DOCSLIB.ORG

The Morphology and Anatomy of Crocus Flavus Weston

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Morphology and Anatomy of Crocus Flavus Weston TurkJBot 30(2006)175-180 ©TÜB‹TAK ResearchArticle TheMorphologyandAnatomyof Crocusflavus Westonsubsp. flavus (Iridaceae) CananÖZDEM‹R1,PelinBARAN1,YurdanurAKYOL2 1 CelalBayarUniversity,FacultyofArtsandScience,Manisa-TURKEY 2 EgeUniversity,FacultyofArtsandScience,‹zmir-TURKEY Received:1301.2005 Accepted:20.12.2005 Abstract: Themorphologicalandanatomicalcharacteristicsof Crocusflavus Westonsubsp. flavus (Iridaceae)wereinvestigated. Cross-sectionsoftheroot,stem,cormandleafpartsof C.flavus subsp.flavus wereexaminedandcross-sectionsoftheroot,stem andleafdemonstratedbyillustrations.Thecorm-tunicismembranous,splittingintoverticalfibresandlackingdistincthoriz ontal ringsatthebase.Thestyleisobscurelytrilobedorslightlydivided.Thesefeaturesarecharacteristicof C.flavus subsp.flavus. Differencessuchasshapeofleafkeelandbranchingofstyleweredeterminedbycomparingtheresultsobtainedfromthissubspecies withtheresultsobtainedfromtheothersubspecies Crocusflavus Westonsubsp.dissectusandspeciesofIridaceaeinprevious studies. KeyWords: Crocusflavus,Morphology,Anatomy Crocusflavus Westonsubsp.flavus (Iridaceae)ÜzerindeMorfolojikveAnatomikBirÇal›flma Özet: Buçal›flmada Crocusflavus Westonsubsp. flavus’unmorfolojikveanatomiközellikleriincelenmifltir.Anatomikçal›flmalarda bitkininkök,gövde,kormveyaprakk›s›mlar›ndanal›naneninekesitlerincelenmiflveeldeedilenbulgularçizimlerlegösterilm ifltir. Taksonunkormusörtüsününparalelfibrilliolmas›,tabandahalkal›yap›yasahipolmamas›vesitilusununk›smenüçparçal›oluflu bu taksoniçinkarakteristiközelliklerdir.Buçal›flmadaeldeedilensonuçlardi¤erbiralttürolan Crocusflavus Westonsubsp.dissectus ileveIridaceae’nindi¤ertürleriileilgiliyap›lanöncekiçal›flmalarilekarfl›laflt›r›lm›flt›r. AnahtarSözcükler: Crocusflavus,Morfoloji,Anatomi Introduction flavus subsp. flavus,thesubject ofthisstudy,tobe Turkeyhasarichvegetationduetoitsgeological foundexceptfortheknowledgepublishedinFloraof structure,geologicalpositionandclimatecharacters. Turkeyandchromosomestudies(Heywood,1983; Thegenus Crocus L.isrepresentedby36speciesin Davis,1984).Weaimedtogivedetailedknowledge Turkey(Güneretal., 2000).Manyspeciesofthefamily aboutthespeciesandcompareitwiththeotherspecies Iridaceaearegrowninparksandgardensasornamental ofIridaceae. plantsduetotheirbeautifulflowers(Baytop,1984). Some Crocus specieswereusedformakingdye, MaterialsandMethods perfumeandmedicamentsaslongagoas1600B.C.The saffroncrocus( Crocussativus L.)wasthefirsttobe Plantsampleswerecollectedfromthenatural cultivatedandhasbeengrownforeconomicpurposes populationin2003.Theywerepreservedinthe sinceancienttimes.Abdullaev(2003)pointedoutthat herbariumatCelalBayarUniversityFacultyofArtsand thesaffroncouldbeusefulincancerchemopreventionin Science,DepartmentofBiology.Sampleswerecollected theimmediatefuture.No Crocusspeciesexcept Crocus from: sativus weredefineduntilthe16 th century(Brightonet B1(Salihli-Bahçecikdistrict)foreston31.01.2003, al.,1980).Thereisnodetailedinformationabout C. 600m,(Baran014). 