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In the Name of Krishna: the Cultural Landscape of a North Indian Pilgrimage Town
In the Name of Krishna: The Cultural Landscape of a North Indian Pilgrimage Town A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Sugata Ray IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Frederick M. Asher, Advisor April 2012 © Sugata Ray 2012 Acknowledgements They say writing a dissertation is a lonely and arduous task. But, I am fortunate to have found friends, colleagues, and mentors who have inspired me to make this laborious task far from arduous. It was Frederick M. Asher, my advisor, who inspired me to turn to places where art historians do not usually venture. The temple city of Khajuraho is not just the exquisite 11th-century temples at the site. Rather, the 11th-century temples are part of a larger visuality that extends to contemporary civic monuments in the city center, Rick suggested in the first class that I took with him. I learnt to move across time and space. To understand modern Vrindavan, one would have to look at its Mughal past; to understand temple architecture, one would have to look for rebellions in the colonial archive. Catherine B. Asher gave me the gift of the Mughal world – a world that I only barely knew before I met her. Today, I speak of the Islamicate world of colonial Vrindavan. Cathy walked me through Mughal mosques, tombs, and gardens on many cold wintry days in Minneapolis and on a hot summer day in Sasaram, Bihar. The Islamicate Krishna in my dissertation thus came into being. -
Srimad Bhagawadgita Which Is a Upanisad, Brahma Vidya and Yoga Sastras in the Form of a Dialogue Between Sri Krishna and Arjuna
Newsletter on Bhagavad Gita by Dr. P.V. Nath The following text is a compilation of the single issues of a regular newsletter by e-mail, composed by Dr. Pathikonda Viswambara Nath. It includes the original slokas of the Gita as well as the transliteration, translation and commentaries by Dr. Nath. Copyright to the commentaries on Bhagavad Gita: Dr. P.V. Nath, Great Britain. Inquiries concerning the text please direct to Dr. Nath at "[email protected]". Inquiries concerning the administration of the newsletter and the downloads please direct to [email protected]. To know more about Sri Swamiji, the Sadguru whose blessings made this newsletter possible, please visit: "www.dattapeetham.com" ___________________________________________________________________________ OM SAHA NAVAVATU SAHA NAU BHUNAKTU SAHA VEERYAM KARAVAVAHAI TEJASWI NAVADHEETAMASTU MAA VID VISHAVAHAI May He protect us both (the teacher and the pupil) May He cause us both to enjoy (the Supreme) May we both exert together (to discover the true inner meaning of the scriptures) May our studies be thorough and fruitful. May we never misunderstand each other. ___________________________________________________________________________ The Gita is in the form of dialogue between Krishna, the preceptor and the disciple Arjuna. Sanjaya, the narrator to King Dhritarashtra, intercepts now and then with a comment of his own. There are a total of 18 chapters with 701 verses (slokas.) Each of the chapters has a title and the title ends with the word “Yoga”. The word “Yoga” is derived from the word “Yuj” which means “Unite.” Study of every chapter assists the seeker to unite with the Lord and hence the use of the word “Yoga.” The seeker is he/she who is looking for attaining the union with the “Parabrahman” and experience the “Eternal Bliss.” In Sanskrit the name for the word “seeker” is “Sadhaka”. -
Paper Code: Dttm C205 Tourism in West Bengal Semester
