Mosquitoes & Look-alikes No mouthparts Adult female Status Adults can neither feed nor bite Status ☑ Blood feeder Proboscis ☑ Neutral Maxillary palp Like a drinking straw Long & finger-like ☑ Can transmit pathogens ☑ No health threat Maxillary palp Antenna through bite Short & hairless on female Short & hairless (long on 2 species here) Adult female Antenna Few-haired on female

No fringe on wings Fringe on wings

No scales on body Body and wings or wings have colorful scales Males have hairy antennae and long hairy maxillary palps

Legs very long & fall off Legs long but do not fall Body usually orangish easily off easily Body usually brownish or black, or brownish; often marked with no colorful scales white or colorful scales

Crane (Tipulidae). Eggs are laid in moist soils. Juvenile Mosquitoes (Culicidae). Eggs are laid on or above water. stages and pupae live in moist soils where they feed on organic Juvenile stages and pupae live in stagnant water where they matter. Adults emerge mostly during late winter to early spring; feed on algae. Adults emerge yearround. Adults range in size a few species emerge in fall. Adults range in size from 10-25 from 3-9 mm long, much smaller than crane flies. They have mm long. They have a long head but no proboscis. Their legs a long narrow proboscis. Their hind legs are very long; when are all about the same size, always kept down (not held up). at rest, they often keep them raised in the air. Adults feed on Most adults have no mouthparts and cannot feed. nectar. After mating, females also feed on blood.

Wings usually clear, Status Wings completely clear, Status sometimes with 1 ☑ Neutral sometimes with many ☑ Neutral brownish patch, or ☑ No health threat dark patches ☑ No health threat completely smoky-black Front legs very long & often held in the air No mouthparts Body brown, black, Adults can neither feed nor bite Body brown, orange- or green brown, or black

No mouthparts Hind legs with long Adults can neither feed nor bite spines

Antennae short & hairy, especially the male Antennae short Basal leg segments (coxae) & hairless very large

Legs have no spines

Water Midges (). Eggs are laid on water. Juvenile Gnats (). Eggs are laid in moist soil and stages and pupae live in mud of lakes, ponds, and slow-moving on fungi. Juvenile stages and pupae live in moist organic soils or stagnant water where they feed on organic matter. Adults and fungi on which they feed. Adults emerge during moist emerge in spring and summer. They range in size from 1-10 times of year such as winter and early spring. They range in size mm long, much smaller than crane flies. In the early evening, from 2.2-13.5 mm long, much smaller than most crane flies. males together in huge swarms that attract females. Females They usually fly in the evening and are attracted to organic are also attracted to lights at night. Their front legs are very soils, fungus, and rotting fruit. Their front legs are very long, long; when at rest, they are often held in the air. Adults have no usually kept down. Adults have no mouthparts; they can mouthparts; they can neither feed nor bite. neither feed nor bite.

Orange County and Vector Control District 13001 Garden Grove Blvd., Garden Grove, CA 92843 • 714.971.2421 • 949.654.2421 ocvcector.org • facebook.com/ocvectorcontrol • twitter.com/ocvector