175 TheMorphologyandAnatomyof Crocusflavus Westonsubsp.flavus (Iridaceae) Thetaxonomicdescriptionoftheplantwascarried distinctwhitemedianstripe,pubescent.Theflowersare outaccordingtoDavis(1984).Freshsampleswereused usually1,sometimes2innumber.Theperianthsegments ineachcaseforexperimentalanalysisandmeasurements. aredarkyellowororangeandtheyare1-3.5 × 0.5-1.5 Anatomicalworkwascarriedoutusingfreshsamples cminsize.Thethroatperianthisyellow.Styleisshorter tissuestoredinalcohol(70%)andparaffin-infiltrated thananther.Itisyellow,dividedinto3short,usually tissues(Algan,1981).Crosssectionsofroot,stem,corm expandedbranches.Thefilamentisyelloworpaleorange andleaveswerecut. and2-5mminsize.Theanthersareyellowand8-12mm insize.Thecormofthetaxonisabout1-2.5cmin diameter,depressedglobose.Thecormtunicsare Results membranous,splittingintoverticalfibresandlacking MorphologicalProperties distincthorizontalringsatthebase(Figure1).The Theleavesofthetaxonare4-8,usually5innumber floweringperiodisFebruarytoApril.Theplantsare oneachplant.Theleavesareabout10-23cm × 1-4mm distributedfromsealevelto1200maltitude,inwoods, insize.Theseleavesareerect,synanthous,greenwitha scrubandgrassland. g b f h a c e l d Figure1.Generalappearanceof C.flavus subsp.flavus. a.plant(x0.75)b.perianthsegment(x1.65)c.style(x2)d.cormtunic(x0.75) e.stamen(x5)f.leaf(x0.75)g.fruit(x5)h.ovary(x2.5)l.seed(x10). 176 C.ÖZDEM‹R,P.BARAN,Y.AKYOL AnatomicalProperties Stem: Transversesectionofthestemshowsthatitis Root: Epidermissinglelayeredontheoutersurfaceof formedofepidermiscellswithnearlythesameheightand root.Intransversesectionthesecellsare4sidedandthin width,anditssizeis10-20 × 10-15µ.Cortexcellsare walled,8-10 × 6-10µinsize.Cortexis4-6layered, 1-5layeredunderepidermisandcelldiameteris15-60µ. ovoidalparenchymaticwithintercellularspaces.Diameter Thesecellshavenointercellularspaces.Vascularbundles ofthesecellsis50-62µ.Endodermiscellsare12-18× arelocatedtotheperipheryandcentreofstem.These 8-12µandtheyarethinwalled.Pericycleislocatedinside vascularbundlesvaryinsize.Thenumberofvascular endodermisandsizesofthesecellsare5-10 × 3-5µ. bundlesintheperipheralpartisusually8.Thenumber Singlemetaxylemispresentonthemedianpartof ofvascularbundlesinthecentreis4(Figure3.a,b, vascularcylinder.Fourxylemstrandsarepresentonthe Table1). peripheryofthevascularcylinderandthesestrandsreach thepericycle(Figure2,Table1). e 20µ m c en Figure2.Cross-sectionofrootof C.flavus subsp.flavus. e-epidermis;c-cortex;en-endodermis;m-metaxylem. Table1.Measurementsofvarioustissuesintransversesectionof C.flavus subsp.flavus. Width(µ) Length(µ) min.max. min.max. Root Epidermiscell 8-10 6-10 Endodermiscell 12-18 8-12 Diameterofparenchymacell 50-62 Metaxylemdiameter 20-50 Pericylecell 5-10 3-5 Stem Epidermiscell 10-20 10-15 Diameterofcortexcell 15-60 Diameteroftrachearyelement 10-20 Leaf Cuticle5-12 Adaxialepidermiscell 10-15 10-18 Abaxialepidermiscell 8-25 8-16 Corm Epidermiscell 5-12 15-25 Diameterofcortexcell 20-60 177 TheMorphologyandAnatomyof Crocusflavus Westonsubsp.flavus (Iridaceae) e c 180µ e c v v ab Figure3a.Cross-sectionofstemof C.flavussubsp.flavus b.enlargementoftheshownareaa. e-epidermis;c-cortex;v-vascularbundle. Leaf: Leaveshaveacentraltriangularkeeland2long Discussion lateralarmswiththeirmarginsrecurvedtowardsthe Inthisstudy,weaimedtodemonstratethe keel.Thecharacteristicpalestriperunningaxiallyalong characteristicsofC.flavussubsp.flavusbyevaluatingthe thecentreoftheleafiscausedbytheparenchymatous resultsobtainedfrommorphologicalandanatomical cellsinthekeel,whichlackchloroplastsandbreakdown investigations.Morphologicaldifferenceswere toformanairspace(Figure4.a,b).Bothadaxialand determinedbycomparingtheresultsobtainedfromthis abaxialsurfaces,exceptthepartsinthegrooveshavea subspecieswiththosepublishedontheothersubspecies thickcuticle.Theepidermisissinglelayeredonabaxial C.flavus subsp. dissectus andspeciesof Iridaceae in andadaxialsurfacesoftheleaf.Thesecellsareslightly previousstudies(Baytopetal.,1975;Özyurt,1978; furnishedwithpapillaeonthegroovepartsofthearms; Rudall&Mathew,1990).Thedifferencesobtainedinthis waywereexaminedinbothmorphologicalandanatomical stomataarepresentonthesegroovedparts.Mesophyll aspects.Inthestudydealingwith