HAND OUT FOR UGC NSQF SPONSORED ONE YEAR DILPOMA IN TRAVEL & TORUISM MANAGEMENT PAPER CODE: DTTM C205 TOURISM IN WEST BENGAL SEMESTER: SECOND PREPARED BY MD ABU BARKAT ALI UNIT-I: 1.TOURISM IN WEST BENGAL: AN OVERVIEW Evolution of Tourism Department The Department of Tourism was set up in 1959. The attention to the development of tourist facilities was given from the 3 Plan Period onwards, Early in 1950 the executive part of tourism organization came into being with the appointment of a Tourist Development Officer. He was assisted by some of the existing staff of Home (Transport) Department. In 1960-61 the Assistant Secretary of the Home (Transport) Department was made Director of Tourism ex-officio and a few posts of assistants were created. Subsequently, the Secretary of Home (Transport) Department became the ex-officio Director of Tourism. Two Regional Tourist Offices - one for the five North Bengal districts i.e., Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri, Cooch Behar, West Dinajpur and Maida with headquarters at Darjeeling and the other for the remaining districts of the State with headquarters at Kolkata were also set up. The Regional Office at KolKata started functioning on 2nd September, 1961. The Regional Office in Darjeeling was started on 1st May, 1962 by taking over the existing Tourist Bureau of the Govt. of India at Darjeeling. The tourism wing of the Home (Transport) Department was transferred to the Development Department on 1st September, 1962. Development. Commissioner then became the ex-officio Director of Tourism. Subsequently, in view of the increasing activities of tourism organization it was transformed into a full-fledged Tourism Department, though the Secretary of the Forest Department functioned as the Secretary, Tourism Department. -
In a New and Calm Nepal, the Famed Annapurna Circuit May Soon
LAST RIDE ON THE ANNAPURNA In a new and calm Nepal, the famed Annapurna stone, cold and beautiful. We hang our We’re riding the Annapurna Circuit, prayer flags with the others — symbols of a famous trekking route circling the Circuit may soon become the most incredible desires, dreams, wishes. Then we point our Annapurna Massif in Nepal. It’s normally a mountain-bike touring route in the Himalayas — front wheels downhill. tough 18-day hike that starts in the jungles but at what cost? Nathan Ward rides the fine line And it’s a long downhill, sharp and tech- of the middle hills of Nepal, climbs toward nical, and we ride it all with the befuddled the Tibetan plateau, crosses the high between tradition, legend, and change. brain waves of thin air – jolting through Thorung La, and plummets back to the boulder gardens, slicing into snowdrifts, jungles again. Even though it’s currently t 4:30 a.m., 16,000 feet high in the the sun, the alpine world unfolds before us rolling along perfect sections of singletrack, better suited for feet, we’ve decided to ride Himalayas, the stars shimmer blue in magically like an icy bouquet of high peaks A or just holding on and praying through sec- it on bikes — me, my wife Andrea, and our the cold alpine air. Moon-glow bounces from fanned out across the horizon. We get tions so steep they’re more of a controlled fearless local guide Chandra — to explore a glaciers, wavering, otherworldly, ghostly. on our bikes and pedal shakily up the last slide than a ride. -
The Lion : Mount of Goddess Durga
Orissa Review * October - 2004 The Lion : Mount of Goddess Durga Pradeep Kumar Gan Shaktism, the cult of Mother Goddess and vast mass of Indian population, Goddess Durga Shakti, the female divinity in Indian religion gradually became the supreme object of 5 symbolises form, energy or manifestation of adoration among the followers of Shaktism. the human spirit in all its rich and exuberant Studies on various aspects of her character in variety. Shakti, in scientific terms energy or our mythology, religion, etc., grew in bulk and power, is the one without which no leaf can her visual representation is well depicted in stir in the world, no work can be done without our art and sculpture. It is interesting to note 1 it. The Goddess has been worshipped in India that the very origin of her such incarnation (as from prehistoric times, for strong evidence of Durga) is mainly due to her celestial mount a cult of the mother has been unearthed at the (vehicle or vahana) lion. This lion is usually pre-vedic civilization of the Indus valley. assorted with her in our literature, art sculpture, 2 According to John Marshall Shakti Cult in etc. But it is unfortunate that in our earlier works India was originated out of the Mother Goddess the lion could not get his rightful place as he and was closely associated with the cult of deserved. Siva. Saivism and Shaktism were the official In the Hindu Pantheon all the deities are religions of the Indus people who practised associated in mythology and art with an animal various facets of Tantra. -
