5G Technologies for Long Range Wireless Backhauling in Maritime

5G technologies for long range wireless backhauling in maritime environment Anne Despoulains, delegate CIO, Brittany Ferries Benoit Miscopein, lab manager, CEA-Leti Outline

1- Brief introduction to Brittany Ferries

2- Digital development of the company

3- Long range wireless backhaul system design

4- Promise and open issues

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 2 ------Brittany Ferries in 1 slide

Brittany Ferries is a French maritime company created in 1973, operating ferries for freight and passengers. Over the past 45 years, 12 routes have been opened to cover England, Ireland and Spain, from 5 harbors in France. Those routes are operated all year long.

12 Navires/ Ships 9 RoPax 2 RoRo 1 HSS

Trafic/ Traffic (per year) Pax: 2 593000persons Fret: 211 469 lories

Chiffre d’affaire/ Turnover 440 M€

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 3 ------BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 4 ------BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 5 ------BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 6 ------BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 7 ------BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 8 ------RENOUVELLEMENT DE FLOTTE / RENEWING THE FLEET

HONFLEUR to replace NORMANDY The largest LNG ferry in (delivery: Q4 2019) Europe - 11 decks - 1680 passagers - 261 cabins - 2600m linear capacity - 550 cars et 64 lorries - L 187,4m - W 31m - 42 200 gross tonnes - Speed 22 knots https://www.destinationhonf leur.com/fr

Brittany Ferries has ordered 2 high capacity RoPax (E-Flexer category) to renew the ships on the Atlantic routes • « GALICIA » delivered in 2021 • « SALAMANCA » delivered in 2022

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 9 ------ACTIVITES / ACTIVITIES

~40 % of the company activity on Channel

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 10 ------ACTIVITES / ACTIVITIES

~40 % of the company activity on Channel

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 11 ------ACTIVITES / ACTIVITIES

~60 % of the company activity on Channel

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 12 ------Outline

1- Brief introduction to Brittany Ferries

2- Digital development of the company

3- Long range wireless backhaul system design

4- Promise and open issues

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 13 ------TRANSFORMATION @ BRITTANY FERRIES

The transformation journey of Brittany Ferries began in 2016 and was originally referred to as SMART (Strategy & Management to Adapt to the Revolution in Technology).

Nowadays, we simply refer to all of the projects which are helping to transform Brittany Ferries as the Transformation Programme. This aims at improving passenger experience and enhancing the ships operation through the introduction of new technologies

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 14 ------TRANSFORMATION @ BRITTANY FERRIES

Current problems of ship-to-shore connections: • At sea: reduced bandwidth and very expensive access via satellite • In harbour: Wifi-based solution are limited by interference

Objectives: use a terrestrial architecture to cover the ships’ routes and provide high speed connectivity

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 15 ------WIFI DEVELOPMENT - planning

In June 2017, Brittany Ferries and CEA have signed a collaboration for the development of a high speed backhauling system.

In June 2019, we are at the middle of the prototype development phase

Following the plan, mid 2020 will see a scale-1 demo on the Caen-Portsmouth route and a 3rd phase of industrial transfert would start by that date

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 16 ------Outline

1- Brief introduction to Brittany Ferries

2- Digital development of the company

3- Long range wireless backhaul system design

4- Promise and open questions

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 17 ------ON-GOING PROJECT: objectives

• Project started in 2017 focusing on « Caen-Portsmouth » route • Up to 80 Mbps to reach 90 km • Bidirectionnal system • Terrestrial architecture • No preference on the spectrum license regime • Deployment of a pilot architecture by mid 2020

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 18 ------ON-GOING PROJECT: lessons learnt – so far

• Earth curvature requires HIGH points

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 19 ------ON-GOING PROJECT: lessons learnt – so far

• Earth curvature requires HIGH points • Unlicensed spectrum is irrelevant

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 20 ------ON-GOING PROJECT: lessons learnt – so far

• Earth curvature requires HIGH points • Unlicensed spectrum is irrelevant • Propagation in NLOS is quite severe

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 21 ------ON-GOING PROJECT: lessons learnt – so far

