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U.S. D epartm ent of Transportation Passenger Train Federal Railroad Administration Equipment Review Report Office of Reisearch Volume 2. Propulsion System and Development Components and Future Train Washington, D.C. 20590 Energy Consumption FRA/ORD-81/45.2 MAY 1981 Document is avail­ able to the U.S. public through the National Final Report Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161 Operations . Passenger NOTICE This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for the contents or use thereof. 'T h e United States Governmient does not endorse products or manu­ facturers. Trade or manufacturers' names appear herein solely because, they are considered essential to the object of this report. Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. FRA/ORD-81/45.2 4. Title end Subtitle 5. Report Dote Passenger Train Equipment Review Report: Volume 2. May 1981 Propulsion System Components and Future Train Energy 6. Performing Organization Code Consumption 8. Performing Organization Report No. 7. Authors) IPEEP Train System Review Team* 9, Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) Unified Industries Incorporated 6551 Loisdale Court, Suite 400 11. Contract or Grant No. Springfield, Virginia 22150 DTFR53-81-P-00189 13. Type of Report and Period Covered 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address U.S. Department of Transportation Final February-May 1981 Federal Railroad Administration Office of Research and Development 14. Sponsoring Agency Code ■ Washington, D.C. 20590 RRD-21 Soppiementory Notes wgattelle Columbus Laboratories; Camegie-Mellon University, Transportation Research Institute; Louis T. Klauder and Associates; J. W. Marchetti, Incorporated; and Unified Industries Incorporated 16. Abstract Early in 1977, the Federal Railroad Administration, Office of Research and Development, initiated the Improved Passenger Equipment Evaluation Program (IPEEP), which was designed as a detailed systematic review of advanced passenger trains and equipment throughout the world that could possibly be used in the United States. During the course of this program, the members of the IPEEP Train System Review- Team prepared 24 technical papers, in addition to the basic set of IPEEP reports covering baseline data and individual train reviews and a separate report on train performance methodology. 1 . These 24 technical papers have been arranged in six volumes under the main title, Passenger Train Equipment Review Report. The volume subtitles are Volume 1. Advanced Propulsion Systems and Propulsion Systems Requirements, Volume 2. Propulsion System Components and Future Train Energy Consumption, Volume 5. Suspension and Guidance Systems, Volume 4. Braking Systems, Volume 5. Banking Systems and Train Articulation, and Volume 6. Car Body Construction and Crashworthiness. This volume of six papers covers traction motor drives, modem slip detection and control systems for electric locomotives and multiple-unit cars, onboard high-voltage switchgear for electric locomotives and multiple-unit cars, high-voltage protection and switching control for Northeast Corridor vehicles, pantographs, and the energy consumption of future passenger trains. 17. Key Words 18. Distribution Stotemont Rail Vehicles and Components Document is available to the U.S. public , Propulsion Systems through the National Technical Informa­ Electrification tion Service, Springfield, Virginia Energy 22161 19. Security Clossif. (of this report) 20. Security Clossif. (of this page) 21* No. of Pages 2 2. P ric e Unclassified Unclassified 302 Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of completed poge authorized i PREFACE The Improved Passenger Equipment Evaluation Program (IPEEP) constitutes a major research effort undertaken by the Federal Railroad Administration, Office of Research and Development, Office of Freight and Passenger Systems, to evalu­ ate advanced passenger train technology throughout the world. The goal of this program is to provide the technical data and detailed analysis needed for the definition of an advanced passenger train system for future use on intercity passenger lines in the United States, especially in the heavily traveled North­ east Corridor (NEC) between Boston and Washington, D.C. Between 1977 and 1980, an extensive technology evaluation effort was under­ taken by the IPEEP Train System Review Team, consisting of Battelle Columbus Laboratories; Camegie-Mellon University, Transportation Research Institute; Louis T. Klauder and Associates; J. W. Marchetti, Inc.; and Unified Industries Incorporated. The review team prepared a basic nine-volume set of IPEEP reports covering baseline data (volume 1) and individual train reviews (volumes 2 through ; 9), plus an additional report on train performance.methodology. These documents may be ordered from the National Technical Information Service. During the same