District Wise EC Issued
District wise Environmental Clearances Issued for various Development Projects Agra Sl No. Name of Applicant Project Title Category Date 1 Rancy Construction (P) Ltd.S-19. Ist Floor, Complex "The Banzara Mall" at Plot No. 21/263, at Jeoni Mandi, Agra. Building Construction/Area 24-09-2008 Panchsheel Park, New Delhi-110017 Development 2 G.M. (Project) M/s SINCERE DEVELOPERS (P) LTD., SINCERE DEVELOPERS (P) LTD (Hotel Project) Shilp Gram, Tajganj Road, AGRA Building Construction/Area 18-12-2008 Block - 53/4, UPee Tower IIIrd Floor, Sanjav Place, Development AGRA 3 Mr. S.N. Raja, Project Coordinator, M/s GANGETIC Large Scale Shopping, Entertainment and Hotel Unit at G-1, Taj Nagari Phase-II, Basai, Building Construction/Area 19-03-2009 Developers Pvt. Ltd. C-11, Panchsheel Enclve, IIIrd Agra Development Floor, New Delhi 4 M/s Ansal Properties and Infrastructure Ltd 115, E.C. For Integrated Township, Agra Building Construction/Area 07-10-2009 Ansal Bhawan, 16, K.G. Marg, New Delhi-110001 Development 5 Chief Engineer, U.P.P.W.D., Agra Zone, Agra. “Strengthening and widening road to 6 Lane from kheria Airport via Idgah Crosing, Taj Infrastructure 11-09-2008 Mahal in Agra City.” 6 Mr. R.K. Gaud, Technical Advisor, Construction & Solid Waste Management Scheme in Agra City. Infrastructure 02-09-2008 Design Services, U.P. Jal Nigam, 2 Lal Bahadur Shastri Marg, Lucknow-226001 7 Agra Development Authority, Authority Office ADA Height, Agra Phase II Fatehbad Road, AGRA Building Construction/Area 29-12-2008 Jaipur House AGRA. Development 8 M/s Nikhil Indus Infrastructure Ltd., Mr. -
This Guy's Adventure Filled One Week Trip to Valley of Flowers, Hemkund Sahib, Badrinath and India's Last Village - Mana
This Guy's Adventure Filled One Week Trip to Valley of Flowers, Hemkund Sahib, Badrinath and India's Last Village - Mana (7 nights, 8 days) Tour Route: Rishikesh – Govind Ghat – Ghangria – Govind Ghat – Mana – Badrinath – Govind Ghat – Rishikesh Tour Duration: 7 nights, 8 days Estimate travel dates: August 7-14 Group size: 20 people ********************************************************************************************* Brief Itinerary August 7: Meet at Rishikesh at 5 am sharp. Leave for Govind Ghat. August 8, Monday: Govind Ghat to Ghangria via Poolna. August 9: Ghangria to Valley of Flowers and back. August 10: Ghangria to Hemkund Sahib and back. August 11: Descend to Poolna. Drive back to Govind Ghat. August 12: Day visit to Mana village and Badrinath. August 13: Govind Ghat to Rishikesh. August 14: After early breakfast, depart for your respective cities. Note: People can arrive at Rishikesh on August 6th night (please note: trippers can make their own arrangements for this night or book your accommodation with us for an extra charge.) or reach directly on August 7th morning any time before 5 am. On August 14th people can leave any time in the morning. Trek Information: In the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand lies a palette of colours for you to trek and explore. With one side where tall cliffs greet the sky, the other side covered in snow clad mountains and a serene river meandering between the two, we present to you a picture-perfect trek. With approximately 80 species of flowers growing in the valley, the sight is nothing short of a treat for the eyes. While rainfall can be expected during our trip’s dates, July is still considered one of the best months to visit the valley as the monsoon is when the flowers are in full bloom. -
Bhoga-Bhaagya-Yogyata Lakshmi