C. flavus subsp. cellsaremoreorlessuniforminshape.Vascularbundles dissectus, itwasdeterminedthatthistaxonis arelocatedinonerowandbelowtheabaxialepidermis. distinguishedfromC. flavus subsp. flavus bythestyle Thebundlesheathconsistsofsclerenchymaticcellsatthe beingdistinctlydividedintoseveralslenderbranches, phloempoleofmajorbundles(Figure4.a,b).Thewalls whichisunliketheobscurelytrilobeddividedstyleof C. ofabaxialepidermiscellsaresinuousinsurfacesections flavussubsp.flavus(Baytopetal.,1975). Thisdistinctive oftheleaf.Abaxialepidermishasstomatawhilethe characterofanobscurelytrilobeddividedstylewasalso adaxialepidermishasnostomata(Figure5.a,b,Table1). observedinthepresentstudy.Inourfindingsthe Corm: Thecormissurroundedbyscaleleaves.The investigatedspecieshaveleaveswhicharedistinctly pubescentonthesurfaceoftheblade.Thissamefeature epidermisissinglelayeredandcubical.Thecortexis hasbeenobservedinC.flavussubsp.dissectus(Baytopet multilayeredwithovoidalcells.Diameteroftheseis20- al.,1975). 60µ.Vascularbundlesarearrangedin3rings.The vascularbundlesinthecentreofthecormarelargerthan Inanatomicalstudiesithasbeendeterminedthatthe rootofthetaxonhas4protoxylemgroups.Therootdoes thoseinotherpartsofthecorm. nothavepith,insteadithasmetaxylem.Thesamefeature 178 C.ÖZDEM‹R,P.BARAN,Y.AKYOL e 32µ m v e v m ab Figure4a.Cross-sectionofleafof C.flavus subsp.flavus b.enlargementoftheshownareaa e.abaxialepidermis;m-mesophyll;v-vascularbundle. e s e 35µ ab Figure5a.Adaxialsurface-sectionofleafof C.flavus subsp.flavus b.Abaxialsurface-section s-stomatae-epidermalcell. hasbeenreportedontherootof CrocusaeriusHerbert, hasbeenobservedin R.columnae subsp. columnae, C. RomuleacolumnaeSebast.&Maurisubsp.columnaeand fleischeri andC.danfordia, whileithasnotbeenobserved Crocuspulchellus Herbert(Özyurt,1978;Kutbayetal., inthestemofC.pulchellus (Özdemiretal.,2004).While 2001).Thethickeningisnotclearonthewallsofthe theleavesoftheinvestigatedtaxonhaveacentralslightly endodermalcells,whilein C.fleischeri Gay, and C. triangularkeel,theleavesofother Crocusspecies havea danfordiaeMawthisthickeningisclearonthewallsof rectangularkeel(Özyurt,1978;Brightonetal.,1980). theendodermalcells(Özdemiretal.,2004).Accordingto Theleaveshaveapalestriperunningaxiallyalongthe theresultsofthisstudy,vascularbundlesarelocatedin centreoftheleaf.Thisisacommonfeatureinthegenus theperipheralandcentralpartsofthestem.Thisfeature (Rudall&Mathew,1990).Thecellsonthegroovedparts
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Nature Conservation
    J. Nat. Conserv. 11, – (2003) Journal for © Urban & Fischer Verlag http://www.urbanfischer.de/journals/jnc Nature Conservation Constructing Red Numbers for setting conservation priorities of endangered plant species: Israeli flora as a test case Yuval Sapir1*, Avi Shmida1 & Ori Fragman1,2 1 Rotem – Israel Plant Information Center, Dept. of Evolution, Systematics and Ecology,The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel; e-mail: [email protected] 2 Present address: Botanical Garden,The Hebrew University, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel Abstract A common problem in conservation policy is to define the priority of a certain species to invest conservation efforts when resources are limited. We suggest a method of constructing red numbers for plant species, in order to set priorities in con- servation policy. The red number is an additive index, summarising values of four parameters: 1. Rarity – The number of sites (1 km2) where the species is present. A rare species is defined when present in 0.5% of the area or less. 2. Declining rate and habitat vulnerability – Evaluate the decreasing rate in the number of sites and/or the destruction probability of the habitat. 