1911. CONGRESSIONAL ~ RECORD-SENATE. 177

SENATE. MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. A message from the House of Representatives, by J. C. South, MONDAY, December 11, 1911. its Chief Clerk, announced that the House had passed the fol­ lowing bills, in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate: The Senate met at 2 o'clock p. m. H. R. 13278. An act to authorize the construction of a bridge Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. Ulysses G. B. Pierce, D. D. across Caddo Lake, in Louisiana ; and WILLIAM 0. BRADLEY, a Senator from the State of Kentucl{y; H. R.13988. An act to authorize the Director of the Census to WILLIAM LORIMER, a Senator from the State of Illinois; JAMES collect and publish additional statistics of tobacco. A. O'GoRMAN, a Senator from the State of New York; and ROBERT L. OWEN, a Senator from the State of Oklahoma, ap­ PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. peared in their seats to-day. The PRESIDENT pro tempore presented a petition of the Na­ The Journal of the proceedings of Thursday last was read tional Indian War Veterans' Association, praying for the en­ and approved. actment of legislation granting pensions to those who served Sundry messages in writing from the President of the United the Government from 1865 to 1800, which was referred to the States were communicated to the Senate by M. C. Latta, one of Committee on Pensions. the President's secretaries. He also presented a petition of the Philadelphia Brigade .As­ RAILROAD SECURITIES COMMISSION (H. DOC. NO. 256). sociation, Grand Army of the Republic, of Pennsylvania, pray­ The PilESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the in~ for the passage of the so-called old-age pension bill, which following message from the President of the United States, was referred to the Committee on Pensions. He also presented a res~lution adopted by the Confercnre for which was read, and, with accompanying paper, referred to the Panama Canal Free '.rolls for Coastwise Commerce, held at Committee on Interstate Commerce and ordered to be printed: Washington, D. C., favoring the enactment of legislation author­ To the Senate and House of Representatives: izing free tolls through the Panama Canal for vessels engaged I transmit herewith for your consideration the report which in domestic commerce between the ports of the United States, has been made to me by the Railroad Securities Commission, which was referred to the Committee on Interoceanic Canals. appointed under the authority of section 1G of the act to create He also presented a memorial of the Federation of Labor, of a Commerce Court, approved June 18, 1910 (36 Stat., 556). The Cleveland, Ohio, remonstrating against the repeal or modifica­ report evidences for itself the careful consideration which it tion of the present currency system, which was referred to the has received from the commission, and I heartily concur in the Committee on Finance. · recommendations it contains and urge that appropriate action Re also presented a memorial of the congregation of the South be taken to carry these recommendations into effect. Texas Seventh-day Adventist Church, of Houston, Tex.. WM. H. TAFT. remonstrating against the enforced observance of Sunday as a THE WHITE HOUSE, December 11, 1911. day of rest in the District of Columbia, which was ordered to ISTHMIAN CANAL COMMISSION (H. DOC. NO. 162). lie on the table. He also presented a petition of the Chamber of Commerce of The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the fol­ New York, praying for the ratification of all arbitration treaties' lowing message from the President of the United States, which now pending before the Senate and the approval of the Nica­ was read, ordered to be printed, and, with the accompanying raguan and Honduran conventions, which was referred to the paper, referred to the Committee on Internceanic Canals: Committee on Foreign Relations. To the Senate and House of Representatives: • He also presented a petition of the Board of Foreign Mis­ I transmit herewith, pursuant to the requirements of chapter sions of the Methodist Episcopal Church, praying for the rati­ 1302, Thirty-second Statutes, page 483, "An act to provide for fication of all arbitration treaties now pending before the the construction of a canal connecting the waters of the At­ Senate, which was ordered to lie on the table. lantic and Pacific Oceans," approved June 28, 1902, the annual He also presented a resolution adopted by the Women's report of the Isthinian Canal Commission for the fiscal year Christian Temperance Union of Colorado, favoring the erection entled June 30, 1911. of a statue of peace at the entrance to the Panama Canal, WM. H. TA.FT. which was referred to the Committee on Interoceanic Canals. THE WHITE HOUSE, December 11, 1911. Mr. GALLINGER presented a memorial of the Improved Paper Machinery Co., of Nashua, N. H., remonstrating against REPORT ON ORDNANCE AND FORTIFICATIONS (H. DOC. NO. 130). any change being made in the present duty on pulp and paper, The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com- which was referred to the Committee on Finance. munication from the Secretary of War, transmitting the· twenty­ He also presented the petition of C. W. Hannaford, of Ports­ first annual report of the Board of Ordnance and Fortifica­ mouth, N. H., and the petition of Frances Bather, of Dover, tions for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1911, which was re­ N. H., praying that an appropriation be made for the construc­ ferred to the Committee on Military Affairs and ordered to be tion of a highway from Washington, D. C., to Gettysburg, Pa., printed. as a memorial to Abraham Lincoln, which· were referred to the 1 ONEIDA INDIANS OF WISCONSIN (H. DOC. NO. 251). Committee on Appropriations. The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com­ He alEo presented a petition of Local Lodge No. 444, Inde­ munication from the Secretary of the Interior, transmitting, pendent Order of B'rith Abraham, of Concord, N. H., praying pursnant to law, the result of the reopening of negotiations with for the abrogation of the present treaty between the United the Oneida Indians of Wisconsin for the commutation of their States and Russia, which was referred to the Committee on perpetual annuities under treaty stipulations, which, with the Foreign Relations. accompanying paper, was referred to the Committee on Indian He also presented petitions of the George Street Chapel Affairs and otdered to be printeC!_. Sunday School, of Keene; of the congregations of the Fii'St" Congregational Church of North Conway, of the First Baptist FINDINGS OF THE COURT OF CLAIMS. Church of Franklin, and of Rev. C. C. Garland, of Concord, The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate com­ a1I in the State- of New Hampshire; of the Republican Club of munications from the assistant clerk of the Court of Claims, New York City, N. Y.; and of the Delaware Peace Society, of transmitting findings of fact and conclusi-0nn of law filed by the Wilmington, Del., praying for the ratification of the treaties of court. in the following causes: arbitration between the United States, Great Britain, and David Hockensmith, administrator de bonis non of George W. France, which were ordered to lie on the table. Hockensmith, deceased, v. United States (S. Doc. No. 141); and l\fr. CULLOM presented petitions of sundry citizens of nli­ The County Court of Randolph County, W. Va., v. United nois, California, New York, Rhode Island, Delaware, Washing­ States (S. Doc. No. 142). ton, and Massachusetts, praying for the ratification of the pro­ The foregoing findings were, with the accompanying papers, posed treaties of arbitration between the United States, Great referred to the Committee on Claims and ordered to be printed. Britain, and France, which were ordered to lie on the table. He also presented a petition of sundry members of the IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS ( S. DOC. NO. 14 0). Illinois National Guard, praying for the enactment of legislation The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before·the Senate a com­ to provide pay for members of the Organized :Militia, which was munication from the officers of the National Rivers and Har­ referred to the Committee on l\!ilitary Affairs. bors Congress, transmitting resolutions adopted by that body He also presented a petition of Local Lodge No. 498, Intema­ favoring a continuance by Congress of its policy of annual ap­ tional Association of Machinists, of Beardstown, Ill., and a propriations for the improvement of rivers and harbors, for petition of Local Lodge No. 58, Switchmen's Union, of Chicago, continuing the contract system, and authorizing free tolls for Ill., praying for the repeal of the present oleomargarine law, American ships over improved waterways, etc., which were re­ which were referred to the Committee on Agriculture and ferred to the Committee Qn Commerce and ordered to be printed: Forestry. XLVIII-12 1178 CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD-SENATE .. DEOEMBER 11,

He also presented memorials of the congregations of the Mr. O'GORl\IAN presented memorials of sundry local lodges, Seventh-day Adventist Churches of Chicago and Onarga, in the Independent Order B'rith Abraham, of New York City, Roches­ State of Illinois, remonstrating against the observance of Sun­ ter, Brooklyn, Binghamton, Elmira, Niagara, Mount Vernon, day as a day of rest in the District of Columbia, which were Buffalo, Albany, and Syracuse; of local lodges, Independent Order ord·ered to lie on the table. Ahn.was Israel, of New York City, Liberty, Brooklyn, and Sag He also presented petitions of sundry lodges of the Order of Harbor; of local lodges, Independent Order B'rith Sholom, of B'rith Abraham of Chicago; of Local Lodge Ko. 232, Independ­ New York City, Sag Harbor, Brooklyn, and Troy; of the Col­ ent Western Star Order, of Peoria; and the congregation of legiate Zionist League, of New York City; of the First Brook­ Kehilath Anshe l\Iayriu of Chicago, all in the State of Illinois, lyn Roman American Congregation, of New York City; aml of praying for the abrogation of the treaty between the United the James G. Blaine Club, of Harlem, all in the State of New States and Russia, which were referred to the Committee on York, remonstrating against certain treatment accorded Ameri­ Foreign Relations. can citizens by the Government of Russia, which were referred Ur. WILLIAMS. Mr. President, I present resolutions in the to the Committee on Foreign Relations. form of a petition which I ask may be read and referred to the He also presented a petition of Local Union No. 175, Inter­ Committee on Foreign Relations. national Longshoremen's Association, of North Tonawanda, N. Y., There being no objection, the resolutions were read and re­ praying for the passage of the so-called Wilson bill to amend ferred to the Committee on Foreign Relations, as follows: the laws governing seamen, which was referred to the Commit­ Resolutions adopted at a mass meeting of the people of Mississippi, tee on Commerce. helany at the next session of Congress, which con­ Montclair Heights Reformed Church and Edgar S. Wier ·, of venes on the first Monday in December, 1911; and be it further Rcsoli;ecl, That a copy of this resolution be forwarded to the Presi­ l\fontclair; the Rosevi11e l\Iethodist Eiliscopal Church and the dent of the Senate wd the Speaker of the House of Repri::sentatives First Congregational Jube l\lemoria,l Chnrcb, of Newark; the and to each Member of the House of Representatives and Senators. First Methodist Episcopal Church of Park Ridge; the Doard of SEPTEMBER 30, 1911. Trade of Bound Brook; the confertnce of clergy of the Epis­ The scn!lte returned the concurrent resolution petitioning Congress to establish an Army post in the city of Albany, with a message 'that copal Church in the diocese of Newark; the Pre byterian they have concurred in the passage of the same without amendment. Church of Barnegat; the Baptist Church of New .Monlllouth; OFFICE Oli' THE CLERK OF THE ASSEMBLY. Rev. R. F. Bresnahan, of Hamburg; B. C. Pond, of Paterson; STATE OF NEW YORK, Oounty Of Albany, ss: the Religious Society of Friends of Plainfield; the First Metho- I, George R. Van Namee, clerk of the assembly, do hereby certify dist Episcopal Church of Phillipsburg; the Religious Societ. of .that I ha,'e compared the forc;?oing record of proceedings of the assembly of September 20 and 30. 1911, relative to the resolution lI'riends of Shrewsbury and Plainfield; the Inter-Church Fed­ tbei-ein set forth wHh the original thereof as contained in the original eration of Salem County; Horace S. 0 borne, of Upper Mont­ ofiici:J.1 copy of the journal of proceedings of the assembly of said dates clair; J. S. John ·on, Mrs. J. S. Johnson, Mnry L. Knnufft, and that the same is a true and correct h·anscript of said journal of proceedings in so far as the same relates to said resolution and of the Edward L. Truslow, and H. De Gehrin

