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Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Open File Report
l 122 EARTHQUAKES AND SEISMOLOGY - LEGAL ASPECTS OPEN FILE REPORT 92-2 EARTHQUAKES AND Ludwin, R. S.; Malone, S. D.; Crosson, R. EARTHQUAKES AND SEISMOLOGY - LEGAL S.; Qamar, A. I., 1991, Washington SEISMOLOGY - 1946 EVENT ASPECTS eanhquak:es, 1985. Clague, J. J., 1989, Research on eanh- Ludwin, R. S.; Qamar, A. I., 1991, Reeval Perkins, J. B.; Moy, Kenneth, 1989, Llabil quak:e-induced ground failures in south uation of the 19th century Washington ity of local government for earthquake western British Columbia [abstract). and Oregon eanhquake catalog using hazards and losses-A guide to the law Evans, S. G., 1989, The 1946 Mount Colo original accounts-The moderate sized and its impacts in the States of Califor nel Foster rock avalanches and auoci earthquake of May l, 1882 [abstract). nia, Alaska, Utah, and Washington; ated displacement wave, Vancouver Is Final repon. Maley, Richard, 1986, Strong motion accel land, British Columbia. erograph stations in Oregon and Wash Hasegawa, H. S.; Rogers, G. C., 1978, EARTHQUAKES AND ington (April 1986). Appendix C Quantification of the magnitude 7.3, SEISMOLOGY - NETWORKS Malone, S. D., 1991, The HAWK seismic British Columbia earthquake of June 23, AND CATALOGS data acquisition and analysis system 1946. [abstract). Berg, J. W., Jr.; Baker, C. D., 1963, Oregon Hodgson, E. A., 1946, British Columbia eanhquak:es, 1841 through 1958 [ab Milne, W. G., 1953, Seismological investi earthquake, June 23, 1946. gations in British Columbia (abstract). stract). Hodgson, J. H.; Milne, W. G., 1951, Direc Chan, W.W., 1988, Network and array anal Munro, P. S.; Halliday, R. J.; Shannon, W. -
USGS Geologic Investigations Series I-1963, Pamphlet
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR TO ACCOMPANY MAP I-1963 U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE SKYKOMISH RIVER 30- BY 60 MINUTE QUADRANGLE, WASHINGTON By R.W. Tabor, V.A. Frizzell, Jr., D.B. Booth, R.B. Waitt, J.T. Whetten, and R.E. Zartman INTRODUCTION From the eastern-most edges of suburban Seattle, the Skykomish River quadrangle stretches east across the low rolling hills and broad river valleys of the Puget Lowland, across the forested foothills of the North Cascades, and across high meadowlands to the bare rock peaks of the Cascade crest. The quadrangle straddles parts of two major river systems, the Skykomish and the Snoqualmie Rivers, which drain westward from the mountains to the lowlands (figs. 1 and 2). In the late 19th Century mineral deposits were discovered in the Monte Cristo, Silver Creek and the Index mining districts within the Skykomish River quadrangle. Soon after came the geologists: Spurr (1901) studied base- and precious- metal deposits in the Monte Cristo district and Weaver (1912a) and Smith (1915, 1916, 1917) in the Index district. General geologic mapping was begun by Oles (1956), Galster (1956), and Yeats (1958a) who mapped many of the essential features recognized today. Areas in which additional studies have been undertaken are shown on figure 3. Our work in the Skykomish River quadrangle, the northwest quadrant of the Wenatchee 1° by 2° quadrangle, began in 1975 and is part of a larger mapping project covering the Wenatchee quadrangle (fig. 1). Tabor, Frizzell, Whetten, and Booth have primary responsibility for bedrock mapping and compilation. -
Marine Shoreline Protection Assessment for Skagit County
Marine Shoreline Protection Assessment for Skagit County Shoreline property on Samish Island with Skagit Land Trust Conservation Easement. SLT files. Prepared for and with funding from: Skagit County Marine Resources Committee Prepared by: Kari Odden, Skagit Land Trust This project has been funded wholly or in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Environmental Protection Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Table of Contents Tables, Figures and Maps…………………………………………………………………………………..3 Introduction and Background…………………………………………………………………………….4 Methods…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….5 Results……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….8 Discussion…………………………………………………………………………………………………………24 Tidelands Analysis…………………………………………………………………………………………….25 Data limitations………………………………………………………………………………………………..31 References…………………………………………………………………………………………………….…32 Appendix A: Protection Assessment Data Index……………………………………………..………..33 Appendix B: Priority Reach Metrics…………………………………………………………..……………..38 Marine Shoreline Protection Assessment for Skagit Co Page 2 Tables Table 1: Samish Bay Management Unit Priority Reaches………………………………………..……...13 Table 2: Padilla Bay Management Unit Priority Reaches……………………………………………..….15 Table 3: Swinomish Management Unit Priority Reaches……………………………………………..….17 Table 4: Islands Management Unit Priority Reaches…………………………………………………….…19 -
The Wild Cascades
