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Chinese Poetry of the Nineteenth Century
“Modern” Science and Technology in “Classical” Chinese Poetry of the Nineteenth Century J. D. Schmidt 㕥⎱䐆 University of British Columbia This paper is dedicated to the memory of Prof. Daniel Bryant (1942-2014), University of Victoria, a great scholar and friend. Introduction This paper examines poetry about science and technology in nineteenth- century China, not a common topic in poetry written in Classical Chinese, much less in textbook selections of classical verse read in high school and university curricula in China. Since the May Fourth/New Culture Movement from the 1910s to the 1930s, China’s literary canon underwent a drastic revision that consigned a huge part of its verse written after the year 907 to almost total oblivion, while privileging more popular forms from after that date that are written in vernacular Chinese, such as drama and novels.1 The result is that today most Chinese confine their reading of poetry in the shi 娑 form to works created before the end of the Tang Dynasty (618-907), missing the rather extensive body of verse about scientific and technological subjects that began in the Song Dynasty (960-1278), largely disappeared in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), and then flourished as never before in the late Qing period (1644-1912). Except for a growing number of specialist scholars in China, very few Chinese readers have explored the poetry of the nineteenth century—in my opinion, one of the richest centuries in classical verse— thinking that the writing of this age is dry and derivative. Such a view is a product of the culture wars of the early twentieth century, but the situation has not been helped by the common name given to the most important literary group of the nineteenth and early twentieth century, the Qing Dynasty Song School (Qingdai Songshi pai 㶭ẋ⬳娑㳦), a term which suggests that its poetry is imitative of earlier authors, particularly those of the Song Dynasty. -
Imperial China and the West Part I, 1815–1881
China and the Modern World: Imperial China and the West Part I, 1815–1881 The East India Company’s steamship Nemesis and other British ships engaging Chinese junks in the Second Battle of Chuenpi, 7 January 1841, during the first opium war. (British Library) ABOUT THE ARCHIVE China and the Modern World: Imperial China and the West Part I, 1815–1881 is digitised from the FO 17 series of British Foreign Office Files—Foreign Office: Political and Other Departments: General Correspondence before 1906, China— held at the National Archives, UK, providing a vast and significant primary source for researching every aspect of Chinese-British relations during the nineteenth century, ranging from diplomacy to trade, economics, politics, warfare, emigration, translation and law. This first part includes all content from FO 17 volumes 1–872. Source Library Number of Images The National Archives, UK Approximately 532,000 CONTENT From Lord Amherst’s mission at the start of the nineteenth century, through the trading monopoly of the Canton System, and the Opium Wars of 1839–1842 and 1856–1860, Britain and other foreign powers gradually gained commercial, legal, and territorial rights in China. Imperial China and the West provides correspondence from the Factories of Canton (modern Guangzhou) and from the missionaries and diplomats who entered China in the early nineteenth century, as well as from the envoys and missions sent to China from Britain and the later legation and consulates. The documents comprising this collection include communications to and from the British legation, first at Hong Kong and later at Peking, and British consuls at Shanghai, Amoy (Xiamen), Swatow (Shantou), Hankow (Hankou), Newchwang (Yingkou), Chefoo (Yantai), Formosa (Taiwan), and more. -
Calendar-Year Dating of the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) Ice Core from the Early Sixth Century Using Historical, Ion, and Particulate Data
spe505-22 1st pgs page 411 The Geological Society of America Special Paper 505 2014 Calendar-year dating of the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) ice core from the early sixth century using historical, ion, and particulate data Dallas H. Abbott Dee Breger† Pierre E. Biscaye Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964, USA Robert A. Juhl Independent researcher, 1-4-1 Rokko Heights, 906 Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0033, Japan ABSTRACT We use the occurrence of unusual or out-of-season dust storms and dissolved ion data as proxies for dust to propose a calendar-year chronology for a portion of the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) ice core during the early sixth century A.D. Our new time scale moves a small sulfate peak to early 537 A.D., which is more con- sistent with recent fi ndings of a 6 mo to 18 mo time lag between volcanic eruptions and atmospheric fallout of their sulfate aerosols. Our new time scale is consistent with a small volcanic input to the A.D. 536–537 climate downturn. We use the time range of Ni-rich fragments and cosmic spherules to provide an independent test of the chronology. The time range of Ni-rich fragments and cosmic spherules matches historical observations of “dancing stars” starting in the summer of A.D. 533 and lasting until A.D. 539 or 540. These dancing stars have been previously attributed to cosmogenic dust loading of Earth’s atmosphere. The time scale cannot be shifted to be either younger or older by 1 yr without destroying the match to historical accounts of dancing stars. -