Great Britain, and France, which were ordered to lie on the Mr. JOHNSTON of Alabama. I present a resolution adopted table. by the Congregation of the Baptist Church of Repton, Ala., He also presented memorials of the Hebrew Association of which I ask may lie on the table and be printed in the RECORD. Elizabeth; the Congregation B'nai Jeshurun of Newark; the There being no objection, the resolution was ordered to lie Temple of Israel of West Hoboken; Silk City Lodge and A. 1\1. on the table and to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: White Lodge, of Paterson; Newark City, Baron Rothschild, Whereas there are many millions of dollars being spent by our Gov­ Independent Newark, Gerechtigkeits ·Lodge, of Newark; Lodge ernment in the building and equi'pping of warships and in maintaining our Army and Navy ; and No. 375 of Morristown; .Alliance Lodge, of Alliance; Carmel Whereas the Chri.stian religion ls a religion of peace and good will Lodge, of Carmel; Hoboken City Lodge; Atlantic City Lodge; to all men : Therefore Passaic City Lodge; North Hudson Lodge, of Union Hill; and Resol,,;ed, That we, the Baptist Church of Repton, Ala., in confer· ence assembled, do give our unqualified indorsement to the passage of Woodbine Lodge, Independent Order B'rith Abraham; the Essex the arbitration measures now pending before the Senate of the United County. Jesse Seligman, and Liberty Lodges, of Newark; the States, and hereby appeal to our Senators, Hon. JOSIDPII F. JOH::iSTO)l' . Bannert and New Paterson Lodges, of Paterson, Order of B'rith and Hon. JOHN H. BANKHEAD, to use their influence in the passage of .Abraham ; and the Combiner, Botushaner Brotherhood, and the aforesaid legislation. W. N. HUCKABEE, Moderator. Newark Young l\Ien Lodges, of Newark; Liberty Lodge, of W. S. DREODE~, Church Clerk. Norma; Maccabee Lodge, of Bridgeton; Camden City Lodge, Of Camden; and Independent Bayonne City Lodge, of Bayonne, 1\Ir. PERKIN,S. I present resolutions adopted by Encamp­ all of the State of New Jersey, remonsh·ating against the treat­ ment No. 162, Union Veteran Legion, of San Jose, Cal., which ment of certain American citizens by the Government of Russia, I ask may be printed in the RECORD and referred to the Com- which were referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. mittee on Military Affairs. / l\Ir. JOHNSON of 1\Iaine presented petitions of Local Lodge There being no objection, the resolutions were referred to the No. 407, of Portland; of Pine Tree Lodge, No. 500, of Bangor; Committee on l\Iilitary Affairs and ordered to be printed in the and of Local Lodge No. 367, of Biddeford, all of the Order RECORD, as follows : B'rith Abraham, in the State of l\Iaine, praying for the abroga­ E)l'C.UIPr-.rENT No. 162, UNro~ VETERA-~ LEGIO~, tion of the treaty between the United States and Russia, which San Jose, Cal., November SO, 1911. To Hon. GEORGE C. PERKrns, were referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. United States Sen.ate: Ile also presented a memorial of the Shoeworkers' Union of In compliance with the resolutions of Encampment No. 162, Union Augusta, Me., remonstrating against the passage of the so-called Veteran Legion, adopted by a unanimous vote at its regular meeting on Smoot printing bill, which . was referred. to the Committee on the 4th day of November, 1911, we respectfully h·ansmit to you for your favorable consideration :i.nd your early and favorable action the Printing. following copy of said resolutions. He also presented a petition of the congregation of the Con­ Respectfully submitted. gregational Church of Bath, l\Ie., and a petition of the Twen­ WILLIAM .A.. COULTER, Colonel. J. H. ROSSELL, .Adjt~tant. tieth Century Club, of Bangor, l\Ie., praying for the ratifica­ tion of the proposed treaties of arbitration between the United Whereas there is pending before the Sixty•second Congress three bills. If. R. 9837, one by Ron. J . M. HAMILTON, and S. 2006, entitled States, Great Britain, and France, which were ordered to lie on "A. bill to create in the War Department and the Navy Department, the table. respectively, a roll designated as 'the Civil War volunteer officers' retiree list,' " etc. ; and Mr. SHIVELY presented petitions of the Delaware Peace Whereas a similar bill was reported favorably from the Committee Society, of· Wilmington, Del; of the Chamber of Commerce of on Military Affairs of the House in the Sixty-first Congress (H. Rept. Boston, Mass.; of sundry citizens of Waltham, l\Iass.; of the 1010) : Now therefore Board of Tr(\de of Little Rock, Ark. ; of the Baptist Ministerial Resoked, That the colonel commanding this encampment be, and he is hereby, authorized and instructed to deliver to the Senators and Association, of Indianapolis; t)ie congregation of the Methodist Representatives in Congress from the State of California, and to the Episcopal Church of Peru; of the congregations of the three Committee on Military Affairs of the House and Senate, the following Evangelical Churches at the Union Thanksgiving Service, of petition in behalf of our worthy comrades who will be beneficiaries La Grange; and of the Literary Club of Terre Haute, all in the under said bills. State of Indiana, praying for the ratification of the proposed ElNCAMP::\IENT No. 162, UNION VETERAN LEGION, treaties of arbitration between the United States, Great Britain, San Jose, Cal., November 4, 1911. To the 0011gress of the United States: and France, which were ordered to lie on the table. We, the surviving veterans of the Civil War, members of Encamp­ ~ also presented a petition of Rev. 1\1. Messing Lodge: No. ment No. 162, Union Veteran Legion, who served from to two to four 137, Order B'rith .Abraham, of Indianapolis, Ind., and a peti­ years in tl.le field or were wounded in the line of duty, respectfully and earnestly petition your Committee on Military Affairs of the Senate tion of the Congregation of B'nai Israel, of Indiana Harbor, and House, respectively, to make an early and favorable report on the Ind., praying for the abrogation of the treaty between the bills referred to in the preamble and resolution above recited, and with United States and Russia, which were referred to the Com­ equal earnestness we petition the Congress to pass such a bill at the­ earliest date possible. mittee on Foreign Relations. The 'justice of and tpe necessity for such a bill are clearly and forci­ Ile also 1Jresented a petition of Journeymen Barbers' Union bly set forth in the able argument of Gen. A. B. Nettleton, now de­ No. 14, of Fort Wayne, Ind., and a petition of the ~ Beacon ceased, before the Committee on Military Affairs of the House in the Sixty-first Congress on February 24, 1910 (public document," Civil War Lights, of Goshen, Ind., praying that an investigation be made volunteer officers' retired list "), and in the report of the Committee on into the condition of dairy products for the prevention and Military Affairs (H. Rept. 1010). spread of tuberculosis, which were referred to the Committee on Your petitioners ask your attention to the petitions in favor of these Agriculture and Forestry. and similar bills on the files of your respective Committees on Military Affairs from many thousand citizens and veterans, and among these He also presented a petition of Browand Post, No. 505, Grand petitions from judges of the supreme and superior courts and city and Army of the Republic, Department of Indiana, of Kendall­ county officials setting forth the reasons why this measure should not be postponed for others less urgent. \ille, Ind., praying for the passage of the so-called old-age Your petitioners respectfully but earnestly point out the injustice of pension bill and the repeal of the date of limitation of the so­ further delay. Gen. Nettleton, their able advocate, and thousands of called widow's pension bill, which was referred to the Com- other veterans have passed away since the beginning of these efforts for just recognition, and though death may decimate their ranks it mittee on Pensions. • will not abate the censure for delay which will animate the thousands He also presented a resolution adopted by the Forty-ninth of their surviving sons and grandsons who now and hereafter will con­ Indiana Regimental Association, at English, Ind., praying for stitute the society of the Son.S of Veterans and the Military Order of the Loyal Legion. the· passage of the so-called dollar-a-day penskm bill, which was Respectfully submitted by Encampment No. 162, Union Veteran referred to the Committee on Pensions. Legion. l\Ir. GAMBLE presented a petition of the State Grange, WILLIA:11 A. COULTER, Colonel. Patrons of Husbandry, of South Dakota, praying for the pas­ J. H. RUSSELL, Adjutant. sage of the so-called parcel post bill, which was referred to the ·Mr. PERKINS presented memorials of sundry . citizens of Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. Sebastopol, Santa Cruz, Redding, and .Mountain View, all in the He also presented memorials of the congregations of Trinity State of California, remonstrating against the enforced observ­ Episcopal Church, of Watertown; of the Union Thanksgiving ance of Sunday as a day of rest in the District of Columbia, Senices of Sioux Falls; of the First Baptist Church of which were ordered to lie on the table. Ipswich; and of D. F. Jones, all in the State of South Dakota, He also presented a petition of the State Federation of Labor praying for the ratification of the -proposed treaties of arbi­ of California, praying that an appropriation be made for tlle tration between the United States, Great Britain, and France, construction of a battleship at the :Mare Island Navy Yard in which were ordered to lie on the table. that State, which was referred to the Committee on Na>al He also presented a petition of Kilpatrick Post, No. 4, De­ Affairs. partment of South Dakota, Grand Army of the Republic, of He also presented a petition of the State Federation of Labor Huron, S. Dak., praying for the )assage of the so-called old- of California, praying for the enactment of legislation provid· · age pension bill, which was referred to the Coinmittee on Pen­ ing for the exclusion from the United States of an Asiatic sions. races, which was referred to the Committee on Imn:tigration. 1 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. D ECEMBER 1 1 ~

