Handbook of Urology Urology Edited by J

HANDBOOK OF Urology Urology Edited by J. Kellogg Parsons, John B. Eifler and Misop Han Handbook of Urology Handbook of Urology Edited by J. Kellogg Parsons, MD, MHS, FACS Associate Professor of Urology Moores Comprehensive Cancer Center UC San Diego Health System La Jolla, CA, USA John B. Eifler, MD Resident, Urological Surgery The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA Misop Han, MD, MS Associate Professor of Urology and Oncology The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA This edition first published 2014 © 2014 by John Wiley and Sons, Ltd Wiley-Blackwell is an imprint of John Wiley & Sons, formed by the merger of Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing. Registered office: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial offices: 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, USA For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell The right of the author to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. 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The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to the use of medicines, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each medicine, equipment, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings and precautions. Readers should consult with a specialist where appropriate. The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that Internet Websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. No warranty may be created or extended by any promotional statements for this work. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for any damages arising herefrom. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Handbook of urology / edited by J. Kellogg Parsons, John B. Eifler, Misop Han. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-470-67256-3 (softback : alk. paper) – ISBN 978-1-118-71373-0 (Pub) – ISBN 978-1-118-71374-7 (PDF) – ISBN 978-1-118-71375-4 (Mobi) – ISBN 978-1-118-71376-1 I. Parsons, J. Kellogg. II. Eifler, John B. III. Han, Misop. [DNLM: 1. Urologic Diseases–Handbooks. 2. Female Urogenital Diseases–Handbooks. 3. Male Urogenital Diseases–Handbooks. WJ 39] RC871 616.6–dc23 2013013055 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Cover image: © James Benet istockphoto.com Cover design by Andrew Magee Design Ltd Set in Sabon 9pt/11.5pt Sabon by Aptara 01 2014 Contents Contributors, viii Preface to the First Edition, x Section 1 Infections 1 Infections of the urinary tract, 3 Mark W. Ball 2 Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Urologic Procedures, 12 Jeffrey K. Mullins Section 2 Urinary lithiasis 3 Nephrolithiasis: Etiology, Stone Composition, Medical Management, and Prevention, 23 Robert M. Turner II and Michelle Jo Semins 4 Nephrolithiasis: Evaluation and Surgical Treatment, 32 Bishoy A. Gayed and Michelle Jo Semins Section 3 Reproductive and Sexual Function 5 Male infertility, 43 Ahmed Magheli 6 Erectile dysfunction and Peyronie’s disease, 55 Jeffrey K. Mullins Section 4 Emergency Urology 7 Genitourinary trauma, 67 Adam Kern 8 Testicular torsion and trauma, 75 Adam Kern 9 Acute gross hematuria: etiology and management, 82 Kenneth Tseng 10 Priapism, 88 Debasish Sundi and Trinity J. Bivalacqua 11 Urinary fi stulae, 96 Adam Kern 12 Urethral stricture disease, 103 Debasish Sundi and Arthur L. Burnett v CONTENTS Section 5 Urine storage and emptying 13 Neurourology, 111 Ifeanyichukwu Anusionwu 14 Urogynecology, 116 Ifeanyichukwu Anusionwu 15 Interstitial cystitis and chronic pelvic pain, 123 Ifeanyichukwu Anusionwu Section 6 Oncology 16 Prostate Cancer Screening and Diagnosis, 129 John B. Eifl er 17 Prostate Cancer: Localized, 139 Stacy Loeb 18 Prostate cancer: treatment of metastatic disease, 149 John B. Eifl er 19 Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, 157 John B. Eifl er 20 Bladder cancer: superfi cial, 166 Ashley E. Ross and Trinity J. Bivalacqua 21 Invasive Bladder Cancer and Urinary Diversion, 173 Ashley E. Ross and Trinity J. Bivalacqua 22 Penile and urethral cancer, 180 Nicholas C. Field, Matthew Eric Hyndman 23 Ureteral and renal pelvic tumors, 189 Elias Hyams and Brian Matlaga 24 Angiomyolipoma, oncocytoma and retroperitoneal fi brosis, 199 Phillip M. Pierorazio 25 Malignant Renal parenchymal tumors, 208 Phillip M. Pierorazio 26 Adrenal Disorders, 217 Jeffrey K. Mullins 27 Testicular tumors, 228 Varun Sharma and Markus Margreiter Section 7 Congenital and Acquired Disease 28 Obstructing Congenital Anomalies of the Urinary Tract, 239 Kristina D. Suson 29 Developmental Abnormalities of the Genitalia: Disorders of Sexual Differentiation, Hypospadias, and Cryptorchidism, 247 Eric Z. Massanyi vi CONTENTS 30 Pediatric Urinary Infections, Vesicoureteral Refl ux, and Voiding Dysfunction, 254 Eric Z. Massanyi 31 Pediatric Genitourinary Oncology, 261 Eric Z. Massanyi 32 The Exstrophy–Epispadias Complex, 268 Kristina D. Suson 33 Bladder Augmentation, bladder neck reconstruction and continent diversions in children, 276 Angela D Gupta 34 End Stage Renal Disease and Transplantation, 280 Angela D Gupta Addendum Uropharmacology, 285 John B. Eifl er Index, 289 Color plate section can be found facing page 166 vii Contributors Ifeanyichukwu Anusionwu, MD Angela D. Gupta, MD Resident, Urological Surgery Resident, Urological Surgery The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology Department of Urology The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA Baltimore, MD, USA Mark W. Ball, MD Elias Hyams, MD Resident, Urological Surgery Instructor and Fellow The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology Department of Urology The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA Baltimore, MD, USA Trinity J. Bivalacqua MD, PhD Matthew Eric Hyndman MD, PhD Associate Professor of Urology and Oncology Attending Physician The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Rockyview General Hospital Department of Urology Calgary, AB, Canada The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Adam Kern, MD Baltimore, MD, USA Resident, Urological Surgery Arthur L. Burnett, MD, MBA The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Patrick C. Walsh Professor of Urology Department of Urology The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Department of Urology Baltimore, MD, USA The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Stacy Loeb, MD Baltimore, MD, USA Assistant Professor of Urology and Population Health John B Eifler, MD Department of Urology Resident, Urological Surgery New York University School of Medicine and The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Manhattan Veterans Affairs Medical Center Department of Urology New York, NY, USA The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Ahmed Magheli, MD, PhD Baltimore, MD, USA Attending Physician and Assistant Professor Nicholas C. Field, MD,

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