Lumut Sejati Di Hutan Alam Pameungpeuk, Taman Nasional

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Lumut Sejati Di Hutan Alam Pameungpeuk, Taman Nasional BERITA BI2/2*, 9ol. 16 No. 2 Agustus 2017 TeraNreditasi BerdasarNan .eputusan .epala LemEaga ,lmu Pengetahuan Indonesia 1o. 636/A83/32M,-/,3,/07/2015 Tim RedaNsi (Editorial Team) Andria Agusta (3emimpin Redaksi, Editor in Chief) .usumadewi Sri Yulita (RedaNsi 3elaksana, 0anaging Editor) Gono Semiadi Atit .anti Siti Sundari Evi Triana .artika Dewi Dwi Setyo Rini Desain dan /ayout (Design and /ayout) 0uhamad Ruslan, Fahmi .eseNretariatan (Secretary) 1ira Ariasari, Enok, BudiarMo Alamat (Address) 3usat 3enelitian Biologi-/,3, .ompleNs Cibinong Science Center (CSC-/,3,) -alan Raya -akarta-Bogor .0 46, Cibinong 16911, Bogor-,ndonesia Telepon (021) 8765066 - 8765067 Faksimili (021) 8765059 Email: Eerita.biologi#mail.lipi.go.id Murnalberitabiologi#yahoo.co.id [email protected] .eterangan foto cover depan: Studi perEanyaNan vegetatif pada Eidara upas Noleksi .eEun Raya Bogor, sesuai dengan halaman 169 (Notes of cover picture): (Study of vegetative propagation on Eidara upas of Eogor Eotanical garden collection, (as in page 169) 8capan terima kasih Nepada 0itra BeEestari nomor ini 16(2) ± Agustus 2017 Dr. Nurainas Dr. Iman Hidayat Dr.Rudhy Gustiano Ahmad Thontowi M.Si. Dr. .usumadewi Sri Yulita Dr. Etti Sartina Siregar, 0Si Dr. Puspita /isdiyanti, M.Agr.Chem 3rof. Ir. 0oh. Cholil Mahfud, PhD Dr. Edi Mirmanto 0.Sc. Dra. Siti Fatimah Syahid Dr. /ivia Rossila Tanjung Dr. Ir. Fauzan Ali, 0.Sc. :indadri - /umut Sejati di hutan alam Pameungpeuk, Taman 1asional /808T SEJATI D, H8TA1 ALA0 3A0EU1G3EU., TA0A1 NAS,21AL G8181G HA/,081 SALA., JA:A BARAT >0osses PamengpeuN Primary Forest, 0ount Halimun SalaN 1ational ParN, West Java] Florentina ,ndah Windadri Bidang Botani, 3usat 3enelitian Biologi ±/,3, Cibinong Science Center, -l. Raya -akarta Bogor .0 46 Cibinong, :est -ava email: floren_windadri#yahoo.co.id ABSTRACT Halimun Salak 1ational 3ark is one of the remaining conservation areas left in :est -ava. Research on diversity of Bryophytes had previously Eeen conducted at Halimun 0ount, .endeng 0ount and the lowland forest surrounding Cikaniki-Citalahab, while this present study was aimed to record the diversity of mosses at Pameungpeuk primary forest. There were 78 species of mosses including in 47 genera and 20 families. Syrrhopodon spiculosus Hook. & Grev. was a dominant species in the research area. Twenty seven species were new record for Halimun Salak 1ational 3ark, one of which (Rhizogonium lamii Reimers) was a new record for -ava and seven species were new record for Indonesia. .Hy words: Moss, diversity, forest, new record ABSTRA. Taman 1asional Halimun Salak merupakan salah satu area konservasi di -awa Barat. 3enelitian tentang keragaman briofitanya pernah dilakukan di Gunung Halimun, G .endeng dan hutan dataran rendah sekitar Cikaniki hingga Citalahap, sedangkan penelitian kali ini ditunjukan untuk merekam keragaman lumut sejati di hutan primer 3amengpeuk. Hasil penelitian mencatat adanya sejumlah 78 jenis lumut sejati yang tergolong dalam 47 marga dan 20 suku. Syrrhopodon spiculosus Hook.