BHOGA-BHAAGYA-YOGYATA LAKSHMI ( FULFILLMENT AS ONE DESERVES) Edited, compiled, and translated by VDN Rao, Retd. General Manager, India Trade Promotion Organization, Ministry of Commerce, Govt. of India, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi, currently at Chennai 1 Other Scripts by the same Author: Essence of Puranas:-Maha Bhagavata, Vishnu Purana, Matsya Purana, Varaha Purana, Kurma Purana, Vamana Purana, Narada Purana, Padma Purana; Shiva Purana, Linga Purana, Skanda Purana, Markandeya Purana, Devi Bhagavata;Brahma Purana, Brahma Vaivarta Purana, Agni Purana, Bhavishya Purana, Nilamata Purana; Shri Kamakshi Vilasa Dwadasha Divya Sahasranaama: a) Devi Chaturvidha Sahasra naama: Lakshmi, Lalitha, Saraswati, Gayatri; b) Chaturvidha Shiva Sahasra naama-Linga-Shiva-Brahma Puranas and Maha Bhagavata; c) Trividha Vishnu and Yugala Radha-Krishna Sahasra naama-Padma-Skanda-Maha Bharata and Narada Purana. Stotra Kavacha- A Shield of Prayers Purana Saaraamsha; Select Stories from Puranas Essence of Dharma Sindhu Essence of Shiva Sahasra Lingarchana Essence of Paraashara Smtiti Essence of Pradhana Tirtha Mahima Dharma Bindu Essence of Upanishads : Brihadaranyaka , Katha, Tittiriya, Isha, Svetashwara of Yajur Veda- Chhandogya and Kena of Saama Veda-Atreya and Kausheetaki of Rig Veda-Mundaka, Mandukya and Prashna of Atharva Veda ; Also ‘Upanishad Saaraamsa’ (Quintessence of Upanishads) Essence of Virat Parva of Maha Bharata Essence of Bharat Yatra Smriti Essence of Brahma Sutras Essence of Sankhya Parijnaana- Also Essence of Knowledge of Numbers Essence of Narada Charitra; Essence Neeti Chandrika-Essence of Hindu Festivals and Austerities- Essence of Manu Smriti*- Quintessence of Manu Smriti* - *Essence of Pratyaksha Bhaskara- Essence of Maha Narayanopanishad*-Essence of Vidya-Vigjnaana-Vaak Devi* Note: All the above Scriptures already released on www. -
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- 9!"( : : : 456 !47,0- %#232%3* %46/00 .#%4)05 (% %6@"4&%*@#873) *E%7 ;;(4*(&4"64*%#83A4@ @D6&C)@A43!63 "4&8$+3*5 #*(͂)5@ @3$#6@6(8@ $#3"6A@# 3"!#46@4)!%@643" 4$#7638!4@*83"!#4A&*4 63$*(74@6$%63& "4#@"83 #B"4@"C6'B5" &$ &2 3; <44% ;=0 >)4 8 9(8 8 ,)),:,-' % % 345"4 s coronavirus infection is Aresurfacing fast in the US, the UK, Russia and Bangladesh R — and back home Maharashtra and Kerala record more than half of the total Covid-19 cases registered last week — the 345"4 than 1,500 PSA oxygen plants Centre on Friday warned that are coming up across the nation the pandemic is far from over gainst the backdrop of which includes contributions and there is no room for com- Ascarce availability of oxy- from PM CARES as well as var- placency. gen supply during the virulent ious ministries and PSUs, The Government also second wave of Covid-19, according to the Prime 345"4 “The hope expressed in riage was conducted as per expressed its disappointment at Prime Minister Narendra Modi Minister’s Office. Article 44 of the Constitution Hindu rites and the provision the visuals from tourist spots on Friday reviewed the Oxygen plants contributed he Delhi High Court on that the State shall secure for its of exclusion is meant only to and the way people were min- progress of oxygen availability by PM CARES are coming up TFriday urged the Centre to citizens Uniform Civil Code protect the customary practices gling without following Covid across the country and direct- in all States and districts of the take steps to bring in a Uniform ought not to remain a mere of recognised tribes. -
President of India Honoured Women Achievers with Nari Shakti Puraskar
President of India honoured women achievers with Nari Shakti Puraskar INTERNATIONAL NEWS International women’s day was celebrated on March 8th. International women’s day(IWD) was celebrated on March 8th of every year with a view to celebrate and honour women achievers in various field and to induce gender equality among the society. The theme for IWD 2020 is “I am Generation Equality: Realizing Women’s Rights". In India various schemes and initiatives were launched by the Government with the view of providing assistance to the women in the country in various sectors. Denys Shmygal has become the new PM of Ukraine. After the resignation of PM Oleksiy Honcharuk, Ukraine parliament or Verkhovna Rada approved Denys Shmygal as a new Prime Minister. FACT: President of Ukraine - Volodymyr Zelensky Capital of Ukraine – Kyiv. Mars 2020 rover was named as Perseverance: NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA) has announced that the name of the 5th Mars (red planet) rover as