Schoenus Scabripes (Cyperaceae)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Schoenus Scabripes (Cyperaceae) Please do not remove this page Translocation and population establishment of Schoenus scabripes (Cyperaceae) Milne, Cameron https://research.usc.edu.au/discovery/delivery/61USC_INST:ResearchRepository/12149499750002621?l#13149499740002621 Milne, C. (2021). Translocation and population establishment of Schoenus scabripes (Cyperaceae) [University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland]. https://doi.org/10.25907/00074 Document Type: Thesis USC Research Bank: https://research.usc.edu.au [email protected] It's your responsibility to determine if additional rights or permissions are needed for your use. Downloaded On 2021/10/02 13:00:14 +1000 Please do not remove this page 1 2 Translocation and population establishment of 3 Schoenus scabripes (Cyperaceae) 4 5 6 7 Cameron Milne B.Sc. 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 School of Science and Engineering 15 University of the Sunshine Coast 16 17 1 18 Abstract 19 Members of the plant family Cyperaceae are a dominant and diverse contributor to the floristic 20 composition of coastal ecosystems. A mitigation of impacts is often needed where vegetation clearing 21 for development will result in the loss of these plant communities. Mitigation may include 22 translocating plant communities, which involves salvaging and relocating plants, or propagating and 23 planting plants. However, little is known about the translocation of many Cyperaceae species. 24 Understanding how Cyperaceae species can be translocated and established in disturbed landscapes 25 is important to support conservation programs and to ensure that revegetation efforts contribute 26 genuinely to biodiversity. 27 I aimed to investigate the propagation and population establishment of Schoenus scabripes 28 (Cyperaceae) following disturbance as part of vegetation clearing for expansion of the Caloundra 29 Aerodrome on the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia. S. scabripes was listed as a rare plant under 30 the Queensland Nature Conservation Act 1992 at the time of works. Significant knowledge gaps in 31 revegetation techniques persist for many wet-heath sedges such as S. scabripes, including propagation 32 methods, seed germination and establishment techniques. Three propagation and establishment 33 methods assessed in this study included translocation of mature plants, field establishment of nursery- 34 grown plants, and seed germination. I investigated field establishment techniques for S. scabripes, 35 including planting with organic mulch and planting with companion leguminous plants that fix 36 nitrogen. 37 Whole plant translocation of mature clumps of S. scabripes and translocation of nursery-grown 38 potted plants was undertaken on the study site. Whole plant translocation was undertaken by 39 excavating and transporting turves to the study site using earthmoving machinery and trucks. Nursery- 40 grown plants were planted adjacent to the translocated turves, using four treatments: no mulch; 41 mulch; no mulch but with a companion plant; or both mulch and a companion plant. Establishment 42 and site treatments were evaluated by measuring plant survival, plant health, flowering, stem length, 43 and stem and leaf nutrient concentrations. 2 44 Whole plant translocation of S. scabripes resulted in high initial success with 100% survival of 45 plants for the first 26 months and 62% survival at 50 months after establishment. Nursery-grown 46 plants also established successfully during the first year following planting. However, their survival 47 and health declined subsequently. Nursery-grown plants had stem N concentrations within the ranges 48 previously found for Cyperaceae species. Stem concentrations of P and K were lower than previous 49 observations of other Schoenus species. 50 Germination of S. scabripes seeds collected over two seasons was tested using sixteen seed 51 treatments to identify possible germination cues. Treatments included seed ripening, hot water, dry 52 heat, smoke water, and inundation (anoxic conditions). Negligible germination was obtained in any 53 treatment, with less than 1% of all seeds germinating. 54 I demonstrated that whole plant translocation of S. scabripes using excavation machinery was an 55 effective method for salvage and relocation of a population and was more effective than translocation 56 of nursery-grown plants alone. Seed germination methods for, and dormancy mechanisms of S. 57 scabripes remain unknown. This study will assist researchers and revegetation practitioners working 58 with Schoenus species and will contribute to improving the plant species diversity represented in 59 revegetation projects. 60 61 3 62 Declaration of originality 63 64 This work has not been submitted previously for a degree or diploma at this or any other university. 65 To the best of my knowledge and belief, this thesis contains no material formerly published or written 66 by another person, except where due reference is made in the thesis itself. 67 68 Signed: 69 70 Date: 6th November 2020 71 4 72 Contents 73 Abstract ................................................................................................................................................... 2 74 Declaration of originality ........................................................................................................................ 4 75 Contents .................................................................................................................................................. 5 76 List of figures ........................................................................................................................................... 7 77 List of tables .......................................................................................................................................... 10 78 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................... 