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Dealing with the Legacy of Conflict in Northern Ireland Through Engagement and Dialogue

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Glencree Journal 2021 Dealing with the Legacy of Conflict in Northern Ireland through Engagement and Dialogue Glencree Centre for Peace and Reconciliation in association with Irish Centre for Human Rights at NUI Galway and Ulster University. ISBN: 978–1-903727–05–8 March 2021 © 2021 – Glencree Centre for Peace & Reconciliation The Glencree Centre for Peace & Reconciliation Glencree, Co. Wicklow, A98 D635 Republic of Ireland The views and opinions expressed in this document do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission or the Special EU Programmes Body (SEUPB). The views and opinions expressed in this document do not necessarily reflect those of the Glencree Centre for Peace & Reconciliation. Reproduction of all or part of this document may be authorised only with written consent of the source. A project supported by the European Union’s PEACE IV Programme, managed by the Special EU Programmes Body (SEUPB). The Glencree Centre for Peace and Reconciliation is a company limited by guarantee in the Republic of Ireland. Company No. 50088. Registered Charity No. CHY5943. Charities Regulatory Authority (CRA) No. 20009823. The Glencree Centre for Peace & Reconciliation Established in 1974 in response to the conflict in Northern Ireland, the Glencree Centre for Peace & Reconciliation works with individuals and groups to transform conflict, promote reconciliation, encourage healthy relationships and build sustainable peace. Under the Patronage of the President of Ireland, Michael D Higgins. e: [email protected] t: + 353 1 2829711 Connect with us www.glencree.ie Acknowledgments This Journal project was made possible by the European Union’s Peace IV Programme Body, (SEUPB), without whose support the publication of this Journal would not have been possible. Glencree Centre for Peace and Reconciliation acknowledges and sincerely thanks the Editorial Team for this publication: Professor Ray Murphy of the Irish Centre for Human Rights at NUI Galway, Professor Patricia Lundy, Dr Niall Gilmartin and Dr Philip McDermott, all of Ulster University (UU) and Dr Rory Finegan, Maynooth University (MU) and formerly Assistant Manager (2020) of the Peace IV ‘Addressing the Legacy of Violence through Facilitated Dialogue' Project at Glencree. Glencree Centre also acknowledges the contribution of the nineteen authors of the articles in the Journal who work, record and research on these difficult issues every day. Thank you is also extended to those who undertook the invisible but important task of peer reviewing each article. Glencree Journal 2021 Table of Contents Loyalist Women Have A Voice – But Who’s Listening? 14 Leanne Abernethy Utilising Socially Engaged Photography As A Method For Exploring The Social Landscape Of Cultural Trauma In Northern Ireland 23 Ashle Bailey-Gilreath Pursuing The Common Good: An Ethical Framework For Promoting Reconciliation Within The Youth Sector In Northern Ireland / The North Of Ireland 35 Cathy Bollaert A Mnemonic Device For Belfast: Drawing The Ring Of Steel 46 Kate Catterall Facilitated Dialogue: The Political Theology Of Fr Alec Reid 62 C. K. Martin Chung The Bottom-Down Approach To Making Peace With The Past 77 Geoffrey Corry The Churches, Reconciliation And Addressing The Legacy Of Inter-Communal Violence In Northern Ireland 92 Gladys Ganiel and Nicola Brady Standing On Trial: Convictions, The Crumlin Road Courthouse And The Role Of Urban Development In Historical Sites Of Violence 103 Sadie Gilker Trauma, Denial And Acknowledgement: The Legacy Of Protestant Displacement In Londonderry/Derry During The Troubles 114 Niall Gilmartin ‘Not So Much About Belfast, As Of Belfast’ Lessons For The Discourse Of Public History From The Approach Of Post- Conflict Belfast Poetry 126 Samuel Guthrie Lives, Landscapes And The Legacy Of The Past 137 Cheryl Lawther & Luke Moffett Women’s Political Visualisation Of Post-Conflict Belfast: Community-Led Participatory Photography As A Means Of Highlighting Socio-Economic Issues 149 Affecting Interface Areas Of The City Jolene Mairs Dyer Addressing The Legacy Of Inter-Communal Violence Through Drama: Mainstream Theatre And Community Action 163 Kevin De Ornellas & Dónall Mac Cathmhaoill 6 Glencree Journal 2021 Women In Peace Mediation On The Island Of Ireland: Towards A More Inclusive Definition 175 Heidi Riley & Emma Murphy Victims, Survivors, And The Reconciliation Paradigm 186 Joseph S. Robinson Is It Always Going Be This Way?”: Legacies Of The Troubles And The Holy Cross Girls Primary School Dispute 198 Eimear Rosato Embedding Memory Into The Landscape – A Place For Stolpersteine In Northern Ireland? 