DOCSLIB.ORG

Native Alternatives to Invasive Non-Native Landscape Plants

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Native Alternatives to Invasive Non-Native Landscape Plants Page 1 of 3 NATIVE ALTERNATIVES TO INVASIVE NON-NATIVE LANDSCAPE PLANTS SHRUBS/SMALL TREES INVASIVE SPECIES NATIVE ALTERNATIVES Amur maple (Acer ginnala) American hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana) Pagoda dogwood (Cornus alternifolia) Indian cherry (Rhamnus caroliniana) Autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata) Serviceberry (Amelanchier arborea) Winged sumac (Rhus copallina) Black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) Burning bush (Euonymus alatus) Wahoo (Euonymus atropupureus) Strawberry bush (Euonymus americanus) Red buckeye (Aesculus pavia) Bush honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) Rusty blackhaw (Viburnum rufidulum) Roughleaf dogwood (Cornus drummondii) American beautyberry (Callicarpa americana) California privet (Ligustrum obtusifolium) Arrow wood (Viburnum dentatum) Wafer ash (Ptelea trifoliata) Prairie willow (Salix humilis) European buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica) Green hawthorn (Crataegus viridis) Gum bumelia (Bumelia lanuginosum) Wahoo (Euonymus atropupureus) Golden raintree (Koelreuteria paniculata) Fringe tree (Chionanthus virginicus) Redbud (Cercis canadensis) Green hawthorn (Crataegus viridis) Japanese knotweed (Polygonum cuspidatum) Hazelnut (Corylus americana) Bladdernut (Staphylea trifoliata) Wild hydrangea (Hydrangea arborescens) Multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora) Prairie rose (Rosa setigera) Alabama snow wreath (Neviusia alabamensis) Deciduous holly (Ilex decidua) Callery pear (Pyrus calleryana) Princess tree (Paulownia tomentosa) Tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima) White mulberry (Morus alba) Last updated 1/20/2015 Page 2 of 3 VINES INVASIVE SPECIES NATIVE ALTERNATIVES English ivy (Hedera helix) Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) Sensitive fern (Onoclea sensibilis) Golden ragwort (Senecio aureus) Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) Yellow honeysuckle (Lonicera flava) Carolina moonseed (Cocculus carolinus) Pale leather flower (Clematis versicolor) Japanese hops (Humulus japonicus) Pale leather flower (Clematis versicolor) Ladies eardrops (Brunnichia ovata) Climbing milkweed (Matelea decipiens) Oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus) American bittersweet (Celastrus scandens) Supplejack (Berchemia scandens) Passion flower (Passiflora incarnata) Periwinkle (Vinca minor) Wild ginger (Asarum canadense) Buxbaum’s sedge (Carex buxbaumii) Roundleaf ragwort (Senecio obovatus) Wintercreeper (Euonymus fortunei) Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) Bog sedge (Carex buxbaumii) Golden ragwort (Senecio aureus) Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) Kudzu vine (Pueraria lobata) BIENNIALS INVASIVE SPECIES NATIVE ALTERNATIVES Garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) Golden ragwort (Senecio aureus) Wild geranium (Geranium maculatum) American beakgrass (Diarrhena obovata) Hedge parsley (Torilis arvensis) Wild ageratum (Eupatorium coelestinum) Palm sedge (Carex muskingumensis) Blue flag (Iris virginica) Musk thistle (Carduus nutans) Ashy sunflower (Helianthus mollis) Bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare) Indian grass (Sorghastrum nutans) Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) Rosin weed (Silphium terebinthinaceum) Spotted knapweed (Centaurea biebersteinii) Slender mountain mint (Pycnanthemum tenuifolium) Broom sedge (Andropogon virginicus) Pale purple coneflower (Echinacea pallida) Yellow sweet clover (Melilotus officinalis) Purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea) White sweet clover (Melilotus alba) River oats (Chasmanthium latifolium) Greyhead coneflower (Ratibida pinnata) Common teasel (Dipsacus fullonum) Cut-leaved teasel (Dipsacus laciniatus) Last updated 1/20/2015 Page 3 of 3 HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS AND GRASSES INVASIVE SPECIES NATIVE