Chapter 1. Families in Kenya
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University of Warwick Institutional Repository
University of Warwick institutional repository: http://go.warwick.ac.uk/wrap A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of Warwick http://go.warwick.ac.uk/wrap/67046 This thesis is made available online and is protected by original copyright. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item for information to help you to cite it. Our policy information is available from the repository home page. SOCIAL AND LEGAL CHANGE IN KURIA FAl1ILY RELATIONS Thesis Submitted by Barthazar Aloys RVJEZAURA LL.B (Makerere); LL.M (Harvard) Advocate of the High Court of Tanzania and Senior Lecturer in Law, University of Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. In fulfilment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The University of Warwick, ,School of Law. ,, February, 1982. IMAGING SERVICES NORTH Boston Spa, Wetherby West Yorkshire, LS23 7BQ www.bl.uk BEST COpy AVAILABLE. VARIABLE PRINT QUALITY ii I'ahLeof Contents ii • AcknOi·;~igements v Abstract vii CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1 - 7 CHAPTER Th'O THE LAND AND PEOPLE Geography and Climate 8 Kuria People and Their History 11 Kuria Social Organisation 13 Kuria Land Tenure 19 CHAPTER 'rHREE HAIN FEATURES OF THE KURIA ECONOHY Introduction 23 Pre-Colonial Agriculture 24 Pre-Colonial Animal Husbandry 29 The Elders' Control of Kuria Economy 38 Summary 41 CHAPTER FOUR THE FORIftATIONOF A PEASANT ECONOMY Introduction 42 Consolidation of Colonial Rule 43 Cash Crop Production 46 Cattle Marketing Policy 53 Import and Export Trade 60 Summary -
Navigating Youth, Generating Adulthood Social Becoming in an African Context
Navigating Youth, Generating Adulthood Social Becoming in an African Context Edited by Catrine Christiansen, Mats Utas and Henrik E. Vigh NORDISKA AFRIKAINSTITUTET, UPPSALA 2006 © The Nordic Africa Institute Indexing terms: Youth Adolescents Children Social environment Living conditions Human relations Social and cultural anthropology Case studies Africa Language checking: Elaine Almén Cover photo: “Sierra Leonean musician 2 Jay” by Mats Utas ISBN 91-7106-578-4 © the authors and Nordiska Afrikainstitutet 2006 Printed in Sweden by Elanders Gotab AB, Stockholm 2006 © The Nordic Africa Institute Contents YOUTH(E)SCAPES Introduction Catrine Christiansen, Mats Utas and Henrik E. Vigh ……………………………………… 9 NAVIGATIng YOUTH Chapter 1. Social Death and Violent Life Chances Henrik E. Vigh ……………………………………………… 31 Chapter 2. Coping with Unpredictability: “Preparing for life” in Ngaoundéré, Cameroon Trond Waage …………………………………………………… 61 Chapter 3. Child Migrants in Transit: Strategies to assert new identities in rural Burkina Faso Dorthe Thorsen ………..……………………………………… 88 GEN(D)ERATIng ADULTHOOD Chapter 4. Popular Music and Luo Youth in Western Kenya: Ambiguities of modernity, morality and gender relations in the era of AIDS Ruth Prince …………...………………………………………… 117 Chapter 5. Industrial Labour, Marital Strategy and Changing Livelihood Trajectories among Young Women in Lesotho Christian Boehm …………………………………………… 153 Chapter 6. Relocation of Children: Fosterage and child death in Biombo, Guinea-Bissau Jónína Einarsdóttir ………………………………………… 183 © The Nordic Africa Institute -
Pollution of Groundwater in the Coastal Kwale District, Kenya
Sustainability of Water Resources under Increasing Uncertainty (Proceedings of the Rabat Symposium S1, April 1997). IAHS Publ. no. 240, 1997. 287 Pollution of groundwater in the coastal Kwale District, Kenya MWAKIO P. TOLE School of Environmental Studies, Moi University, PO Box 3900, Eldoret, Kenya Abstract Groundwater is a "last-resort" source of domestic water supply at the Kenyan coast because of the scarcity of surface water sources. NGOs, the Kenya Government, and international aid organizations have promoted the drilling of shallow boreholes from which water can be pumped using hand- operated pumps that are easy to maintain and repair. The shallow nature and the location of the boreholes in the midst of dense population settlements have made these boreholes