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The Dichotomy Between British and American Women Auxiliary Pilots of World War II
Straighten Up and Fly Right: The Dichotomy between British and American Women Auxiliary Pilots of World War II Brighid Klick A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of BACHELOR OF ARTS WITH HONORS DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN March 31, 2014 Advised by Professor Kali Israel TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................... ii Military Services and Auxiliaries ................................................................................. iii Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter One: Introduction of Women Pilots to the War Effort…….... ..................... 7 Chapter Two: Key Differences ..................................................................................... 37 Chapter Three: Need and Experimentation ................................................................ 65 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 91 Bibliography ................................................................................................................... 98 ii Acknowledgements I would first like to express my gratitude to my adviser Professor Israel for her support from the very beginning of this project. It was her willingness to write a letter of recommendation for a student she had just met that allowed -
Discovering Amy Amy's Plane
DISCOVERING AMY TEACHER’S RESOURCE PACK KEY STAGE 1 & 2 PROUDLY SUPPORTED BY Brought to you as part of the Amy Johnson Festival Brought to you as part of This pack is full of creative IN YOUR the Amy Johnson Festival ideas to help you deliver exciting learning inspired by Amy’s PACK 2016 is the 75th anniversary incredible achievements. of the death of Amy Johnson, Hull’s flying heroine. Born in The pack aims to: 15 inserts which include: Hull in 1903, Amy Johnson CBE • Raise awareness of • A fold out timeline was one of the most influential and inspirational women of Amy Johnson and her • A visual of Amy’s flight to Australia the twentieth century. She achievements. was the first woman to fly solo • Historical source material • Promote Science and from England to Australia and Technology as a rewarding • Curriculum linked activity set a string of other records career choice, in particular suggestions throughout her career. maximising the potential of Amy Johnson as a positive • Top tips for getting into STEM Hull’s Amy Johnson Festival www.amyjohnsonfestival co.uk role model to encourage • Links to other resources, marks this anniversary girls into the field. campaigns, organisations and and celebrates Amy’s life, • Give teachers creative and festival opportunities achievements and legacy with cross-curricular ideas an ambitious programme And don’t forget...Your school and activities that will of the arts and engineering will have received a PDF version of enhance their delivery sciences appealing to all this resource. of Science, Technology interests and ages. and History subjects. -
Amy Johnson CBE, 1903-1941: a Brief Biography Amy Johnson Is One of Those Historical Figures Who Have Generated Many Myths and Half-Truths
Amy Johnson CBE, 1903-1941: A brief biography Amy Johnson is one of those historical figures who have generated many myths and half-truths. She is, for example, often portrayed as a champion for women’s rights. In fact, she largely pursued her own agendas, though she was certainly an inspiration to many women. She was also “the typist who flew to Australia”, the plucky amateur so beloved of British society. Amy did spend some time working in a legal office, but was educated far above the level of the average 1930’s typist. And although her early flights were not exactly methodically planned, she became a highly professional pilot. Then of course there are the numerous theories about her death, which seem sometimes to attract more attention than her numerous achievements. The real Amy is far more complex and interesting. Amy was born in Hull on 1 st July 1903. The family home at the time was in St. George’s Road, in the western part of the city, not far from the docks. Her father, John William Johnson, was a partner in the family fish processing business. This had originally set up by Amy'’ Danish grandfather, who moved to Hull and anglicized his name to Andrew Johnson. “JW” Johnson was a shrewd and resourceful character and somewhat of a pillar of local society. As the family business grew, the Johnson family found a better house, acquired two cars and generally enjoyed a comfortable lower middle class lifestyle. “JW” joined the Rotarians and was a staunch Methodist. He also proved to be a loyal and energetic supporter of Amy’s career, once she had set her heart on being a pilot (for example he contributed half of the £600 needed to buy her first aircraft). -
Lord Healey CH MBE PC