ALTERNATIVES Crown vetch (Coronilla varia) Little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) Bird’s foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) Lanceleaf coreopsis (Coreopsis lanceolata) Short’s sedge (Carex shortiana) Maiden grass (Miscanthus sinensis) Prairie dropseed (Sporobolus heterolepis) Fountain grass (Pennisetum spp.) Little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) Big bluestem (Andropogon gerardi) Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) Common rush (Juncus effusus) Queen of the prairie (Filipendula rubra) Winged loosestrife (Lythrum alatum) Red clover (Trifolium pratense) Switch grass (Panicum virgatum) White clover (Trifolium repens) Eastern gama grass (Tripsacum dactyloides) Indian grass (Sorghastrum nutans) Sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata) Little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) Broom sedge (Andropogon virginicus) Switch grass (Panicum virgatum) Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) Prairie dropseed (Sporobolus heterolepis) Sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula) Fringed sedge (Carex crinita) Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) Creeping Jenny (Lysimachia nummularia) Japanese stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum) Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense) Plume grass (Erianthus ravennae) Reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea) White and yellow sweet clover (Melitotus officinalis) Information based on the Native Landscaping Manual, Chapter Three: Control & Identification of Invasive Plants. http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/visit/family-of-attractions/shaw-nature- reserve/gardens-gardening-at-shaw-nature-reserve/native-landscaping-for-the-home-gardener/native- landscaping-manual.aspx, with additions from Shaw Nature Reserve staff. Last updated 1/20/2015 .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Carnivorous Plant Newsletter Vol 47 No 1 March 2018
    What’s new in the world of carnivorous plants – Summary of two symposia held in July 2017 Simon Poppinga • Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg • Germany • simon.poppinga@ biologie.uni-freiburg.de Firman Alamsyah • Ctech Labs and Indonesian Carnivorous Plant Community • Indonesia Ulrike Bauer • University of Bristol • UK Andreas Fleischmann • Botanische Staatssammlung München • Germany Martin Horstmann • University of Bochum • Germany Saskia Klink • University of Bayreuth • Germany Sebastian Kruppert • University of Bochum • Germany Qianshi Lin • University of British Columbia • Canada Ulrike Müller • California State University Fresno • USA Amanda Northrop • University of Vermont • USA Bartosz J. Płachno • Jagiellonian University in Kraków • Poland Anneke Prins • Middlesex University • UK Mathias Scharmann • ETH Zürich • Switzerland Dagmara Sirová • University of South Bohemia • Czech Republic Laura Skates • University of Western Australia • Australia Anna Westermeier • Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg • Germany Aaron M. Ellison • Harvard Forest • USA • [email protected] Dozens of scientific papers about carnivorous plant research are published each year on diverse topics ranging from new species descriptions, through phylogenetic approaches in taxonomy and systematics, to ecology and evolution of botanical carnivory, biomechanics and physiology of traps, among many others. By the time a paper is published, however, it is already “old news” because the salient results often are presented months or even years earlier at scientific conferences. Such meetings are the perfect venues to discuss ongoing research and “hot” topics and present them to colleagues from around the world. The first and last authors of this report were in the lucky situation to organize symposia about carnivorous plant biology during two major conferences: Simon Poppinga chaired a one-day ses- sion—“Carnivorous plants - Physiology, ecology, and evolution”—on July 6, 2017, as part of the Annual Main Meeting of the Society for Experimental Biology (SEB) in Gothenburg, Sweden.