3. Attractivity – the flower size and the probability of cutting or exploitation of the plant. 4. Distribution type – scoring endemic species and peripheral populations. The plant species of Israel were scored for the parameters of the red number. Three hundred and seventy (370) species, 16.15% of the Israeli flora entered into the “Red List” received red numbers above 6. “Post Mortem” analysis for the 34 extinct species of Israel revealed an average red number of 8.7, significantly higher than the average of the current red list.
    [Show full text]
  • AGS News, June 2013
    Issue 42 June 2013 Autumn Conference booking form PRICES 2-day residential delegates: AGS news £199 per person for one night’s B&B in a shared room at Stratford Manor Hotel, two Newsletter of the Alpine Garden Society hot buffet lunches and three-course Conference Dinner £238 per person for one night’s B&B in a single room at Stratford Manor Hotel, two hot buffet lunches and three-course Conference Dinner Day delegates: Pulsatilla book £55 for Saturday including lunch; £65 for Sunday including lunch The four-star Stratford Manor Hotel is just five minutes from the M40 and set in 21 to be published acres of landscaped grounds. It offers a range of spa and leisure facilities. Please tick as applicable or book on our website We would like to reserve two residential places in a shared room (total cost £398) in limited edition I would like to reserve a residential place in a single room (total cost £238) he Alpine Garden Society is proud to I/we would like to reserve .......... day delegate places for Saturday including lunch announce that it will publish what will (£55 each) T be seen as the definitive work on the genus I/we would like to reserve .......... day delegate places for Sunday including lunch Pulsatilla. (£65 each) Pasque-Flowers: The Genus Pulsatilla, by I/we would like to reserve .......... day delegate places for Saturday excluding lunch Christopher Grey-Wilson, will be issued in a (£40 each) limited edition. It will have a slip case and each I/we would like to reserve .........
    [Show full text]
  • Jānis Rukšāns Late Summer/Autumn 2001 Bulb Nursery ROZULA, Cēsu Raj
    1 Jānis Rukšāns Late summer/autumn 2001 Bulb Nursery ROZULA, Cēsu raj. LV-4150 LATVIA /fax + 371 - 41-32260 + 371 - 9-418-440 All prices in US dollars for single bulb Dear friends! Again, we are coming to you with a new catalogue and again we are including many new varieties in it, probably not so many as we would like, but our stocks do not increase as fast as the demand for our bulbs. We hope for many more novelties in the next catalogue. Last season we had one more successful expedition – we found and collected 3 juno irises never before cultivated (we hope that they will be a good addition to our Iris collection) and many other nice plants, too. In garden we experienced a very difficult season. The spring came very early – in the first decade of April the temperature unexpectedly rose up to +270 C, everything came up, flowered and finished flowering in few days and then during one day the temperature fell as low as –80 C. A lot of foliage was killed by a returned frost. As a result the crop of bulbs was very poor. The weather till the end of June was very dry – no rain at all, only hot days followed by cold nights. But then it started to rain. There were days with the relative air humidity up to 98%. The drying of harvested bulbs was very difficult. I was forced to clean one of my living rooms in my house, to heat it and to place there the boxes with Allium and Tulipa bulbs to save them from Penicillium.