11 79 Chapter 1 - Introduction & literature review ........................................................................................ 12 80 Thesis introduction ........................................................................................................................... 12 81 Literature review ............................................................................................................................... 14 82 Land clearing and restoration ....................................................................................................... 14 83 Restoration techniques ................................................................................................................. 14 84 Challenges of restoration in coastal environments ...................................................................... 18 85 Cyperaceae - Schoenus scabripes ................................................................................................. 19 86 Schoenus scabripes cultivation and establishment ...................................................................... 20 87 Schoenus seed germination .......................................................................................................... 21 88 Schoenus and fire .......................................................................................................................... 22 89 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................... 23 90 Research aims and thesis structure .................................................................................................. 23 91 References ........................................................................................................................................ 25 92 Chapter 2 -Translocation and population establishment of Schoenus scabripes (Cyperaceae) ........... 36 93 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................. 37 94 Keywords:.......................................................................................................................................... 37 95 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 38 96 Materials and methods ..................................................................................................................... 41 97 Study species ................................................................................................................................. 41 98 Site description ............................................................................................................................. 44 99 Translocation methods ................................................................................................................. 44 100 Data collection for whole translocated plants .............................................................................. 47 101 Establishment of nursery-grown S. scabripes under field conditions........................................... 47 102 Data collection and analysis of nursery-grown plants .................................................................. 52 103 Stem and leaf sample collection and chemical analysis ............................................................... 52 104 Statistical analysis for translocated whole plants ........................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Jervis Bay Territory Page 1 of 50 21-Jan-11 Species List for NRM Region (Blank), Jervis Bay Territory
    Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Species List What is the summary for and where does it come from? This list has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. The list was produced using the AustralianAustralian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. For each family of plant and animal covered by ANHAT (Appendix 1), this document gives the number of species in the country and how many of them are found in the region. It also identifies species listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered or Conservation Dependent under the EPBC Act. A biodiversity summary for this region is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are notnot included included in in the the list. list. • The data used come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations.
    [Show full text]
  • The Schoenus Spikelet: a Rhipidium? a Floral Ontogenetic Answer
    Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 23 | Issue 1 Article 15 2007 The choS enus Spikelet: a Rhipidium? A Floral Ontogenetic Answer Alexander Vrijdaghs Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium Paul Goetghebeur Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium Erik Smets Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium Pieter Caris Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Plant Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Vrijdaghs, Alexander; Goetghebeur, Paul; Smets, Erik; and Caris, Pieter (2007) "The choeS nus Spikelet: a Rhipidium? A Floral Ontogenetic Answer," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 23: Iss. 1, Article 15. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol23/iss1/15 Aliso 23, pp. 204–209 ᭧ 2007, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden THE SCHOENUS SPIKELET: A RHIPIDIUM? A FLORAL ONTOGENETIC ANSWER ALEXANDER VRIJDAGHS,1,3 PAUL GOETGHEBEUR,2 ERIK SMETS,1 AND PIETER CARIS1 1Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; 2Research Group Spermatophytes, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium 3Corresponding author ([email protected]) ABSTRACT The inflorescence unit of Schoenus nigricans and S. ferrugineus consists of a zigzag axis and distichously arranged bracts, each of which may or may not subtend a bisexual flower. Each flower seems to terminate a lateral axis. These features have led to a controversy about the nature of the inflorescence unit, particularly whether it is monopodial or sympodial. It was often seen as a pseu- dospikelet composed of a succession of lateral axes, each subtended by the prophyll of the previous axis, as in a rhipidium.