ROYAL AIR FORCE HISTORICAL SOCIETY JOURNAL 31 (Incorporating the Proceedings of the Bomber Command Association’s 60th Anniversary Symposium) 2 The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the contributors concerned and are not necessarily those held by the Royal Air Force Historical Society. Photographs credited to MAP have been reproduced by kind permission of Military Aircraft Photographs. Copies of these, and of many others, may be obtained via http://www.mar.co.uk First published in the UK in 2004 by the Royal Air Force Historical Society All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the Publisher in writing. ISSN 1361 4231 Typeset by Creative Associates 115 Magdalen Road Oxford OX4 1RS Printed by Advance Book Printing Unit 9 Northmoor Park Church Road Northmoor OX29 5UH 3 CONTENTS RECOLLECTIONS OF A SECRETARY OF STATE FOR 4 DEFENCE – The Rt Hon The Lord Healey CH MBE PC HOW DECISIVE WAS THE ROLE OF ALLIED AIR POWER 17 IN THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC, 1941-1945? by Sqn Ldr S I Richards SUMMARY OF THE MINUTES OF THE SEVENTEENTH 47 ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING HELD IN THE ROYAL AIR FORCE CLUB ON 10 JUNE 2003 FEEDBACK 51 DEREK WOOD – AN OBITUARY 55 BOOK REVIEWS 56 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BOMBER COMMAND 82 ASSOCIATION 60TH ANNIVERSARY SYMPOSIUM HELD AT THE RAF MUSEUM, HENDON ON 12 OCTOBER 2002 UNDER THE CHAIRMANSHIP OF AIR MSHL SIR JOHN CURTISS KCB KBE 4 RECOLLECTIONS OF A SECRETARY OF STATE FOR DEFENCE The Rt Hon The Lord Healey CH MBE PC I should perhaps start by saying that there is no specific theme to what I have to say. -
Amy Johnson – Flying from Kingsbury Amy Johnson Was Born in Hull, in East Yorkshire, on 1 July 1903, the Eldest Daughter of a Fish Merchant
Amy Johnson – Flying from Kingsbury Amy Johnson was born in Hull, in East Yorkshire, on 1 July 1903, the eldest daughter of a fish merchant. Her home town rightly celebrates a young woman who became a famous pilot, but it was the time she spent living and working in what is now the London Borough of Brent which paved the way for her flying career. Recent research has identified the house in Kingsbury where Amy Johnson lived, and this article will give readers a taste of her story, including her local connections. A postcard picture of Amy Johnson in 1930. [Image from the internet] After school in Hull, Amy went to Sheffield University, thinking that she would probably become a teacher. She graduated in 1925, with an ordinary degree in French, Latin and Economics, but then spent the summer at a secretarial college, and took a job as a short-hand typist at a Hull accountancy firm. In early 1927, she moved to London, first working in a shop for a couple of weeks, before getting a position in April as a secretary in a City law firm. A year later, a bus ride to explore the surrounding countryside brought her to Stag Lane Aerodrome, on the border between Kingsbury and Edgware. She sat down and watched the planes for several hours, and went back to her rented room knowing that she wanted to fly. An aerial view of Stag Lane Aerodrome in 1926. [Source: Brent Archives - online image 582] Amy found out that the De Havilland School of Flying charged £5 for a one hour flying lesson (more than her weekly wages!), but that if she joined the London Aeroplane Club, also based at Stag Lane, for three guineas, lessons cost “only” thirty shillings. -
The US Army Air Forces in WWII
DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES AIR FORCE Air Force Historical Studies Office 28 June 2011 Errata Sheet for the Air Force History and Museum Program publication: With Courage: the United States Army Air Forces in WWII, 1994, by Bernard C. Nalty, John F. Shiner, and George M. Watson. Page 215 Correct: Second Lieutenant Lloyd D. Hughes To: Second Lieutenant Lloyd H. Hughes Page 218 Correct Lieutenant Hughes To: Second Lieutenant Lloyd H. Hughes Page 357 Correct Hughes, Lloyd D., 215, 218 To: Hughes, Lloyd H., 215, 218 Foreword In the last decade of the twentieth century, the United States Air Force commemorates two significant benchmarks in its heritage. The first is the occasion for the publication of this book, a tribute to the men and women who served in the U.S. Army Air Forces during World War 11. The four years between 1991 and 1995 mark the fiftieth anniversary cycle of events in which the nation raised and trained an air armada and com- mitted it to operations on a scale unknown to that time. With Courage: U.S.Army Air Forces in World War ZZ retells the story of sacrifice, valor, and achievements in air campaigns against tough, determined adversaries. It describes the development of a uniquely American doctrine for the application of air power against an opponent's key industries and centers of national life, a doctrine whose legacy today is the Global Reach - Global Power strategic planning framework of the modern U.S. Air Force. The narrative integrates aspects of strategic intelligence, logistics, technology, and leadership to offer a full yet concise account of the contributions of American air power to victory in that war. -