209 Stephen Roulston & Sammy Taggart From Virtual Peace With Virtual Reality: Exploring The Contested Narratives Of Spaces And Places In Northern Ireland 221 Sammy Taggart, Stephen Roulston, Clare McAuley ‘Building’ And ‘Cultivating’ Peace: Practitioner Reflections On The Sustainable Peace Network Project 238 Wilhelm Verwoerd Short Biographical Statements of Contributing Authors 249 7 Glencree Journal 2021 Introduction Twenty-three years after the signing of the Good Friday/Belfast Agreement, Northern Ireland and the border counties remain deeply divided along communal lines. An enduring aspect of this, is that the Agreement and other subsequent political efforts have yet to adequately address the legacy of past violence. This deficit is most acutely felt in the difficult, complex and divisive relationship between ‘victims and survivors’. In 2017, the Glencree Centre for Peace and Reconciliation was awarded European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) funding under the PEACE IV Programme for the ‘Addressing the Legacy of Violence through Facilitated Dialogue Project’. This funding is for regional-level projects that result in meaningful, purposeful and sustained contact between persons from different communities. Our project is focused around, victims’/survivors’ groups and their communities in Northern Ireland. It has, through a process of private and confidential facilitated dialogues, examined themes and issues which remain as obstacles to deeper understanding and the promotion of positive relations on this island. This project’s goal is to deepen reconciliation across some of the most pronounced and persistent social and political divides still affecting our post-conflict space. Our focus is to promote positive and humanised cross-border and cross-community relations. Glencree holds a firm belief that facilitated dialogue can achieve some measure of reconciliation and peacebuilding to deal with these painful legacy issues. One of the project aims is to create forums and platforms to share learning. As part of this process we embarked on a public call for papers based on practice, research, or methodologies that highlight the role of managed or ‘Facilitated Dialogues’ to address the ‘Legacy of Violence’ in our society. This Journal details many different perspectives on how facilitated dialogue can be and has been used to address some of the most difficult legacy issues of our conflict. We hope that the learning accrued through the project will be of assistance to other victims’/survivors’ groups, academics, policymakers, and practitioners in ascertaining how to productively engage with Northern Ireland’s contentious past. We also hope that the eclectic peer-reviewed research gathered in this publication will contribute beyond these shores for countries emerging out of violent conflict and highlight the issues of victims and survivors and their place as central to emerging peace processes. Róisín McGlone & Joan O’Flynn On behalf of Glencree Centre for Peace and Reconciliation 8 Glencree staff biographical statements Róisín McGlone Programme Manager of PEACE IV ‘Addressing the Legacy of Violence through Facilitated Dialogue Project’ Born in Belfast, Roisin has been involved with conflict transformation programmes in Croatia, Macedonia, Guyana, America and South Africa. She was one of two Community Relations Nominees on the Civic Forum. She was an Assistant Boundary Commissioner for Belfast, an independent member of The Northern Ireland Policing Board, and a board member of the Northern Ireland Community Relations Council. Roisin graduated with a Masters in Philosophy in Reconciliation Studies with the Irish School of Ecumenics, Trinity College Dublin. Joan O’Flynn, Acting CEO Glencree Centre for Peace & Reconciliation Joan O’Flynn is Acting CEO during the maternity leave period of current CEO Naoimh McNamee. Joan has extensive experience of leadership and management roles as an independent consultant, across the voluntary and public sectors, and the civil service. Holding a Masters in Equality Studies from UCD and a BA from UCC, Joan’s interests are poverty, social inclusion and equality; gender; community development and social policy more broadly. Joan’s former roles have included CEO of the Camogie Association; National President of the Camogie Association; Director of the National Advisory Committee on Drugs (NACD), an independent committee under the auspices of the Minister with responsibility for the National Drugs Strategy based in the Department of Health; and, Head of Communications with the independent public sector body, the Combat Poverty Agency. Naoimh McNamee, CEO Glencree Centre for Peace & Reconciliation Naoimh is an experienced senior manager and mediator (MCIArb), with qualifications in International Relations (DCU) and international Security & Global Governance (Birkbeck). While working in London, Naoimh managed a variety of fundraising campaigns and
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