susceptible to contamination from septic tanks and pit latrines. Thirteen percent of boreholes studied were contaminated with E. coli, compared to 30% of natural springs and 69% of open wells. Areas underlain by coral limestones show contamination from greater distances (up to 150 m away) compared to areas underlain by sandstones (up to 120 m). Overpumping of the groundwater has also resulted in encroachment of sea water into the coastal aquifers. The 200 ppm CI iso-line appears to be moving increasingly landwards. Sea level rise is expected to compound this problem. There is therefore an urgent need to formulate strategies to protect coastal aquifers from human and sea water contamination. INTRODUCTION The Government of Kenya and several nongovernmental organizations have long recog nized the need to make water more easily accessible to the people in order to improve sanitary conditions, as well as to reduce the time people spend searching for water, so that time can be freed for other productive economic and leisure activities. -
Notes on Provincial Consultative Mtg., Central, Nyeri
CONSTITUTION OF KENYA REVIEW COMMISSION NOTES ON CENTRAL PROVINCE PROVINCIAL VISIT – 18.07.01 CONSULTATIVE MEETING AT NYERI COUNTY HALL PRESENT: Prof. Yash Pal Ghai - Chairperson Prof. A. Idha Salim - 1st Vice-Chairperson Mrs. Abida Ali-Aroni - Vice-Chairperson Pastor Zablon Ayonga - Commissioner Dr. M.A. Swazuri - “ Mr. Isaac Lenaola - “ Mr. Riunga Raiji - “ Dr. Charles Maranga - “ Mr. John M. Kangu - “ Ms. Nancy Baraza - “ Mr. Ahamed I. Hassan - “ Bishop Kariuki Njoroge - “ Mr. Zein Abubakar - “ Dr. Abdirizak Arale Nunow - “ Dr. Mosonik arap Korir - “ Mr. Domiziano Ratanya - “ Hon. Mrs. Phoebe Asiyo - “ Mr. Paul M. Wambua - “ Ms. Salome Muigai - “ Ms. Kavetsa Adagala - “ Mrs. Alice Yano - “ Mr. Ibrahim Lethome - “ Mr. Githu Muigai - “ Mr. Arthur Okoth-Owiro - “ ABSENT WITH APOLOGY: Dr. Oki Ooko Ombaka - Vice-Chairperson Dr. Wanjiku Kabira - Commissioner Mr. Keriako Tobiko - “ Prof. H.W.O. Okoth-Ogendo - “ Hon. Amos Wako - Ex-Officio The meeting assembled at 10.00 a.m. at Nyeri County Hall and was opened with Christian and Muslim prayers. 1 The Deputy PC welcomed the Commissioners to Nyeri. The Commissioners introduced themselves and the participants also introduced themselves and included representatives from Mt. Kenya Law Society, Shelter Women of Kenya, Supkem, Safina, Sustainable Empowerment and Agricultural Network, Citizen Small and Medium Industries of Kenya, Build Kenya, Maendeleo ya Wanawake – Kiambu, Councillors, Catholic Dioceses, Justice and Peace, NGO’s, Chamber of Commerce, Mau Mau Veterans Society, KNUT, DP, Churches and individuals. Com. Lethome invited Prof. Ghai to give opening remarks on the Commission’s work and civic education. Prof. Ghai welcomed participants to the meeting and apologised for keeping them waiting as some of them had arrived as early as 8.00 a.m. -
County Urban Governance Tools
County Urban Governance Tools This map shows various governance and management approaches counties are using in urban areas Mandera P Turkana Marsabit P West Pokot Wajir ish Elgeyo Samburu Marakwet Busia Trans Nzoia P P Isiolo P tax Bungoma LUFs P Busia Kakamega Baringo Kakamega Uasin P Gishu LUFs Nandi Laikipia Siaya tax P P P Vihiga Meru P Kisumu ga P Nakuru P LUFs LUFs Nyandarua Tharaka Garissa Kericho LUFs Nithi LUFs Nyeri Kirinyaga LUFs Homa Bay Nyamira P Kisii P Muranga Bomet Embu Migori LUFs P Kiambu Nairobi P Narok LUFs P LUFs Kitui Machakos Kisii Tana River Nyamira Makueni Lamu Nairobi P LUFs tax P Kajiado KEY County Budget and Economic Forums (CBEFs) They are meant to serve as the primary institution for ensuring public participation in public finances in order to im- Mom- prove accountability and public participation at the county level. basa Baringo County, Bomet County, Bungoma County, Busia County,Embu County, Elgeyo/ Marakwet County, Homabay County, Kajiado County, Kakamega County, Kericho Count, Kiambu County, Kilifi County, Kirin- yaga County, Kisii County, Kisumu County, Kitui County, Kwale County, Laikipia County, Machakos Coun- LUFs ty, Makueni County, Meru County, Mombasa County, Murang’a County, Nairobi County, Nakuru County, Kilifi Nandi County, Nyandarua County, Nyeri County, Samburu County, Siaya County, TaitaTaveta County, Taita Taveta TharakaNithi County, Trans Nzoia County, Uasin Gishu County Youth Empowerment Programs in urban areas In collaboration with the national government, county governments unveiled -