Transnational Mathematics and Movements: Shiing- Shen Chern, Hua Luogeng, and the Princeton Institute for Advanced Study from World War II to the Cold War1
Chinese Annals of History of Science and Technology 3 (2), 118–165 (2019) doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1461.2019.02118 Transnational Mathematics and Movements: Shiing- shen Chern, Hua Luogeng, and the Princeton Institute for Advanced Study from World War II to the Cold War1 Zuoyue Wang 王作跃,2 Guo Jinhai 郭金海3 (California State Polytechnic University, Pomona 91768, US; Institute for the History of Natural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China) Abstract: This paper reconstructs, based on American and Chinese primary sources, the visits of Chinese mathematicians Shiing-shen Chern 陈省身 (Chen Xingshen) and Hua Luogeng 华罗庚 (Loo-Keng Hua)4 to the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton in the United States in the 1940s, especially their interactions with Oswald Veblen and Hermann Weyl, two leading mathematicians at the IAS. It argues that Chern’s and Hua’s motivations and choices in regard to their transnational movements between China and the US were more nuanced and multifaceted than what is presented in existing accounts, and that socio-political factors combined with professional-personal ones to shape their decisions. The paper further uses their experiences to demonstrate the importance of transnational scientific interactions for the development of science in China, the US, and elsewhere in the twentieth century. Keywords: Shiing-shen Chern, Chen Xingshen, Hua Luogeng, Loo-Keng Hua, Institute for 1 This article was copy-edited by Charlie Zaharoff. 2 Research interests: History of science and technology in the United States, China, and transnational contexts in the twentieth century. He is currently writing a book on the history of American-educated Chinese scientists and China-US scientific relations. -
Hanwen Fang, a Study of Comparative Civilizations. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 2014
Comparative Civilizations Review Volume 76 Article 21 Number 76 Spring 2017 4-25-2017 Hanwen Fang, A Study of Comparative Civilizations. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 2014. Shi Yuanhui Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr Part of the Comparative Literature Commons, History Commons, International and Area Studies Commons, Political Science Commons, and the Sociology Commons Recommended Citation Yuanhui, Shi (2017) "Hanwen Fang, A Study of Comparative Civilizations. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 2014.," Comparative Civilizations Review: Vol. 76 : No. 76 , Article 21. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr/vol76/iss76/21 This Book Review is brought to you for free and open access by the All Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Comparative Civilizations Review by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Yuanhui: Hanwen Fang, <em>A Study of Comparative Civilizations</em>. Beiji Comparative Civilizations Review 161 Hanwen Fang, A Study of Comparative Civilizations. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 2014. Reviewed by Shi Yuanhui In 2014, Professor Fang Hanwen of Soochow University, China, published his 5-volumed monograph, A Study of Comparative Civilizations, offering his understanding of the main civilizations in the world. Professor Fang won his doctorate in Beijing Normal University in 1990, and he continued his studies of comparative literature and comparative civilizations, having published 34 books. As he wrote in the epilogue, he had been working on the book, A Study of Comparative Civilizations, since he was still reading for his doctor’s degree and finally completed it when he was invited to be a full-time research fellow in Peking University. -
A Contemporary Witness' Journal Account of the 1941 Invading
ISSN 1712-8358[Print] Cross-Cultural Communication ISSN 1923-6700[Online] Vol. 11, No. 9, 2015, pp. 9-13 www.cscanada.net DOI:10.3968/7524 www.cscanada.org A Contemporary Witness’ Journal Account of the 1941 Invading Japanese Army’s Fatigue Bombing of Chongqing GUO Chuan[a],* [a]Associate Professor, College of Historic Culture & College of in The Chongqing Bombing: “Of the The Army, Navy, Nationalities, Southwest University, China. and Airforce coordinated implementation of Operation *Corresponding author. 100 (1939), Operation 101 (1940), and Operation 102 Received 8 June 2015; accepted 5 August 2015 (1941), Operations 101 and 102 in particular reduced Published online 26 September 2015 the old downtown area of Chongqing to ashes. As the Japanese army and navy planes continuously bombed the Abstract citizens of Chongqing, they simply could not leave their In 1941, on the basis of Operation 101, the Japanese bomb shelters. This kind of bombing was called “fatigue Army continued carrying out Operation 102, a deliberate bombing” and continued until Autumn of 1941. The kind “fatigue bombardment” against Chongqing civilian of fatigue bombing was only relieved until the eve of war targets, in an attempt to cause popular confusion at the between Japan and the US (Maeda, 1989). rear of the war, disintegrate the wartime morale of the From July 27 to August 31, 1941, the Japanese Army, soldiers and civilians, so as to achieve the establishment on the basis of the 1940 Operation 101, continuously of a beachhead. However, the army and civilians of implemented Operation 102. However, the plan was then Chongqing endured suffering during the bombing, aborted due to the transfer of Japanese naval aviation exhibiting the spirit of total war. -