He also presented a petition of the Chamber of Commerce of .Mr.. MYERS presented a joint memorial of the Legislature of South Pasadena, Cal., praying for the enactment of legislation Montana, which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands providing for the fortification o:f the Los Angeles Harbor ill and ordered to be printed in the IlECORD, as follows : that State, which was referred to the Committee on Commerce. House joint memorial 8. He also presented a petition of the Chamber of Commerce of Memorial to Congress, praying for the enactment of legislation that will Berkeley, Ca1., praying for 'the enactment of legislation provid­ relieve the settlers on the public domain, whe1:ein their hnprovements ing for building of a dry dock in San Francisco Bay, which were destroyrovements, and make their homesteads self-sustaining and comply with the requirements of said homestead laws: Now, there­ Mr. KERN presented a memorial of the Mississippi Valley fore be it Historical Association, praying that an appropriation be made Resolved by the Legislatiue Assembly of the State of Montana, That of $5,000 a year for two years, to be expended by the Bureau of we respectfully petition the National Congress to pass an act of Con­ gress providing that final homestead proof be permitted to be made by Ethnology in special work for the preservation of the languages all bona fide homestead settlers who have bad their homes and im­ of the Indian tribes, which was referred t<> the Committee on provements destroyed by forest fires and who have actually and con­ Indian Affairs. tinuously resided on said homestead lands for a period of at least two Mr. TOWNSEND presented petitions of sundry citizens of years immediately pr~eding the 1st day of November, A. D. 1910, and who have expended at least the sum of $1,000 on said homesteads in Plymouth, Big Rapids, Detroit, Adrian, and Blissfield, all in the placing buildings, fences, improvements, and orchards thereon, and in State of Michigan, praying that an appropriation be made for work upon and in cultivating the same, and that United States patents the construction of a highway from Washington, D. C., to issue to such homestead settlers after making such proof, under such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by said act of Congress or Gettysburg, Pa., as a memorial to Abraham Lincoln, which were by the Secretary of the Interior. referred to the Committee on Appropriations. Resoli: e_d, That a certified copy of this resolution be forwarded by He also presented a petition of Grand Lodge, Independent the secretary of state of l\lontana to our Senators and Representatives in Congt·css. Western Star Order, of Detroit, Mich., praying for the abroga­ W. W. McDOWELL, tion of the treaty between the United State and Russia, which Speaker of the House. was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. W.R. ALLEN, President of the Senate. He also presented petitions of sundry members of the State Approved March 2, 191L National Guard of 1\Iichigan, praying for the enactment of EDWIN L. NORRIS, Governor. legislation pronding for the pay of members of the Organized Filed hln.rch 2, l!Hl. 1\lilitia, which were referred to the Committee on Military A. N. YODER, Secretary of State. Affairs. UNITED STa·.rES OF .A.MERICA, State of Montana, ss : He also presented memorials of sundry citizens of Michigan, I, A. N. Yoder, secretary of state of the State of Montana, do hereby certify that the above is a true and correct copy of house joint memo­ remonstrating against the extension of the pa.reels-post system rial No. 8, praying for legislation that will relieve the settlers on the beyond its present limitations, which were referred to the Com­ public domain wherein their improvements were destroyed by forest mittee on Post Office and Post Roads. fires, enacted by the twelfth session of the Legislative Assembly of the State of Montana and approved by Edwin L . Norris, governor of said Mr. MYERS presented a joint memorial of the· Legislature State, on the 2d day of March, 1911. of l\Iontana, which was referred to the Committee on Indian In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the · Affairs and ordered to be printed in the REconn, as follows: great seal of said State. Done at the city ot Helena, the capital of said State, this 9th day of March, A. D. 1911. House joint m~moria.l No. 10. [SEAL.] A. N. YODER, Bec1·etarv of State. To the honorable Senate and House of Representatii;es of the United States in Congress assembled: l\Ir. MYERS presented a petition of Ba.ron De Hirsh L9dge, •Your memorialists, the Twelfth Legislative Assembly of the State of No. 420, Independent Order of B'nai B'rith, of Butte, Mont., Montana. do hereby submit for your consideration the following praying for the abrogation of the treaty between the United memorial: States and Russia, which was referred to the Committee on Whereas for a long pel"iod of time controversies have arisen o.-er the alleged trespass upon the Crow Indian Reservation of stoek ranging Foreign Relations. upon the public lands of the United States contiguous to said reserva­ l\lr. BROWN presented a memorial of sundry citizens of tion; and Neligh, Nebr., remonstrating against the extension of the Whereas settlers living adjacent to said reservation have been com­ pelled to submit to the impounding of their stock ranging upon their parcels-post system beyond its preseI!,t limitations, which was own lands whenever the same would cross over the line and be found referred to the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. upon said reservation; and He also presented a memorial of State Lodge, No. 144, Inde­ Whereas the Crow Indians upon said reservation, acting under the direction of the a"'ent and superintendent in charge, have been per­ pendent Order B'rith Abraham of Omaha, Nebr., remonstrat­ mitted to gather such stock and impound the same and exact a· payment ing agn.inst the h·eatment accorded A.mei·ican citizens by tile of ·1 per head before its release; and Government of Russia, which W"US referred to the Committee Whereas ret'ent events have disclosed a willingness on the part of said Indians to so gather stock actually ranging beyond the erteri-Or on Foreign Relations. boundaries of said reservation, and after driving the same upon the Ile also presentoo a petition of the Retailers' Association, of reservation to exaet the payment aforesaid, b.Y reason whereof serious Franklin, Nebr., praying for the repeal of the present oleo­ controversies have arisen and much ill feelmg has been engendered between 11am settlers and said Indians : Therefore margarine law, which was referred to the Committee on Agri­ The Twelfth Le0 "islatlve As embly of the State of Montana re­ culture uncl Forestry. spectfully request the immediate passage of such legislation as will · He also presented petitions of sundry citizens of Beatrice. provide for the fencing of said Crow Indian Reservation upon the west ( and south sides thereof, the onl:y sides of said reservation necessary to Falls City, Tremont, Verdon, David City, Omaha, Seward, Up­ be fenced, the north and east sides thereof being protected by natural land, Auburn, and South Omaha, all in the State of Nebraska, barriers. praying for the construction of a. highway from Washington, W. W. McDOWELL, Speakei· of the HotlSe. D. C., to Gettysburg, Pa., as a memorial to Abraham Lincoln, W. R. ALLE~, which were referred to the Committee on Appropriations. President of the Senate. .Mr. HITCHCOCK presented a petition of Local Lodge Ko. 5, Approved March 2, 1911. EDWIN L. NORRIS, Governor. Switchmen's Union of North America, of Omaha, Nebr., pray­ Filed March 2, 1911. ing for the repeal of the present oleomargarine 1u w, which was A. N. YODEI?, Secretary of State. referred to the Committee on -Agriculture and Forestry. UNITED STATES OF AurnrcA, State of Montana, ss: :Mr. BRISTOW presented memorials of sunc1ry citizens of I, A. N. Yoder, secretary of state of the State of Montana, do hereby Wellington, Collier, and Logan, all in the State of Kansas, re­ certify that the above is a true and correct copy or House joint memorial No. 10. praying for the enactment of legislation providing for monstrating against the observance of StIDday a. a day of rest the fencing of the Crow Indian Ilese1·vation, enacted by the twelfth in the District of Columbia, which were referred to the Com­ session of tbe Legislative Assembly of the State of Montana and ap­ mittee on the District of Columbia. proved by Edwin L. Norris, governor of said State, on the 2d day of He also presented a petition of the congregation of the Pres­ March, A. D. 1911. · In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and atnxed the byterian Church of Burton, Kans., i1raying for the ratification great seal of said State. · of the proposed treaties of arbitration between the United Done at Helena, the capital of said State, this 8th day of March, States, Great Britain, and France, which was orde1ed to lie on A. D. 1911. [SEAL.] A. N. YODER, Secretary of State. the table. 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1181

l\Ir. GRONNA presented a memorial of the congregation of He also presented a petition of. the National Metal Trades the Seventh-day Adventist Church of McClusky, N. Dak., and Association, praying for the enactment of legislation to au­ a memorial of the congregation of the Seventh-day Adventist thorize the President to invite the International Congress of Church of Greatstone, N. Dak., remonstrating against the ob­ Social Insurance to hold -its next ·triennial conYention in the servance of Sunday as a (lay of rest in 'the District of Columbia, United States, which was referred to the Committee on Appro­ which were ordered to lie on the table. priations. He also presented a petition of sundry citizens of Heaton, l\Ir. OVERMAN presented a petition of sundry citizens of N. Dak., and a petition of the Delaware Peace Society, of Wil­ l\Iayodan, N. C., remonstrating against the extension of the mington, Del., praying for the ratification of the proposed parcels-post system beyond its present limitations, '\Vhieh was tr.eaties of abitration between the United States, Great Britain, referred to the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. and France, which were ordered to lie on the table. Mr. LODGE presented resolutions adopted by the following He also presented a petition of sundry members of the North lodges of the Independent Order of B'rith Abraham, all in the Dakota National Guard, praying for the enactment of legisla­ State of Massachusetts, in favor of the abrogation of all tion providing for the pay of members of the 0rganized Militia, treaties between the United States and Russ1a, which were which was referred to the Committee on l\lilitary Affairs. referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations: Ur. OLIVER presented a memorial of General Alexander Pride of Fall River Lodge, Fall River. Hays Post, No. 3, Grand Army of the Republic, Department of New Boston Lodge, Boston. Pennsylvania, of Pittsburgh, Pa., remonstrating against the Beverly Lodge, Beverly. enactment of legislation to incorporate the Grand Army of the Bay State Lodge, Chelsea. Republic, which was9' referred to the Committee on the District Progressive Lodge, Boston. of Columbia. Cape Ann Lodge, Gloucester. He also presented a petition of sundry citizens of Vandergrift, First Attleboro Lodge, Attleboro. Pa., remonstrating against the extension of the parcels-pest New Bedford Lodge, New Bedford. system beyond its present limitations, which was referred to Pride of Malden Lodge, Malden. the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. Lawrence Independent Lodge, Lawrence. , He also presented petitions of Hope Lodge, No. 210, of Phts­ City of Homes Lodge, Springfield. burgh; of Israel Isian Lodge, No. 380, of Johnstown; and of Brai Zion Lodge, Worcester. Iron City Lodge, No. 217, of Pittsburgh, all of the Order of Star of Fall Ri-rer Lodge, Fall River. B'rith Abraham, in the State of Pennsylvania, praying for the Greater Boston Lodge, Boston. abrogation of the treaty between the United States and Rusflia, Jefferson Lodge, IJ'an River. which were referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations Pride of Brockton Lodge, Brockton. He also presented petitions of the Monthly l\Ieeting of Friends Pride of Liberty Lodge, Boston. of Bristol; of the ·congregation of Hancock Street Methodist Old Boston Lodge, Boston. Episcopal Church, of Philadelphia ; and of the congregation of Harmony Lodge, Chelsea. St .Mark's Methodist Episcopal Church, of Philadelphia, all in Hampden Lodge, Springfield. the State of Pennsylvania, praying for the ratification of the Laza;rus Davis Lodge, Boston. proposed treaties of arbitration between the United States, Congress Lodge, Chelsea. Great Britain, and France, which were ordered to lie on the Enst Boston Lodge, Boston. table. · Cambridge Lodge, Cambridge. Mr. BURNHAM presented petitions of the Delaware Peace Crown of the East Lodge, Boston. Society; of the congregation of the First Baptist Church, of Freedom Lodge, l\lalden. Franklin; of the Union Thanksgiving Service, United Charcbes, Anshey Dowig Lodge, Boston. of Concord; -of the George Sh·eet Chapel Sunday School, of Lord Beaconsfield Lodge, Boston. Keene; and of the congregation of the First Congregatio1ml J eusahjah Lodge, Boston. Church, of North Conway, all in the State of New Hampshire, Educational Lodge, Boston. praying for the ratification of the proposed treaties of arbitra­ Plymouth Rock Lodge, Brockton. tion between the United States, Great Britain, and France, General Grant Lodge, Boston. which were ordered to lie on the table. Crown of Liberty Lodge Boston. He also presented the petition of Frederick J. Rider, of Haverhill Zion Lodge, Haverhill. Star of Boston Lodge, Boston. Portsmouth, N. H., praying that an appropriation be made for Rodphey Sholem Lodge, Holyoke. the constrnction of a highway from Washington, D. C., to Merrimac Valley Lodge, Lawrence. Gettysburg, Pa., as a memorial to Abraham Lincoln, which was King Edward Lodge, Boston. referred to the Committee on Appropriations~ Sanders Lodge, Leominster. He also presented a memorial of Local Lodge No. 444, Inde­ pendent Order B'rith Abraham, of Concord, N. H., praying for Taunton Lodge, Taunton. the abrogation of the treaty between the United States and Pride of Boston Lodge, Boston. Russia, which was referred to the Committee on Foreign RE:la­ Pittsfield Lodge, Pittsfield. tions. Mr. LODGE presented resolutions adopted by the following lodges of the Order of B'rith Abraham, all in the State of Mas­ l\Ir. NIXON presented a memorial of sundry bishops of the sachusetts, in fu-rnr of the abrogation of all treaties between Protestant Episcopal Church, praying for the ratification of the the United States and Russia, which were referred to the Com­ proposed treaties of arbitration between the United States, mittee on Foreign Relations: Great Britain, and France, which was ordered to lie on the HarrnC111y Lodge, Fall River. table. Star of Lawrence Lodge, L'.1wrence. He also· presented a memorial of the conai·egation of the Prospect Lodge, Boston. Seventh-day Ad\entist Church of Reno, Nev., remonstrating Unity Lodge, Boston. against the observance of Sunday in the post offices of the Fall Ri\er Lodge, Fall Riyer. country, which was referred to the Committee on Post Offices Paper City Lodge, Holyoke. and Post Roads. Rabbi Jacob Joseph Lodge, Lawrence. He also presented a memorial of the Young Men's Hebrew Bny State Lodge, Boston. Association of Reno, Nev., praying for the abrogation of the Freedom Lodge, Boston. treaty between the United States and Russia, which was re­ William E. Russell Lodge, Boston. ferred to the Cornwittee on Foreign Relations. Knights of Liberty Lodge, Boston. He also presentea a memorial of the congregation of the Pride of Haverhill Lodge, Haverhill. Se\enth-day Adrnntist Church of Reno, ~ Jev., remonstrating Israel Loage, Boston. against the obserTance of Sunday as a day of rest in the Dis­ Springfield Lodge, SpringfiP,ld. trict of Columbia, which was ordered to lie on the table. Pride of Boston Lodge, Boston. 1\Ir. LORii\IER presented u memorial of sundry citizens of President Roosevelt Lodge, Boston. Wenona, Ill., and a memorial of sundry citizens of Manhattan, Pride of l\Iassachusetts Lodge, Boston. Ill., remonstrating against the extension of the parcels-post Worcester Lodge, Worceste1·. system beyond its present limitations, which were referred to Crown of l\lassachusetts Lodge, Boston. the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. The South End Boston Lodge, Boston. He also presented a petition of the Ministerial Association Ahawath Achim I~odge, Boston. of Waukegan, Ill., i1raying for the enactment of legislation to Mr. LODGE presented resolutions adopted by · the following further regulate the interstate transportation of intoxicating lodges of the Independent Order United Hebrews, all in the liquors, which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. State of Massachusetts, in favor of the abrogation of all treaties [82 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DEOEMBER 11,

between the United States aud Russia, which were referr~~ to yoke, Ma s., praying for the ratification of the proposed h·eaties the Committee on Foreign Relations: - - of arbitration between the United States, Great Britain, and Pilgrim Lodge, Brockton. France, which were ordered to lie on the table. Whaling City Lodge, New· Redford. l\Ir, WETMORE presented petitions of the congregations of Paul Re\ere Lodge, Chelsea. the Shawomet Baptist Church, of Warwick; the Pawcatuck Louis Saklad Lodge, Boston. Congregational Church, of Westerly; and the Pilgrim Cougre­ Commonwealth Lodge, Fall River. gational Church, of Providence, all in the State of Rhode ' Progressiye Lodge, Cheli:-:ea. Island, praying for the ratification of the proposed treaties of King David Lodge, ChelEea. arbitration between the United States, Great Britain. aud Friendship Lodge, Boston. France, which were ordered to lie on the table. Revival Lodge, Worcester. He also presented a petition of the Board of Trade of Ur. LODGE presented resolutioRs adopted by the Tower of Providence, ll. I., praying for the construction of a shore lanu­ Zion and Young Zionists, of Worcester, .Mass.; the Hebrew Syna­ ing place in connection with the Harbor of Refuge at Point gogue Agudas Achim, of Brockton, Mass.; and the Whaleman Judith, R. I., which was referred to the Committee on Com­ City Lodge, United Hebrews of America; Congregation Aharath merce. . Achirn, Congregation Chesed Shell Emeth, Congregation Li!lath He also presented petitions of Local Lodge No. 202, of Woon­ Hazedeck, and Uax Lcyy Pi·ogressive Lodge, of New Bedford, socket, and of Local Lodge No. 330, of Providence, of the 1\fass., farnriug the abrogation of all treaties between the UnHed Independent Order of B'rith Abraham, in the State of Rbode Stafes and the Government of Russia, which were referred to Island, praying for the abrogation of the present treaty be­ tile Committee on Foreign Relations. tween the United States and Russsia, whlch were referred to Ile also presented· a paper to accompany the bill (S. 1150) the Committee on Foreign Relations. to amend an act entitled "An act to codify, revise, and amend He also presenteLl a memorial of the congre~ation of the the laws relatmg to the judiciary," which was referred to the SeYenth-Day Adventist Church, of Westerly, R I.. remonstrat­ Committee on the Judiciary. ing against the observance of Sunday as a day of rest in the .Mr. McLEAN presented petitions of the General Conference District of Columbia, which was referred to the Committee on of Congregational Churches and the _Brotherhood of the Broad­ the District of Columbia. way Congregational Church, of 'Norwich; of the Methodist Mr. STEPHENSON presented memorials of the United Israel­ congregations of High Ridge and Sell eeks Corners; the Method­ ite Society, of sundry lodges of the Independent Order B'rith ist Preachers' Union of Housatonic Valley; and of the congre­ Abraham, of Milwaukee and La Cro~se, and of the Grand Lod"e gation of the Congregational Church of !rocky Hill, all ju the Independent Western Star Order, of Sheboygan, all in the State State of Connecticut, praying for the ratification of the proposed of Wisconsin, remonstrating against the treatment accorded treaties of arbitration between the United States, Great Britain, American citizens by the Government of Russia, which were and France, which were ordered to lie on the table. referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. He also presented a petition of the German-American Alli­ He also presented petitions of the congrecration of the St. ance of the State of Connecticut, praying for the adoption of a Adalbert Church, of Rosholt; of the Lay Electoral Conference certain amendment to the present immjgration laws, which was of the l\Iethodist Episcopal Church and the First Congrega­ referred to the Committee on Immigration. tional Church, of Lake Geneva; the Bohemian Brethren Presby­ He also presented memorials of the Local Section, Council - terian Church and the German Baptist Church, of Racine; the of Jewish Women, of Hartford; of Julia Ilerzel Lodge, No. First Baptist Church of Oshkosh; the Christian Scientists 221 Independent Order Western Star, of Stamford; of Local Churches; and sundry citizens of Milwaukee, all in the State Lodge, Independent Order B'nai B'rith, of Hartford; and of of Wisconsin, praying for the ratification of the proposed the Congregation of Ados Israel, of Hartford, ~1! in the State treaties of arbitration between the United States, Great of Connecticut, remonstrating against the treatment of •:!ertain Britain, and France, which were ordered to lie on the table. American citizens by the Gornrnment of Russia, which were He also presented petitions of I!'. H. Hageman and Louis referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. Fuldwerth, of Milwaukee, nnd B. Heinemann, of Wausau, all l\Ir. l\IARTIN of Virginia presented petitions of 'Ti!•ginia in the State of Wisconsin, praying for the construction of n Lodge, Ko. 120, Independent Order B'rith Sholom, of Norfolk; of highway from Washington, D. C., to Gettysburg as a memorial Local Lodge, No. 181, Independent Order B'rith Sholom, of to Abraham Lincoln, which were referred to the Committee on Lynchburg; of Virginia Lodge, No. 171, Independent Order Appropriations. Western Star;· and of Local Lodge, No. 325, Independent Order He also presented petitions of Local Lodge, Pattern l\Iakers' B rith Abraham, of Portsmouth, all in the State of Virginia, Association; the Federated Trades Council; and Local Union praying for the abro(ration of the present treaty between the No. 18, -International Longshoremen's Association, all of l\lil­ United States and Ru sia, which were referred to the Commit­ waukee, in the State of Wisconsin, praying for the enactment tee on Foreign Relations. of legislation to better the condition of seamen and the safe­ :Mr. l\fcCUl\IBER presented a petition of sundry ex-union guarding of the li\es of passengers, etc., which were referred and ex-Confederate soldiers of the Civil War, of Clarksburg, to the Committee on Commerce. W. Ya., praying for the ratification of the proposed treaties of He also presented a memorial of the George D. Egglest?n arbitration between the United States, Great Britain, and Post, Department of Wisconsin, Grand Army of the Repnbllc, Frnnce, which were ordered to lie on the table. of Appleton, Wis., praying for the pa sn"e of the so-ca~led olcl­ lllr. ~"ELSO~ presented memorials of Local Lodge No. 443, age pension bill, which was referred to the Committee on of E'releth; of Local Lodges Nos. 119, 175, and 381, of .Minne­ apolis; of Local Lodges Nos. 133 and 337, of Duluth, order of Pensions. B'rith Abraham; and of I..t0cal section, Council of Jewish Ile al o presented memorials of the congregations of ~he Women, of St. Paul, all in the State of Minnesota, praying for Methodist Episcopal and the Congregational Churches of White­ the abrogation of the present treaty between the United States water, of the First Methodist and First Presbyterian Churches and Ilussia, which were referred to the Committee on Foreign of Oconto and f the Union Congregational Clrnrch of .Green Relations. Bay, all i~ the State of Wisconsin, praying for the .ratification He also presented a memorial of the Retail Grocers' Associa­ of the proposed arbitration treaties between tile Umted States, tion of l\Iinneapolis, l\linn., praying for the repeal of the present Great Britain, and France, which were ordered to lie on the table. oleoruargarine law, which was referred to the Committee ou 1 Agricn.lture and Forestry. He also presented a petition of Local Union r 0. 