An Overview of Mental Health Care System in Kilifi, Kenya
Bitta et al. Int J Ment Health Syst (2017) 11:28 DOI 10.1186/s13033-017-0135-5 International Journal of Mental Health Systems RESEARCH Open Access An overview of mental health care system in Kilif, Kenya: results from an initial assessment using the World Health Organization’s Assessment Instrument for Mental Health Systems Mary A. Bitta1*, Symon M. Kariuki1, Eddie Chengo2 and Charles R. J. C. Newton1,3 Abstract Background: Little is known about the state of mental health systems in Kenya. In 2010, Kenya promulgated a new constitution, which devolved national government and the national health system to 47 counties including Kilif County. There is need to provide evidence from mental health systems research to identify priority areas in Kilif’s men- tal health system for informing county health sector decision making. We conducted an initial assessment of state of mental health systems in Kilif County and documented resources, policy and legislation and spectrum of mental, neurological and substance use disorders. Methods: This was a pilot study that used the brief version of the World Health Organization’s Assessment Instru- ment for Mental Health Systems Version 2.2 to collect data. Data collection was based on the year 2014. Results: Kilif county has two public psychiatric outpatient units that are part of general hospitals. There is no stan- dalone mental hospital in Kilif. There are no inpatients or community based facilities for people with mental health problems. Although the psychiatric facilities in Kilif have an essential drugs list, supply of drugs is erratic with frequent shortages. There is no psychiatrist or psychologist in Kilif with only two psychiatric nurses for a population of approxi- mately 1.2 million people. -
Kenya Briefing Packet
KENYA PROVIDING COMMUNITY HEALTH TO POPULATIONS MOST IN NEED se P RE-FIELD BRIEFING PACKET KENYA 1151 Eagle Drive, Loveland, CO, 80537 | (970) 635-0110 | [email protected] | www.imrus.org KENYA Country Briefing Packet Contents ABOUT THIS PACKET 3 BACKGROUND 4 EXTENDING YOUR STAY? 5 PUBLIC HEALTH OVERVIEW 7 NATIONAL FLAG 15 COUNTRY OVERVIEW 15 OVERVIEW 16 BRIEF HISTORY OF KENYA 17 GEOGRAPHY, CLIMATE AND WEATHER 19 DEMOGRAPHICS 21 ECONOMY 26 EDUCATION 27 RELIGION 29 POVERTY 30 CULTURE 31 USEFUL SWAHILI PHRASES 36 SAFETY 39 CURRENCY 40 IMR RECOMMENDATIONS ON PERSONAL FUNDS 42 TIME IN KENYA 42 EMBASSY INFORMATION 43 WEBSITES 43 !2 1151 Eagle Drive, Loveland, CO, 80537 | (970) 635-0110 | [email protected] | www.imrus.org KENYA Country Briefing Packet ABOUT THIS PACKET This packet has been created to serve as a resource for the KENYA Medical/Dental Team. This packet is information about the country and can be read at your leisure or on the airplane. The first section of this booklet is specific to the areas we will be working near (however, not the actual clinic locations) and contains information you may want to know before the trip. The contents herein are not for distributional purposes and are intended for the use of the team and their families. Sources of the information all come from public record and documentation. You may access any of the information and more updates directly from the World Wide Web and other public sources. !3 1151 Eagle Drive, Loveland, CO, 80537 | (970) 635-0110 | [email protected] | www.imrus.org KENYA Country Briefing Packet BACKGROUND Kenya, located in East Africa, spans more than 224,000 sq. -
Baseline Review and Ecosystem Services Assessment of the Tana River Basin, Kenya