• Earth curvature requires HIGH points • Unlicensed spectrum is irrelevant • Propagation in NLOS is quite severe • Terrestrial system shall be composed of multiple points

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 22 ------ON-GOING PROJECT: lessons learnt – so far

• Earth curvature requires HIGH points • Unlicensed spectrum is irrelevant • Propagation in NLOS is quite severe • Terrestrial system shall be composed of multiple points • 5G-NR like waveform with 20 MHz channellisation can meet the objectives

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 23 ------ON-GOING PROJECT: lessons learnt – so far

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 24 ------ON-GOING PROJECT: specifications

Based on CEA’s background on 5G-NR, specifications have been established

Parameter Value Comment

Waveform BF-OFDM 5G-NR compatible waveform Supportedmodulations QPSK, 16 QAM, 64 QAM Adaptive modulation Codingrates 1/3, 1/2,3/4 System bandwidth 2 channelsof 20 MHz Dualcarrier isOK

Duplex mode TDD Flexible 10ms-frame structure

Frequency band 3.5 GHz

Max outputpower 46 dBm (RF power) Powercontrol

Antennagain Terrestrial:17 dBi H60° / V6° aperture Boat : 19 dBi H8° / V8° aperture # terrestrialstations 4 3 in France,1 in UK On-boardsystem Azimutal beam-steering 2 RF front-ends Possible macro-diversity BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 25 ------ON-BOARD ARCHITECTURE

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 26 ------TERRESTRIAL SYSTEM

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 27 ------SELECTED HIGH POINTS

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 28 ------WHERE DO WE STAND ?

Experimental licence granted by ARCEP (Fr) and OFCOM (UK)

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 29 ------WHERE DO WE STAND ?

Experimental licence granted by ARCEP (Fr) and OFCOM (UK) Measurement campaign in Ouistreham on going

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 30 ------WHERE DO WE STAND ?

Experimental licence granted by ARCEP (Fr) and OFCOM (UK) Measurement campaign in Ouistreham on going Beta version of on-board station installed

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 31 ------WHERE DO WE STAND ?

Experimental licence granted by ARCEP (Fr) and OFCOM (UK) Measurement campaign in Ouistreham on going Beta version of on-board station installed System and RF optimisation on going

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 32 ------WHERE DO WE STAND ?

Experimental licence granted by ARCEP (Fr) and OFCOM (UK) Measurement campaign in Ouistreham on going Beta version of on-board station installed System and RF optimisation on going Autorisation received for 1st terrestrial station

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 33 ------WHERE DO WE STAND ?

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 34 ------What’s next ?

August 2019: first terrestrial station (FR) installed September 2019: the « Normandie » on-board station installed December 2019: All French sites are installed, south part of the road is covered March 2020: UK site is installed , second ship (Honfleur) is equipped June 2020: demonstration of a transmission over the entire road is made

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 35 ------Outline

1- Brief introduction to Brittany Ferries

2- Digital development of the company

3- Long range wireless backhaul system design

4- Promise and open issues

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 36 ------5G for maritime environment, promise and open issues

Beyond the passenger experience improvement, digitalisation of the company will leverage on 5G. This kind of ships are both a smart city and a smart factory. 5G technologies would enable • Real time on-board infrastructure monitoring (machines, operational parameters, on-board automates, etc.) • Monitoring and optimisation of logistic processes (e.g. embarking process) • On-board and in-harbour freight items monitoring and tracking • Further: autonomous ships

Open issues • Covering close-by maritime routes or extended harbour areas requires a dedicated 5G infrastructure. Will specific network operators emerge or will usual cellular operators run this infrastructure ? On which spectrum chunk ? • Will operators be OK to open their spectrum to cover the open sea? • If 5G spectrum is used, specific coexistence means with terrestrial networks will be needed (uplink) • Deployment of RF systems on board has severe constraints due to environment (salinity, vibrations, etc.) and the coexistence with security-related RF systems (radars)

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 37 ------Brittany Ferries T. +33 2 98 29 28 00 [email protected] Port du Bloscon F. +33 2 98 29 28 20 brittany-ferries.fr 29688 Roscoff - France

BRITTANY FERRIES 27/06/2019 38 ------