    [Show full text]
  • Coastal Upland Swamps in the Sydney Basin Bioregion : Draft
    1 COASTAL UPLAND SWAMPS IN THE SYDNEY BASIN BIOREGION: DRAFT 2 DESCRIPTION 3 4 Description 5 The Coastal Upland Swamps in the Sydney Basin Bioregion includes a range of vegetation and 6 fauna associated with periodically waterlogged soils on the Hawkesbury sandstone plateaus. 7 Vegetation types include open graminoid heath, sedgeland and tall scrub. This ecological 8 community, proposed for national listing under the Commonwealth Environment Protection 9 and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, is based on the NSW listed community of the same 10 name. Information regarding the NSW ecological community can be found at: 11 http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/determinations/coastaluplandswampfd.htm 12 13 Name of the ecological community 14 Coastal Upland Swamps in the Sydney Basin Bioregion 15 16 Location and physical environment 17 The Coastal Upland Swamps in the Sydney Basin Bioregion ecological community is endemic 18 to NSW, within the eastern Sydney Basin. 19 In the south the community occurs on the Woronora plateau, in the north it occurs on the 20 Somersby-Hornsby plateaus. The southern part of this distribution is separated from the north 21 by an area of non-sandstone substrates, less rainfall and lower elevation, and by the urban 22 development of Sydney. 23 Geology 24 The community occurs primarily on impermeable sandstone plateaus in the headwater valleys 25 of streams and on sandstone benches with abundant seepage moisture (Buchanan, 1980; 26 Young, 1986; Keith and Myerscough, 1993; Keith et al. 2006 in NSW Scientific Committee, 27 2012). They are occasionally associated with weathered shale lenses and ironstone (Buchanan, 28 1980; Keith 1994 in NSW Scientific Committee, 2012).
    [Show full text]
  • Literaturverzeichnis
    Literaturverzeichnis Abaimov, A.P., 2010: Geographical Distribution and Ackerly, D.D., 2009: Evolution, origin and age of Genetics of Siberian Larch Species. In Osawa, A., line ages in the Californian and Mediterranean flo- Zyryanova, O.A., Matsuura, Y., Kajimoto, T. & ras. Journal of Biogeography 36, 1221–1233. Wein, R.W. (eds.), Permafrost Ecosystems. Sibe- Acocks, J.P.H., 1988: Veld Types of South Africa. 3rd rian Larch Forests. Ecological Studies 209, 41–58. Edition. Botanical Research Institute, Pretoria, Abbadie, L., Gignoux, J., Le Roux, X. & Lepage, M. 146 pp. (eds.), 2006: Lamto. Structure, Functioning, and Adam, P., 1990: Saltmarsh Ecology. Cambridge Uni- Dynamics of a Savanna Ecosystem. Ecological Stu- versity Press. Cambridge, 461 pp. dies 179, 415 pp. Adam, P., 1994: Australian Rainforests. Oxford Bio- Abbott, R.J. & Brochmann, C., 2003: History and geography Series No. 6 (Oxford University Press), evolution of the arctic flora: in the footsteps of Eric 308 pp. Hultén. Molecular Ecology 12, 299–313. Adam, P., 1994: Saltmarsh and mangrove. In Groves, Abbott, R.J. & Comes, H.P., 2004: Evolution in the R.H. (ed.), Australian Vegetation. 2nd Edition. Arctic: a phylogeographic analysis of the circu- Cambridge University Press, Melbourne, pp. marctic plant Saxifraga oppositifolia (Purple Saxi- 395–435. frage). New Phytologist 161, 211–224. Adame, M.F., Neil, D., Wright, S.F. & Lovelock, C.E., Abbott, R.J., Chapman, H.M., Crawford, R.M.M. & 2010: Sedimentation within and among mangrove Forbes, D.G., 1995: Molecular diversity and deri- forests along a gradient of geomorphological set- vations of populations of Silene acaulis and Saxi- tings.