IWMI Working Paper Baseline Review and Ecosystem Services Assessment of the Tana 165 River Basin, Kenya Tracy Baker, Jeremiah Kiptala, Lydia Olaka, Naomi Oates, Asghar Hussain and Matthew McCartney Working Papers The publications in this series record the work and thinking of IWMI researchers, and knowledge that the Institute’s scientific management feels is worthy of documenting. This series will ensure that scientific data and other information gathered or prepared as a part of the research work of the Institute are recorded and referenced. Working Papers could include project reports, case studies, conference or workshop proceedings, discussion papers or reports on progress of research, country-specific research reports, monographs, etc. Working Papers may be copublished, by IWMI and partner organizations. Although most of the reports are published by IWMI staff and their collaborators, we welcome contributions from others. Each report is reviewed internally by IWMI staff. The reports are published and distributed both in hard copy and electronically (www.iwmi.org) and where possible all data and analyses will be available as separate downloadable files. Reports may be copied freely and cited with due acknowledgment. About IWMI IWMI’s mission is to provide evidence-based solutions to sustainably manage water and land resources for food security, people’s livelihoods and the environment. IWMI works in partnership with governments, civil society and the private sector to develop scalable agricultural water management solutions that have -
A Lexical Semantic Assessment of Luhya Dialects
LINGUISTIC VERSUS GEOGRAPHICAL BOUNDARIES: A LEXICAL SEMANTIC ASSESSMENT OF LUHYA DIALECTS. BY LUBANGAH LUTTA JOHN A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS (LINGUISTICS) UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI 2018 i DECLARATION This project work is my original work and has not been presented for the award of a degree in any other university. Signature: …………………………...... Date…………………………….. LUBANGAH LUTTA JOHN C50/80433/2015 This project work has been submitted for examination with our approval as university supervisors. Signature ………………………………… Date …………………………….. MR. LUKAKA, J.N. Signature ………………………………….. Date ……………………………… DR. MUKHWANA, A i DEDICATION To my uncle – Wangatia Francis (Headmaster); this is a product of your push, support and inspiration. For taking care of all my needs; coming in as a parent when I got orphaned, supporting me morally and materially through my academic journey, I salute you. My wife – Rodah (Reina), son – Israel – and my Form 1 East Class 2018 – Kimuri High School; you had to go through hardships in my absence. You give me the reason to strive for excellence. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I thank God for the gift of life. He has kept me healthy and as Jireh, extended His provisions generously in times of need. God has taken care of my entire family both in my presence and absence. I thank my lecturers who contributed towards my success during the time of study I was at the university. Firstly, my supervisors: Dr. Mukhwana and Mr. Lukaka for the support and guidance they gave me as I carried out my research even at times bearing with my poor time management. -
The Children and Youth Empowerment Centre (CYEC), Nyeri
The Children and Youth Empowerment Centre (CYEC), Nyeri. The Centre is located approximately 175 kilometers north of Nairobi on the outskirts of Nyeri town, the administrative headquarters of both Nyeri East District and Kenya’s Central Province. CYEC is an initiative of the national program for street dwelling persons and is intended to play a central role in the innovation of holistic and sustainable solutions for the population of street dwelling young people in Kenya. The Pennsylvania State University has been involved with the CYEC since 2009. Students from both the Berks and Main campuses of Penn State have focused on areas including bio-medical engineering, architectural engineering, teaching/literacy, and agriculture to help the CYEC. At the Center we have participated in constructing a green house, a drip irrigation center, creating books for the children, conducting various types of research, and much more. In 2010 the CYEC asked if Penn State would focus on the creation of an Eco-Village in Lamuria, a sustainable and eco-friendly village where the street children could go once they have reached adulthood to work and participate in a community environment and economy. Under the direction of Janelle Larson and Sjoerd Duiker, the 497C Agricultural Systems in East Africa class was The undeveloped Eco-Village site created at the Main campus. Our class consisted of only (2010) six students (five of whom were able to travel to Kenya) and met once every other Friday for two hours. This specific course focused on conducting research on agricultural production in semi-arid regions of east Africa, culminating with an opportunity for application through on-site assessment work in Kenya. -
