STATE OF FLOODING IN

STATTMENT BY THE MINISTER TOR KAMPALA CAPITAL CITY AND METROPPLITAN AFFAIRS

18TH JUNE 2019 INFORMATION PAPER ON THE STATE OF FLOODING IN KAMPALA

The Rt. Hon. Speaker of Parliament, Hon. Members,

1..0 INTRODUCTION l.l Flooding in Kampala and the Metropolitan Area Madam Speaker and Honorable Colleagues; you may note that the ongoing rainy season has caused flooding in various parts of Kampala and the Metropolitan Area. The floods have led to widespread destruction of property and livelihoods, disruption of business and economic activities and loss of lives. For instance, on Sunday 26th Muy 2019, a number of areas flooded, roads were cut off and a lot of property was destroyed in Kampala and surrounding areas. Eight (8) people are believed to have lost their lives in the areas of Kikajjo, Lubowa and Lufuka all located in Masajja and Bunamwaya divisions. According to relief Agencies, over 500 households were affected by the floods of 26th Muy 2019. The most affected villages include: Lubowa, Lufuka, Kazinga, Wakulekana, Btzali, Masajja-Kibira-B, Lwasa bridge way kiangle, Kabuma,Katongo,Kikajjo, , - Ssabagabo (in Wakiso but in the Greater Kampala Metropolitan area; GKMA).

In Kampala area, the floods have had a devastating effect on the lives of people, livestock, businesses, households and disrupted transport in areas like , , Nalukolongo, Bugolobi, industrial area and . Many people have been left homeless and others have had to move to neighboring villages for shelter with relatives and friends. Schools

1. too have been affected and this has an impact on the education of children in the affected areas.

There is risk of disease outbreaks due to poor hygiene and sanitation as heavy rains continue amidst compromised hygiene and sanitation situations in communities. Many latrines were washed away and feacal matter flows with flooding water into people's homes. Children are at most risk of contracting diseases like pneumonia, cholera and other viral and bacterial infections.

'/.,.2 Increased rainfall in

According to the Uganda National Meteorological Authority (UNMA), " overall, there is an increased likelihood of above normal rainfall over most parts of Uganda (in the April-June 2019 season)". From Muy 2019 to date the Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area (GKMA) has experienced torrential rainfall. Overall, above normal (above average) rainfall is expected to prevail over this region. These rains, according to UNMA, are expected to continue up to J:uly 2019.

1.3 Kampala Drainage System The drainage network system of Kampala comprises of 8 main watersheds: Nakivubo, , Nalukolongo, Kasanga, Mayanja/Kaliddubi, Kinawataka, Nalu,baga, Walufumbe (as per attached). In each basiry runoff water is drained by primary channels (main channels along the low-lying areas), by secondury channels, the tertiary channels and small drains. All these drainage systems follow the natural flow of terrain in the Kampala and Metropolitan Area up to the lowest point of the catchment. The hilly terrain of Kampala implies that water quickly flows from the catchment areas into primary and secondary channels located at the lowest points (or in the valleys).

2 2.0 oBIECTTVES OF THE INFORMATION PAPER

The purpose of this Information Paper is to: 2.1, Give Parliament a status report on the most flood prone areas in Kampala; 2.2 Inform Parliament about the causes of floods in Kampala and the Metropolitan Area; 2.3 Appraise Parliament on the interventions by KCCA to address the flooding issues in the Kampala Area; 2.4 Inform Parliament that a comprehensive plan shall require land acquisition and resettlement of people; 2.5 Inform Parliament of the urgent need for a Greater Kampala Metropolitan Drainage Master Plan.

3.0 THE PROBLEM

Maddam Speaker, the torrential rains have caused flooding in the GKMA areas. These floods have caused havoc, damaged infrastructure (such as drainage systems, roads and powerlines), devastated people's homes and industrial properties which has caused serious disruption to traffic flow and economic activities in the City. People living and working in low-lying areas are mostly at risk to the impacts of flooding. Recently, there have been reports of several people dying (in collapsed buildings and drowning in storm-water) due to the floods.

The problem is exacerbated by the fact that drainage catchment areas and associated impacts transcend beyond the KCCA areas of jurisdiction. The flooding issues hence require a holistic approach from Government.

3 4.0 KEY FLOOD SPOTS IN KAMPALA 4.'j, Bwaise Area

(a) Kiyanja channel -Lumas Road

This is an earth channel and it's a secondary channel to Lubigi channel. It is located in Division and it flows from Gayaza Road through and discharges in Lubigi channel. It has an average width of 1.5- 2.5m .The major flooding point along this channel is at Lumas Road, Kanyanya Quarter Zone and .