Map of Hull & East Yorkshire Overview
Year 3- Exploring the Local Geography of Hull Overview Map of Hull & East Yorkshire Hull is in the East Riding of Yorkshire, and its official title is ‘Kingston Upon Hull’ (originally ‘Kings-Town in 1299). It is situated on the banks of the River Hull (which splits the city into East Hull and West Hull) and flows into the Humber Estuary, which also gives its name to the wider region, Humberside. Population: 321,000 Humber Bridge The Deep KC Stadium Suspension Bridge Submarium Centre. Sports & Events Arena Inspiration from music and art: Vocabulary box Beautiful South Banksy Word Definition City A city is a large human settlement. William Wilberforce • 24 August 1759 – 29 July 1833 County A geographical region of a country. • A British politician, and a leader of the movement to abolish the slave Estuary A partially enclosed coastal body of water. trade. Port A town or city with a harbour or access to water where ships load or unload. Amy Johnson CBE Dock A platform extending from a shore over water, used to secure, protect, and • 1 July 1903 – 5 January 1941 provide access to a boat or ship. • A pioneering English pilot who was Industry Economic activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and manu- the first woman to fly solo from facture of goods in factories. London to Australia. Trawler A fishing boat used for trawling. Luke Campbell MBE Street Art Independent visual art created in public locations for public visibility. • Born- 27 September 1987 • A British professional boxer who held Factory A building or group of buildings where goods are manufactured or assembled the WBC Silver and Commonwealth chiefly by machine. -
A Moth for Amy Is an Amy Johnson Festival a Moth for Amy 40 APLE RD Project
THOMAS CLARKSON A1079 41 WA 9 42 WNE ROAD A Moth for Amy is an Amy Johnson Festival A Moth for Amy 40 APLE RD project. Amy was one of the most influential BARNST and inspirational women of the twentieth WA ROBSON century. She was the first woman to fly solo GREENWOOD AVENUE A Moth for Amy is an animal sculpture the original sculpture, from which Y GANSTEAD LANE GANSTEAD WA SUTTON PARK LANE GANSTEAD from England to Australia and set a string WELL RD trail with a dierence. our flutter of Moths has hatched. The ENDYKE LANE SUTTON ROAD Y GOLF COURSE of other records throughout her career. Our HOL 59 Moths, each measuring almost SHANNON RD 43 MAIN ROAD festival over the summer of 2016 celebrated Inspired by Amy Johnson’s de 1.5m across, have been decorated by LEADS ROAD Amy’s life, achievements and legacy on the Havilland Gipsy Moth plane, in which artists and community groups, making INGLEMIRE LANE 75th anniversary of her death. The festival BEVERLEY ROAD SAL she made her epic flight to Australia each Moth a unique work of art. The SUTTON ROAD TSHOUSE ROAD HULL ROAD aimed to raise awareness of Amy Johnson’s in 1930, a flutter of exotic giant moths designs are inspired by Amy Johnson’s achievements as an aviator, as an engineer has alighted on walls and plinths achievements, her flight to Australia UNIVERSITY and as a woman of her time, one of the first LEADS ROAD across Hull, East Yorkshire and beyond! and the era in which she lived. -
Who Was Amy Johnson?
Who Was Amy Johnson? Amy Johnson was an aviator. An aviator is someone who flies airplanes. You might also call them a pilot. Amy Johnson is Britain’s most famous female pilot. Have you ever flown on an airplane? Would you like to become a pilot? Amy’s Childhood Amy was born in Hull, England on 1st July 1903. She studied at Sheffield University and moved to London in 1923. Amy worked in an office before she became interested in flying. Do you have an interest in something? Do you have any hobbies? Jason the Plane Amy gained her pilot’s licence in 1928 and joined the London Aeroplane Club. She was determined to break records other pilots had set for flying long distances. Amy decided to try and break the record for flying from London to Australia. Amy bought a DH Gypsy Moth Plane for her record breaking journey and named it ‘Jason’. Flying to Australia Amy set off on 5th May 1930 from London, England to Darwin, Australia hoping to break the record of 16 days. Sadly for Amy, the journey took her 19 days to complete. She had not broken the world record. “Queen of the Air” More Adventures For Amy In 1931, Amy set a record for the fastest flight from Siberia, Russia to Tokyo, Japan. In 1932, she set another record for a solo flight to Cape Town, South Africa. In 1932, Amy married Scottish pilot, Jim Mollison. They flew in record time from England to India in 1934. Helping the War Effort In 1939, the Second World War began in Europe. -
Jean Batten: My Life: New Zealands Greatest Woman Pilot Free Download