    [Show full text]
  • FLORA from FĂRĂGĂU AREA (MUREŞ COUNTY) AS POTENTIAL SOURCE of MEDICINAL PLANTS Silvia OROIAN1*, Mihaela SĂMĂRGHIŢAN2
    ISSN: 2601 – 6141, ISSN-L: 2601 – 6141 Acta Biologica Marisiensis 2018, 1(1): 60-70 ORIGINAL PAPER FLORA FROM FĂRĂGĂU AREA (MUREŞ COUNTY) AS POTENTIAL SOURCE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS Silvia OROIAN1*, Mihaela SĂMĂRGHIŢAN2 1Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureş, Romania 2Mureş County Museum, Department of Natural Sciences, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania *Correspondence: Silvia OROIAN [email protected] Received: 2 July 2018; Accepted: 9 July 2018; Published: 15 July 2018 Abstract The aim of this study was to identify a potential source of medicinal plant from Transylvanian Plain. Also, the paper provides information about the hayfields floral richness, a great scientific value for Romania and Europe. The study of the flora was carried out in several stages: 2005-2008, 2013, 2017-2018. In the studied area, 397 taxa were identified, distributed in 82 families with therapeutic potential, represented by 164 medical taxa, 37 of them being in the European Pharmacopoeia 8.5. The study reveals that most plants contain: volatile oils (13.41%), tannins (12.19%), flavonoids (9.75%), mucilages (8.53%) etc. This plants can be used in the treatment of various human disorders: disorders of the digestive system, respiratory system, skin disorders, muscular and skeletal systems, genitourinary system, in gynaecological disorders, cardiovascular, and central nervous sistem disorders. In the study plants protected by law at European and national level were identified: Echium maculatum, Cephalaria radiata, Crambe tataria, Narcissus poeticus ssp. radiiflorus, Salvia nutans, Iris aphylla, Orchis morio, Orchis tridentata, Adonis vernalis, Dictamnus albus, Hammarbya paludosa etc. Keywords: Fărăgău, medicinal plants, human disease, Mureş County 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
    Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese
    [Show full text]
  • The Vascular Flora of Rarău Massif (Eastern Carpathians, Romania). Note Ii
    Memoirs of the Scientific Sections of the Romanian Academy Tome XXXVI, 2013 BIOLOGY THE VASCULAR FLORA OF RARĂU MASSIF (EASTERN CARPATHIANS, ROMANIA). NOTE II ADRIAN OPREA1 and CULIŢĂ SÎRBU2 1 “Anastasie Fătu” Botanical Garden, Str. Dumbrava Roşie, nr. 7-9, 700522–Iaşi, Romania 2 University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iaşi, Faculty of Agriculture, Str. Mihail Sadoveanu, nr. 3, 700490–Iaşi, Romania Corresponding author: [email protected] This second part of the paper about the vascular flora of Rarău Massif listed approximately half of the whole number of the species registered by the authors in their field trips or already included in literature on the same area. Other taxa have been added to the initial list of plants, so that, the total number of taxa registered by the authors in Rarău Massif amount to 1443 taxa (1133 species and 310 subspecies, varieties and forms). There was signaled out the alien taxa on the surveyed area (18 species) and those dubious presence of some taxa for the same area (17 species). Also, there were listed all the vascular plants, protected by various laws or regulations, both internal or international, existing in Rarău (i.e. 189 taxa). Finally, there has been assessed the degree of wild flora conservation, using several indicators introduced in literature by Nowak, as they are: conservation indicator (C), threat conservation indicator) (CK), sozophytisation indicator (W), and conservation effectiveness indicator (E). Key words: Vascular flora, Rarău Massif, Romania, conservation indicators. 1. INTRODUCTION A comprehensive analysis of Rarău flora, in terms of plant diversity, taxonomic structure, biological, ecological and phytogeographic characteristics, as well as in terms of the richness in endemics, relict or threatened plant species was published in our previous note (see Oprea & Sîrbu 2012).
    [Show full text]
  • Flora Mediterranea 26
    FLORA MEDITERRANEA 26 Published under the auspices of OPTIMA by the Herbarium Mediterraneum Panormitanum Palermo – 2016 FLORA MEDITERRANEA Edited on behalf of the International Foundation pro Herbario Mediterraneo by Francesco M. Raimondo, Werner Greuter & Gianniantonio Domina Editorial board G. Domina (Palermo), F. Garbari (Pisa), W. Greuter (Berlin), S. L. Jury (Reading), G. Kamari (Patras), P. Mazzola (Palermo), S. Pignatti (Roma), F. M. Raimondo (Palermo), C. Salmeri (Palermo), B. Valdés (Sevilla), G. Venturella (Palermo). Advisory Committee P. V. Arrigoni (Firenze) P. Küpfer (Neuchatel) H. M. Burdet (Genève) J. Mathez (Montpellier) A. Carapezza (Palermo) G. Moggi (Firenze) C. D. K. Cook (Zurich) E. Nardi (Firenze) R. Courtecuisse (Lille) P. L. Nimis (Trieste) V. Demoulin (Liège) D. Phitos (Patras) F. Ehrendorfer (Wien) L. Poldini (Trieste) M. Erben (Munchen) R. M. Ros Espín (Murcia) G. Giaccone (Catania) A. Strid (Copenhagen) V. H. Heywood (Reading) B. Zimmer (Berlin) Editorial Office Editorial assistance: A. M. Mannino Editorial secretariat: V. Spadaro & P. Campisi Layout & Tecnical editing: E. Di Gristina & F. La Sorte Design: V. Magro & L. C. Raimondo Redazione di "Flora Mediterranea" Herbarium Mediterraneum Panormitanum, Università di Palermo Via Lincoln, 2 I-90133 Palermo, Italy [email protected] Printed by Luxograph s.r.l., Piazza Bartolomeo da Messina, 2/E - Palermo Registration at Tribunale di Palermo, no. 27 of 12 July 1991 ISSN: 1120-4052 printed, 2240-4538 online DOI: 10.7320/FlMedit26.001 Copyright © by International Foundation pro Herbario Mediterraneo, Palermo Contents V. Hugonnot & L. Chavoutier: A modern record of one of the rarest European mosses, Ptychomitrium incurvum (Ptychomitriaceae), in Eastern Pyrenees, France . 5 P. Chène, M.