period, the members of the review team also prepared 24 work­ ing papers and criteria papers on various aspects of advanced passenger train technology. These technical papers have been arranged in six volumes (of which this is one) under the following titles: Passenger Train Equipment Review Report: Volume 1. Advanced Propulsion Systems and Propulsion System Requirements. Passenger Train Equipment Review Report: Volume 2. Propulsion System Components.and Future Train Energy Consumption. Passenger Train Equipment Review Report: Volume 3. Suspension and Guidance Systems. Passenger Train Equipment Review Report: Volume 4. Braking Systems. Passenger Train Equipment Review Report: Volume 5. Braking Systems and Train Articulation. Passenger Train Equipment Review Report: Volume 6. Car Body Construe- tion and Crashworthiness. These six volumes are being published to serve as a supplement to the basic .IPEEP reports and to thereby provide the U.S. railroad community with additional technical information on a wide variety of passenger train technology issues. All the papers in these volumes, together with the names of the authors and the original dates of completion, are given in the appendix included in each volume. All six volumes are available from the National Technical Information Service. i i METRIC CONVERSION FACTORS 9 Approximate Conversions to Metric Measures Approximate Conversions from Metric Measures Symbol When You Know Multiply by To Find Symbol Symbol When You Know Multiply by To Find Symbol 8 LENGTH LENGTH -19 mm millimeters 0.04 inches in cm centimeters 0.4 inches in ‘ meters 3.3 in inches •2.6 cm „ — m feet ft centimeters 7 ft feet 30 centimeters cm —3 m meters 1.1 yards yd yd yards 0.9 meters m km kilometers 0.6 miles mi ml miles 1.6 kilometers km AREA AREA J i l l r— — =r cm2 square centimeters 0.16 square inches in* in2 square inches 6.6 square centimeters cm* s m2 square meters 1.2 square yards yd* ft* square feet 0.09 square meters m2 km2 square kilometers 0.4 square miles mi* yd* square yards 0.8 square meters m2 Ss ha hectares (10,000 m *) 2.6 acres mi* square miles 2.6 square kilometers km* --- = acres 0.4 hectares ha 5= Ill *** MASS (weight) MASS (weight) | f - ilili g grams 0.035 ounces OZ oz ounces 28 grams 8 i f 11 kg kilograms 2 . 2 pounds lb lb pounds 0.46 kilograms kg ~ t tonnes (1000 kg) 1.1 short tons short tons 0.9 tonnes t 4-------------- = § f------------- 10 (2000 lb) VOLUME = -------------- g VOLUME ml milliliters 0.03 fluid ounces tsp teaspoons 6 milliliter^ ml -------8 fl oz liters Tbsp tablespoons 16 milliliters ml 3 — i 2.1 pints Pt <s i liters 1.06 quarts qt fl oz fluid ounces 30 milliliters ml “ IT 7 c cups 0.24 liters i i=5 liters 0.26 gallons gal pints 0.47 liters m4 cubic meters 36 cubic feet ft* pt i -— qt quarts 0.95 liters i -------6 m3 cubic meters 1.3 cubic yards yd* gal gallons 3.8 liters i ft* cubic feet 0.03 cubic meters m3 2 — TEMPERATURE (exact) yd* cubic yards 0.76 cubic meters m3 ___= TEMPERATURE (exact) — °C Celsius 9/6 (then Fahrenheit °F temperature add 32) temperature 3 °F Fahrenheit 6/9 (after Celsius °c temperature subtracting temperature 1 ---- - °F oF 32) ___Z 32 98.6 212 40 0 40 80 120 160 2001 I l l I 1 i 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 ! 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I 1 1 *1 In. “ 2.64 cm (exactly). For other exact conversions and more detail tables sea 1 t ' | i i 1 I 1 | 1 N as Misc. Publ. 286. Units of Weight and Measures. Price $2.26 SO Catalog 40 -2 0 20 40 60 80 100 No. C13 10 286. inches cm °C 37 °C TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PART 1. TRACTION MOTOR DRIVES 1.0 CONCLUSIONS 1-1 2.0 INTRODUCTION 1-3 3.0 EARLY DRIVES 1-5 4.0 AXLE HUNG PARALLEL DRIVES 1-11 5.0 SHOCK MOUNTED DERIVATIONS OF AXLE HUNG PARALLEL DRIVES 1-16 6.0 TRUCK FRAME MOUNTED MOTORS 1-22 7.0 TRUCK FRAME MOUNTED MOTORS AND GEAR UNITS 1-31 8.0 BODY MOUNTED MOTORS 1-43 9.0 MAINTENANCE CONSIDERATIONS - 1-55 PART 2. REVIEW OF MODERN SLIP DETECTION AND CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES AND MULTIPLE-UNIT CARS 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2-1 2.0 INTRODUCTION 2-3 3.0 BASIC ADHESION PRINCIPLES 2-5 . 4.0 SLIP DETECTION AND CORRECTION METHODOLOGY 2-27 5.0 MODEKN SLIP DETECTION AND CORRECTION SYSTEMS 2-35 6.0 REFERENCES 2-43 i v TABLE OF CONTENTS - C o n t in u e d Page PART 3. ON-BOARD HIGH VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR FOR M.U. CARS AND LOCOMOTIVES 1.0 SUMMARY 3-1 2.0 INTRODUCTION 3-3 3.0 LIGHTNING ARRESTERS 3-11 4.0 CIRCUIT BREAKERS 3-15 5.0 POTENTIAL AND CURRENT MEASUREMENT 3-28 6.0 BUS COUPLING 3-31 7.0 INSULATION AND MOUNTING 3-35 PART 4. NEC VEHICLE HIGH VOLTAGE PROTECTION AND SWITCHING CONTROL 1.0 SUMMARY 4-1 2.0 INTRODUCTION 4-3 3.0 AUTOMATIC VC/PB NEGOTIATION SYSTEM 4-8 4.0 VEHICLE PRIMARY OVERLOAD PROTECTION 4-30 5.0 OVERLOAD PROTECTION 4-39 PART 5.
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