JEAN BATTEN: MY LIFE: NEW ZEALANDS GREATEST WOMAN PILOT FREE DOWNLOAD Jean Batten | 334 pages | 07 Dec 2009 | Trotamundas Press Ltd | 9781906393199 | English | Coventry, United Kingdom “This is Without Doubt the Very Greatest Moment of My Life” – Jean Batten’s Record-Breaking Flight Another time while over the deep ocean her engine cut out inexplicably and she glided to near the waves — loosening her boot laces and flight suit, and planning to cut a wing from the Moth to use for a raft — but her engine cut back in just as inexplicably and she completed the flight … Jean Batten: My Life: New Zealands Greatest Woman Pilot unflinchingly on to other, more challenging, flights. About Us. In Jean's beloved and long- held solo England to Australia light aircraft record was finally broken, well and truly ending a Golden Age of aviation. This site is going to be a brilliant resource. She had the assistance of the Jean Batten: My Life: New Zealands Greatest Woman Pilot modern radio and navigation equipment, cruised mostly above 20, feet and set a time of 3 days 11 hours. Despite all attempts it refused to start again and slowly the plane began to glide towards the shark-infested waters below. Instead she bought a Percival Gull monoplane, one of only nineteen ever made. Back in Britain she obtained a B licence permitting her to fly commercially and this led her to set up a passenger air service. There were bodies packed into the communal grave and finding her remains amongst the others would have been impossible; a simple plaque was erected on the wall above the grave. -
August Newsletter 2021 File Uploaded
DELIVERED TO HOMES IN IN THIS ISSUE LYMPNE, LYMPNE AIRFIELD SURVEY LYMPNE NEWINGREEN, RESULTS, PARISH COUNCILLOR COURT-AT VACANCY,SPEEDWATCH UPDATE, NEWSLETTER STREET AND HOUSEHOLD WASTE WEST HYTHE AND MUCH MORE AUGUST 2021 ROAD LYMPNE AIRFIELD MEMORIAL PARK—SURVEY RESULTS We would like to thank everyone who has completed the online survey and taken the time to write to the Parish Council with their comments about the proposed project.As a reminder, the project known as L.A.M.P. has been proposed after an offer in 2018 by Homes England the current owners of the Airfield for the Parish Council to tenant part of the land. The offer at the time was rejected at a public meeting held in the Village Hall for two main reasons 1. The length of the tenure and 2. the size of the plot being offered. Since then the Parish Council have been negotiating with the owners to meet the wishes of the public meeting. The idea of creating an area for the village and visitors to remember the history of the site and to support the varied wildlife seems to have hit a positive note with the owners and this prompted the issue of the survey to see what support there may be from the village. The Parish Council in no way condone the use of the field which is official private land, but realise that many people use it for walking and exercise. The survey closes on the 31st July and this article was written on the 27th July. 72 people completed the survey on line and several people contacted the Council via email– The survey consisted of 8 questions which asked people to make their comments or answer direct questions- Q1– Asked if you were a resident of Lympne Parish 71 replied yes 1 replied no Q2- Do you use Lympne Airfield and if so how often– This prompted various replies ranging from walking the dogs, running for fitness and walking through the area, for studying the history. -
Jean Batten Commemorative Flight at Auckland
KiwiFlyer Warbirds Feature Warbirds Feature One for the Girls Contributed by Frank Parker THE TIME between World Wars I and II is regarded as the for service in the Great War and for Ellen, life in the city became England to South America. In Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay she Golden Age of Aviation. It was a time of adventure, record a financial challenge with the family eventually drifting from one was feted by Presidents and Society alike. breaking flights, the development of the first commercially viable dour lodging to the next. Nonetheless she instilled in her daughter a Following a brief period of seclusion in the English countryside airliners and major advances in aeronautics, culminating in the competitive spirit to compete in a male dominated world. she emerged for her greatest long distance flight from England to development of the jet engine. The period transformed aviation Jean’s early exposure to aviation as an eight year old was a visit New Zealand in 11 days 45 minutes, touching down at Mangere from the curiosity of the Barnstormers in their war surplus aircraft to Kohimarima beach, base of operations of the Walsh Brothers Airfield at approximately 10 minutes past 5 on October 16th, 1936. to one of the great industries of the 20th Century. Flying School. Along with her brothers she was invited to ‘look’ into the cockpit of the flying boat, an event which seems to have Jean’s main accomplishments were: Notable ‘feats’ of the triggered her imagination 1934 England to Australia and return. period include: and perhaps affirmed her 1935 First woman to fly the South Atlantic.