    [Show full text]
  • Rock Garden Quarterly
    ROCK GARDEN QUARTERLY VOLUME 55 NUMBER 2 SPRING 1997 COVER: Tulipa vvedevenskyi by Dick Van Reyper All Material Copyright © 1997 North American Rock Garden Society Printed by AgPress, 1531 Yuma Street, Manhattan, Kansas 66502 ROCK GARDEN QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE NORTH AMERICAN ROCK GARDEN SOCIETY VOLUME 55 NUMBER 2 SPRING 1997 FEATURES Life with Bulbs in an Oregon Garden, by Molly Grothaus 83 Nuts about Bulbs in a Minor Way, by Andrew Osyany 87 Some Spring Crocuses, by John Grimshaw 93 Arisaema bockii: An Attenuata Mystery, by Guy Gusman 101 Arisaemas in the 1990s: An Update on a Modern Fashion, by Jim McClements 105 Spider Lilies, Hardy Native Amaryllids, by Don Hackenberry 109 Specialty Bulbs in the Holland Industry, by Brent and Becky Heath 117 From California to a Holland Bulb Grower, by W.H. de Goede 120 Kniphofia Notes, by Panayoti Kelaidis 123 The Useful Bulb Frame, by Jane McGary 131 Trillium Tricks: How to Germinate a Recalcitrant Seed, by John F. Gyer 137 DEPARTMENTS Seed Exchange 146 Book Reviews 148 82 ROCK GARDEN QUARTERLY VOL. 55(2) LIFE WITH BULBS IN AN OREGON GARDEN by Molly Grothaus Our garden is on the slope of an and a recording thermometer, I began extinct volcano, with an unobstructed, to discover how large the variation in full frontal view of Mt. Hood. We see warmth and light can be in an acre the side of Mt. Hood facing Portland, and a half of garden. with its top-to-bottom 'H' of south tilt• These investigations led to an inter• ed ridges.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Catalog
    Fall PLANT & BULB SALE PLANT CATALOG FRIDAY SEPTEMBER 28 SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 29 9 A.M. – 5 P.M. Members receive a FREE ADMISSION 10% DISCOUNT on all purchases. PRESENTING SPONSOR 10th & York Street ASSOCIATE SPONSORS botanicgardens.org TABLE OF CONTENTS ADMISSION & MEMBERSHIP Bulbs 1 Entry to Fall Plant & Bulb Sale is free on Saturday and Sunday. Visit botanicgardens.org Houseplants 9 for more information. Grown at the Gardens 10 Gardens members receive 10% off their purchases but must show their membership Pansies 11 card to receive the discount. Not a member yet? Stop by the Visitor Center before Notes 12 you shop and see our Visitor Services team! REFUND POLICY BRING YOUR WAGON! All products purchased at Fall Plant & Bulb We highly encourage guests to bring their own wagons, Sale are non-refundable. wheelbarrows or carts to allow for ease of transportation. We will have limited carts and baskets for use at the sale. FOOD & BEVERAGE THE SHOP AT THE GARDENS Offshoots Café and The Hive Garden Bistro will • Your garden needs more than just plants! Stop by the Shop at the Gardens for gardening equipment, outdoor décor, fountains, pots and more. be open featuring full menus throughout • Open during Fall Plant & Bulb Sale. the sale. • Members receive 10% off all Shop purchases. PARKING, TRANSPORTATION, AND PLANT VALET • After exiting the Gardens, leave your cart at Plant Valet in front of the Visitor CONCERNED ABOUT Center while you retrieve your vehicle. Vehicle loading is permitted in the NEONICOTINOIDS? parking cutout on York Street just south of the Visitor Center. The plants grown by Denver Botanic Gardens • Free parking is located across from the Visitor Center in the Gardens’ parking for sale at Fall Plant & Bulb Sale have not been garage.
