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58. Psyche and Soul 1041 SOUL 58 PSYCHE AND WITH THE THREE VOLUMES OF CLEFT CRAFT HAVE BEEN INVOLVED AND DETAILED DE BASIC SCIENCE SURGICAL PRINCIPLES CRAFTSMANSHIP AND DEVOTED TO THE VELOPED THROUGH CENTURIES OF EXPERIENCE WITH CLEFT INTO THE IDEAL NORMAL TRANSFORMATION OF PATIENT AND SOUL AFTER ALL THIS WHAT ABOUT EACH PSYCHE INDIVIDUAL REACTION TO DEFORMITY LIFE ITSELF HOW WE ARE GOING TO REACT TO DEFORMITY OR EVEN TO IN THE INFLUENCE OF MAY ALREADY BE DETERMINED OUR GENES DESPITE FACTORS AS STRAITH AND WROTE IN 1951 SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL CHILDREN BORN IN DIFFERENT FAMILIES BUT BOTH WITH HARELIP LET US COMPARE TWO 18 MONTHS OF THE MOTHER OF AND CLEFT PALATE AND BOTH APPROXIMATELY AGE FOR TREATMENT AT THE OF UNC BROUGHT HER TINY DAUGHTER IN SURGICAL AGE YEARS SHE HAD FOUND THE LITTLE IN FRONT OF THE SHE REPORTED THAT SEVERAL TIMES GIRL HER UNUNIRED IN AN MIRROR WITH HER FINGERS PUSHING THE EDGES OF LIP TOGETHER HER THEM STICK THIS CHILD WAS NOT ONLY AWARE OF DEFORMITY ATTEMPT TO MAKE ABOUT IT IT COULD BE BUT SHE WAS TRYING RO DO SOMETHING CONSTRUCTIVE HAD BEEN COMPLETED THIS CHILD PREDICTED THAT AS SOON AS ADEQUATE SURGERY WOULD CONTINUE TO MAKE HER ADJUSTMENTS QUITE NORMALLY IN THE BACK OF THE THE OTHER CHILD WAS LITTLE BOY WHOWAS KEPT HIDDEN OF HE WOULD THE BEDCLURHCS AND HOUSE UPON THE APPROACH STRANGER GRAB IN HIS FACE ONE INTO THE FRIGHTENED HOLD THEM UP OVER THE CLEFT GLANCE THE BEDCLOTHES REVEALED THAT THIS NEGLECTED LITTLE PATHETIC EYES PEEKING OVER AND MERE CLOSURE MIGHT NOT FELLOW WAS FAILING IN HIS ADAPTATION SUIGICAL INFLICTED THUS THE BEST CHANCE COMPLETELY HEAL THE PSYCHIC TRAUMA ALREADY WOULD SEEM TO BE SURGICAL TO AVOID UNDESIRABLE PERSONALITY CHANGES COMPLETE CORRECTION OF THE DEFORMITY AT THE EARLIEST DATE FEASIBLE 1041 IT HAS BEEN POINTED OUT BY MEYER THAT THE SOCIAL AND INTRAFAMILIAL ASPECTS OF DISFIGUREMENT THE CULTURAL MILIEU ABHORRENCE OF DEFORMITY AND REACTIONS FROM AND FAMILY PEERS SCAPE GOATING ARE AT LEAST AS OF SENSE OF PRODUCTIVE DEFORMITY AND DEVIANCY AS THE INDIVIDUALS OWN REACTION TO HIS DEFECT IN 1978 LYNN REICHMAN OF THE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA NOTED TEACHERS RATE THE INTELLECTUAL ABILITY OF CLEFT CHILDTEN WITH MORE NOTICEABLE FACIAL LESS DISFIGUREMENT ACCURATELY THAN CLEFT CHILDREN WITH RELATIVELY NORMAL FACIAL WITHIN THE APPEARANCE GROUP OF CLEFT CHILDREN WITH MORE NOTICEABLE FACIAL TEACHEIS