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ANALYSIS of ALTERNATIVES the Proposed Project Stretch Is a Single Consultancy services for development of new nh-544f starting from its junction with nh-44 near maruru (raptadu), anantapur district at km.0.000 connecting itukalapalli, husenapuram (tadipatri), nagireddipalli, nallagatla, giddalur, kagitaalagudem (cumbum), rayayaram, FORM-1 & nuzendla, kommalapadu, kavuru, phirangipuram, medikonduru, velavarthipadu and Terms of Reference (ToR) terminating at its junction with vijaywada inner ring road near pedda parimi, guntur district at km. 385.310 in the state of andhra pradesh (total length: 385.310 km) ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES The proposed project stretch is a single stretch from Ananthapuramu to Amaravathi alignment. For the alignment five possible options for development are suggested. The purpose of this chapter is to identify a environmentally feasible alignment for 4/6 lane expressway between Amaravthi to Ananthapuramu. The assessment of Alternative alignment for the proposed expressway is very challenging task due to presence of Wild Life Sanctuaries, reserve forests, towns, villages, water bodies, homestead, agriculture lands, non-agriculture areas, builtup areas, Tin sheds etc. In order to choose the best alignment various alternatives were analysed using Environmental Impact Assessment Decision Support System (EIADSS). The EIADSS analysis of the same is explained in detail in successive sections. Alternative Analysis Using EIADSS Alternative analysis was done using Environmental Impact Assessment Decision Support System (EIADSS). The alternative analysis is mainly aimed to mitigate the adverse social & environmental impacts in the project and make technically feasible and economic & financially viable alternative. The EIADSS system assists decision-makers to opt for Alternative Routes in Railways /Highway projects. The criteria used for comparing the project alternative routes are not limited to the impacts of the project on the physical environment such as natural resources and biological life, but also include the impacts on socio-economics, political affairs as well as financial and economics. Thus method is flexible enough to account for the user’s preferences in weighing the main categories of impacts criteria. The first step behind the conceptual basis of the EIADSS was to identify the environmental criteria that are susceptible to change due to proposed project construction or operation, and then categorize these criteria under main headings. The physical factors that were known to be responsible for changing the criteria conditions were then identified. All the possible conditions of these factors were determined and compiled in a questionnaire. The Impact criteria are mainly categorized in to five groups (viz. Natural Resource Impacts, Ecological Impacts, Socio- Economic Impacts, Political Impacts, and Financial & Economic Impacts). The weightage percentage could be finalized using Data Capturing Instrument (DCI) and for the proposed road connectivity project of this nature, the weightage percentage is as follows. Weighted Sl. No. Environmental category/group Percentage 1 Natural Resource Impacts 15 2. Ecological impacts 30 3. Socio-Economic Impacts 15 Consultancy services for development of new nh-544f starting from its junction with nh-44 near maruru (raptadu), anantapur district at km.0.000 connecting itukalapalli, husenapuram (tadipatri), nagireddipalli, nallagatla, giddalur, kagitaalagudem (cumbum), rayayaram, FORM-1 & nuzendla, kommalapadu, kavuru, phirangipuram, medikonduru, velavarthipadu and Terms of Reference (ToR) terminating at its junction with vijaywada inner ring road near pedda parimi, guntur district at km. 385.310 in the state of andhra pradesh (total length: 385.310 km) Weighted Sl. No. Environmental category/group Percentage 4. Political Impacts 15 5. Financial & Economic Impacts 25 Total 100 Each group again is sub-divided into different environmental aspects, which will be evaluated using ‘Environment Impact Score’ instrument, which is given in Table below. Table : Environmental Impact Score Instrument Sl No. Description Points 1 No Occurrence 10 2 No adverse impacts 9-6 3 Negligible impact (low impact & lo w probability of occurrence) 5-1 Minor Impact (abnormal conditions which causes breach to 4 (-)1 to (-)3 statutory regulations, effect and probability of occurrence are low) Significant Impact (the activity has an effect under normal 5 operating conditions and leading to breach of the statutory (-)4 to (-)6 regulations. Effects and probability of occurrence are moderate) Major Impact (the activity has a major effect under regular 6 operating conditions and leading to major breach of the statutory (-)7 to (-)10 regulations. Effects and probability of occurrence are extensive) The score