Common Man's Confucius for the West 10:55, May 08, 2009
Common man's Confucius for the West 10:55, May 08, 2009 When Yu Dan, a media expert and professor at Beijing Normal University, sat down to interpret Confucian thoughts in 2006, little did she realize that this effort would catapult her to overnight fame, turning the wise and dusty old Confucian teachings into a Chinese version of Chicken Soup for the Soul. Yu Dan's Insights into the Analects, based on 7 lectures that Yu Dan gave in 2006 on China Central Television's (CCTV) primetime show "Lecture Room", sold a record 12,600 copies on the launch day. Within two years, the book sold 5 million legal copies and an estimated 6 million pirated ones, remaining at the top of the Chinese bestseller lists even today (ranked 23rd in the non-fiction category in March 2009). While the Chinese version continued to reap in rich harvests, last week, UK-based Macmillan Publishers Ltd, released the English version of Yu Dan's bestseller, Confucius from the Heart: Ancient Wisdom for Today's World, bringing 2500-year-old Confucian wisdom to modern Western readers. Translated from Yu Dan's original book, published by Zhonghua Book Company, which is based in Beijing, the English version has trumped the previous record money of 100,000 U.S. dollars Jiang Rong's Wolf Totem cost Penguin in September 2005. Macmillan has paid a record 100,000 British pounds to Zhonghua for obtaining the copyright of Yu's book. Macmillan published the book in UK on May 1, 2009. To promote her book, Yu Dan visited UK and gave speeches at Cambridge University, Manchester University and Asian House in April, attracting hundreds of British audience.(Photo: en.huanqiu.com) A few years ago, Chinese traditional culture was brought back in vogue by the CCTV show "Lecture Room", triggering nationwide enthusiasm and it also caught the attention of the Western media. -
Kaiming Press and the Cultural Transformation of Republican China
PRINTING, READING, AND REVOLUTION: KAIMING PRESS AND THE CULTURAL TRANSFORMATION OF REPUBLICAN CHINA BY LING A. SHIAO B.A., HEFEI UNITED COLLEGE, 1988 M.A., PENNSYVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, 1993 M.A., BROWN UNIVERSITY, 1996 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSPHY IN THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AT BROWN UNIVERSITY PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND MAY 2009 UMI Number: 3370118 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI® UMI Microform 3370118 Copyright 2009 by ProQuest LLC All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 © Copyright 2009 by Ling A. Shiao This dissertation by Ling A. Shiao is accepted in its present form by the Department of History as satisfying the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Date W iO /L&O^ Jerome a I Grieder, Advisor Recommended to the Graduate Council Date ^)u**u/ef<2coy' Richard L. Davis, Reader DateOtA^UT^b Approved by the Graduate Council Date w& Sheila Bonde, Dean of the Graduate School in Ling A. -
Jade Huang and Chinese Culture Identity: Focus on the Myth of “Huang of Xiahoushi”
Journal of Literature and Art Studies, June 2016, Vol. 6, No. 6, 603-618 doi: 10.17265/2159-5836/2016.06.003 D DAVID PUBLISHING Jade Huang and Chinese Culture Identity: Focus on the Myth of “Huang of Xiahoushi” TANG Qi-cui, WU Yu-wei Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China This paper focus on the myth of “Huang of Xiahoushi” (夏后氏之璜), focusing on the distribution of Jade Huang (玉璜) since the early neolithic and its process of pluralistic integration. The paper explores the story of ethnic group, cultural identification and the significance of Jade Huang in the discourse construction of etiquette civilization behind the mythic narrative based on multi-evidence method and the local meaning of literature in ancient Chinese context. Keywords: Jade Huang, Huang of Xiahoushi, unified diversity, Chinese identity, etiquette civilization, multi-evidence method Introduction Modern archeological relics including potteries, jades and bronzes bring back the lost history; the process of how Chinese unified diversity took shape in general and the great tradition of jade culture in eight thousand in particular. The handed-down documents echo each other at a distance provide solid evidences for the origin of civilization of rite and music and the core values based on jade belief. Jade Huang is an important one of it. It is illuminated by numerous records about Jade Huang in ancient literature, as well as a large number of archaeology findings past 7,000 years. The paper seeks to focus on the following questions: what is the function of Jade Huang in historic and prehistoric period? Moreover, what is the function of “Huang of Xiahoushi”, which belonged to emperor and symbolized special power in historic documents and myths and legends in ancient china? Jade Huang: Etiquette and Literature Jade Huang (Yu Huang, Semi-circular/annular Jade Pendant) is a type of jade artifact which is seemed to be remotely related to etiquette and literature. -