    [Show full text]
  • Eco-Biological Characteristics of Medicinal Plants in the Maintained Reserve “Balabana” (The River Tundzha Hilly Valley)
    353 Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 19 (No 2) 2013, 353-360 Agricultural Academy ECO-BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN THE MAINTAINED RESERVE “Balabana” (thE RIVER TUNDZHA HILLY VALLEY) S. GEORGIEV1, A. TASHEV2 and K. KOEV1 1 University of Plovdiv, Faculty of Biology, BG - 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria 2 Forestry University, Faculty of Forestry, BG - 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria Abstract GEORGIEV, S., A. TasHEV and K. KOEV, 2013. Eco-biological characteristics of medicinal plants in the maintained reserve “Balabana” (the river Tundzha hilly valley). Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 19: 353-360 In the present work we investigated medicinal plants of the flora of the maintained reserve “Balabana”, located in the middle reaches of the river Tundhza, near Elhovo (Tundzha hilly valley). A characteristic was made of the systematic structure of the eco-biological features of these plants. The species were grouped in biological groups, life forms, floral elements and flowering period. Medicinal plants were also classified according to their relation to water, light, heat and substrate. Key words: the maintained reserve “Balabana”, flora, medicinal plants, eco-biological characteristics Introduction The subject of this study is to make characteristics of medicinal plants in the maintained reserve (MR) “Bala- The purpose of this study is based on our fieldwork bana” (77.0 ha), located in the middle reaches of the river and analysis of literature data to be made a list and eco-bi- Tundzha, near the town of Elhovo. The reserve was pro- ological characteristics of medicinal plants set within the claimed with Order No 2676/10.03.1961, of GDF, with maintained reserve “Balabana” (Tundzha hilly valley).
    [Show full text]
  • Gardens and Stewardship
    GARDENS AND STEWARDSHIP Thaddeus Zagorski (Bachelor of Theology; Diploma of Education; Certificate 111 in Amenity Horticulture; Graduate Diploma in Environmental Studies with Honours) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy October 2007 School of Geography and Environmental Studies University of Tasmania STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICITY This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for any other degree or graduate diploma by the University of Tasmania or in any other tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, this thesis contains no copy or paraphrase of material previously published or written by other persons, except where due acknowledgement is made in the text of the thesis or in footnotes. Thaddeus Zagorski University of Tasmania Date: This thesis may be made available for loan or limited copying in accordance with the Australian Copyright Act of 1968. Thaddeus Zagorski University of Tasmania Date: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis is not merely the achievement of a personal goal, but a culmination of a journey that started many, many years ago. As culmination it is also an impetus to continue to that journey. In achieving this personal goal many people, supervisors, friends, family and University colleagues have been instrumental in contributing to the final product. The initial motivation and inspiration for me to start this study was given by Professor Jamie Kirkpatrick, Dr. Elaine Stratford, and my friend Alison Howman. For that challenge I thank you. I am deeply indebted to my three supervisors Professor Jamie Kirkpatrick, Dr. Elaine Stratford and Dr. Aidan Davison. Each in their individual, concerted and special way guided me to this omega point.