27, Feeders, He also presented memorials of the congregations of Como Helpers, and Job Pres men, of :Milwaukee, Wis., ,v~nying for AT'enue Congregational Church, of Minneapolis; the St. Anthony the enactment of lecrislation to improrn the cond1t10n of the Park Congregational Church, of St. Paul; and the TemplP. seamen of .the count~y. which was referred to the Committee Emanuel Congregation, of Duluth; of members of the First Bap­ on Commerce. tist Church, the Ministerial Association, and the Commercial Mr. S~HTH of South Carolina presented petitions of sundry Club of Brainerd; of tlie Union Meeting of Churches of Detroit; citizens of Columbia, S. C., praying for the ratification of the of the Union Thanksgiring l\leeting of the Churches of Hawley; proposed treaties of arbitration between tll United States, and of the congregation of the First Baptist Church of :Man~ato, Great Britain, and France, which were ordered to lie on the all in the State of Minnesota, praying for the ratification of the table. pl'Opo ed treaties of arbitration between the United State.:;, Ur. WARREN presented a memorial of the congregation of Great Britain, and France, which were ordered to lie on the the SeYenth-day Adyentist Church, of Sbelc1on, Wyo., and a table. memorial of the congregation of the SeYenth-day Adyentist Mr. CRANE presented petitions of the Massachusetts Peace Church, of Cheyenne, Wyo., remonstratin~ again t the obsen­ Society, of the Board of Trade of Springfield, Mass., and of ance of Sunday as a day of rest in the District of Columbia, the congregation of the Second Congregation

He also presented tlie memorial of J. R. l\Inn - ;on, secretary A bill ( S. 3538) granting an increase of pension to William R. and treasurer of the Congress of the Knights of Labor, of Schaffer; · Albany, N. Y., remonstrating against placing wood pulp and A bill (S. 3539) granting an increase of pension to William print paper on the free list, which was referred to the Com­ Sherwood; mittee on Finance. A bill (S. 3540) granting an increase of pension to John l\Ir. TILLMAN presented .a petition of the Chamber of Com­ Rockwell; merce of Florence S. C., praying for the retention of the last A bill ( S. 3541) granting an increase of pension to John H. paragraph of arti~le 3 of the propo~ed. treaty of arbitrat~on Wood· between the United States, Great Br1tam, and France, which A blll ( S. 3542) granting a pension to Harvey Transue; was ordered to lie on the table. A bill ( S. 3543) granting a pension to Delia White; ADDRESS DY JOSEPII CULBERTSON CLAYTON (S. DOC. NO. 143.) A bill ( S. 3544) granting an increase of pension to Henry E. Hayes (with accompanying papers); l\lr. Sl\IOOT~ from the Oommittee on Printing, to which was A bill (S. 3545) granting an increase of pension to Hannah referred an address by Joseph Culbertson Clayton on " Some R. Mackie (with acC()mpanying paper); Aspects of the Constitution," presented by l\Ir. SUTHERLAND on A bill ( S. 3546) granting an increase of pension to John S. the 5th instant, mored that it be printed as a document, which Rodgers (with accompanying papers) ; was agreed to. A bill (S. 3547) granting an increase of pension to William J. BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTION INTRODUCED. Wallace (with accompa.nying paper); Bills and a joint resolution were introduced, read the first A bill ( S. 3548) granting an increase of pension to John time, and, by unanimous consent, the second time, and refened Weaver (with accomp:mying papers) ; as follows: A bill (S. 3549) granting a pension to Robert J. Campbell By Mr. PENROSE: (with accompanying paper) ; • A bill ( S. 3505) to purchase an oil painting entitled " The A bill (S. 3550) granting an increase of pension to John G. Death of Brevet Lieutenant Colonel Alonzo H: Cushing"; to Myers (with accompanying papers); the Committee on the Library. A bill ( S. 3551) granting an increase of pension to Robert T. A bill ( S. 3506) granting an annuity equivalent to $75 per Attreed (with accompanying papers) ; month to officers and enlisted men of the United States Army, A bill ( S. 3552) granting an increase of pen:sion to Maggie Navy, and Marine Corps who have attained the age of 60 years Cooper Crawford (with accompanying paper); . and have been, or may hereafter be, awarded medals of honor A bill (S. 3553) granting an increase of pension to Charles for gallantry and heroism involving great personal peril, and Campbell (with accompanying papers) ; authorizing tbe President of the United States to make ruJes A bill (S. 3554) granting an increase of pension to Henry M. and regulations for carrying the act into effect; Dunlap (with accompanying papers); and A bill (S. 3507) to grant an honorable discharge to C. Wilson A bill ( S. 3555) granting an increase of pension to Andrew J. Walker (with accompanying papers) ; Furry (with accompanying papers); to the Committee on Pen­ A bill (S. 3508) to correct the military record of Edward M. sions. Warren; A. bill (S. 3556) to grant an honorable discharge to Reuben A bill ( S. 3509) to grant an honorable discharge to George Seiler; to the Committee on Military Affairs. W. Hopkins; A bill ( S. 3557) for the iHestigation and control of the A bill (S. 3510) to correct the military record of Samuel chestnut-tree blight; to the Committee on Agriculture and Geissinger; Forestry. A bill (S. 3511) to correct the military record of Thomas By Mr. O'GORllAN: Amick; A bill (S. 3558) to reduce postal rates, to' improve the postal A bill (S. 3512) to grant an honorable discharge to Samuel service, and to increase postal revenues; to the Committee on Fogle (with accompanying impers) ; and Post Offices and Post Roads. J. bill ( S. 3513) to correct the military record of Jacob Met­ By l\Ir. G.ALLINGEil.: zinger; to the Committee on Military Affairs. A. bill (S. 3l:iGO) to transfer jurisdiction of the Washington A. bill ( S. 3514) granting an increase of pension to Dennis Aqueduct, the filtration plant, and appurtenances to the Com­ Conner; missioners of the District of Columbia (with accompanying A bill ( S. 3515) granting a pension to Bernard Closkey; papers) ; A bill ( S. 3516) granting pensions to soldiers confined in so- A bill (S. 3561) amencUng paragraph 6 of the act relating to caJled Confeuera te prisons; the l\Ietropo1itan police force (with accompanying p ~1pers); to A bill (S. 3517) granting a pension to Emma A. Davis; the Committee on the District of Columbia; and A bill ( S. 3518) granting a pension to Laura V. Geissinger; A bill ( S. 3562) granting an increase of pension to Samuel A bill ( S. 3519) granting a pension to Bridget Petrie; F. Patterson (with accompanying JJapers) ; to the Committee A bill (S. 3520) granting an increase of pension to Eleanor R. on Pensions. Evans; A bill ( S. 3521) granting an increase of pension to Samuel By l\Ir. CULLO~ : A bill ( S. 3563) directing the Postmaster General to credit Elliott; .John A. Bingham, former postmaster at Vandalia, Ill., in the A bill ( S. 3522) granting an increase of pension to Hiram sum of $500 on account of stamps lost by burglary; to the Com­ Ferrier· mittee on Post Offices and Post Roads. A bili (S. 3523) granting an increase of pension to Joseph A bill ( S. 3504) granting a pension to Cora Edith Tanner; Felton; A bill ( S. 3565) granting a pension to Lillian A. Grierson A bill (S. 3524) granting a pension to Addaline Frost; (with accompanying papers) ; A bill (S. 3525) granting an increase of pension to James J. A bill ( S. 3566) granting an increase of pension to Hiram S. Hasson; Plummer (with accompanying papers); and A bill (S. 3526) granting an increase of pension to Eugene A bill (S. 8567) granting an increase of pension to William Helmbold; N. Berkley (with accompanying papers) ; to the Committee on A bilJ ( S. 3527) granting an increase of pension to Christian Kinsley; Pensions. A bill ( S. 3528) granting an increase of pension to Elizabeth By fr. MARTINE of New Jersey: · C. J arrett; A bill (S. 3568) granting an honorable discharge to John D. A bill ( S. 3529) granting an increase of pension to- John M. Durie; and Rhoads; A bill ( S. 3500) for the relief of Ralph Deremer; to the Com- A bill (S. 3530) granting an increase of pension to Henry nittee on Military Affairs. Bisbin; By Mr. GAMBLE: A bill ( S. 3531) granting a penslon to Marion L. Wilson; A bill (S. 3570) to amend an act entitled "An act to provide A bill ( S. 3532) granting a pension to Mary E. Burg; for determining the heirs of deceased Indians, for the di~posi­ A bill ( S. 3533) granting an increase of pension to Hartman tion and sale of allotments of dece:ised Indians, for the leasing K. Wismer; of allotments, and for other purposes," appwrnd June 25, 1910 A bill ( S. 3534) granting an increase of pension to Hiram (36 Stat. L., p. 855) ; to the Committee on Ii;idian Affairs. Rhodes; By Mr. KERN: A bill (S. 3535) granting an increase of pension to David A. A bill ( S. 3571) to increase pension for total deafness ; Buchanan; A bill ( S. 3572) granting an increase of pension to George T. A bill ( S. 3536) granting a pension to Eliza.beth Clampitt; Pollard (with accompanying papers) ; A bill (S. 3537) granting an increase of pension to William A bill (S. 3·573) granting an increase of pension to Remy B. Cook; Leach (with accompanying papers) ; ;184 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECEMBER 11,