Cause of flooding Immediate Long-Term Interventions Interventions

r Flooding here is caused KCCA continues to . KCCA completed by the small channel desilt the channel new designs of this size and the small and crossings to channel and the new 600mm road culverts remove garbage. box culverts etre that were installed being fixed. around 2005-2006. By Implementation is the time of installation, only awaiting funds these culverts were to be availed under sufficient because there the KIIPD2 extra were fewer houses in financing. Funds for the area and the purchasing the land volume of rainwater and resettling people runoff was much. need to be availed Increased development too. has led to increase in rainwater runoff.

4 Existing culverts hence cannot accommodate this flow hence creating back flow that floods the road and neighboring communities .KCCA is ready to o Another cause of remove all illegal flooding is the structures built encroachment on the within the channel channel reserves by the reserves, however, nearby communities. Political support This has made it from local leader is difficult for the KCCA needed to effect maintenance crew to these enforcement access, desilt and clean actions. the channel. .KCCA shall . Indiscriminate intensify collection dumping of garbage in of garbage from the channel prevents these informal the easy flow of water settlements, in line hence flooding. with the recent Government guidance on solid waste management

(b) Nakamiro Channel This is a secondary drain of Lubigi that flows from Kawempe Kutaano,Kazo Angola to Bwaise. Its flooding point is at Nabweru Road next to office.

5 Cause of Flooding Immediate intervention

o The main cause of flooding is o KCCA redesigned this inadequate capacity of the channel and construction is channel, especially at the point scheduled to commence in where the channel terminates July 2019. This will address into Lubigi channel. this problem. Funding for construction of this channel is available under the KIIDP2. Government has also provided the funds for land acquisition/ resettlement.

4.2 Kawaala-Bwaise Channel

This channel is located in Division and it is also a secondary channel to Lubigi channel; it flows from Hill Road where it is 2.5m wide. However in some downstream sections the width has been reduced to less than 1m.The major flooding point at this channel is at Kaw aala.

Cause of flooding Immediate Long-Term intervention Interwentions

. The main cause of . KCCA is ready to o KCCA completed flooding is illegal remove all illegal new designs of encroachment on the structures built within this channel were and the new box channel reserves and the channel reserves. culverts. has Political flood plain. This However, Implementation is reduced the sectional support from local only awaiting width from 3m to 1.5m leaders is needed to funds for

6 hence flooding the effect these construction and Kawaala area. enforcement actions. land acquisition . Indiscriminate dumping of garbage in .KCCA shall intensify the channel prevents collection of garbage the easy flow of water from these informal hence flooding settlements, in line with the recent government guidance on solid waste management o Manual desilting of the small channel is continuously being done.

4.3 Kyambogo-Banda Area

Channels in this area are part of the Kinawataka drainage system in . The channel flows from through Ntinda Industrial Area, Kyambogo and to Kasokoso and into Lake Victoria. It is an open channel with an average width of about 2.5m.The main flooding points along this channel are at Ntinda Industrial Area (Nakawa), and at Kyambogo, at Banda Moil Petrol Station and at Banda Petrol (Kawooya Channel).

Cause of flooding Immediate Long-Term intervention Interventions

. Meera Investments oln order to increase .Government should backfille d about 75% the capacity of flow fast-track the process of Kinawataka of the culvert of cancelling all land swamp, which is a crossings on ]inja titles in wetlands. discharge area of the road. KCCA Thereafter, KCCA u 7 channel, hence intends to shall compel Meera reducing the speed of construct 4 new Investments and other water up stream box culvert developers to restore hence flooding of crossings (on Jinja the wetland Jinja Road stretches. Road) at Note that Meera Kyambogo and oResponsible Investments has a Banda areas. Government title in this wetland KCCA completed Ministries should and was given an designs for these compel the industries approval by NEMA crossings and we in Nakawa Industrial around 2010/11. plan to construct area to pay / offset for o Another main cause them under the the vanquished of flooding are KIIDP2 extra wetland / flood plains Industries in financing. Works where they Kyambogo that are scheduled to constructed the constructed screens, commence around industries. KCCA can perimeter walls and Feb 2020. use this money to permanent structure reconstruct the in the channel diverted channels (between 2004-2008). through Nakawa Prior to this, this area industrial area. was a flood plain. These constructions reduced the width of the channel and hence reduced the channel water carrying capacity. . Culvert Crossings along Jinja road are small, dilapidated and under capacity lrg 8 4.4 Nalukolongo Area

Nalukolongo Channel is located in Lubaga Division; the channel flows from , Kibuye to Masaka Road. It has an average width of about 2.5m and it's an earth channel. The major flooding points along this channel are at Wankulukuku/Sembule, Nalukolongo Road and Samona Natete.