    [Show full text]
  • Native Plants of Sydney Harbour National Park: Historical Records and Species Lists, and Their Value for Conservation Monitoring
    Native plants of Sydney Harbour National Park: historical records and species lists, and their value for conservation monitoring Doug Benson National Herbarium of New South Wales, Royal Botanic Gardens, Mrs Macquaries Rd, Sydney 2000 AUSTRALIA [email protected] Abstract: Sydney Harbour National Park (lat 33° 53’S; long 151° 13’E), protects significant vegetation on the harbour foreshores close to Sydney City CBD; its floristic abundance and landscape beauty has been acknowledged since the writings of the First Fleet in 1788. Surprisingly, although historical plant collections were made as early as1802, and localised surveys have listed species for parts of the Park since the 1960s, a detailed survey of the flora of whole Park is still needed. This paper provides the first definitive list of the c.400 native flora species for Sydney Harbour National Park (total area 390 ha) showing occurrence on the seven terrestrial sub-regions or precincts (North Head, South Head, Dobroyd Head, Middle Head, Chowder Head, Bradleys Head and Nielsen Park). The list is based on historical species lists, records from the NSW Office of Environment and Heritage (formerly Dept of Environment, Climate Change and Water) Atlas, National Herbarium of New South Wales specimen details, and some additional fieldwork. 131 species have only been recorded from a single precinct site and many are not substantiated with a recent herbarium specimen (though there are historical specimens from the general area for many). Species reported in the sources but for which no current or historic specimen exists are listed separately as being of questionable/non-local status.
    [Show full text]
  • Vegetation of Basket Swamp National Park, Northern Tablelands, New South Wales
    Cunninghamia 8(4): 2004 Hunter, Vegetation of Basket Swamp National Park 453 Vegetation of Basket Swamp National Park, Northern Tablelands, New South Wales John T. Hunter School of Human & Environmental Studies, University of New England NSW 2351, AUSTRALIA Email: [email protected] Abstract: The vegetation of Basket Swamp National Park (2820 ha), 30 km north east of Tenterfield (28°54’S, 152°09’E) in the Tenterfield Shire, in the Northern Tablelands Bioregion NSW, is described. Seven vegetation communities are mapped based on survey of plots, subsequent ground-truthing, air photo interpretation and substrate. Communities described are: (1) Eucalyptus campanulata (Blackbutt) – Eucalyptus cameronii (Diehard Stringybark) Open Forests, (2) Eucalyptus campanulata (Blackbutt) – Eucalyptus cameronii (Diehard Stringybark) Grassy Open Forests, (3) Leptospermum trinervium (Tea-tree) – Leptospermum polygalifolium subsp. transmontanum (Creek Tea-tree) Riparian Scrub, (4) Leptospermum trinervium (Tea-tree) – Kunzea obovata (Pink Kunzea) – Leptospermum novae-angliae (New England Tea-tree) Heaths & Shrublands, (5) Ceratopetalum apetalum (Coachwood) – Lophostemon confertus (Brush Box) Closed Forest, (6) Eucalyptus obliqua (Messmate) – Eucalyptus campanulata (Blackbutt) Tall Open Forests, and (7) Baeckea omissa (Baeckea) – Baloskion stenocoleum (Sedge) Heathy Sedgelands. All but two communities (3 & 7) were considered adequately reserved locally, no listed endangered or vulnerable commu- nities were found. Thirty-six taxa were considered to be of conservation significance of which two are listed as vulnerable on Schedule 2 of the NSW TSC Act. A further nine have been reported under the RoTAP criteria. Cunninghamia (2004) 8(4): 453–466 Introduction Basket Swamp National Park is located approximately 30 km north east of Tenterfield and 10 km west of the Mount Lindsay Highway (28°54’S, 152°09’E) (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • The 1770 Landscape of Botany Bay, the Plants Collected by Banks and Solander and Rehabilitation of Natural Vegetation at Kurnell
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Hochschulschriftenserver - Universität Frankfurt am Main Backdrop to encounter: the 1770 landscape of Botany Bay, the plants collected by Banks and Solander and rehabilitation of natural vegetation at Kurnell Doug Benson1 and Georgina Eldershaw2 1Botanic Gardens Trust, Mrs Macquaries Rd Sydney 2000 AUSTRALIA email [email protected] 2Parks & Wildlife Division, Dept of Environment and Conservation (NSW), PO Box 375 Kurnell NSW 2231 AUSTRALIA email [email protected] Abstract: The first scientific observations on the flora of eastern Australia were made at Botany Bay in April–May 1770. We discuss the landscapes of Botany Bay and particularly of the historic landing place at Kurnell (lat 34˚ 00’ S, long 151˚ 13’ E) (about 16 km south of central Sydney), as described