A bill (S. 3574) granting an increase of pension to Jeremiah A bill (S. 3614) granting an increase of pension to Jonathan W. Hancock (with accompanying papers) ; Summers; to the Committee on Pensions. A bill (S. 3575) granting an incrense of pension to Calvin By 1\Ir. TOWNSEND : W. Keefer (with accompanying papers) ; A bill ( S. 3615) granting an increase of pension to Walter L. A bill (S. 3576) granting a pension to Sarah Thomas (with Donohue ; and accompanying papers) ; A bill ( S. 3G16) granting an increase of pension to Frederick A bill (S. 3577) granting a pension to Clyde W. Duvall (with Hemenway; to the Committee on Pensions. accompanying papers) ; and By Mr. NELSON: A bill ( S. 3578) granting an increase of pension to Milton (By request.) A bill (S. 3617) to amend an act entitled "An Cobler (with accompanying papers) ; to the Committee on Pen­ act to codify, reYise, and amend the laws relating to the judi­ sions. ciary," approYed March 3, 1911; to the Committee on the By Mr. BURTON: Judiciary. A bill ( S. 3580) to authorize the change of name of the A bill ( S. 3618) to provide for the importation of rnuminnt­ steamer Henry A. Hawgood; to the Committee on Commt'rce. ing and fog-signal apparatus for the Lighthouse Service free A bill ( S. 3581) granting a pension to Andrew Knight; of duty; to the Committee on Finance. A bill (S. 3582) granting an increase of pension to George W. A bill ( S. 3019) relating to the anchorage of vessels in na-vi­ Kuster ; and gable water of the United States; and A bill ( S. 3583) grunting an increase of pension to Joseph A bill (S. 3G20) to regulate radiocommunication; to the Com­ Van Nest; to the Committee on Pensions. mittee on Comm rec. By l\Ir. SHIVELY: .A. bill (S. 3621) for the permanent improvement of the con­ A bill (S. 3584) granting an increase of pension to John sular and diplomatic services; to the Committee on Foreign Sparks; Relations. A bill (S. 3585) granting an increase of pension to William C. A bill ( S. 3022) to amend section 4875 of the Re-vised Stat­ Emison (with accompanying papers) ; and utes, to prmide a compensation for superintendents of national A bill ( S. 3586) granting an increase of pension to Samuel S. cemeteries; to the Committee on Military Affairs. WeaYer (with accompanying papers) ; to the Committee on A bill ( S. 3623) granting an increase of pension to .T osiah Pensions. Wood; to the Committee on Pensions. By Ur. McCUMBER: l\lr. WORKS. I introduce a bill, which I ask to ham re· (By request.) A bill (S. 3587) providing for the payment of ferred to the Committee on Military Affairs. Accompanying the certain sums found due by the auditor of the Supreme Court of bill is a short memorial, which I ask to ha rn printed and the District of Colnmbia under the provisions of the act ap­ referred with tlte bill. proved March 4, 1909, chapter 306; to the Committee on the The bill ( S. 3624) granting to Allan C. Rush the right of way District of Columbia ; and other priYileges for the consh·uction of a suspension bridge A bill ( S. 3588) granting an increase of pension to William H. across the waters of San Francisco Bay to conn~ct the cities of Brooks (with accompanying papers) ; San Francisco and Oakland, Cal., was read twice by its title. .A bill (S. 3589) granting a pension to Otto Paulson (with 'l'he PHESIDE ur pro tempore. Without objection, the me­ accompanying papers) ; morial will be printed (S. Doc. No. 144) and referred to the A bill (S. 3590) granting an increai:e of pension to David Committee on l\liijtary Affairs to accompany the bill. Johnson (with accompanying papers) ; By Ur. WORKS : A. bill ( S. 35Dl) granting an increase of pension to Andrew A bill ( S. 3025) for the purchase or construction of a launch McFarland (with accompanying papers) ; for tlle customs ervice at and in the vicinity of Los .A.ngelt::s, A bill ( S. 3592) ,granting un increase of pension to J :J.I!'les A. Cal. ; to the Committee on Commerce. Todd (with accompanying papers); · By l\Ir. OLIVER: A bill (S. 3593) granting a pension to Tillie A. CoLll'tney A bill (S. 3626) granting a pension to Amelia Wa1kl'r : (with accompanying papefs) ; A bill (K 3627) granting an increase of pension to Willbm C. A bill ( S. 3594) granting an increase of pension to Patrick Williurns ( witll c,ccompanying papers) ; Sullivan (with accompanying papers) ; A bill ( S. 302 ) granting nn increase of 11ension to Henry A bill ( S. 3505) granting an increase of pension to :Mary El Bargerstock (with accompanying papers) ; Hughes (with accompanying papers) ; and A biJl ( S. 3G2!)) granting an increa~e of pension to William C. A bill ( S. 3596) granting an increase of pension to Jerry Torrence (with accompanying papers) ; Butts (with accompanying papers); to the Committee on Pensions. A IJiU (S. 3330) a- ranting an increase of pension to John A. By Mr. STEPHENSON: Montgomery (with acf the Bering Sea arbitration of Paris anti A bill (S. 3600) granting a pension to Louise R. Davis ; to render judgment thereon; to the Committee on Foreign A bill ( S. 3610) granting a pension to Fannie L. Mc Vey; Helations. A bill ( S. 3611) granting an increase of pension to Gottlieb A bill ( S. 3638) for the relief of Norton P. Chipman; to the Ruae · Committee ou Public Lands. A bill (S. 3612) granting an increase of pension to Gustus F. A !Jill (S. 303!)) for the relief of Bernard G. Dingler and John on; others, lately laborers f:mployed by the United States military A bill ( S. 3613) granting an increase of pension to Thomas authorities unde1· the Quartermaster'!'-: Devartment at San N. Primm; and Fra111.!:iisco, Cal.; to the Committee on Claims. 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN ATE. 185

A bill (S. 3640) to amend certain sections of the Revised By Mr. CHILTON: Statutes of the United States, nnd to provide for the desigua­ A bill (S. 3675) to correct the military record of John A. tion of fleet staff officers in the Navy; Patterson; to the Committee on Military Affairs. A bill ( S. 3641) to provide for the deposit in the Treasury By 1\fr. DILLINGHAM: of the United States of moneys unclaimed by next of kin A bill (S. 3676) granting an increase of pension to Manlius belonging to deceased inmates of the naval home or derived Holbrook (with accompanying papers) ; ~ from the sale of their personal effects, and for other purposes; A bill ( S. 3677) granting an increase of pension to John A. A bill (S. 3642) to amend the act of January 25, 1895, as McFeeters (with accompanying papers) ; and amended by the act of l\farch 3, 1901, relative to the administra­ A bill ( S. 3678) granting :m increase of pension to John G. tion of oaths; Smith (with accompanying paper) ; to the Committee on Pen- A !Jill ( S. 3643) to provide for the examination for promo­ sions. - lion of officers of the Navy by a single examining board, and By Mr. CHAl\IBERLAIN: for other purposes; A bill ( S. 3679) granting an increase of pension to Abner E. A bill ( S. 3644) to provide for a reserve of personnel for the Armstrong (with accompanying papers) ; United States Navy and l\Iarine Corps and for its enrollment; A bill ( S. 3680) granting an 1ncrease of pension· to l\Ialchi A bill ( S. 3645) to amend the law providing for the payment Baughman (with accompanying papers) ; of the death gratuity as applicable to the Navy and Marine A bill ( S. 3681) granting an increase of pension to Hiram R. Corps; and McCord (with accompanying papers) ; A bill (S. 3646) to amend an act entitled "An act to promote A bill (S. 3682) granting an increase of pension to Uahlon the administration of justice in the Navy," to amend section Petree (with accompanying papers) ; 1624 of the Revised Statutes, and for other purposes; to the A bill (S. 3683) granting an increase of pension to James Committee on Naval Affairs. Petree (with accompanying papers); and A bill ( S. 3647) granting an increase of pension to Fredericka A bill ( S. 3684) granting un increase of pension to William Trilley; Lyman Chittenden (with accompanying papers) ; to the Com­ A. bill ( S. 3648) granting an increaEe of pension to John A. mittee on Pensions. ' Boulger; and · By l\Ir. OWEN : A bill (S. 3B49) granting an increase of pension to James Gal­ A bill ( S. 3685) authorizing the Secretary of the Interior to lagher; to the Committee on Pensions. permit the Denison Coal Co. to relinqui~h certain lands em­ -By Mr. OVER1\1AN: braced in its existing Choctaw and Chickasaw coal lease, and A bill (S. 3650) for the relief of heirs of Rufus .Avery, de­ for other purposes ; and ceased; to the Committee on Claims. A bill (S. 3686) authorizing the Secretary of the Interior to By Mr. BRADLEY: permit the l\Iissouri, Kansas & Texas Coal Co. and the Eastern A bill (S. 3651) for the relief of Gilbert Wilkerson and Jere­ Coal & Mining Co. to exchange certain lands embraced within miah Sparks, alias Dave Sparks; and their existing coal leases in the Choctaw and Chickaimw Nation A bill (S. 3652) for the relief of the estate of John Westley for other lands within said nation; to the Committee on Indian Eubanks, deceased; to the Committee on Claims. Affairs. A. bill ( S. 3653) granting an increase of pension to Si!as A bill (S. 3687) granting an increase of pension to Robert S. Wilder (with accompanying papers) ; and . Kariho (with accompµ.nying paper) ; and A bill (S. 3654) granting an increase of pension to John A. A bill (S. 3688) granting an increase of pension to Andrew Doan (with accompanying papers) ; to the Comml._ttee on Pen­ McDonal (with accompanying papers) ; to the Committee on sions. Pensions. By l\Ir. BURNHAM: By 1\lr. CRANE : A bill (S. 3689) granting an increase of pension to Edvvin A bill ( S. 3655) granting an increase of pension to Maria L. Underhill; · Miller; A bill (S. 3690) granting an increase of pension to Henry C. A bill { S. 3656) granting an increase of pension :Martin to Carbee; V. B. Knox; and A bill ( S. 3691) granting an increase of pension to Ambrose A bill (S. 3GU7) granting an increase of pension to Matthew A. Stiles; O'Halioran: to the Committee on Pensions. A bill ( S. 3692) granting an increase of pension to Francis ID. By".Mr. MARTIN of Virginia: Stevens; and A bill (S. 3658) for the relief of J. N. Whittaker· to the A bill ( S. 3693) granting an increase of pension to Charles Committee on Claims. ' Morgrage; to the Committee on Pensions. A bill ( S. 3059) granting a pepsion to Sarah F. l\Iaynard · By Mr. SMITH of South Carolina: A bill ( S. 3660) granting a pension to Roland B. Horsley; A joint resolution ( S. J. Res. 62) relating to cotton statist!cs · A bill ( S. 3661) granting a pension to Walter S. Buchanan; to the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. ' and A bill { S. 3662) granting an increase of pension to Rachael UNIVERSITY OF THE UNITED STATES. Chambers; to the Committee on Pensions. Mr. GALLINGER. On the 8th day of .May last I intro­ By .Mr. BORAH: duced for the late Senator from Maine, .!\Ir. E'rye, a bill (S. A bill ( S. 3663) granting an increase of pension to Ozro M. 2056) to establish the University of the United States, which Hale (with accompanying papers) ; was referred to the appropriate committee. I have been re­ A bill ( S. 3064) granting an increase of pension to Louisa A. quested to introduce a bill with some changes from the one Brown (with accompanying papers) ; I formerly inh'oduced, and I ask permission to ha"Ve the former A bill ( S. 3665) granting an increase of pension to Elizabeth bill indefinitely postponed and that this bill be referred to the Lile (with accompanying papers) ; proper committee. A bill ( S. 3666) granting an increase of pension· to Ge..>rge The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Without objection, Senate U. Conner (with accompanying papers); bill 2056 will be indefinitely postponed and tlle bill now intro­ A bill ( S. 3067) granting an increase of pension to DenD.is duced by the Senator from New Hampshire will be read twice McCarty (with accompanying papers) ; by its title. A bill ( S. 3668) granting an increase of pension to J e~se The bill (S. 3559) to establish the UniYersity of tlle United Nott (with accompanying papers); States was read twice by its title and refeq~ed to the Committee A bill ( S. 3060) granting an increase of pension to Eward on the University of the United States. Seaton (with accompanying papers); . ADMINISTRATION OF OATHS. A bill ( S. 3070) grnnting an increase of pension to Sam nel l\l. Skelton (with accompanying papers) ; l\Ir. BURTON. By request I introduce a bill to amend sec­ A bill ( S. 3671) grauting an increase of pension to Elijah H. tion 1 of the Revised Statutes of the United States in relation Spencer (with accompanying papers); and to oaths, which I ask to have read at length, and I pre~ent a A bill ( S. 3672) grunting an increase of pension to Edwin brief accompanying memorial, which I aEk may be printed in E. Austin (with accompanying papers); to the Committee on the RECORD. Pensions. The bill ( S. 3579) to amend section 1 of the Revised Statutes o1 the United States in relation to oaths wns react the first By l\fr. TILL1\1AN: time by its title and the second time at length, as fo1Jm1s: A bill ( S. 3673) granting pensions to Lola B. Hendershott A bHl (S. 3579) to amend section 1 of the Revised Statutes of the and Louise Hendetshott; and United States, in relation to oa ths. - A bill ( S. 3674) granting a pension to Dora D. Walker· to J!e it enactecZ, eto., That section 1 of the Revised Statutes of the the Committee on Pensions. ' United States be amended by adding to the worus "the requireruent l3 fl 86 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. D ECEl\IBER 11, of an oath shall be deemed complied with by making affirmation in I will submit some remarks in support of Senate resolution judicial form " the following clauses : The form of the oath which may be taken or administered in the No. 160, providing for the investigation of the Soldiers' Home, courts or elsewhere under the laws of the United States shall be as at Santa l\fonica, Cal., :ind upon the general subject of the follows : obligation of the Government to the veterans of the CiYil War. First. " In the presence of Almighty God I do solemnly promise (or declare),'' etc. And it shall not be lawful to add to any oath the words HOUSE BILLS REFERRED. "so help me God," or any imprecatory words whatsoever. Second. 