DISFIGUREMENT UNDERESTIMATED THE ABILITY OF BRIGHTER CHILDREN AND OVERESTIMATED THE ABILITY OF LESS BRIGHT CHILDREN IT IS INTERESTING HOW SIMILAR DEFORMITIES CAN INVOKE SUCH VARIED REACTION BEETHOVENS PATTERNS POCKMARKED COUNTENANCE PROBABLY WAS FOR GREATLY RESPONSIBLE HIS SEEKING REFUGE IN SOLITUDE TO MINUET RATHER THAN HIS COMPOSE SPENDING ENERGY AT SOCIAL SOMEONE ELSES DANCING MINUET IN CONTRAST GEORGE BERNARD SHAW WHO ALSO HAD SCARS FROM ALLEGEDLY SMALLPOX MERELY PTO DUCED HUGE GROWTH OF BEARD TO COVER THEM AND SCOFFED AT THE WORLD LOUIS XIV DECREED NEW FASHION IN FOOTWEAR TO MAKE HIS FEET UNGAINLY LESS OBVIOUS JIMMY DURANTE WITH THE FRONT BRIM OF HIS HAT TUINED UP SEATED AT THE PIANO BANGING OUT MY NOSES BIRTHDAY TURNED HIS HEAD FROM SIDE SIDE TO PRESENT HIS HUGE NOSE IN YET DE PROFILE CRANO BERGERAC POINTS UNHAPPILY AT HIS TELL ME WHAT OF WHAT HOPE GLORY HOPE OF ANY KIND THIS PROTUBERANCE OF MINE COULD EVER LEAVE ME WILLIAM REVEALED SHAKESPEARE AN ACUTE SENSITIVITY TO THE BUR DEN OF CLEFT WHEN HE WROTE SO SHALL ALL THE COUPLES THREE EVER TRUE IN LOVING BE AND THE BLOTS OF NATURES HAND SHALL NOT IN THEIR ISSUE STAND NEVER MOLE HARELIP NOT SCAR NOR MAIL PRODIGIOUS SUCH AS ARE DESPISED IN NATIVITY 1042 CRIME THAT DEFECTS CAN BE IT HAS BEEN STANDING ASSUMPTION PHYSICAL WITH FACTOR IN ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIOR AS WROTE STRONG CONTRIBUTING STRAITH IN 1951 CALLED CHILD HAS NOT NOTICED HIMSELF OR HAS NOT BEEN TO ANY DEFORMITY THAT WILL BE TO IN SCHOOL HIS ATTENTION BY SIBLINGS CERTAINLY BROUGHT LIGHT THE AND WITH NO TO CONCEAL CHILDREN ARE QUICK TO OBSERVE UNUSUAL ATTEMPT REFRAIN FROM RIDICULE WILL BE FRANK IN THEIR DISCUSSIONS CURIOSITY OR TO THEY SHUN DEFORMED OR THEY DUB HIM AND OPINIONS THEY TEND TO PLAYMATE THE DEFORMED CHILD HAS THE WITH NICKNAME WHICH REFLECTS HIS DEFECT FOR BY OTHER CHILDREN MENTAL AND PHYSICAL FACULTY SELFEXPRESSION POSSESSED RESTRAINED OTHERS OR AVOIDS THE BUT BECAUSE OF HIS DCFORMITY HE IS EITHER BY FOR SUCH THE HANDICAPPED CHILD PERSONAL CONTACTS NECESSARY EXPRESSION CHILDREN AND CRAVES MANY TIMES THESE FEELING INFERIOR ALONE POPULARITY ONE IN ORDER TO OBTAIN TO ATTRACT FRIENDS BOY RESORT TO PETTY PILFERING MONEY STOLE TO BUY CANDY TO GIVE TO WITH FACIAL BURNS NICKNAMED SCARFACE MONEY WOULD NO BE AFRAID TO HOLD HIS HAND IN GAMES HIS PLAYMATES SO THEY LONGER THE HANDSOME AND THE BEAUTIFUL CHILDHOOD FAIRY STORIES POSE PRINCE COMIC BOOKS THIS THEME WITH PRINCESS AGAINST THE UGLY WITCH