    [Show full text]
  • Carnivory in the Teasel Dipsacus Fullonum — the Effect of Experimental Feeding on Growth and Seed Set
    Carnivory in the Teasel Dipsacus fullonum — The Effect of Experimental Feeding on Growth and Seed Set Peter J. A. Shaw*, Kyle Shackleton Department of Life Sciences, Whitelands College, Roehampton University, London, United Kingdom Abstract The teasel, Dipsacus fullonum is known to catch invertebrates in its water filled leaf bases, but experimental testing of reproductive benefits of this have been lacking. We report the effects of insect supplementation/removal and water removal during spring/summer on Dipsacus in two field populations. There were no significant treatment effects on biomass, but addition of dead dipteran larvae to leaf bases caused a 30% increase in seed set and the seed mass:biomass ratio. This study provides the first empirical evidence for reproductive benefit from carnivory in Dipsacus fullonum. Citation: Shaw PJA, Shackleton K (2011) Carnivory in the Teasel Dipsacus fullonum — The Effect of Experimental Feeding on Growth and Seed Set. PLoS ONE 6(3): e17935. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017935 Editor: Simon Joly, Montreal Botanical Garden, Canada Received October 26, 2010; Accepted February 16, 2011; Published March 18, 2011 Copyright: ß 2011 Shaw, Shackleton. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: The authors have no support or funding to report. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: [email protected] Introduction London clay mixed with some building waste, pH 8.0. The sites were labelled Site 1 (TQ2284073116 ) and Site 2 (TQ2284072823), The phenomenon of carnivory by plants has been recognised c.
    [Show full text]
  • CUT-LEAVED TEASEL Dipsacus Laciniatus
    New Invasive Plants of the Midwest Fact Sheet CUT-LEAVED TEASEL Dipsacus laciniatus Description: Cut-leaved teasel is a perennial herb that flowers once and then dies. The first year they form a low growing rosette which then the second or third year pro- duces a 2-6 foot stem. Leaves on the stems are opposite, long, deeply cut, prickly, and joined into a cup around the stalk. Stems are rigid and spiny. Flowers are small, white and in oval-shaped heads atop stems. They bloom summer into the fall. Common teasel (D. fullonum) similar and inva- sive, but with purple flowers and the leaves not deeply cut. Native range: Throughout Europe (http://www.inhs.uiuc.edu/chf/outreach/VMG/teasel.html) Ecological threat: This plant threatens prairies and sedge meadows. They produce massive amounts of seeds that can remain viable in the soil for several years. In addition the death of the mother plant pro- vides an excellent environment for new seedling estab- lishment leading to dense monoculture populations. Current North American Range: Cut-leaved teasel is currently observed throughout the states of Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin, Michigan, Ohio, and south- ern Ontario. It is also seen in southern Minnesota and Iowa. Early Detection and Rapid Response Can Help Stop the Spread! CUT-LEAVED TEASEL, Dipsacus laciniatus MANAGEMENT OPTIONS: (https://www.dnr.state.oh.us/dnap/invasive/15teasel.htm) Mechanical methods Individual rosettes can be removed using a dandelion digger; removal of the entire root is essential to eliminate re-sprouting. Flowering stalks may be cut down once the plant has initiated flowering, but if cut too soon plants may send up new flowering stalks.