'l'he· manner of administering oaths shall be by requiring the The bill (H. R. 13988) to authorize the Director of the Cen­ person making the same to hold up bis hand in token of his recognition sus to collect and publish additional stati tics of tobacco was of the solemnity of the act, except in those cases wherein it shall appear that some other mode is more in accordance with the religious read twice by its title and referred to the Committee on the faith of the swearer. Cen us. The PRESIDEJ\TT pro tempore. The bill will be referred to The bill (H. R. 13278) to authorize the construction of a the Committee on the Judiciary, and without objection the b.ridge across Caddo Lake, in Louisiana, was read twice by its accompanying memorial will be printed in the RECORD. title and referred to the Committe on Commerce. There being no objection, the memorial was referred to the PROPOSED LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM. Committee on the Judiciary and ordered to be printed in the l\fr. NEWLANDS. Mr. President, I desire to caQ up Senate RECORD, as follows : resoluti~n 1'59, regardin_g a legislative program during the pres­ To the honorable the Senate and House of Representatives in Congress ent sess10n. I would like t<:> make a brief statement explana­ assembled: tory of the resolution, without interruption and at its close I We, the undersigned, believing that the imprecatory words " so help me God " and those of like import in the oaths which have long been shall ask unanimous consent for the con id~ration of the reso­ administered in our court a.re but little understood by the majority of lution. those who take them, while they are not essential to the true intent At the last extra se ion of Congres I offered a resolution of the oath as now interpreted and add nothing to the solemnity thereof, would hereby respectfully petition the Congress of the United providing for a legislative Drogram, decJaring it to be the sense States to pass the annexed act, providing a form which has been used of the Senate that legislation should be enacted upon nine sub­ for more than JO years pa t in the State and United States courts jects, and t~at seven .other subjects should be considered by sitting in Maryland. the appropriate committees with a Yiew to leo-islative action Thos. J. :Morris, United States district judge for the district of Maryland; Wm. F. Stone, collector of customs ; J . at the next regular session. This resolution was debated from Barry Mahool, mayor of Baltimore, Md.; Ira Remsen, time to time, but was not acted upon; but of the nine subjects president Johns Hopkins University; Charles J. Bona­ covered by it, six were taken up by Congress and di posed of, parte, late Attorney General of the United States; Edgar Allan Poe, city solicitor, Baltimore City; Geo. namely, (1) the reciprocity bill; (2) the enlargement of the Whitelock, attorney at law and United States commis­ free list of importations; (3) the reduction of duties in the sioner on uniform State laws; Charles F. Thwing, presi­ wooJ, cotton, and steel schedules; ( 4) the publicity of campaign dent of Western Reserve University; Evan H. Hopkins, attorney at law. expenditures; (5) the election of United States Senators by popular vote; and (6) the admission of Arizona and New THE AMERICAN TOBACCO CO. ET AL. Mexico, although in several instances the action of Congress l\1r. CillIMINS. Mr. President, I desire to giYe notice that became inoperative through the veto of the President. on Wednesday of this week, immediately following the routine A KEW LEGISLATIVE PROGRA~I. morning business, I will address the Senate, if it will hear me, upon the importance of securing a review ·by the Supreme Court Last Thursday I offered in th.e Senate a new resolution of the United States of the decree lately entered by the Circuit declaring it to be the sense of the Senate that during th~ Court for the Southern District of New York in The .American present session the appropriate committees should consider and Tobacco Co. case, and upon a bill for that purpose, which I Congress shou1d enact legislation upon 13 subjects 4 of them under .the head of tariffs and taxation, providing for a reduc­ now introduce. ~ The bill (S. 3607) to give the right of appeal. to the Supreme tion of excessive duties in the wool, cotton, and steel schedules ; Court of the United States to certain organizations or persons the enlargement of the free list; the gradual reduction of pro­ ·in the suit of the United States v. The American Tobacco Co. hibitory duties; and an increase in the corporation tax suffi­ et al. was read twice by its title. cient to make up any deficit in reTenue ns a result of the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator desire retluctions of customs duties; 3 under the head of interstate that the bill lie upon the table until after he addresses the commerce, providing for the physical \aluntion of railroads as a factor in rate regulation, pre1enting stock watering, and pro­ Senate? Mr. CU.l\DIINS. I am quite willing that it be referred at this viding for an interstate trade commission, with power~ over interstate trade similar, so far as practicable, to those pos­ time to the Committee on the Judiciary. sessed by the Interstate Commerce Commission regarding inter­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will be l'eferred to state transportation; and se...-eral other subjects, relating to the Committee on the Judiciary. reform in our banking system, the de1eJopment and regulation GOVERNMENT-OWNED RAILROAD IN ALASKA. of our ri'rers by cooperation of the scientific senices and the l\lr. LA FOLLETTE. Mr. President, I submit an amend­ cooperation of the Nation with tlle States in both plans and ment which I propose to offer to the bill ( S. 3124) to 11rovide works, the protection of our natural re ources against mon.0110- for the leasing of coal and coal lands in the Territory of listic control, the upbuilding of an .American merchant marine .Alaska. The llroposed amendment prortdes for the construc­ by free entry to all ships, where1er built, the constructi.on of an tion and operation of a Government-owned railroad in Alaska. auxiliary navy, to be used in time of war in aid of our fighting I ask to ham the amendment printed and referred to the Com­ ships and in time of peace in ervice through the Panama mittee on Public Lands, having charge of that bill. Canal and establishing new routes of commerce with foreign The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The amendment will be countries through lease to shipping companies; and, finally, printed and referred to the Committee on Public Lands. the reduction of our military expense to a sum not exceeding $200,000,000 annually for our .Army and Navy through the aid THE ARLINGTON ESTATE, VIRGINIA. of a military board to l>e selected by the President. Mr. PERYJNS submitted an amendment proposing to transfer THE INITIATIVE IX LEGISLATION. and place under the control and jurisdiction of the Navy De­ Under our form of go\ernment the initiative in legislation partment for use for na Yal purposes certain GoYernment land is gi\-en by the recommendation of the President, acting .under in Alexandria County, Va. known as the Arlington estate, etc., his constitutional power. But this initiatiYe means little unless intended to be pron_osed by him to the narnl appropriation bill, the party to which the President belongs is in power in both which was refc:rrea to the Committee on Naval Affairs and Hou es and unless the President is the leader of a harmonious ordered to be printed. party. Neither of these conditions exists to-day. The Hou e HEARINGS BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE. is Democratic whilst the executive departments and the Senate .Mr. KELSON submitted foe following resolution ( S. Ues. are under Republican control, but in the Senate the dominant 164), which was read and referred to the Committee to Audit party is so divided a""uinst itself that harmony of action does aucl Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate: not exist upon important matters. Rcs oli:erl, That the Committee on Commerce, 01· any subcommittee In England nnd other countries where a responsible ministry thereof, be authorized to send for persons and papers and to administer exists the initiative in legislation is giYen to it, and it is oaths, and to employ a stenographer to report uch hearings as may charged with the responsibility of framing Go...-ernment measures be had in connection with any subject which may be pending before said committee, and to have the same printed for its use, the expenses which are submitted to the legislative body and supported by thereof to be paid out of the contingent fund of the Senate; and that such ministry through all the staO'es of legislative action. the committee or any subcommittee thereof may sit during the sessions Under our form of government there is no responsible of the Senate. ministry, and the initiative for legislation re ts entirely upon NATIONA.~ SOLDIERS' HOME, SANTA MONICA, CAL. the individual members of the Senate or of the House. It is Mr. WOUKS. l\Ir. Pre ident, I desire to give notice that on true that under the custom of the parties the Speaker of the Thursday next, immediately after the routine morning business, House and the leader of the dominant party in the Senate. 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 187 with the aid of trusted leaders, have had much to do with and inclusion we can in a few days get a definite expression of shaping legislation; but under the new era all such power is opinion by the Senate as to what subjects it considers important prncticalJy taken away from the Speaker and-his powers now ones for immediate action. The resolution can be so framed as are simply those of a presiding officer, who is supposed to not to commit those who vote upon it definitely to support it preside fairly and impartially o-ver a bipartisan House. The as a whole or in its several details. It simply calls for an ex­ Senate has also gone through a radical change. It is now a pression of opinion as to the matters that are important for self-governing body, free from oligarchical control. It has consideration and an outline of the general view of the Senate emancipated itself from individual and committee tyranny as to the form of the measures. and to-day the committees are regarded simply as the servants As yet, Mr. President, there is little before the Senate for its of the Senate and the Senate as a body is master of its own action, and there will probably be little until some time after business. the holidays. We are now meeting only at 2 o'clock because of THE OPINION OF TIIE SEX.A.TE SHOULD BE ORGANIZED FOR TilE INITIATIO~ tlle lack of legislative business, and we are adjourning for inter­ OF LEGISLATION. vals of two or three days on account of the same lack. I there­ Under present conditions of lack of harmonious· support of fore suggest that no more appropriate time could be secured for the President's recommendations by his party and Jack of the consideration of this resolution; that we can take it up ha!·mony of partisan control between the two bodies, the claim section by section for amendment or adoption, !Ind that a final is publicly made, both by members of the two bodies and also vote can be had at an early day. by orominent journals and periodicals, that this Congress is Now, Mr. President, without asking for the reading of my to be fruitless of fesults; that nothing will be done except .resolution, which is on the desks of Senators, and requesting politics; and that both the President and the two legislative merely that it be printed in the RECORD in connection with my bodies, insensible to the demands of the country for needed remarks, I ask unanimous consent for the present consideration legislation, will simply shape their action with -a view to of the resolution, and that it be regarded as the unfinished getting some advantage during the next campaign. business until it is disposed of. I can not imagine anything that will tend so much to The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from N