Download E-Book (PDF)
Journal of Languages and Culture Volume 8 Number 3 March 2017 ISSN 2141-6540 ABOUT JLC The Journal of Languages and Culture (JLC) will be published monthly (one volume per year) by Academic Journals. Journal of Languages and Culture (JLC) is an open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as Political Anthropology, Culture Change, Chinese Painting, Comparative Study of Race, Literary Criticism etc. Contact Us Editorial Office: [email protected] Help Desk: [email protected] Website: http://www.academicjournals.org/journal/JLC Submit manuscript online http://ms.academicjournals.me/ Editors Dr. Marta Manrique Gómez Prof. Ahmed Awad Amin Mahmoud Faculty of Education and Higher Education Middlebury College An-Najah National University, Department of Spanish and Portuguese Nablus. Warner Hall, H-15 Palestine. Middlebury, VT 05753 USA. Dr. R. Joseph Ponniah Dr. Yanjiang Teng Department of Humanities (English) 801 Cherry Lane, APT201 National Institute of Technology Trichirappalli, Tamil Nadu East Lansing India. Michigan State University MI 48824 Dr. Kanwar Dinesh Singh USA. # 3, Cecil Quarters, Chaura Maidan, Shimla:171004 HP Prof. Radhakrishnan Nair India. SCMS-COCHIN Address Prathap Nagar, Muttom, Aluva-1 India. Dr. S. D. Sindkhedkar Head, Department of English, PSGVP Mandal's Arts, Science & Commerce College, Prof. Lianrui Yang Shahada: 425409, (Dist. Nandurbar), (M.S.), School of Foreign Languages, Ocean University of India. China Address 23 Hongkong East Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266071 P China. Editorial Board Dr. Angeliki Koukoutsaki-Monnier Benson Oduor Ojwang University of Haute Alsace Maseno University IUT de Mulhouse P.O.BOX 333, MASENO 40105 Kenya. -
China's Quest for World-Class Universities
MARCHING TOWARD HARVARD: CHINA’S QUEST FOR WORLD-CLASS UNIVERSITIES A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of The School of Continuing Studies and of The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Masters of Arts in Liberal Studies By Linda S. Heaney, B.A. Georgetown University Washington, D.C. April 19, 2111 MARCHING TOWARD HARVARD: CHINA’S QUEST FOR WORLD-CLASS UNIVERSITIES Linda S. Heaney, B.A. MALS Mentor: Michael C. Wall, Ph.D. ABSTRACT China, with its long history of using education to serve the nation, has committed significant financial and human resources to building world-class universities in order to strengthen the nation’s development, steer the economy towards innovation, and gain the prestige that comes with highly ranked academic institutions. The key economic shift from “Made in China” to “Created by China” hinges on having world-class universities and prompts China’s latest intentional and pragmatic step in using higher education to serve its economic interests. This thesis analyzes China’s potential for reaching its goal of establishing world-class universities by 2020. It addresses the specific challenges presented by lack of autonomy and academic freedom, pressures on faculty, the systemic problems of plagiarism, favoritism, and corruption as well as the cultural contradictions caused by importing ideas and techniques from the West. The foundation of the paper is a narrative about the traditional intertwining role of government and academia in China’s history, the major educational transitions and reforms of the 20th century, and the essential ingredients of a world-class institution. -
China and the West: Music, Representation, and Reception
Revised Pages China and the West Revised Pages Wanguo Quantu [A Map of the Myriad Countries of the World] was made in the 1620s by Guilio Aleni, whose Chinese name 艾儒略 appears in the last column of the text (first on the left) above the Jesuit symbol IHS. Aleni’s map was based on Matteo Ricci’s earlier map of 1602. Revised Pages China and the West Music, Representation, and Reception Edited by Hon- Lun Yang and Michael Saffle University of Michigan Press Ann Arbor Revised Pages Copyright © 2017 by Hon- Lun Yang and Michael Saffle All rights reserved This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including illustrations, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publisher. Published in the United States of America by the University of Michigan Press Manufactured in the United States of America c Printed on acid- free paper 2020 2019 2018 2017 4 3 2 1 A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Names: Yang, Hon- Lun, editor. | Saffle, Michael, 1946– editor. Title: China and the West : music, representation, and reception / edited by Hon- Lun Yang and Michael Saffle. Description: Ann Arbor : University of Michigan Press, 2017. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2016045491| ISBN 9780472130313 (hardcover : alk. paper) | ISBN 9780472122714 (e- book) Subjects: LCSH: Music—Chinese influences. | Music—China— Western influences. | Exoticism in music.