in the journals of Lieutenant James Cook and Joseph Banks on the Endeavour voyage in 1770. We list 132 plant species that were collected at Botany Bay by Banks and Daniel Solander, the first scientific collections of Australian flora. The list is based on a critical assessment of unpublished lists compiled by authors who had access to the collection of the British Museum (now Natural History Museum), together with species from material at National Herbarium of New South Wales that has not been previously available. The list includes Bidens pilosa which has been previously regarded as an introduced species. In 1770 the Europeans set foot on Aboriginal land of the Dharawal people. Since that time the landscape has been altered in response to a succession of different land-uses; farming and grazing, commemorative tree planting, parkland planting, and pleasure ground and tourist visitation.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecology of Pyrmont Peninsula 1788 - 2008
    Transformations: Ecology of Pyrmont peninsula 1788 - 2008 John Broadbent Transformations: Ecology of Pyrmont peninsula 1788 - 2008 John Broadbent Sydney, 2010. Ecology of Pyrmont peninsula iii Executive summary City Council’s ‘Sustainable Sydney 2030’ initiative ‘is a vision for the sustainable development of the City for the next 20 years and beyond’. It has a largely anthropocentric basis, that is ‘viewing and interpreting everything in terms of human experience and values’(Macquarie Dictionary, 2005). The perspective taken here is that Council’s initiative, vital though it is, should be underpinned by an ecocentric ethic to succeed. This latter was defined by Aldo Leopold in 1949, 60 years ago, as ‘a philosophy that recognizes[sic] that the ecosphere, rather than any individual organism[notably humans] is the source and support of all life and as such advises a holistic and eco-centric approach to government, industry, and individual’(http://dictionary.babylon.com). Some relevant considerations are set out in Part 1: General Introduction. In this report, Pyrmont peninsula - that is the communities of Pyrmont and Ultimo – is considered as a microcosm of the City of Sydney, indeed of urban areas globally. An extensive series of early views of the peninsula are presented to help the reader better visualise this place as it was early in European settlement (Part 2: Early views of Pyrmont peninsula). The physical geography of Pyrmont peninsula has been transformed since European settlement, and Part 3: Physical geography of Pyrmont peninsula describes the geology, soils, topography, shoreline and drainage as they would most likely have appeared to the first Europeans to set foot there.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Diversity and Spatial Vegetation Structure of the Calcareous Spring Fen in the "Arkaulovskoye Mire" Protected Area (Southern Urals, Russia)
    Plant diversity and spatial vegetation structure of the calcareous spring fen in the "Arkaulovskoye Mire" Protected Area (Southern Urals, Russia) E.Z. Baisheva1, A.A. Muldashev1, V.B. Martynenko1, N.I. Fedorov1, I.G. Bikbaev1, T.Yu., Minayeva2, A.A. Sirin2 1Ufa Institute of Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences Ufa Federal Research Centre, Ufa, Russian Federation 2Institute of Forest Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Uspenskoe, Russian Federation _______________________________________________________________________________________ SUMMARY The plant communities of base-rich fens are locally rare and have high conservation value in the Republic of Bashkortostan (Russian Federation), and indeed across the whole of Russia. The flora and vegetation of the calcareous spring fen in the protected area (natural monument) “Arkaulovskoye Mire” (Republic of Bashkortostan, Southern Urals Region) was investigated. The species recorded comprised 182 vascular plants and 87 bryophytes (67 mosses and 20 liverworts), including 26 rare species listed in the Red Data Book of the Republic of Bashkortostan and seven species listed in the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation. The study area is notable for the presence of isolated populations of relict species whose main ranges are associated with humid coastal and mountainous regions in Central Europe. The vegetation cover of the protected area consists of periodically flooded grey alder - bird cherry forests, sedge - reed birch and birch - alder forested mire, sparse pine and birch forested mire with dominance of Molinia caerulea, base-rich fens with Schoenus ferrugineus, islets of meso-oligotrophic moss - shrub - dwarf pine mire communities, aquatic communities of small pools and streams, etc. Examination of the peat deposit indicates the occurrence of both historical and present-day travertine deposition.