THE WILD CASCADES October-November 1969 2 THE WILD CASCADES FARTHEST EAST: CHOPAKA MOUNTAIN Field Notes of an N3C Reconnaissance State of Washington, school lands managed by May 1969 the Department of Natural Resources. The absolute easternmost peak of the North Cascades is Chopaka Mountain, 7882 feet. An This probably is the most spectacular chunk abrupt and impressive 6700-foot scarp drops of alpine terrain owned by the state. Certain from the flowery summit to blue waters of ly its fame will soon spread far beyond the Palmer Lake and meanders of the Similka- Okanogan. Certainly the state should take a mean River, surrounded by green pastures new, close look at Chopaka and develop a re and orchards. Beyond, across this wide vised management plan that takes into account trough of a Pleistocene glacier, roll brown the scenic and recreational resources. hills of the Okanogan Highlands. Northward are distant, snowy beginnings of Canadian ranges. Far south, Tiffany Mountain stands above forested branches of Toats Coulee Our gang became aware of Chopaka on the Creek. Close to the west is the Pasayten Fourth of July weekend of 1968 while explor Wilderness Area, dominated here by Windy ing Horseshoe Basin -- now protected (except Peak, Horseshoe Mountain, Arnold Peak — from Emmet Smith's cattle) within the Pasay the Horseshoe Basin country. Farther west, ten Wilderness Area. We looked east to the hazy-dreamy on the horizon, rise summits of wide-open ridges of Chopaka Mountain and the Chelan Crest and Washington Pass. were intrigued. To get there, drive the Okanogan Valley to On our way to Horseshoe Basin we met Wil Tonasket and turn west to Loomis in the Sin- lis Erwin, one of the Okanoganites chiefly lahekin Valley. -
AVALANCHE! Yell It Out! by Dave Galvin
AVALANCHE! Yell it out! by Dave Galvin We live and recreate in the corner of the globe (do globes really have corners?) with the largest snowfall on record (world record is held by Mt. Baker Ski Area @1,140 inches or 95 feet in 1998‐‘99, followed by Mt. Rainier ‐ Paradise@1,120 inches or 93 feet in 1971‐’72). Such snow accumulation, especially in big dumps such as happened over the weekend of February 17‐19, 2012, often leads to snow sliding downhill unexpectedly. With often deadly results. Avalanche photo from Wikipedia. Lawine.jpg @ Click on this link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lawine.jpg . Big Avalanches - YouTube www.youtube.com/watch?v=B0RWLxOFGLY ► 1:54► 1:54 and watch the 2‐minute clip. Turn off the annoying music that accompanies the hair‐raising video (the music implies a “yee‐ha, ride‐‘em” attitude that is disrespectful of those who have died). If your palms don’t sweat by the ending, you don’t have a pulse. Note one thing in the film clip above: how fast that snow was moving. You cannot out‐ski or out‐board the downhill momentum of an avalanche – one’s only hope, once caught, is to get off to the side, or to ride it out while staying near the surface and hope you have helpers nearby. The goal is to not get caught. More about hope below. An avalanche is “a sudden, drastic flow of snow down a slope, occurring when either natural triggers, such as loading from new snow or rain, or artificial triggers, such as snowmobilers, explosives or backcountry skiers, overload the snowpack.”1 Here in the Northwest, we typically have what are called “slab avalanches,” which react to a stress point and result in a whole section of snow (a slab) to break free and start to move downhill. -
Washington Alpine Club
Sahalie Historical Note # 9: Our Neighbors, Washington Alpine Club Right across the road from Sahalie Ski Club is a neighbor organization with a history as long and colorful as our own ‐‐actually even more so on both counts. The Washington Alpine Club was formed in 1916 by a remarkable early character in the outdoor Northwest: Anna Louise Strong. Anna Louise arrived in Seattle that year, a 30‐year‐old Ph.D., author, outdoor enthusiast and radical. She must have been somewhat intimidating ‐‐ a whirlwind in the young pioneer city of Seattle. She immediately organized five summer camping expeditions to Mt. Rainier, each with 40 to 50 participants. This group, known as the Cooperative Campers, formed the origins of the Washington Alpine Club.1 Anna Louise is credited with the first winter ascent of Mt. Hood, and served as a guide (the first female?) on Mt. Rainier. She was elected to the Seattle School Board, joined the Wobblies as a socialist sympathizer, and editorialized in support of the 1919 general strike. She eventually became so radicalized that she moved first to the Soviet Union and then to China, where she hobnobbed Anna Louise Strong c. 1913 (photo from with Mao and was buried with state honors in Beijing when U.W. Special Collections, #UW340) she died there in 1970.2 3 Quite the character, indeed! Her later exploits were so off the charts that “her name was an anathema to many [Washington Alpine] Club members.”4 The Cooperative Campers persisted after the founding whirlwind moved on. Renamed the Washington Alpine Club in 1927, it branched out into promotion of hiking, climbing, skiing and all‐things‐backcountry. -