    [Show full text]
  • Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Ehtnobotanical Plants for Rheumatism
    Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Ehtnobotanical Plants for Rheumatism Ehnobotanical Plant Common Names Abelmoschus moschatus Muskus; Zatakasturika; Mushk Dana; Ambercicegi; Ambrette; Moskus; Abelmosco; Moschus; Musk Mallow; Kasturi Dana; Kapas Hantu; Bisam Eibisch Abies sibirica Abrus precatorius Peonia De St Tomas; Rosary Pea; Cain Ghe; Peonia; Paternoster; Reglisse; Graines Reglisse; Pois Rouge; Weesboontje; Rakat; Jequerit; Liane Reglisse; Gunchi; Hint Meyankoku; Hung Tou; Ma Liao Tou; To-Azuki; Paratella Abutilon indicum Kemband sore (Eve. expandng fl; Kembang sore (Eve. expandng fl Acacia farnesiana Cuji; Kembang nagasiri; Esponjeira; Kambang japun; Kembang bandira; Tusca Acacia pennata Willd.; Rigot; Rembete Acaena sanguisorbae Acampe wightiana Acanthopanax gracilistylus Acanthopanax spinosum Wu Chia; Wu Chia P'I; Wu Chia P'I Chiu Acanthospermum humile Mala Mujer; Feuilles Hareng; L'Indigene; Dessalines Acanthus ilicifolius Daruju; Lao Shu Le Achillea millefolium Cickafarkkoro; Rollike; Tlalquequetzal; Schafgarbe; Duizendblad; Millefoglio; Rolleka; Rojmari; Millefeuille; Yarrow; Millefolium; Milefolio; Biranjasif; Milenrama; Civanpercemi Achyranthes aspera Jarongan; Feuilles La Fievre; Rarai; Apamarga; Santypite; Chaff Tree; Rabo De Gato Achyranthes bidentata Niu Hsi Chiu; Soei in soei in taloen; Niu Hsi; Too-Inokozuti Aconitum carmichaeli Sinatori-Kabuto Aconitum ferox Aconito Feroz; Lang Tu T'Ou; Lang Tu Aconitum kusnezoffii Aconitum napellus Monk'Shood; Aconito Napello; European Monkshood; Duivelskruid; Uva
    [Show full text]
  • Carnivorous Plants with Hybrid Trapping Strategies
    CARNIVOROUS PLANTS WITH HYBRID TRAPPING STRATEGIES BARRY RICE • P.O. Box 72741 • Davis, CA 95617 • USA • [email protected] Keywords: carnivory: Darlingtonia californica, Drosophyllum lusitanicum, Nepenthes ampullaria, N. inermis, Sarracenia psittacina. Recently I wrote a general book on carnivorous plants, and while creating that work I spent a great deal of time pondering some of the bigger issues within the phenomenon of carnivory in plants. One of the basic decisions I had to make was select what plants to include in my book. Even at the genus level, it is not at all trivial to produce a definitive list of all the carnivorous plants. Seventeen plant genera are commonly accused of being carnivorous, but not everyone agrees on their dietary classifications—arguments about the status of Roridula can result in fistfights!1 Recent discoveries within the indisputably carnivorous genera are adding to this quandary. Nepenthes lowii might function to capture excrement from birds (Clarke 1997), and Nepenthes ampullaria might be at least partly vegetarian in using its clusters of ground pitchers to capture the dead vegetable mate- rial that rains onto the forest floor (Moran et al. 2003). There is also research that suggests that the primary function of Utricularia purpurea bladders may be unrelated to carnivory (Richards 2001). Could it be that not all Drosera, Nepenthes, Sarracenia, or Utricularia are carnivorous? Meanwhile, should we take a closer look at Stylidium, Dipsacus, and others? What, really, are the carnivorous plants? Part of this problem comes from the very foundation of how we think of carnivorous plants. When drafting introductory papers or book chapters, we usually frequently oversimplify the strategies that carnivorous plants use to capture prey.