    [Show full text]
  • 4 Chapter Four Recovery of the CO2 Sink in A
    http://researchcommons.waikato.ac.nz/ Research Commons at the University of Waikato Copyright Statement: The digital copy of this thesis is protected by the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand). The thesis may be consulted by you, provided you comply with the provisions of the Act and the following conditions of use: Any use you make of these documents or images must be for research or private study purposes only, and you may not make them available to any other person. Authors control the copyright of their thesis. You will recognise the author’s right to be identified as the author of the thesis, and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate. You will obtain the author’s permission before publishing any material from the thesis. Carbon dynamics in restiad peatlands across different timescales A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Earth Sciences at The University of Waikato by Joshua Lee Ratcliffe 2019 I would like to dedicate this thesis to my friend and former mentor; Dr. Richard Payne who died in an avalanche on the 26th of May 2019 while attempting to climb an un-named peak upon Nanda Devi mountain. Abstract Peatlands contain one of the largest terrestrial carbon stores on the planet, and one which is known to interact with climate and global biogeochemical cycling of nutrients. Peatlands maintain their carbon primarily through a high and stable water table which restricts decomposition, and large amounts of carbon can be lost upon drying. However, peatlands are also characterised by non-linear responses to external forcing with a complex array of internal feedbacks which tend to dominate ecosystem response over long-timescales and may amplify or dampen external influences.
    [Show full text]
  • Vegetation and Floristics of Butterleaf National Park, Butterleaf State Conservation Area and the Bezzants Lease
    Vegetation and Floristics of Butterleaf National Park, Butterleaf State Conservation Area and the Bezzants Lease Dr John T. Hunter May 2011 23 Kendall Rd, Invergowrie NSW, 2350 Ph. & Fax: (02) 6775 2452 Email: [email protected] A Report to the New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service & the Nature Conservation Trust of NSW i Vegetation of Butterleaf & Bezzants Lease Summary The vegetation of the Butterleaf National Park and State Conservation Area and Bezzant’s Lease is described and mapped (scale 1:25 000). Nine communities and three sub-associations are defined based on classification (Kulczynski association). These eight communities and three sub-associations were mapped based on ground truthing, air photo interpretation and landform. The communities described and their status is: Floristic Community Area Reservation Status C1a: Eucalyptus radiata – E. Not listed as a community of concern though 1,875 ha campanulata – E. obliqua likely a unique association within the area. C1b: Eucalyptus obliqua – E. Not listed as a community of concern. 263 ha brunnea – E. saligna C1c: Eucalyptus campanulata Not listed as a community of concern. 250 ha – E. obliqua – E. saligna C2: Eucalyptus acaciiformis – Likely to be included as an Endangered Angophora floribunda Ecological Community within the Montane 8.7 ha Peatlands and Swamps determination of the TSC Act. C3: Eucalyptus caliginosa – Not listed as a community of concern though E. bridgesiana – E. 433 ha likely a unique association within the area. laevopinea C4: Eucalyptus nova-anglica Would fall within the Endangered Ecological – E. acaciiformis – E. 39.8 ha Community New England Peppermint subtilior Woodland on the TSC and EPBC Acts.
    [Show full text]
  • During Temporal Heathland Succession Phylogenetic and Functional
    Downloaded from rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org on November 5, 2014 Phylogenetic and functional dissimilarity does not increase during temporal heathland succession Andrew D. Letten, David A. Keith and Mark G. Tozer Proc. R. Soc. B 2014 281, 20142102, published 5 November 2014 Supplementary data "Data Supplement" http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/suppl/2014/11/04/rspb.2014.2102.DC1.h tml References This article cites 48 articles, 2 of which can be accessed free http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/281/1797/20142102.full.html#ref-list-1 Subject collections Articles on similar topics can be found in the following collections ecology (1804 articles) Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article - sign up in the box at the top Email alerting service right-hand corner of the article or click here To subscribe to Proc. R. Soc. B go to: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/subscriptions Downloaded from rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org on November 5, 2014 Phylogenetic and functional dissimilarity does not increase during temporal heathland succession rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org Andrew D. Letten1, David A. Keith1,2,3 and Mark G. Tozer2 1Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia 2NSW Office of Environment and Heritage, Hurstville, New South Wales 2220, Australia 3Long Term Ecological Research Network, Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network, Fenner School of the Research Environment Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia Cite this article: Letten AD, Keith DA, Tozer Succession has been a focal point of ecological research for over a century, but MG. 2014 Phylogenetic and functional thus far has been poorly explored through the lens of modern phylogenetic and trait-based approaches to community assembly.
    [Show full text]