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San Diego Astronomy Association CONTENTS SDAA San Diego Astronomy Association Promising the Sun, the Moon, and the Stars...and Delivering! Office (619) 645-8940 News and Notes April 2003 Observatory (619) 766-9118 http://www.sdaa.org A Non-Profit Educational Association Viewing Jupiter about nine hours--you can witness a P.O. Box 23215, San Diego, CA 92193-3215 by Bret Akers complete equatorial rotation in one night. As you approach the planet's north and Jupiter, the gas giant that is the fifth south poles, the rotational period slows to SDAA Business Meeting planet from the Sun, is by far the largest about 10 hours. This variance in the Will be held at: and most massive planet in the Solar rotational period results in greater SKF Condition Monitoring System with a mass about 318 times centripetal forces at work near the 4141 Ruffin Road greater than Earth's. It is composed of planet's equator. This gives Jupiter a San Diego, CA 92123-1841 about 90% hydrogen and 10% helium noticeable bulge in the middle with an April 8th at 7:00 pm with traces of methane, water, and apparent flattening near the poles. ammonia. Jupiter may have a solid core that's about 10 to 15 Earth masses, but What we see in the telescope is the gas Program Meeting we can't be certain. We may know more giant's outer layer of cloud belts, which “Gadget Night” by the time NASA's Galileo spacecraft are arranged in a parallel series of light and dark zones or cloud "belts." The Bring your creations! plunges into Jupiter's atmosphere on September 21 of this year, but it's not colors that we see in Jupiter's clouds are likely. probably due to subtle chemical reactions April 16th at 6:30PM Mission Trails Regional Park Observations of Visitor & Interpretive Center Jupiter have been 1 Father Junipero Serra Trail recorded as far back San Diego, CA 92119 as 240 BC, when Ptolemy recorded Jupiter's conjunction Snacks ∗ Prizes ∗ Info ∗ Fun with a star on See The Back Page for details September 3rd of that year; however, it wasn't until 1630 CONTENTS that the principal cloud belts were April 2003 Vol. XXXIX Issue 04 discovered. But at Published Monthly by the first, they didn't San Diego Astronomy Association 75¢/$8.00 year know they were Incorporated in California in 1963 cloud belts. That Viewing Jupiter . .1 discovery came Astronomy 101 . .2 about 25 years later Rare Hubble Portrait of Io and Jupiter. Image courtesy Eyepiece Shootout 11 . .3 in 1655 when G. D. of NASA and the National Space Science Data Center NASA’s Space Place . .4 Cassini (yes, that http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ Presidential Notes . .4 Cassini) realized that Board Meeting Minutes . .5 Astronomy Day . .6 the rotational rates of the surface features of the trace elements in Jupiter's Skywatch . .7 were different at Jupiter's equator than atmosphere, although the mechanisms for Star Party Report . .8 away from the equator. this are still not well understood. Astro-Photo Show a Succes! . .8 Contact Information . .10 Jupiter has a very short rotational period. Events Calendar . .11 At its equator, the rotational period is (continued on page 5) The Back Page . .12 San Diego Astronomy Association time when the Sun rose in Leo, near a star Leonid Meteor Shower. Remember, the known as "Denebola," which means Nemean lion descended to Earth on a "Lion's Tail." meteor. The Leoinds are a meteor shower that occurs every year around November Astronomy 101 The Greeks, probably from their travels in 19th and are the result of dust and debris by Scott Baker the Middle East, saw it as a lion as well left behind by the comet Tempel-Tuttle. and attached this tale to how it came to Leo the Lion be: Hercules (you do all remember him, The Constellation of Leo, the lion, is now right?), was to perform 12 labors. His first in our Spring sky. Leo lies just to east of labor was to kill the Nemean lion, a fero- Gemini and Cancer, both recently dis- cious beast that descended from the moon cussed here. To to Earth on a meteor find it, look due (more on meteors in a south around minute), landing in the 10:00PM in country of Corinth. March, 9:00PM The Nemean lion terror- in April and ized and ravaged the The meteors appear to come from the 8:00PM in May, countryside of Corinth region of the sky (the radiant) in Leo, thus and find the and couldn't be they are called the Leonids. With the most recogniza- destroyed by mortal man recent pass of the comet in 1998, the ble feature of the constellation, the big because, it