Laconner Bike Maps
LaConner Bike Maps On andLaConner off-road bike routes Bike in LaConner,Maps West Skagit County, and with Regional Bike Trails June 2011 fireplaces, and private decks or balconies, The Channel continental breakfast, located blocks from the Lodge historic downtown. Ranked #1 Bed and Waterfront Breakfast in LaConner by TripAdvisor Members. boutique hotel 121 Maple Avenue, LaConner, WA 98257 with 24 rooms 800-477-1400, 360-466-1400 featuring www.wildiris.com private [email protected] balconies, gas fireplaces, Jacuzzi bathtubs, spa services, The Heron continental breakfast, business center, Inn & Day Spa conference room, and evening music and wine Elegant French bar in the lobby. Transient boat dock adjoins Country style the waterfront landing for hotel guests and dog-friendly, visitors. bed and PO Box 573, LaConner, WA 98257 breakfast inn 888-466-4113, 360-466-3101 with Craftsman www.laconnerlodging.com Style furnishings, fireplaces, Jacuzzi, full [email protected] service day spa staffed with massage therapists and estheticians, continental breakfast, located LaConner blocks from the historic downtown. Country Inn 117 Maple Avenue, LaConner, WA 98257 Downtown 360-399-1074 boutique hotel www.theheroninn.com with 28 rooms [email protected] providing gas fireplaces, Katy’s Inn Jacuzzi Historic building bathtubs, converted into cozy continental 4 room bed and breakfast, spa services, business center, breakfast with conference and 40-70 person meeting room private baths, wrap- facilities including breakout rooms, and around porch with adjoining bar and restaurant (Nell Thorne). views, patio, hot PO Box 573, LaConner, WA 98257 tub, continental 888-466-4113, 360-466-3101 breakfast, and cookies and milk at bedtime, www.laconnerlodging.com located a block from the historic downtown. -
Great American Outdoors Act Projects Mountains to Sound Greenway National Heritage Area
Great American Outdoors Act projects Mountains to Sound Greenway National Heritage Area Mountains to Sound Greenway-Heritage Area Multi Asset Recreation Investment Corridor The Mountains to Sound Greenway National Heritage Area is an iconic 1.5 million-acre landscape in Washington State, stretching across the Cascade Mountains from Central Washington to Puget Sound in Seattle. The Greenway promotes a healthy and sustainable relationship between people and nature by providing nearby parks and trails, connected wildlife habitat, places for culture and tradition, world-class outdoor recreation and education, working forests and local agricultural production, and thriving communities. The Greenway is valued by a broad cross-section of society, working together as an effective coalition to conserve this place and its heritage for future generations. When Congress passed the Great American Outdoors Act in 2020, we knew how important this legislation would be to the state of Washington. For 30 years the Mountains to Sound Greenway Trust has witnessed the positive impact access to nature brings to the region for public health, habitat and wildlife, and local economies. Many public agencies, nonprofit organizations, and individuals have worked tirelessly to sustain this abundant access to nature, with outdoor recreation gaining popularity each year. As public agency budgets and staff simultaneously shrink, the backlog of much-needed maintenance for trails and recreation areas has grown dramatically. The Great American Outdoors Act offers part of the solution to this maintenance backlog for public land management agencies, and will benefit all people who live, work and play in the Mountains to Sound Greenway and in public lands across the country. -
Lake Wenatchee/Plain Area Community Wildfire Protection Plan
FINAL Lake Wenatchee/Plain Area Community Wildfire Protection Plan July 2007 Prepared by Chelan County Conservation District with assistance from the Washington Department of Natural Resources, Chelan County Fire District #9, United States Forest Service and concerned citizens of Chelan County Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................1 Vision and Goals......................................................................................................1 Community Awareness ...........................................................................................1 Values .....................................................................................................................1 2. PLANNING AREA........................................................................................................2 General Description of the Area ..............................................................................2 General Description of Planning Area Regions ......................................................4 3. PLANNING PROCESS.................................................................................................7 Background..............................................................................................................7 Process and Partners ................................................................................................8 4. ASSESSMENT .............................................................................................................15 -