of environmental aspects of each group was evaluated by using the ‘Environment Impact Score Instrument’. The expected positive and negative impacts to be relatively associated with the different factors and conditions were integrated in the EIADSS worksheets and the overall impact for the project alternative was calculated. Based on the highest marks scored, the project alternative shall be finalized. The five options for the alignment of Anantapur to Amaravathi are depicted from Figure 10.4.1 to 10.4.5. Consultancy services for development of new nh-544f starting from its junction with nh-44 near maruru (raptadu), anantapur district at km.0.000 connecting itukalapalli, husenapuram (tadipatri), nagireddipalli, nallagatla, giddalur, kagitaalagudem (cumbum), rayayaram, FORM-1 & nuzendla, kommalapadu, kavuru, phirangipuram, medikonduru, velavarthipadu and Terms of Reference (ToR) terminating at its junction with vijaywada inner ring road near pedda parimi, guntur district at km. 385.310 in the state of andhra pradesh (total length: 385.310 km) Figure 1 – Option 1 for the alignment Consultancy services for development of new nh-544f starting from its junction with nh-44 near maruru (raptadu), anantapur district at km.0.000 connecting itukalapalli, husenapuram (tadipatri), nagireddipalli, nallagatla, giddalur, kagitaalagudem (cumbum), rayayaram, FORM-1 & nuzendla, kommalapadu, kavuru, phirangipuram, medikonduru, velavarthipadu and Terms of Reference (ToR) terminating at its junction with vijaywada inner ring road near pedda parimi, guntur district at km. 385.310 in the state of andhra pradesh (total length: 385.310 km) Figure 2 – Option 2 for the alignment Consultancy services for development of new nh-544f starting from its junction with nh-44 near maruru (raptadu), anantapur district at km.0.000 connecting itukalapalli, husenapuram (tadipatri), nagireddipalli, nallagatla, giddalur, kagitaalagudem (cumbum), rayayaram, FORM-1 & nuzendla, kommalapadu, kavuru, phirangipuram, medikonduru, velavarthipadu and Terms of Reference (ToR) terminating at its junction with vijaywada inner ring road near pedda parimi, guntur district at km. 385.310 in the state of andhra pradesh (total length: 385.310 km) Figure 3 – Option 3 for the alignment Consultancy services for development of new nh-544f starting from its junction with nh-44 near maruru (raptadu), anantapur district at km.0.000 connecting itukalapalli, husenapuram (tadipatri), nagireddipalli, nallagatla, giddalur, kagitaalagudem (cumbum), rayayaram, FORM-1 & nuzendla, kommalapadu, kavuru, phirangipuram, medikonduru, velavarthipadu and Terms of Reference (ToR) terminating at its junction with vijaywada inner ring road near pedda parimi, guntur district at km. 385.310 in the state of andhra pradesh (total length: 385.310 km) Figure 4 – Option 4 for the alignment Consultancy services for development of new nh-544f starting from its junction with nh-44 near maruru (raptadu), anantapur district at km.0.000 connecting itukalapalli, husenapuram (tadipatri), nagireddipalli, nallagatla, giddalur, kagitaalagudem (cumbum), rayayaram, FORM-1 & nuzendla, kommalapadu, kavuru, phirangipuram, medikonduru, velavarthipadu and Terms of Reference (ToR) terminating at its junction with vijaywada inner ring road near pedda parimi, guntur district at km. 385.310 in the state of andhra pradesh (total length: 385.310 km) Figure 5 – Option 5 for the alignment Consultancy services for development of new nh-544f starting from its junction with nh-44 near maruru (raptadu), anantapur district at km.0.000 connecting itukalapalli, husenapuram (tadipatri), nagireddipalli, nallagatla, giddalur, kagitaalagudem (cumbum), rayayaram, FORM-1 & nuzendla, kommalapadu, kavuru, phirangipuram, medikonduru, velavarthipadu and Terms of Reference (ToR) terminating at its junction with vijaywada inner ring road near pedda parimi, guntur district at km. 385.310 in the state of andhra pradesh (total length: 385.310 km) 10.4.2 Selection of Sustainable Alternative Route for the Project The expressway from Ananthapuramu to Amaravati is absolutely a new proposal. To identify feasible alternative, five alternatives routes were studied for the alignment. The detailed descriptions of the alternatives identified for each alignment is discussed in the following Table. Table : Basic Criteria Considered for Evaluating the Alternative Routes from Ananthapuramu to Amaravathi S. No Parameter Option I Option II Option III Option IV Option V 1 Length (km) 385.310 385.15 408.4 395.9 421.4 2 Tunnel (km) 8.0 13.0 2.5 8.5 1 Length of Major 3 3.83 3.83 8.42 8.78 7.94 bridges (Km) 4 Forests (Km) 33 34 14 26 16 Barren & 5 Terrain Mostly barren Mostly Barren Barren & Agricultural Barren & Agricultural Agricultural Anantapuramu, Anantapuramu, Anantapuramu, Anantapuramu, Anantapuramu, Kadapa,
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