was said, its hide was so tough shower has been replenished and has given sickle. The 21st brightest star in the sky, that not spear nor weapon could penetrate very good displays for meteor watchers. Alpha Leonis or "Regulus," anchors the it. The comet returns every 33 years, so the base of the sickle. Regulus, which is 69 Hercules found the beast near its lair, a showers will slowly dwindle, until replen- light years distant, was given its current cave with two entrances. Hercules, to trap ished again in 2031. name by the Polish astronomer Nicolaus the lion, blocked the rear entrance and Copernicus (1473-1543). entered the front in search of the lion. After locating the lion and having his Desert Sunset Star Party arrow bounce off the lion's chest, he real- May 1-4, 2003 ized that the stories of its impenetrable by Pat and Arleen Heimann hide were true. Grabbing the lion around the neck, he choked it to death by ram- Our Early Registration Deadline has been ming his fist down its throat. Hercules, extended to April 15, 2003 to accommo- having completed his first task, used the date those of you who have been hesitant lion's skin to make a mighty shield that to make plans too far in advance in these nothing could penetrate. The Goddess volatile times. We hope many of you will Hera, angry that the lion had been slain, join us to make the first annual Desert raised the lion up, high in the sky, where Sunset Star Party a memorable event. We today he can be seen as the constellation have some great speakers each of the three Leo, the lion. nights along with afternoon vendors and demonstrations on Friday and Saturday. The constellation of Leo marks the west- Copernicus saw Regulus as the Heaven's You'll also want to check out the sched- ern edge of the area known as "The Realm Guardian, one who regulated all things in uled tours to Mt. Hopkin's Whipple of Galaxies," an area of the sky that is the heavens, thus "Regulus." The ancients Observatory, The University of Arizona heavily populated with galaxies, lying called Regulus by a different name, "Cor Mirror Lab, EOS Technologies, and the mostly in the constellations of Virgo and Leonis," meaning "The Lion's Heart." As Biosphere 2. And don't forget to bring Coma Berenices. Leo itself contains five with many constellations, peoples around your items for the swap meet Saturday nice galaxies, all of them Messier objects, the world, in diverse civilizations, saw the afternoon, and that special homemade which are visible with smaller telescopes: same objects in the sky. The Syrians knew Astro-Tool for the SAT (Simple M65, M66, M95, M96 and M105 are all Leo as Aryo, the Persians as Ser, to the Astronomy Tool) contest on Saturday within the reach of a 2" and larger tele- Turk, Artan and to the Babylonians it was afternoon. All registration materials are scope. Aru, all meaning "Lion." The Egyptians available on the web at felt that the world was created during a The other thing Leo is famous for is the http://chartmarker.tripod.com/sunset.htm PAGE 2SAN DIEGO ASTRONOMY ASSOCIATION NEWS AND NOTES, APRIL 2003 San Diego Astronomy Association Eyepiece Shootout 11, have centered on eyepieces that can be few things: the aforementioned helicopter, Old School vs. New School purchased new, but the cult-like following some unexpected dampness, and a general by Bret Akers and John Kuhl behind the 20mm Type 2 Nagler lack of showpiece objects early in the night prompted us to break our unwritten rule. this time of the year… TIERRA DEL SOL, San Diego (SDAA) - The 20mm Type 2 Nagler is a massive 8- On-Axis Sharpness: Border patrol helicopters and ground element beast weighing in at 2.3 pounds- The 20mm Type 2 started off with a bang. vehicles converged on an area north of even heavier than the 31mm Type 5 It didn't take long to realize that the Tierra Del Sol Saturday night. Dozens of Nagler! Warning, you may have balance 20mm, both on an off axis, was sharper amateur astronomers scattered to hide issues with this eyepiece. If you're prone to than the 22mm. The 22mm was sharp and from the threat of the 20-million-plus- dropping things, you may want to avoid it looked great, but the 20mm was really candlepower airborne searchlight. Luckily this one! Obviously, it's a 2"-only barrel sharp across the entire field. Looking at the incident didn't last very long. and has the Nagler 82-degree apparent open clusters with the 20mm can be field of view. How much? It depends on Now, back to the review… summed up with one word--wow.
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