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THE IMPLEMENTATION of PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM in GRESIK REGENCY BASED on GOVERNANCE PERSPECTIVE (Case Study in PT Petrokimia Gresik)

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THE IMPLEMENTATION of PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM in GRESIK REGENCY BASED on GOVERNANCE PERSPECTIVE (Case Study in PT Petrokimia Gresik) THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM IN GRESIK REGENCY BASED ON GOVERNANCE PERSPECTIVE (Case Study in PT Petrokimia Gresik) Susilo Wati, Soesilo Zauhar, Ike Wanusmawatie Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Administrative Science, University of Brawijaya, Malang E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: The Implementation of Partnership Program in Gresik Regency Based on Governance Perspective. Governance concept offers interactions between three main actors in policy implementation, the actor are government, society and private known as the iron triangle. This journal will discuss three actors synergies in the implementation of partnership programs conducted by PT Petrokimia Gresik in developing small enterprises in Gresik regency based on governance perspective. Based on the conducted research, the findings showed good synergy between the private (PT Petrokimia Gresik) and the community (partner member) in the implementation of the partnership program, unfortunately the synergy with government was less maximum, particularly with the Department of Cooperatives, Small and Medium Enterprises, Industry and Trade in Gresik regency this is caused by some reasons, so at the end of this journal researcher give recommendations as alternative to address the existing problems. Keywords: governance, synergy, partnership program Abstrak: Implementasi Program Kemitraan di Kabupaten Gresik Berdasarkan Perspektif Governance. Konsep governance menawarkan interaksi antara tiga aktor utama dalam implementasi suatu kebijakan, aktor tersebut adalah pemerintah, masyarakat dan privat yang dikenal dengan iron triangle. Jurnal ini akan membahas sinergi ketiga aktor dalam implementasi program kemitraan yang dilaksanakan oleh PT Petrokimia Gresik dalam mengembangkan usaha kecil di Kabupaten Gresik berdasarkan perspektif governance. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, terdapat sinergi yang baik antara privat (PT Petrokimia Gresik) dan masyarakat (mitra binaan) dalam implementasi program kemitraan, sayangnya sinergi dengan pemerintah masih kurang maksimal, khususnya dengan Dinas Koperasi, Usaha Kecil Menengah, Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Kabupaten Gresik yang disebabkan oleh beberapa alasan, sehingga pada akhir jurnal ini peneliti memberikan beberapa rekomendasi sebagai alternatif untuk menyelesaikan masalah yang ada. Kata Kunci: governance, sinergi, program kemitraan Introduction average small enterprises can absorb 3-5 Empowering small enterprises are workforces. With the addition 3 million very important and strategic effort to small enterprises unit, in the last two years, strengthen the structure of the national could absorbed until 15 million people. economy. A large number of small In fact there are many problems enterprises bring their own impact on the faced in the development of small Indonesian economy. Strategic position of enterprises. Such as weaknesses of small enterprises not only because of their technology and information access and the large number, but also in terms of workforce expansion of market share, capital, absorbance. According to Aria (2013) in management of the organization, as well as Majalah UKM Indonesia, the number of weaknesses in the establishment of business small enterprises reached 52.8 million units networks and partnerships which lack of in 2011 increased to 55.2 million units. The competitiveness, both in the local as well as Jurnal Administrasi Publik (JAP), Vol. 1, No. 5, Hal. 1016-1024 | 1016 national and international market. To between governments and companies in overcome these problems of course is not developing small enterprises. Based on the easy, it needs cooperation of various parties description from staff of Department of in order to realize the success of economic Cooperatives, Small and Medium development. In accordance with the theory Enterprises, Trade and Industry in Gresik of governance, to achieve success in Regency from previous survey in 2012 said development in terms of achieving social that this department is rarely involved in welfare. There are three main actors who partnership program of PT Petrokimia have worked together which are state, civil Gresik particularly associated with small society, and the private sector. All three enterprises in Gresik regency. A represent- sectors have to work together in order to tative from this agency was only invited in create welfare among society. In this case major events, such as anniversary of PT focus on the synergy of three stakeholders in Petrokimia Gresik. This happened because the