Seattle Alpine Scrambling Course 2020 Student Handbook
Seattle Alpine Scrambling Course 2020 Student Handbook Name __________________________________________ On the cover Photograph by Luke Helgeson Dumbell Mountain Seattle Alpine Scrambling Course – Student Handbook p 3 CONTENTS CONTENTS CONTENTS ....................................................................... 3 INTRODUCTION ............................................................... 4 COURSE TIMELINE ........................................................... 5 GRADUATION REQUIREMENTS ....................................... 6 COURSES AND BADGES REQUIRED TO GRADUATE ......... 7 RESPONSIBILITIES AND CLUB POLICIES ........................... 8 THE MOUNTAINEERS’ EMERGENCY PLAN ...................... 9 COURSE EXPECTATIONS - WORKSHOPS ........................ 10 COURSE EXPECTATIONS – FIELD TRIPS ......................... 11 COURSE EXPECTATIONS – EXPERIENCE TRIP ................ 12 CONDITIONING ............................................................. 13 CONDITIONING LOG ...................................................... 14 CHECKLIST – PRE-COURSE ............................................. 15 CHECKLIST – PRE-TRIP ................................................... 15 SCRAMBLE PACKING LIST .............................................. 16 10 ESSENTIALS ............................................................... 17 REQUIRED SCRAMBLING GEAR ..................................... 19 CAR KIT .......................................................................... 22 SUGGESTED GEAR ........................................................ -
Final Mountain Loop Road Repair Environmental Assessment
Figure 1-Vicinity Map, Location of Damage Forest-wide, 2003 Flood i Table of Content Chapter 1 –Need for Action ....................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1 Mountain Loop History, Desired Road Condition ............................................................................................. 1 October 2003 Flood Event ................................................................................................................................. 3 Need for Action .................................................................................................................................... 6 Proposed Action................................................................................................................................... 7 Proposed Repair at Milepost 33.1 (T30N, R11E, Section 29) ........................................................................... 7 Proposed Repair at Milepost 33.6 (T30N, R11E, Section 29) ......................................................................... 11 Proposed Repair at Milepost 34.8 (T30N, R11E, Section 28) ......................................................................... 16 Proposed Repair at Milepost 35.6 (T30N, R11E, Section 21) ......................................................................... 18 Project Scope..................................................................................................................................... -
Mo44*Uiscutu&I
Mo44*UIscUtu&i NATIONAL PARK I UNITED STATES Historic Events DEPARTMENT OF THE MOUNT INTERIOR 1792 Capt. George Vancouver, of the Royal OPEN British Navy, first white man to re HAROLD L. ICKES, Secretary ALL RAINIER cord sight of "The Mountain," named YEAR it Mount Rainier in honor of his NATIONAL PARK friend, Admiral Peter Rainier. WASHINGTON l9 41 1833 Dr. William Fraser Tomlie entered NATIONAL PARK SERVICE northwest corner of what is now the NEWTON B. DRURY, Director park. First white man to penetrate ADMINISTRATION BUILDING AT LONGMIRE this region. CO^TE^TS OUNT RAINIER NATIONAL with cinders and steam-shredded parti 1857 Lt. A. V. Kautz and four companions M PARK was established by act of cles, lumps of lava, and occasional flows Congress, approved by President Mc- Wild Flowers Color the Alpine made first attempt to scale Mount of liquid lava that have solidified into Kinley, March 2, 1899- A subsequent Meadows Cover Rainier but did not reach summit. layers of hard andesite rock. Judging act, January 31, 1931, extended the east "The Mountain" 3 by the steep inclination of the lava and boundary to the summit of the Cascade cinder layers visible in its flanks, it is Flowers and Forests 4 Range, the boundary recommended by thought to have once attained an alti Mount Rainier Summit Climb . 4 1870 Hazard Stevens and P. B. Van Trump the original bill. The park embraces tude of 16,000 feet. In subsequent ex Winter Sports 4 made the first successful ascent via 377.78 square miles (241,782 acres).