& Grev. merupakan Menis yang dominan di lokasi penelitian. Sebanyak 27 Menis merupakan rekaman baru bagi Neanekaragaman lumut seMati di Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun salak, satu jenis (Rhizogonium lamii Reimers) diantaranya dikategorikan sebagai rekaman baru bagi 3ulau -awa dan 7 jenis lainya merupakan rekaman baru bagi Indonesia. Kata kunci: lumut seMati, keaneNaragaman, hutan, reNaman bar u 3ENDAHU/UA1 (1900-1908), Tan et al. /umut seMati merupakan sekelompok tumEuhan (2006), Gradstein et al. (2010); ,skandar (2010), Eriofita yang mempunyai tingkat kekeraEatan lebih Aryanti dan SulistiMorini (2011), 0undir et al. maMu diEandingkan dengan kelompok tumEuhan (2013), :indadri (2009, 2010, 2014, 2015a). Eriofita lainnya (lumut hati, lumut hati Eerdaun, dan Sebagian besar pengungkapan keanekaragaman Menis lumut tanduk). Secara umum lumut seMati dapat lumut sejati telah dilakukan di wilayah -awa Barat. diEedakan dengan kelompok Eriofita lainnya dari 0esNipun demiNian pendataannya di kawasan- Eentuk perawakannya yang sudah mempunyai kawasan konservasi Eelum dilakukan secara lengkap, struktur menyerupai Eatang dengan daun-daun hiMau seperti halnya kawasan konservasi Taman Nasional yang tumEuh dan tersusun padanya secara spiral. Gunung Halimun Salak di -awa Barat. 3erlekatannya pada suEstrat umumnya menggunakan Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun SalaN rhizoid (Anonim, 2014). 3ertumbuhannya ada yang merupakan salah satu taman nasional di -awa yang menjalar atau menggantung (pleurocarpus) dan ada terletak ditiga kabupaten yaitu .DEupaten Bogor dan yang tumEuh tegak (acrocarpus) menyerupai pohon Sukabumi di 3rovinsi -awa Barat serta .abupaten kecil. /eEak di 3rovinsi Banten. .awasan taman nasional .eanekaragaman lumut seMati di dunia tercatat ini mempunyai luas mencapai 113.357 Ha seNitar 23000 Menis, sedangkan di ,ndonesia hingga Eerdasarkan S. 0enteri .ehutanan No.175/Kpts- tahun 2013 dilaporkan sebanyak 1510 Menis. ,,/2003, dan sering dipergunakan seEagai aMang .eragaman Menis tertinggi ditemukan di 3ulau -awa EerEagai macam penelitian. 3enelitian-penelitian seEanyak 790 Menis, sedangkan yang terendah Eerada yang telah dilakukan terNonsentrasi pada kelompoN di .epulauan Sunda kecil seEanyak 234 Menis tumEuhan tinggi sedangkan untuk kelompoN (Anonim, 2014).Tingginya Neanekaragaman Menis tumEuhan kriptogamnya Eelum Eanyak diteliti. Hal lumut seMati di 3ulau -awa menunjukkan Eahwa di ini tampak dari hasil penelusuran pustaka Eaik secara pulau ini telah Eanyak dilakukan penelitian, seperti manual maupun elektronik hanya ditemukan dua penelitian Dozy dan 0olkenboer (1854), Fleischer publikasi (Tan, 2006; Aryanti dan SulistiMorini, *Diterima:1 Juni 2016 - DiperbaiNi: 24 NovemEer 2016 - Disetujui: 31 Mei 2017 137 Berita Biologi 16(2) - Agustus 2017 2011) yang mengungkapkeanekaragaman lumut diamEil Nemudian dimasukkan dalam amplop kertas seMati di kawasan konservasi ini. Dari 2 (dua) lokasi dan diberi tanggal, nomor dan inisial kolektor serta yang telah dilakukan pendataanya belumlah lokasi detailnya. Spesimen lumut yang dikoleksi mewaNili pengungkapan keaneNaragaman lumut dari kemudian dikeringanginkan dengan cara memEuka kawasan taman nasional ini. 2leh karena wilayah amplopnya. Hal ini perlu dilakukan agar lumut tidak MelaMah pengungkapan keragaman Menis lumut di lembaE dan rusak oleh Mamur. /umut