Cause of flooding Immediate Long-Term intervention Interventions

oEncroachment is a .The process of . KCCA completed major cause of compensating new designs of flooding on people in Nalukolongo channel Nalukolongo preparation for with new box channel. Many construction is culverts at Sembule factories illegally ongoing. The and other critical backfilled sections Resettlement locations. New along the channel Action Plan report designs have and constructed was submitted to addressed the issue of permanent structures the Chief the shallow channel in the'Re-claimed' Government depths. At area. This reduced Valuer for reconstructiory the the width of the approval (in Muy sections along the channel and hence 201e). channel shall be creates a backflow The funds for widened to increase upstream which compensation are the water carrying causes flooding. In also available. We capacity and prevent addition, there are intend to complete overspills. many temporary the compensation a structures such as by Dec 2019. makeshift bridges,

9 kiosks etc., that .After blocked accesses for compensation the KCCA KCCA will have maintenance team; enough space for KCCA cannot clean maintenance. the channel effectively. olnitial efforts by KCCA to remove the illegal encroachments . Manual desilting on the channel, of the small widen and channel is reconstruct it were continuously frustrated by being done. Politicians (especially the Area MP then- Hon Ken Lukyamuzi) who mobilized people to resist KCCA efforts. . This channel is relatively very shallow; some of its sections are less than 1m deep. The channel lacks the capacity to carry the oOn garbage water during heavy collection KCCA rains, hence water shall intensify overtops the channels collection of banks causing garbage from these informal

L0 flooding in the settlements, in line nearby areas. with the recent o The residents in the government informal settlements guidance on solid along its banks dump waste garbage in this management. channel, hence clogging it and consequently the flooding up stream. o Inadequate sizes of the culvert crossings along Nalukolongo and Sembule Roads causes flooding in this area o Mandela Miller Limited backfilled swamp upon clearance by NEMA. This swamp is the final discharge point for Nalukolongo channel and further o NEMA should back filling shall stop further exacerbate the reclamation of flooding problem in Busega swamp Nalukolongo, and Nateete areas.

11 4.5 Nateete Area

Nateete Channel is located in and it is a secondary drain to Nalukulogo channel. It is an earth channel with an average width of 1m and it is a road side drain. The key flood point along this channel is at Samona close where the road gets flooded.

Cause of flooding Immediate Long-Term intervention Interventions

. The main cause of flooding oKCCA is ready to oKCCA of this channel are the remove all illegal designed the developments/ buildings structures built within channels and and temporary structures the channel reserves. the bridge along the channel edges. However, Political crossings in This has left no support from local this area. The spacef access for the leaders is needed to work shall maintenance hence effect these involve accumulation of solid enforcement actions. widening of waste and silt. . In case the illegal the channel o Nateete Police Station was developments are and new box also constructed in the removed, KCCA shall culverts. flood plain. There is easily maintain this However, therefore no space for channel as we await funds for temporary storage and funds to be availed RAP and flow of the storm water. for construction. construction o The existing temporary need to be bridge crossing does not availed. have capacity to convey the water. Furthermore, the

L2 W charurel is narrow, in some sections and hence does not have capacity to carry the entire volume of water.

4.6 Kamwokya Drain Kamwokya drain flows through Nakawa and Central Divisions and to Kawempe Division. It is an earth channel with an average width of 2.0m .The major flooding point along this channel is at Kamwokya close to the Northern by Pass.

Cause of flooding Immediate Long-Term Interventions intervention o The original channel in o On garbage o KCCA completed Kisenyi, Kawempe collection designs for the zorle was blocked KCCA shall Kamwokya secondary (between 2005-2009) intensify drain to Nsooba by illegal encroachers collection of Primary drain. This will who built structures garbage from relieve the heavy flow along the channel; these informal in the Kamwokya hence water that was settlements, in (community) channel. draining into the line with the Construction is planned channel was redirected recent to corrunence in 2020 to the Kamwokya Government under the KIIP2 extra drain hence guidance on financing. However, overwhelming it and solid waste funding for land causing floods. management acquisition shall be . Solid waste is a major a needed from problem, because the Government. surrounding communities use the

13 channel as a dumPmg area.

4.7 Clock tower, and Mukwano Areas

This is located in Central Division and are closed tertiary drains that flow from the Katwe (Kinyoro) community drairy Nsambya Barracks and area. The main flooding point along this channel is along Nsambya Road near the Post Office and at Mukwano Road.