    [Show full text]
  • JOURNAL of JOURNAL of BOTANY Morphological and Anatomical Investigations of Romulea Bulbocodium Var. Bulbocodium and Romulea Bu
    Thaiszia - J. Bot., Košice, 21: 65-72, 2011 THAISZIA http://www.bz.upjs.sk/thaiszia JOURNAL OF BOTANY Morphological and anatomical investigations of Romulea bulbocodium var. bulbocodium and Romulea bulbocodium var. leichtliniana (Iridaceae) CANAN ÖZDEMIR *, BAHITTIN BOZDA Ğ, YURDANUR AKYOL , UĞUR ŞEN , HAKAN SEPET , KADRIYE YETI ŞEN Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Celal Bayar University, Manisa- Turkey *Corresponding author: Phone: + 90 533 661 63 73; e-mail: [email protected] Özdemir C., Bozda ğ B., Akyol Y., Şen U., Sepet H. & Yeti şen K. (2011): Morphological and anatomical investigations of Romulea bulbocodium var. bulbocodium and Romulea bulbocodium var. leichtliniana (Iridaceae). – Thaiszia – J. Bot. 21: 65-72. – ISSN 1210-0420. Abstract: In this study, the morphological and anatomical features of Romulea bulbocodium var bulbocodium L. and Romulea bulbocodium (L.) Seb. & Mauri var. leichtliniana (Heldr. ex Hal.) Bég were studied. In the morphological part of the study, features of various organs of the plants such as corm, scape, leaf and flower were determined and illustrated. In anatomical studies, cross- section of the plants root, scape and leaf parts were examined and demonstrated. The anatomical properties of the two varieties were determined to be similar to each other and also to other species of the genus Romulea . The aim of this study is to demonstrate the characteristics of the two taxa evaluating the results obtained from morphological and anatomical investigations. Keywords: Iridaceae, anatomy, morphology , Romulea bulbocodium . Introduction Romulea Maratti is a member of the subfamily Crocoideae (syn. Ixioideae) in the family Iridaceae. Ixioideae, with over 800 species and about 30 genera, is the largest subfamily of Iridaceae (KUTBAY et al .
    [Show full text]
  • Spring Flowering Bulbs for Kentucky Gardens
    HortFacts 52-04 SPRING FLOWERING BULBS FOR KENTUCKY GARDENS Robert G. Anderson, Extension Specialist in Floriculture Spring flowering bulbs are an important part of the landscape in Kentucky. Crocus and daffodils tell us that spring is on its way and red tulips are a Derby Day tradition. These flowers are recognized by most people but there are many other spring flowering bulbs that can be used around your home. Hundreds of different kinds of flower bulbs are available for fall planting. You may obtain them from mail order bulb companies, garden centers, supermarkets or department stores. Some are familiar and others have long, hard-to-pronounce names. Generally, spring flowering bulbs do very well the first spring after they are planted. Yet, many home gardeners want the bulbs to come back year after year or naturalize in their home landscape. Continuing trials at the UK College of Agriculture's Arboretum and Horticulture Research Farm have focused on the naturalization of spring flowering bulbs. Bulbs planted in various sites and given different types of care have been observed through four spring flowering seasons. The following list of recommended bulbs for Kentucky landscapes is based on these trials. Planting Site Well-drained sites are essential. Established gardens and Wind Flower – ‘Radar’ beds or newly cultivated areas are fine. The soil pH should be 6.0 to 7.0. Bulbs will not do well in heavy clay soils, so poor soils should be amended with compost, peat moss or other organic matter. Most bulbs prefer a site that does not receive full sunlight in the middle of the day.
    [Show full text]
  • The Morphological and Anatomical Studies on Endemic Crocus Biflorus Miller Subsp
    Pak. J. Bot., 46(2): 573-578, 2014. THE MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL STUDIES ON ENDEMIC CROCUS BIFLORUS MILLER SUBSP. PULCHRICOLOR (HERBERT) MATHEW (IRIDACEAE) IN TURKEY YURDANUR AKYOL Directorate of National Education, Manisa Science and Art Center, 45020, Manisa, Turkey Corresponding e-mail: [email protected] Abstract In this study, the morphological and anatomical characteristics of Crocus biflorus subsp. pulchricolor (Iridaceae) were investigated. The subsp. pulchricolor has 4 leaves, 1 mm broad; bracts drying brownish. These properties are characteristics of these plants. In anatomical studies, cross-sections of the root, stem and leaves were examined. These parts photographed and compared with the other Crocus species and Iridaceae family species. Introduction sizes of each species were taken by using ocular- micrometer. Minimum, maximum, mean and standard The Crocus genus is one of the members of the deviations were determined. family of Iridaceae. The plants in this family are herbs with rhizomes, corms or bulbs. Iridaceae is a large and Results diverse family of about 92 genera and 1800 species and mainly distributed in the Southern hemisphere continents Morphological findings: Plant 11-12 cm length, corm (Ali & Mathew, 2000). It is represented by 37 species in tunic membranous with toothed rings at base, 1 cm Turkey (Güner et al., 2000). diameter. Leaves usually 4, synanthous, 0.5-1 mm broad. Different Crocus species have received attention by The leaves usually exceeding the plant. Prophyll absent. several workers, who have concentrated on the Bracteole is present, subequal to bract. Throat of perianth morphology (e.g., Mathew, 1984) and anatomy (Akan & pale yellow, glabrous or finely papillose; segments 2.2 x Eker, 2004; Özdemir & Akyol, 2005; Özdemir et al., 2004, 0.5 cm, obtuse, deep blue violet, exterior sometimes 2006; Kerndorff & Pasche, 2003, 2004, 2006; Akan et al., prominently striped, veined, speckled or stained with 2007; Satıl & Selvi, 2007; Özdemir & Kılınç, 2008).
