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Special Committee on Apartheid Pays Tribute to Gandhi on His Centenary Special Committee on Apartheid Pays Tribute to Gandhi on his Centenary http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.nuun1969_09 Use of the Aluka digital library is subject to Aluka’s Terms and Conditions, available at http://www.aluka.org/page/about/termsConditions.jsp. By using Aluka, you agree that you have read and will abide by the Terms and Conditions. Among other things, the Terms and Conditions provide that the content in the Aluka digital library is only for personal, non-commercial use by authorized users of Aluka in connection with research, scholarship, and education. The content in the Aluka digital library is subject to copyright, with the exception of certain governmental works and very old materials that may be in the public domain under applicable law. 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For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org Special Committee on Apartheid Pays Tribute to Gandhi on his Centenary Alternative title Notes and Documents - United Nations Centre Against ApartheidNo. 14/69 Author/Creator United Nations Centre against Apartheid Publisher Department of Political and Security Council Affairs Date 1969-10-00 Resource type Reports Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) South Africa Coverage (temporal) 1969 Source Northwestern University Libraries Description At its meeting on 2 October 1969 the centenary of the birth of Mahatma Gandhi, the Special Committee on the Policies of Apartheid of the Governnent of the Republic of South Africa paid tribute to Mahatma Gandhi and requested that the Secretariat publicize his contribution to the struggle against apartheid. This issue of "Notes and Documents" has been prepared in pursuance of that request. Format extent 6 page(s) (length/size) http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.nuun1969_09 http://www.aluka.org UNIT ON APARTHEID UNIT ON APARTHEID DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL AND SECURITY COUNCIL AFFAIRS October 1969 NOTES AND DOCUMENTS* SPECiAL COiU01§2112 O7 -,A,.,ID PAYS TI3DE OGC'D I OF FISC'Z'A-Y Pf'Te 1. Text of Staterqent by H.B. 'r. ',bdulrolik& .1bby 'arah (Somalia), Chairuan of the Special Corzittee on . artheid, October 2, 19, 9 2. An Account of Gandhi's Activities in South Africa (At iLs ,,eetinL on 2 OctQber 1969, the centenary o' the birth of "'ahat, a Candhi the Special Connittee on the Policies o A rteid. of the Government of the 7epublic o' South Africa -a.6 tribute to " "- andi anc! rea'ested -',hat the 8ecretariat pnublicize 'its coYtiutiion to the strug-,le against martheid. This issue o" "-!otes and Documents" has been prepared in puxsuance <>f that request). 69-21974 *All material in these notes and documents may be freely reprinted. Acknowledgement, together with a copy of the publication containing the reprint, would be appreciated. TE7T O!? STATl- 1T DY f.. MR. ABDULRAHIM ABBY FARAH (SOMALIA), CHAIRMAN OF THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON APARTHEID, OCTOBER 2. 1969 Today is the centenary of the birth of Mahatman Gandhi, one of the greatest humanists of this century. It was in South Africa, in the struggle against racial discrimination and the humiliation of the Indian people, that Mahatman Gandhi had his baptism of fire. It was in South Africa, between 1893 and 1915, that he perfected his philosophy of passive resistance which he later applied in India in the struggle of his people for national independence. On this centenary of Mahatman Gandhi, we cannot but note that the struggle in South Africa against racial discrimination, against the monstrous policy of apartheid, continues. The colleagues and followers of Mahatma Gandhi - and the people of Indian origin in general - have continued the struggle and, under the leadership of the liberation movement of the African people, made a notable contribution. The Special Committee has had occasion to note the heroism and the persecution of people like Dr. Yusuf Dadoo, Mr. Nana Sita, Mr. Ahmed Kathrada, and Mr. G. M. Naicker, and hundreds of others who are in prison or under bans for opposition to apartheid. Indeed, Mahatma Gandhi's son, Mr. Manilal Gandhi, was an active participant in the struggle until his death a few years ago. The son-in-law of Mr. Manilal Gandhi, Mr. Ramgobin Mawalal, is now under banning orders. Two children of Mahatma Gandhi's adopted son are now in prison for their participation in the struggle for liberation - Mr. Indres Naidoo is on Robben Island serving a long term of imprisonment with Mr. Nelson Mandela and others; Miss Shanti Naidoo was detained last May under the Terrorism Act, along with Mrs. Mandela and others, and is now kept incommunicado. On this occasion, let us pledge to redouble our efforts to liberate the prisoners and end racial discrimination in South Africa. I feel that we should also promote greater awareness of the long history of the struggle for justice in South Africa and I would like to request the secretariat to take steps to publicize the contribution of Mahatma Gandhi to the Struggle against apartheid. -2- AN ACCOUNT OF GANDHI'S ACTIVITIES IN SOUTH AFRICA (Mr. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi went to South Africa in 1893, at the age of 24, on an assignment from an Indian company to instruct their counsel in a lawsuit. Becoming involved in the movement against discrimination, he stayed on in South Africa until 1915. The following account of his work in South Africa is taken from the Gandhi Centenary Supplement of India News, Washington). Arrival in Durban "Dressed in a frock-coat and turban, Gandhi landed in Durban where his client Abdulla Sheth received him. Almost the first thing he sensed on arrival was the oppressive atmosphere of racial snobbishness. Indians of whom large numbers were settled in South Africa, some as merchants, some in the professions, the large majority as indentured laborers, were all looked down upon as pariahs by the white settlers and called coolies or samis. "After about a week's stay in Durban Gandhi left for Pretoria, the capital of the Transvaal, where his presence was needed in connexion with a lawsuit. A first- call ticket was purchased for him by his client. When the train reached Maritzburg, the capital of Natal, at about 9 p.m., a white passenger who boarded the train objected to the presence of a "colored" man in the compartment and Gandhi was ordered by a railway official to shift to a third-class. When he refused to do so, a constable pushed him out and his luggage was taken away by the railway authorities. It was winter and bitterly c6ld. Gandhi sat and shivered the whole night in the waiting-room, thinking: 'Should I fight for my rights or go back to India?' He decided that it was cowardice to run away without fulfilling his obligations. "The next evening he continued the train journey--this time without a mishap. But a bigger mishap awaited him on the journey from Charlestown to Johannesburg which had to be covered by stage coach. He was made to sit with the coachman on the box outside, while the white conductor sat inside with the white passengers. Gandhi pocketed the insult for fear of missing the coach altogether. On the way the conductor who wanted a smoke spread a piece of dirty sack-cloth on the footboard and ordered Gandhi to sit there so that the conductor could have Gandhi's seat and smoke. Gandhi refused. The conductor swore and rained blows on him, trying to throw him down. Gandhi clung to the brass rails of the coach box, refusing to yield and unwilling to retaliate. Some of the white passengers protested at this cowardly assault and the conductor was obliged to stop beating Gandhi who kept his seat. "Though his main concern in Pretoria was with the lawsuit, Gandhi's sense of social justice had been aroused by his personal experience of the indignities to which his countrj-men were subject. He therefore lost no -3- time, after making the necessary preliminary contacts, in calling a meeting of the Indian community in Pretoria which consisted largely of Muslim merchants. This was his first public speech successfully delivered... "The position of Indians in the Transvaal was worse than in Natal. They were compelled to pay a poll tax of £3; they were not allowed to own land except in a specially allotted location, a kind of ghetto; they had no franchise, and were not allowed to walk on the pavement or move out of doors after 9 p.m. without a special permit. One day Gandhi, who had received from the State Attorney a letter authorizing him to be out of doors at all hours, was having his usual walk. As he passed near President Kruger's house, the policeman on duty, suddenly and without any warning, pushed him off the pavement and kicked him into the street. Mr. Coates, an English Quaker who knew Gandhi, happened to pass by and saw the indicent. He advised Gandhi to proceed against the man and offered himself as witness. But Gandhi declined the offer saying that he had made it a rule not to go to court in respect of a personal grievance. "Having completed his work in Pretoria, Gandhi returned to Durban and prepared to sail home. But at a farewell dinner given in his honor someone showed him a news item in 'Natal Mercury' that the Natal Government proposed to introduce a bill to disfranchise Indians.
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