implementation of partnership program the fear of the company if involves the conducted by PT Petrokimia Gresik in Department of Cooperatives, Small and developing small enterprises in Gresik Medium Enterprises, Trade and Industry in Regency. PT Petrokimia Gresik is a Gresik Regency will hamper the perfor- company engaged in the fertilizer industry mance‘s company because of complicated which is currently the largest fertilizer government bureaucracy. producer in East Java. The problem also rises from The implementation of the community, especially small enterprises partnership program in the company based which are also less active in seeking on the Regulation of Minister of State information related to the development of Owned Company No. PER-05/MBU/2007 their business and many small businesses are about the Partnership Program of State reluctant to come out from their comfort Owned Companies with Small Scale zone, meaning the lack of initiatives to Business Units and the Environmental expand their business independently despite Development Program, which was there has been training from PT Petrokimia previously based on the Decree of the SOEs Gresik and government. Minister No. Kep-236/MBU/2003, June 17, From the problems that have been 2003. PT Petrokimia Gresik has been described above can be seen the problem committed work in hand with small related with the synergies between enterprises to solve existing problems. governments, private and society in Related with partnership program, from year developing small enterprises, particu-larly in to year, the number of partners built by PT Gresik. In this paper will be explain more Petrokimia Gresik has increased signify- about the synergy of iron triangle cantly. According to the Annual Report of (governments, private and society) in the PT Petrokimia Gresik In 2011, up to 2011, implementation of partnership program of the number of partners reached 4720 PT Petrokimia Gresik. members, in the earlier year 2010 reached 4128 members and in 2009 reached 3730 Theoretical Review members. The commitment of conducting 1. Governance partnership is also proved by the increasing New relationships between the state, fund allocated in this program as shown in private and society, known as governance the table below. The achievement of the PT concept makes a lot of discussion between Petrokimia Gresik received positive the linkages of three actors in achieving appreciation from the Department of common goal. The concept of governance Cooperatives, Small and Medium facilitates the synergy of various parties in Enterprises, Trade and Industry because of addressing an issue. Governance according its seriousness in developing small to Osborn (2010) facilitates an under- enterprises. Between its successes, the standing of power penetrates the spaces implementation of partnership program also policy, processes and practices, and the face problem related with the synergy formal and informal institutional Jurnal Administrasi Publik (JAP), Vol. 1, No. 5, Hal. 1016-1024 | 1017 arrangements which contribute to a "matrix goal, there is a consensus and need each of governance" or "choreo-graphies of other. governance", the ensemble of norms, patterns of behavior , networks and other 2. Small Enterprises institutions, and the power play between There are several definition about involved stakeholder. It is in line with the small enterprises meaning, according to opinion of Islamy (2007), who argued that Statue No. 9 year 1995, Small Business is the concept of policy implementation is the economy activity of the people who has essentially the collaboration between the maximum annual sales 1 billion IDR and has bureaucratic, market and community (iron a net property, excluding land and buildings, triangle). While governance definition from maximum 200 million IDR. According to Endarti (2005) stated the equality, Ministry Decree of SOE No.05/MBU/2007, cohesiveness and balance of role also about The State Partnership Program with control among three actors (government, Small Enter-prises and Environmental society, and private). Assistance Program, the small enterprises Governance has variations, such as who can participate in the partnership good corporate governance, sound program are, have net property of IDR governance, deliberative governance, meta- 200.000.000,- (two hundred million governance, governmentality, etc. The Indonesian dollars), not including the land branch of governance which is closely and building or has annual sales under IDR related to this study is the Good Corporate 1.000.000.000, - (one billion Indonesia Governance (GCG). Applying GCG means dollars); belong to Indonesia citizen; companies must maintain good relations independent, not subsidiaries or branches of with all involved stakeholders in company‘s companies owned, controlled by, or activities. One of the GCG practices adopted affiliated directly or indirectly with medium by the company to cooperate with or large business enterprises; individual
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