    [Show full text]
  • Northwest Plant Names and Symbols for Ecosystem Inventory and Analysis Fourth Edition
    USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PNW-46 1976 NORTHWEST PLANT NAMES AND SYMBOLS FOR ECOSYSTEM INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS FOURTH EDITION PACIFIC NORTHWEST FOREST AND RANGE EXPERIMENT STATION U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOREST SERVICE PORTLAND, OREGON This file was created by scanning the printed publication. Text errors identified by the software have been corrected; however, some errors may remain. CONTENTS Page . INTRODUCTION TO FOURTH EDITION ....... 1 Features and Additions. ......... 1 Inquiries ................ 2 History of Plant Code Development .... 3 MASTER LIST OF SPECIES AND SYMBOLS ..... 5 Grasses.. ............... 7 Grasslike Plants. ............ 29 Forbs.. ................ 43 Shrubs. .................203 Trees. .................225 ABSTRACT LIST OF SYNONYMS ..............233 This paper is basicafly'an alpha code and name 1 isting of forest and rangeland grasses, sedges, LIST OF SOIL SURFACE ITEMS .........261 rushes, forbs, shrubs, and trees of Oregon, Wash- ington, and Idaho. The code expedites recording of vegetation inventory data and is especially useful to those processing their data by contem- porary computer systems. Editorial and secretarial personnel will find the name and authorship lists i ' to be handy desk references. KEYWORDS: Plant nomenclature, vegetation survey, I Oregon, Washington, Idaho. G. A. GARRISON and J. M. SKOVLIN are Assistant Director and Project Leader, respectively, of Paci fic Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station; C. E. POULTON is Director, Range and Resource Ecology Applications of Earth Sate1 1 ite Corporation; and A. H. WINWARD is Professor of Range Management at Oregon State University . and a fifth letter also appears in those instances where a varietal name is appended to the genus and INTRODUCTION species. (3) Some genera symbols consist of four letters or less, e.g., ACER, AIM, GEUM, IRIS, POA, TO FOURTH EDITION RHUS, ROSA.
    [Show full text]
  • Teasel, Dipsacus Spp. the Invasive Weed Called Teasel Has Become Established in Many Parts of the Upper Midwest
    A Horticulture Information article from the Wisconsin Master Gardener website, posted 1 Nov 2010 Teasel, Dipsacus spp. The invasive weed called teasel has become established in many parts of the Upper Midwest. Two of the approximately 15 species in the genus Dipsacus of the teasel family (Dipsacaceae) can be seen in Wisconsin in open, sunny habitats especially along roadsides, in pastures or in disturbed areas. These plants, native to Europe, were introduced to North America in the 1700’s for use in textile processing – the dried fl owerheads were used by fullers as a natural comb for cleaning, aligning and raising the nap on fabrics (“teasing”), especially wool (brushing the nap produces air pockets that provide added insulation and a softer surface that is also more stain resistant, as well as softening the colors). Teasel as a commercial crop has been phased out by the middle of the 20thcentury when more durable and uniform steel cards had replaced teasel in industrial fulling operations. They are still sometimes grown as ornamentals or as decorative elements for Teasel plants in summer dried fl oral arrangements, and to use on a small scale for boutique woolen fabrics and handwoven textiles, and in specialty manufacturing (some pool table cloths, piano felts, etc.). Teasel has escaped cultivation and is spreading rapidly throughout the United States. These two species are listed as “restricted invasive plants“ in Wisconsin and may not be Teasel offered as a dried fl oral bought, sold or moved around, even when dry, due to the potential component at a Farmer’s Market.
    [Show full text]
  • Therapeutic Use of Some Romanian Medicinal Plants
    Chapter Therapeutic Use of Some Romanian Medicinal Plants Adina-Elena Segneanu, Claudiu Cepan, Ioan Grozescu, Florentina Cziple, Sorin Olariu, Sonia Ratiu, Viorica Lazar, Sorin Marius Murariu, Silvia Maria Velciov and Teodora Daniela Marti Abstract Romanian traditional medicine has an extremely old history. The Dacian knowl- edge of the curative properties of medicinal plants was documented by Herodotus, Hippocrates, Galen, and Dioscorides. It must be emphasized that modern chemical screening has confirmed the therapeutic properties of the medicinal plants used by the Dacians. More interesting is that Dacians used many of these herbs for differ- ent dishes. Practically, for Dacians, food was medicine. Recent research on some Romanian medicinal plants has highlighted their pharmacognostical importance. It is known that currently, the importance and dynamics of the research on medicinal plants in the area of drug discovery continues to increase worldwide. The main reason is not only the high efficiency of secondary metabolites in case of serious diseases (cancer, viral infections, malaria, etc.) but also the minimization of the side effects of the synthetic drugs. Keywords: Dacians, phytotherapy, secondary metabolites 1. Introduction Phytotherapy has always played an essential role in the development of humanity. Traditional medicine still continues to have major importance in many areas of the world, especially in low-income regions [1–7]. Although in developed countries, alternative medicine has been outdated by modern medical techniques, at present, there is a growing trend toward natural remedies. The importance of medicinal plants emerges from the fact that world- wide, almost 50% of existing synthetic medicaments are derived from natural extracts [2–7].
    [Show full text]