REPEAT CHARACTERS AS AND DETECTIVE TRACY AGAINST SUCH FUNNYLOOKING FLATTOP WHITEHAT HEROES AGAINST BLACKMUSTACHED EYES MOVIES PORTRAY WESTERN OF THERE IS NOT ONLY THE VILLAINS THUS THROUGH THE EARLY YEARS DEVELOPMENT AND OF WITH EVIL CONSTANT IDENTIFICATION OF BEAUTY WITH GOODNESS UGLINESS BEAUTIFUL SELF WITH THE AND THE BUT THERE IS ALSO THE ATTEMPT TO IDENTIFY GOOD OF DEFORMED CHILD WHEN HE REALIZES BUT THERE COMES TIME IN THE LIFE EVERY HIS IDEAL HERO HE IS REMINDED OF THIS OVET THAT HE CANNOT TAKE THE PART OF FROM FRIENDS AND SECOND FROM AND OVER BY THOUGHTLESS REMARKS GLANCES CHILD BECOME DELIN IT IS TO SEE HOW HANDICAPPED MIGHT STIANGERS EASY DRIVEN INTO CRIME REAR ADMIRAL QUENT AND IF MERELY PUNISHED OF WHO WAS EVANS OF THE BRITISH NAVY TELLS THE STORY BOY HE WAS TAUNTED AND RIDICULED BECAUSE OF HIS UGLY PROTRUDING TEETH GIVEN HE TURNED NOT ONLY THOSE THE NICKNAME BARRACUDA GRADUALLY AGAINST AND UNDER HIS WHO RIDICULED HIM BUT AGAINST ALL SOCIETY GATHERED TOGETHER AND RUTHLESS BUCCA COMMANDTHE SCARLET FLEER HE BECAME THE MOST FEARED WHO HAD AT HIM AS CHILD AT NEER ON THE SEAS AND MANY OF THOSE LAUGHED DEATH DO THE CRUELTIES OF YOUTH SCHOOL WALKED THE PLANK TO THEIR THUS MAKE ROGUES WITH CHARACTERS WHOSE ANTISOCIAL BE THE LITERATURE IS REPLETE SOME DEFECT LEWIN HAVIOR IS DETERMINED IN LARGE PART BY PHYSICAL 1043 NOTED TWO EXAMPLES VICTOR HUGOS QUASIMODO THE HUNCHBACK OF NOTRE DAME IS ACUTELY AWARE OF HIS OWNUGLINESS AND SEEMS TO BE PROPELLED BY HIS HATRED OF HIMSELF AND REPUGNANCE OF HIS OWN IMAGE INTO THE PROTECTION OF BEAUTY SHAKESPEARES RICHARD III IS VILLAINOUS CHARACTER WHOSE AWARENESS OF HIS PHYSICAL DEFECTS PRESENTS AN INSURMOUNTABLE OBSTACLE TO NORMAL SOCIAL INTERCOURSE AS IT BECOMES THE MOTIVATING FACTOR IN HIS LIFE IN HIS BOOK THIS GUNFOR HIRE GRAHAM GREENES PROTAGONIST RAVEN IS POSTOPERATIVE CLEFT LIP WHO JUSTIFIES HIS LIFE OF CRIME AS RETALIATION AGAINST SOCIETY FOR ITS CRUELTIES TO HIM MURDER DIDNT MUCH MEAN TO RAVEN IT WAS JUST NEW JOB THE COLD WIND HIS FACE IN CUT THE WIDE CONTINENTAL STREET IT WAS GOOD EXCUSE FOR THE COLLAR OF TURNING HIS COAT WELL UP ABOVE HIS MOUTH HARELIP WAS SERIOUS IN HIS EJ HANDICAP PROFESSION JR HAD BEEN BADLY SEWN IN INFANCY SO THAT NOWTHE WAS TWISTED AND SCARRED UPPER LIP WHEN YOU CARRIED ABOUT YOU SO AN COULDNT EASY IDENTIFICATION YOU HELP BECOMING RUTHLESS IN YOUR METHODS IT HAD FROM THE RR ALWAYS START BEEN NECESSARY FOR RAVEN TO ELIMINATE THE EVIDENCE PLASTIC HAS BEEN USED IN SURGERY AN