Cause of flooding Immediate Long-Term intervention Interventions

. The cause of this is that .KCCA teams o New designs for the the drain was blocked continue to drainage system in this by the developments desilt these area has been included in the area such as areas. We in the Kampala Fly Mukwano Industries. stationed Over. After emergency construction (which is o The crossings are also teams in the scheduled to start in small and under areas that are luly 2019) this flooding capacity responsible for problem will not exist removing anymore. garbage during rains

4.8 Shell Bugolobi (Luthuli-Bandali rise)

This is located in the Nakawa Division. The major flooding point along this channel is at Bandali rise where the road floods.

t4 Cause of flooding Immediate Long-Term Interventions intervention

. The major causes of .KCCA has redesigned flooding here are the two drainage network in this developments (Village area. New proposals Mall and Shell Bugolobi) include new box culvert that were constructed on network on road the original drainage. The at shell Bugolobi. The small diversion drains that construction shall be were constructed by the financed through a new two developers are project to be funded by insufficient for the storm- the African Development water flow in this area. Bank. KCCA is in advanced stages of securing this AfDB loan.

4.9 Other flood spots in the Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area

Some areas that continuously flood in the GKMA include Namasuba and Zzana areas on Entebbe Road, Kikajjo, Lubowa and Lufuka all located in Masajja and Bunamwaya Divisions in Makindye-Ssabagabo (in Wakiso district). Interestingly,these areas are drained by the Mayanja-Kaliddubi catchment that forms the boundary with KCCA (in Makidye Division). Other areas are Kireka, Bweyogerere and Namanve areas in Kiira Municipality.

We have observed that flooding in these areas is caused by similar elements of inadequate drainage infrastructure, illegal developments, reclamation of wetlands and flood plains and poor solid management practices. M

15 s.0 suMMARy oF MAJOR CAUSES OF FLOODTNG rN KAMPALA

In summary,Rt. Hon Speaker, the major causes of flooding in Kampala are;

5.1 Illegal developments and encroachments on drainage reserves; 5.2 Filling of wetlands, and low-lyin g areasf flood plains with soil; 5.3 Poor solid waste management practices by communities; 5.4 Inadequate drainage infrastructure:

6.0 ONGOING EFFORTS TO ADDRESS THE ISSUES 6.1 Kampala Drainage Master Plan

A new Kampala Drainage Master Plan (KDMP) was completed in Dec 2017. This master plan entails details of all flow constuictions in the Kampala drainage system. The master plan recommends structural measures (such as construction of new drains and crossings) and non-structural measures (such as improving solid waste management and promoting use green/ pervious compounds for new developments) etc.

The KDMP recommended to expand, re-direct or extend the drainage system along the primary or secondary channels. This shall require obtaining land and re-locating households in areas designated for expansion. In the community consultations, 94% of the respondent land lords were willing to provide land for the project provided they are paid. So far, the implementation of the KDMP is at less than 5%. However, with the implementation of the projects enumerated in Sections 6.4 & 6.5, the implementation shall be at about 20o/".

Table 1 below shows the future investments recommend in the Kampala Drainage Master Plan.

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o bo N ro ro co co 00 o\ o\ o\ 6l co € ro t D.-

N tr rl o bo ri c.l 6t cr\ N 6l r-{ 6 tr @ o\ T.\ @ \0 (,) N o, f.\ @ c.l o t-' co <,t ro 6l <1

KCCA employs 496 casual workers who are responsible for cleaning primary, secondary, tertiary and roadside drains including removal of floating objects from these drains. In FY2019 /2020, an additional L30 drainage casual staff will be recruited to increase drainage maintenance efforts.

In addition to manual desilting, KCCA uses 3 excavator tractors, backhoe tractors and six tipper trucks for drainage maintenance. The equipment was acquired through the Lake Victoria Environment Management Project under the Ministry of Water and Environment. This equipment is however, inadequate given the extent of the drainage channels to be maintained.

6.3 Drainage improvement proiects: In 2017-2019 KCCA constructed 9.899Km of conununity drainage channels in various . In Kawempe, drains constructed include: Lubuga I (350m), Lubuga II (620m), Kanakulya (434m), Mugerwa (417m), Ganafa (327m), St. Benedict €tKabungu Close (469m), Gabunga-Kazo Angola (437m), Nsamba-Kazo Angola (159m), Yelemia- Kazo Angola (277m), Lutunda (582m), Ssekenge (522m), Mathel (206m), Bajabaseka drain and crossing (361m), Nte Yaffa (269m) Kawempe - Ttula I (BB2m), Kawempe, - Ttula Il (509m), Tributary II (L43m), IGddugala drain @09m). In Rubaga, Chwa II Nnmungoona" (536m), Kiwunya roadside RHS A LHS (790m), Kiwunya-Nasma (320m), Kibuye-Police- Hollywood (a50m) in Nakaw a Kawooya drain (215m), and Kanywankoko (215m).