Perseverance, earlier the rover was known by its codename Mars 2020. The name was suggested by Alexander Mather, 7th grade student of a school in Burke, Virginia. FACT: Headquarters of NASA - Washington, D.C., United States. Administrator of NASA - Jim Bridenstine. NATIONAL NEWS MSDE launches Mahatma Gandhi National Fellowship programme The Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) has launched the Mahatma Gandhi National Fellowship programme in the Indian Institute of Management in Bengaluru. The Fellowship programme was launched as a part of the SANKALP programme of the ministry to provide skilled manpower for District Skill Committees to prepare the District Skill Development plan. -
Chardham Yatra 2020
CHAR DHAM YATRA 2020 Karnali Excursions Nepal 1 ç Om Namah Shivaya CHARDHAM YATRA 2020 Karnali Excursions, Nepal www.karnaliexcursions.com CHAR DHAM YATRA 2020 Karnali Excursions Nepal 2 Fixed Departure Dates Starts in Delhi Ends in Delhi 1. 14 Sept, 2020 28 Sept, 2020 2. 21 Sept, 2020 5 Oct, 2020 3. 28 Sept, 2020 12 Oct, 2020 India is a big subject, with a diversity of culture of unfathomable depth, and a long Yatra continuum of history. India offers endless opportunities to accumulate experiences Overview: and memories for a lifetime. Since very ancient >> times, participating in the Chardham Yatra has been held in the highest regard throughout the length and breadth of India. The Indian Garhwal Himalayas are known as Dev-Bhoomi, the ‘Abode of the Gods’. Here is the source of India’s Holy River Ganges. The Ganges, starting as a small glacial stream in Gangotri and eventually travelling the length and breadth of India, nourishing her people and sustaining a continuum of the world’s most ancient Hindu Culture. In the Indian Garhwal Himalayas lies the Char Dham, 4 of Hinduism’s most holy places of pilgrimage, nestled in the high valleys of the Himalayan Mountains. Wearing the Himalayas like a crown, India is a land of amazing diversity. Home to more than a billion people, we will find in India an endless storehouse of culture and tradition amidst all the development of the 21st century! CHAR DHAM YATRA 2020 Karnali Excursions Nepal 3 • A complete darshan of Char Dham: Yamunotri, Trip Gangotri, Kedharnath and Badrinath. -
Lord Shiva in Varanasi Visual Processes and the Representation
OWE WIKSTRÖM Darsan (to See) Lord Shiva in Varanasi Visual Processes and the Representation of God by Seven Ricksha-Drivers Introduction In spite of its effort to be transculturally relevant, the psychology of relig- ion is quite ethno- or rather Western-centric. This becomes very clear when one tries to "translate" Indian folk religiosity into concepts taken from mainline theories; i.e. social, cognitive or psychoanalytical psychology of religion. Not only do the norms and values differ, but the very ontological assumptions underlying the categories in which the researcher understand differs fundamentally from the internal Hindu anthropological and epis- temiological apriori. For example, their words of the psyche include contex- tuality, from time to space, to ethics to groups. The subtle interrelatedness of the divine, spiritual and the mundane is obvious (Geertz 1973). It in- cludes the flows and exchanges of substances within and between persons with minimal outer bondaries. The psychological makeup of persons in societies so civilizationally dif- ferent as India is embedded in fundamentally distinct principles of these cultures and the social patterns and child rearing that these principles shape (Marsella et al 1985). Therefore it is clear that a western scholar and an Indian devotee are quite different, not only simply that they see things differently, coming from varied cultures, but that the very inner emotional- cognitive makeup is culturally constructed in different ways (Roland 1989). Of course this will "disturb" the interaction between interviewer and in- terviewee, the scholar and the pious man. In order to understand the psy- chological dynamics in folk religiosity, I think that the researcher has to re- examine and be aware of the way he uses the theoretical models in cross- cultural psychological hermeneutics.