degree heart block 192 first‐degree 192 flail chest 172 second‐degree 193 foot injuries 101–103 third‐degree 194 foreign bodies heart failure 13–14

0002680130.INDD 198 2/19/2016 8:50:39 PM Index 199

heroin misuse 159 myocardial infarction 4 herpes simplex (HSV) encephalitis 124 myocarditis 16–17 herpes zoster (shingles) 188–189 high blood pressure see hypertension neck pain 110 human bites 184–185 necrotising fasciitis 185–196 humerus fractures 116 non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes humeral head 117 mellitus 36 humeral shaft 117 normal sinus rhythm 192 supracondylar 96, 97 nose hyperemesis gravidarum 141 bleed 25–26 hyperkalaemia 38 foreign bodies 26–27 hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state injury 28–29 (HHS) 36 hypersensitivity reaction 5 olecranon bursitis 96, 98 hypertension 14–15 open chest wound 174 pre‐eclampsia 142–143 ophthalmic trauma hypoglycaemia 35, 36 blunt 148–149 hypokalaemia 38–39 chemical injury 149–150 corneal injury 150–151 impetigo 185 foreign bodies 151–152 infectious mononucleosis 27 superglue injuries 153–154 insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus 35–36 UV radiation injuries 154 intoxication 157 otitis externa, acute 29 irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) 54–55 otitis media, acute 29–30 ischaemic lower limb 15–16 overdose 159 paracetamol 159–160 kidney disease acute kidney injury (AKI) 65 pancreatitis chronic renal failure 66 acute 55–56 renal colic 67 chronic 56–57 knee injuries 107–109 panic attacks 85–86 paracetamol overdose 159–160 laryngotracheobronchitis, acute 170–171 paralytic ileus 57 limb ischaemia 15–16 paramyxovirus, mumps 28 Lisfranc injuries 103 parotitis, epidemic 28 loss of vision 152 patella lower back pain 93–94 dislocation 109 lung cancer 173–174 fracture 109 pelvic fractures 111 Maisonneuve fracture 115 peptic ulcer disease 57–58 malaria 73–74 pericarditis 17 mallet deformity 106 peritonitis 58–59 meningitis 128–129 peritonsillar abscess 30–31 meniscus injury 109 phalanx fractures 106 mental health 81–83 pharyngitis 23 assessment 81–82 placenta praevia 143, 144 characteristics of psychiatric placental abruption 143, 144 illnesses 82–83 plantar fasciitis 111–112 Mental Health Act overview 87 Plasmodium infection 73 metacarpal fractures 105 pneumonia 166–167 metatarsal fractures 102 pneumothorax migraine 129–130 open 174 miscarriage 141–142 simple 175–176 mumps 28 tension 176

0002680130.INDD 199 2/19/2016 8:50:39 PM 200 Index

poisoning 160–161 subdural haemorrhage 134–135 carbon monoxide 158 superglue injuries, eye 153–154 pre‐eclampsia 142–143 supracondylar humeral fracture 96, 97 pre‐patellar bursitis 109 supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) 194 pregnancy eclampsia 139 tachycardia 19 ectopic 139–140 algorithm 20 hyperemesis gravidarum 141 sinus 194 miscarriage 141–142 supraventricular (SVT) 194 pre‐eclampsia 142–143 ventricular (VT) 195 vaginal bleeding (late tarsal bone fractures 102 pregnancy) 143–144 tenosynovitis, wrist 120 psychosis 82 tension pneumothorax 176 acute 84–85 testicular torsion 67–68 pulled elbow 112–113 third‐degree heart block (complete) 194 pulmonary embolism 174–175 throat Wells score 175 foreign bodies 26–27 pulseless electrical activity (PEA) 192–193 sore, acute 23–24 thrombus quinsy 30–31 deep vein (DVT) 12–13 ischaemic lower limb 15–16 radius fractures 118 tibial injuries 114–115 radial head 99 toe fractures 102 renal colic 67 tonsillitis 23 renal failure, chronic 66 torsade de pointes 194 Rockall risk scoring system 51 transient ischaemic attack (TIA) 132 trauma scabies 186–187 abdominal 43–44 scaphoid fracture 120 chest wall 167–168 schizophrenia 82 head 130–131 second‐degree heart block nose 28–29 Mobitz type 1 (Wenckebach) 193 see also fractures; ophthalmic trauma Mobitz type 2 193 traumatic amputation 116 seizures 125 typhoid 76–77 eclampsia 139 status epilepticus 131–132 ulcerative colitis 60–61 self‐harm 86 ulna fracture 118 sepsis 74–75 ulnar collateral ligament rupture 105–106 chest 166–167 upper limb injuries 116–118 septic arthritis 75–76 urinary tract infection (UTI) 68–69 shingles 187–188 UV radiation injuries, eye 154 shock 18–19 uveitis, anterior 147–148 shoulder injuries 113–114 sinus bradycardia 193 vaginal bleeding (late pregnancy) sinus tachycardia 194 143–144 skier’s thumb 105 varicella infection 187–188 skin burns 180–182 ventricular fibrillation 195 small bowel obstruction 59–60 ventricular standstill 195 Smith’s fracture 119 ventricular tachycardia (VT) 195 sore throat, acute 23–24 vision, loss of 152 status epilepticus 131–132 volar plate injuries 118 stroke 132–133 subarachnoid haemorrhage 133–134 Wells DVT score 12–13 subconjunctival haemorrhage 153 wrist injuries 118–120

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