6.4 Upcoming Proiects Starting luly/Aug2019 Under the World Bank (KIIDP) funding, KCCA intends to construct Lubigi and Nakamiro channels (at evaluation stage) starting in July 2079. Under GoU funding, and starting in ldy 2019, construction of the following channels shall corunence:

18 a

In Lubaga Division (Nabunya, Kimera, Kabaawo and Sebania and Nabulagala channels with a total length of 2,945m); in , (St Denis, Nalweyiso, Kabaluka and Nakinyuguzi a total length of 2,1.24m); in Central Division (Kitamanyangamba 383m) and in Nakawa (Saaannah Bugolobi - UBC Link zuith a total length of 1,54Lm) 5.5 Upcoming Projects Starting in2020 In line with the Kampala Drainage Master Plan, the following drainage projects have been packaged and designed for financing under the KIIDP 2 additional funding.

Basin Channel Length Construction RAP (km) Cost(UGX) Cost(UGX) Lubigi Secondary 1(Kigwanya ) 0.69 2,360,3'1.4,072 1,518,348,858 Secondary 2 -Kabaale 0.32 1.,902,888,690 704,16'1.,789 Secondary 3- Nabisasiro 3.34 21,U3,123,079 7,349,688,678 Secondary 4 -Nakibinge 0.58 2,098,288,051. '1.,276,293,243 Secondary 5 -Bawalakata 1.58 9,930,62'1.,026 3,476,798,836 Secondary 6 -Kiwunya 2.46 1'1.,093,721.,020 5,413,243,757

Secondary 8 -Kawaala 3.02 1']..,339,358,698 6,645,526,889

Secondary 9 -Kiyanja 3.57 29,861.,M2,959 7,855,8M,965

Secondary 10 -Nsooba 2.34 15,513,474,735 5,'1.49,183,086

Kansaga Primary 7 27,82'i.,182,08 23,672,663,282 0 Kansanga Nkere crossing - Katwe 345,432,000 0 Crossings Katale zone crossing- 345,432,000 0 Sendisa Kirombe Lukuli in good 276,345,600 0 will village TembandekeZone - 621.,777,600 2'1.,999,250 Kasanga Seed school Lukuli-Konge crossing 967,209,600 0 Kiguddu zone crosing 552,691.,200 0 Kasanga -Gaba road - '1.,209,012,000 0 Kiwafu zone -Bunga Soya Heritage crossing- Cape 'I".,209,012,000 0 Munyoyo Katuuso-buzinga crossing 1.03,629,600 0 Bunga trading area crossing 207,259,200 0 1

19 I

Basin Channel Length Construction RAP (km) Cost(UGX) Cost(UGX) Bunga trading area crossing 207,259,200 0 2 Serwada crossing at buziga 207,259,200 0 St Mbuga crossing 207,259,200 0 Kirudu- Buzinga crossing 345,432,000 0 Nalukolon Nalukologo(Primary) 4 81.,017,258,400 13,103,319,253 ga Kinawatak Jinja road crossing(Oygas) 0 3,658,279,602 0 a Jinja road crossing(petrol ) 0 3,658,279,602 0 Kireka road 0 4,068,543,552 0 crossing(Katoogo) Lana road 0 3,178,279,602 0 Crossing(Kasokoko) Total 197,907,499,379 81,654,017433

7. CONCLUSION Madam Speaker, In conclusion, I request Parliament to:-

(i) Note the most flood prone areas in Kampala and the Metropolitan Area

(ii) Note that inadequate drainage infrastrucfure, encroachment on the channels, building in wetlands and waterways and poor behavioral practices (for garbage management) are the main causes of floods in Kampala and the Metropolitan Area.

(ii| Note the KCCA interventions being undertaken to address the drainage challenges and floods in Kampala.

(i") Note that the above interventions (or constructing drainage systems) shall require land acquisition in the drainage corridors and resettlement of affected persons.

(") Note that drainage challenges transcend the KCCA area of jurisdiction and that inveshents in KCCA area only will not address flooding problems in the Metropolitan Area.

20 ("i) Note the need for a Greater Kampala Metropolitan Drainage Master Plan, which requires the support and involvement of the Ministry of Local Government.

I beg to move.

BY: HON. B GWANYA

MINISTER STATE FOR KAMPALA CAPITAL CITY AND METROPOLITAN AFFAIRS

IUNE 2019

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