    [Show full text]
  • Morphological and Anatomical Studies on Two Endemic Crocus Species of Turkey Area
    Pak. J. Bot., 36(1): 103-113, 2004. MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL STUDIES ON TWO ENDEMIC CROCUS SPECIES OF TURKEY AREA CANAN ÖZDEMİR, YURDANUR AKYOL AND EMİNE ALÇITEPE Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Science, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. Abstract Morphological and anatomical characteristics of Crocus danfordiae Maw and C. fleischeri Gay which are endemic to small areas of Turkey were investigated. C. fleischeri has flowers with stained purple at base and on tube, C. danfordiae has anthers with black basal lobes at it’s base. These properties are characteristics for the investigated species. In anatomical studies, cross section of C. danfordiae and C. fleischeri root, stem and leaf parts were examined and demonstrated. Introduction Iridaceae is a large and diverse family of about 92 genera and c. 1800 species mainly distributed in the southern hemisphere (Ali & Mathew, 2000). The Crocus genus has been represented by 32 species in Turkey. Many species of the Iridaceae family are grown in parks and gardens as ornamental plants due to it’s beautiful flower (Baytop, 1984). Crocus species have been used as a dye, perfume and medicament since1600 B.C. The saffron crocus (C. sativus L.) is in cultivation as an economic plant since very ancient times. After saffron, the numbers of crocus species brought into cultivation has gradually increased (Brighton et al., 1980). The classic work on crocus is the monograph of the genus by Maw (1886). Not much information is available on C. fleischeri and C. danfordiae. The aim of the present paper to provide information about the two economically important endemic species.
    [Show full text]
  • The Canary Islands
    The Canary Islands Naturetrek Tour Report 23 February – 2 March 2019 Canary Bellflower by Jessica Turner Mount Teide by Andrew Bray Euphorbia atropururea by Jessica Turner Barbary Partridge by Andrew Bray Report and images by Jessica Turner and Andrew Bray Naturetrek Mingledown Barn Wolf's Lane Chawton Alton Hampshire GU34 3HJ UK T: +44 (0)1962 733051 E: [email protected] W: www.naturetrek.co.uk Tour Report The Canary Islands Tour participants: Andrew Bray and Jessica Turner (leaders) together with 16 Naturetrek clients Summary The Canary Islands may be well-known as a general tourist destination, but they contain a wealth of natural treasures, and we were fortunate to experience many of them. Their isolation has given rise to many endemic species and subspecies, of which the great views of Tenerife Blue Chaffinch in perfect light were a highlight for many. We marvelled over the flora, so different to that of mainland Europe, and enjoyed the various species of lizards, plus the butterflies and other invertebrates we encountered. The day on La Gomera was a delight, not least for the numbers of Cory’s Shearwaters, whales and dolphins, plus the White-faced Storm Petrels we encountered. Lovely weather with plenty of sunshine, comfortable accommodation, good food and great company all made for an excellent week. Day 1 Saturday 23rd February Fly to Tenerife South – La Chafiras – Road to Vilaflor Fifteen tour group members met with Andrew and Jessica at Gatwick’s North Terminal for the 6.50am Easyjet flight to Tenerife South Airport. After a bit of a delay due to fog at Gatwick, we landed on the island at around 12.15pm, meeting up with our last group member, who had arrived on the island the previous day.
    [Show full text]