ATTEMPT TO REHABILITATE ADULT PENITENTIARY INMATES THE RESULTS HAVE BEEN EQUIVOCAL IN AND 1966 SPIRA CHIZEN GEROW HARDY INDICATED THAT 17 PERCENT OF THE INMATES RELEASED FROM TEXAS PRISON AFTER LECEIVING PLASTIC SURGERY WERE RETURNED DURING FIVE YEAR FOLLOWUP PERIOD WHEREAS THE RECIDIVISM RATE AMONG THAT GENERAL PRISON POPULATION WAS 316 PERCENT IN 1967 VELASCO WOOLFAND BROADBENT REPORTED 213 AND 30 RECIDIVISM IN PERCENT PERCENT RATES INMATES RECEIVING AND NOT RECEIVING PLASTIC SURGERY RESPECTIVELY YET ALSO IN 1967 AND SCHURING DODGE REPORTED NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE BETWEEN INMATES RECEIVING PLASTIC SURGERY AND NONOPERATED CONTROLS 48 RECIDIVISM PERCENT RATE FOR BOTH AS EARLY AS 1948 PICK NOTED WHERE CRIMINALITY HAS BECOME AN ESTABLISHED HABIT ESISRANT TO REHABIL IN OF ADULT ITATION IMPROVEMENT APPEARANCE AN INCORRIGIBLE MAY CHANGE THE STANDARD OF HIS CRIMINAL PRACTICES UPON RELEASE FROM THAT OF COMMON THIEF TO THAT OF OF ORDEI IT SPECIALIST HIGHER IS THEREFORE FELT THAT WHERE BODILY DEFECTS OR GROSS FEATURES EXIST IN THE YOUTHFUL DELINC SUCH DEFECTS SHOULD BE CORRECTED AND THEIR TRIGGER VALUE REMOVED BEFORE THE BOY DELIN QUENT BECOMES THE MAN CRIMINAL 1044 BE MORE EFFECTIVE IN IT WAS THOUGHT THAT PLASTIC SURGERY MIGHT ADOLESCENTS THE REHABILITATION OF DEFORMED DELINQUENT KNORR 1LOOPES AND EDGERTON IN 1968 REPORTED ARE MORE INTO THE PHYSICAL CHANGES VIA COSMETIC SURGERY EASILY INTEGRATED ADOLCSCCNR BODY IMAGE PERCEPT BY THE STUDIED 21 DE IN 1973 MEYER HOOPES JABALEY AND ALLEN FORMED ADOLESCENT DELINQUENTS 14 OF WHOM HAD PLASTIC SURGERY WERE ONE OF THESE HAD SECONDARY CLEFT LIP DEFORMITY UNOP ERATED THEY DETERMINED THOSE WHO THERE WERE NO REMARKABLE BEHAVIORAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PATIENTS THOSE WHODID NOT INTERVENTION AS AN ADDED FACTOR HAD SURGERY AND SURGICAL THAN WAS FELT TO BE NO MORE EFFECTIVE IN ACHIEVING POSITIVE CHANGE PSYCHO ALONE LOGICAL OR SOCIAL INTERVENTION IT WAS SUGGESTED BE FIXED IN THEIR IMAGE CONCEPTS SO ADOLESCENTS MAY ALREADY RELATIVELY BODY IS INEFFECTIVE IN THAT SURGICAL INTERVENTION ACCELERATING PROGRESS IN WHICH YET THERE ARE MANY ENCOURAGING EXAMPLES SURGICAL DEFECTS THAT WERE CORRECTION OF MAJOR OR MINOR COSMETIC TRIGGER REACTIONS AND THE INDIVIDUAL ING CHANGE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL LEADING INTO CHRONIC CONFLICT WITH SOCIETY SUDDENLY ENABLED HIM TO COPE LIFE SUCCESSFULLY
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