A Collection of 100 Tachoni Proverbs and Wise Sayings
A COLLECTION OF 100 TACHONI PROVERBS AND WISE SAYINGS By ANNASTASI OISEBE African Proverbs Working Group NAIROBI, KENYA AUGUST, 2017. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I wish to acknowledge and thank the relentless effort for all those who played a major part in completion of this document. My utmost thanks go to Fr. Joseph G. Healey, both financial and moral support. My special thanks goes to CephasAgbemenu, Margaret Ireri and Elias Bushiri who guided me accordingly to ensure that my research was completed. Furthermore I also want to thank Edwin Kola for his enormous assistance, without forgetting publishers of Tachoni proverbs and resources who made this research possible. DEDICATION I dedicate this work to my parents Anthony and Margret Oisebe and the entire African Proverbs working group Nairobi and all readers of African literature. INTRODUCTION Location The Tachoni (We shall be back in Kalenjin) are Kalenjins assimilated by Luhya people of Western Kenya, sharing land with the Bukusu tribe. They live mainly in Webuye, Chetambe Hills, Ndivisi (of Bungoma County) and the former Lugari District in the Kakamega County. Most Tachoni clans living in Bungoma speak the 'Lubukusu' dialect of the Luhya language making them get mistaken as Bukusus. They spread to Trans-Nzoia County especially around Kitale, Mumias and Busia. The ethnic group is rich in beliefs and taboos. The most elaborate cultural practice they have is circumcision. The ethnographical location of the Tachoni ethnic group in Kenya Myth of Origin One of the most common myths among the Luhya group relates to the origin of the Earth and human beings. According to this myth, Were (God) first created Heaven, then Earth. -
Taming the Intractable Inter-Ethnic Conflict in the Ilemi Triangle
International Journal of Innovative Research and Knowledge Volume-3 Issue-7, July-2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH AND KNOWLEDGE ISSN-2213-1356 www.ijirk.com TAMING THE INTRACTABLE INTER-ETHNIC CONFLICT IN THE ILEMI TRIANGLE PETERLINUS OUMA ODOTE, PHD Abstract This article provides an overview of the historical trends of conflict in the Ilemi triangle, exploring the issues, the nature, context and dynamics of these conflicts. The author endeavours to deepen the understanding of the trends of conflict. A consideration on the discourse on the historical development is given attention. The article’s core is conflict between the five ethnic communities that straddle this disputed triangle namely: the Didinga and Toposa from South Sudan; the Nyangatom, who move around South Sudan and Ethiopia; the Dassenach, who have settled East of the Triangle in Ethiopia; and the Turkana in Kenya. The article delineates different factors that promote conflict in this triangle and how these have impacted on pastoralism as a way of livelihood for the five communities. Lastly, the article discusses the possible ways to deal with the intractable conflict in the Ilemi Triangle. Introduction Ilemi triangle is an arid hilly terrain bordering Kenya, South Sudan and Ethiopia, that has hit the headlines and catapulted onto the international centre stage for the wrong reasons in the recent past. Retrospectively, the three countries have been harshly criticized for failure to contain conflict among ethnic communities that straddle this contested area. Perhaps there is no better place that depicts the opinion that the strong do what they will and the weak suffer what they must than the Ilemi does.