yang sudah taman nasional ini Eelum menyeluruh maka perlu kering kemudian diEuat herEarium untuk keperluan dilakukan pendataannya di wilayah lain dengan identifiNasi dan seEagai spesimen Eukti yang harapan akan terMadi penambahan keanekaragaman disimpan di HerEarium Bogoriense. Menis flora lumut dari kawasan taman nasional ini, salah satu wilayah yang ditentukan untuk HAS,/ pengungkapan keanekaragaman Menis lumutnya Berdasarkan hasil eNsplorasi dan pengamatan adalah hutan alam 3ameungpeuk yang Eerada di sisi lapangan diketahui Eahwa tumEuhan lumut di loNasi Earat daya lereng Gunung Salak, EerseEelahan penelitian ditemukan tumEuh tercampur antara satu dengan kawasan wisata alam Cangkuang Cidahu, Menis dengan Menis lainnya atau kadang-kadang SukaEumi. ditemukan Eerasosiasi dengan tumEuhan lain seperti paku-pakuan, anggrek, Mamur dan lumut keraN BAHAN DAN CARA .ERJA (lichen). Secara kualitatif, populasi dan /okasi penelitian di hutan primer keanekaragamannya dapat dikategorikan cukup 3ameungpeuk, Cidahu, SukaEumi pada ketinggian tinggi. SeEanyak 142 sampel tumEuhan lumut telah 1100-1400 m di atas permukaan laut. Topografinya dikoleksi dalam penelitian ini. Hasil identifikasi telah datar hingga EerEukit dengan kemiringan lereng mengelompoNNan lumut-lumut terseEut dalam 78 mencapai 60°, namun dibeEerapa tempat ditemukan Menis yang tergolong dalam 47 marga dan 20 suku lokasi-lokasi yang cukup curam. Vegetasinya relatif (TaEel 1). rapat Eerupa tegakan-tegakan pohon berukuran Eesar Suku Dicranaceae mempunyai Neanekaragaman dengan kanopi saling tumpang tindih, yang membuat Menis paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan anggota lingkungan menjadi teduh dan seMuk. -enis-Menis suku-suku lainnya. .eragaman Menis suku ini pohon yang mendominasi lokasi penelitian dan mencapai 14 Menis (Gambar 1). Salah satu Menis lumut Eerukuran Eesar antara lain puspa (Schima yaitu /eucoEryum Mavense (Brid. ) 0itt. ditemukan :allichii), rasamala (Altingia exelsa), Nisireum tersebar sporadis di lokasi penelitian, namun Menis ini (Syzygium gracilis), Nironyo (Castanopsis tidak mendominasi lokasi penelitian. -enis paling acuminata), pasang batarua (Quercus gemilliflora). dominan diantara Menis-Menis lumut yang dikoleksi Di tempat ± tempat yang Eertopografi datar lantai adalah Syrrhopodon spiculosus (Hook.) Grev. hutannya ditutupi lapisan humus yang membuat termasuk dalam anggota suku Calymperaceae. lingkungan menjadi lembaE. /umut yang ditemukan dilokasi penelitian 0etoda yang digunakan adalah metoda MelaMah umumnya tumEuh pada suEtrat Eerupa akar, Eatuan, (Cornard, 1982; Rugayah et al., 2004). 3enjelaMahan tanah, kayu mati / lapuk, Eatang pohon, dan daun. dilakukan pada seluruh lokasi penelitian yang telah Berdasarkan suEstrat pertumEuhannya maka dapat ditentukan. Selama melakukan pengamatan dan diketahui prosentase keanekaragaman Menis lumut pendataan semua Menis lumut yang ditemukan pada masing-masing substrat (GamEar 2) seEagai diamEil sampelnya dan dicatat data lapangannya. Eerikut: pada substrat Eerupa akar pohon dan daun Adapun data lapangan yang perlu dicatat antara lain masing-masing tercatat 3% (2 Menis); kayu lapuk 9% habitat, substrat, warna, ketinggian tempat dan (7 Menis), kayu mati
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