diminution of the construction of fighting ships and the substitution intended to cover some phase of the child life of this Republic. of auxiliary ships, with a view to the creation o! a well-proportioned and efficient Navy. And the Congress will pass it unless the Congresses to come in MILITARY EXI'E~SES. the next few years are wiser than the Congresses which have . Thirteenth. For the more efficient administration and cooperation of gone in the last few years . the Army and Navy an~ the reduction of the total Army and Navy expense to not exceeding $200,000,000 annually through the aid o:t a There is no subject under heaven that Congress is not now board of Army and Naval officers, to be selected by the President. asked to legislate upon, and very few upon which Congress The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Nevada refuses to legislate. The first Congress which assembled under asks u!lanimous consent for the immediate consideration of the the Constitution of this Republic passed less than a hundred resolution. Is there objection? bills. Indeed, sir, as I now recall there were less than a hun­ 1\Ir. LODGE. I object. . dred bills introduced; and we must not forget that that Con· Mr. CULLOM. I move that the Senate proceed to the con­ gress was required to put into operation the greatest govern­ sideration of executive business. mental experiment in all history. During the last Congress­ l\fr. NEWLANDS. Before that motion is put, may I state for the record for this Congress has not yet been made up­ that to-morrow I will move that the Senate take up the resolu­ there were 40,000 bills introduced. Think, -Ur. President! A tion for consideration until its final disposition. Republic 125 years old with 40,000 things left undone that Mr. BORAH. .l\lr. President-- ought to ha\e been done. What a hopeless picture it presents ! The PRESIDE..rlT pro tempore. Will the Senator from Illi­ And, sir, if now after having attempted to supervise every­ nois withhold his motion for a moment, so the Senator from thing else we enter the home and supersede the authority of. Idaho may present a matter? the mother and the father and undertake 'to subject their chil­ Mr. CULLOM. I will. dren to the supervision of the Federal Goyemment, then,. indeed,. PROPOSED CHILDREN'S BUREAU. we may despair. , When I took the ffoor I intended to1 tant past- the morning l\Ir. BORAH. Mr. Presiaent, I ask unanimous consent for hour so as to carry this bill over. But as I have been speakin"' the consideration of the bill (S. 252) to establish in the Depart­ I am tempted by a kind of curiosity to refrain and let it com~ ment of Commerce and Labor a bureau to be known as the to a vote and see if the Senate of the United Stutes is ready children's bureau, now upon the calendar under Rule VIII. to pass a bill of this kind. This bill, Mr. President, is the ~aine as that which the Senate Mr. HEYBURN. Mr. Presid'ent, r srrggest the. ufjsenc~ of a passed at its last session, after some considerable discussion quorum. and some amendments offered in the Senate. The bill was The PRESIDE1'"'T pro tempore. The· Secretary- will call the passed, and this bill is the same as the bill which we amended roll. and finally passed in the Senate. I ask unanimous consent for The Secretary called the. roll,. :rmI the.' folfawfug· Senato~ an­ its consideration at this time. swered to ·their names : The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection to the Bacon Clarke, Ark. Lorilner Shivelr. present consideration of the bill? . Bailey Crawford l\fcCumber Smith, Ga. There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of Bankhead Culberson McLean Smith, S..C.. the Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. Borah Cullom Martin, Va• . Smoot Bourne Curtis Martine,.N. J . Stephen.son The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Secretary will read the Briggs Dixon Myers Taylor bill. Bristow du Pont Nelson Thornton The Secretary read the bill. It proposes to establish in the Brown Gallinger O'Gorman Tillman Bryan Gardner Overman Warren Department of Commerce and Labor a bureau to be Imown as Burnham Gore Owen Williams the children s bureau, to be under the direction of a chief, to Burton Gronna Page Wor:ks be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and Chamberlain Heyburn Percy Chilton Hitchcock Perkins ~onsent of" the Senate, who shall receive an annual compensa­ Clark, Wyo; Lodge Rayner tion of $5,000. The bureau is to inT"estigate and report upon all matters pertaining to the welfare of children and child life, Mr. CHILTON. I wish to announce· that my- colleague [Mr. especially the questions of infant mortality, the birth rate, W aTSON] is necessarily absent from the city. orphanage, jm-enile courts, desertron, dangerous occupations, The PRESIDE11T pro tempore. Fifty-three Senators have accidents and diseases of children, employment, legislation af­ responded to their names. A quorum is present. The bill is fecting children in the several States and Territories, and such before the Senate as in Committee of the Whole mid open to other facts as ha·rn a bearing upon the welfare of children. amendment. Mr. BAILEY. Mr. Pre ident, a parliamentary inquiry. Mr. HEYBURN. I understand that the measure called UJJ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Texas by my colleague during the morning hour is now the order of will state his parliamentary inquiry. business. Mr. BAILEY. Is the bill now before the Senate? The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It was called up by unani­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Unanimous consent was mous con ent. given for its considerntion. Mr. HEYBURN. I understand. l\1r. BAILEY. My attention was diverted for a moment, or The PRESIDENT pro tem~ore. And it is being considered I should undoubtedly have objected to its consideration. It is by unanimous consent. bad enough for any government to assume supervision of Mr. HEYBURN. The morning hour has expired. I merely children, but for the Federal Govemment to do it, it seems to wanted to know by what means the bill came o-ver from the me, is utterly indefensible. But of course as it is before the morning hour. Senate we will ha-ve something to say ab-Out it in another way. The PRESIDE1''T pro tempore. The morning hour does not The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill is before the Senate ~pire until 4 o'clock. . as in Committee of the Whole and open to amendment. l\fr. HEYBURN. Yes; it is the first hour thnt luLs expired. Mr. BAILEY. l\Ir. President, I suppo e it is a waste of time I was somewhat confused by reason of the change in the hour to detain the Senate with a protest against legislation of this of meeting. kind. We ba:.-e for a hundred years or more left these matters The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill is as in Committee concerning children to the proper authorities, which are the of the Whole and open to amendment. mothers, fathers, ::md guardians, and in that hundred years Mr. HEYBURN. I understood that the Senator from Texas we have reared such children as the Senator from Idaho; and intimated he would speak further on the subject. a system which has produced him does not need much apology l\Ir. BAILEY. No; Mr. President, I had intended to do that Qr much ru:nendment. We ha·re produced the greatest race of when I took the floor, but I concltrded to see the sense of the men and women that ever blessed any land in the history of Senate tested on it. I yielded the floor so as to see the vote. the world, and us for my part I am not willing to invoke the Mr. HEYBURN. :\Ir. President, I should like to SPe the Government's aid in this greatest of all work. sense of the Senate tested upon this question, and I had that in. Men who are familiar with the course of legislation under­ minc1 when I asked for the presence of a quorum. ThE'J'e is a stnnd perfectly thnt these matters come first in the shape of \ery meager attendance of the Senate to pass upon a question requests for statistics, and they are invariably followed then of this kind, which involves the organization of a new branch by legislation. Unless the Congress of the United States in­ and a new character of government I should dislike to see tends to predicate some legislation upon these statistics, then such a question disposed of under existing circumstances. it has no right to appropriate the public money for their This measure on its face proposes the establishment of a collection. bureau, the salaries of which amount to 25,000 a year. We Another sh: years will find not the Senator from Idaho I do it in rather a careless, offhand manner. It seems to me, hope-tllongh I hope another six years will find him in the aside from the fin_ancial proposition, ns suggested by the Senator Senate-but as certain as he remains here he will find that from Texas, there is a principle invol\ed in it that ought to some other. Senator will be asking this body to enact legislation receive more than the mere passing consideration of the body. )

1911. . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. 189

:Mr. BORAH. 1\fr. President-- visions of law, then the police department of the Governrr~ent The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from Idaho may deal with it. yield to his colleague? A few weeks ago I read in one of the papers of this city hn Mr. HEYBURN. Certainly. accotmt of an attempt that was made to take childrep. away Mr. BORAH. I did not anticipate that there was any desire from the parents, who were recently foreigners, because the to debate the bill at length when I called it up. I have no wish, committee did not approve of the manner in which the children of course, to prevent discussion. Perhaps the Senate did not ·were being raised and cared for. The development of the facts expect the bill to be called up to-day, and I am quite willing to showed that the children were being reared and cared for ac­ convenience those who desire to discuss it, if Senators so de­ cording to the rules that had always existed among that c~ass sire. While I will not insist upon proceeding to-day I sh~H feel of people of that nationality. And yet the old saying that old that within a reasonable time the bill ought to be bronght up bachelors' and old maids' children are better cared for than again. anybody else's arose in my mind as being a suggestion worthy Mr. CULLOM. If in order, I will move that the Senate pro­ of some consideration. ceed to the consideration of executive business. Now, Mr. President, anxious as I am that the sen~e of the Mr. HEYBURN. I do not care to yield the floor for a motion Senate may be tested, I sincerely hope that no final action v.-ill of that kind until I have completed what little I haTe to say. I be taken upon this class of legislation. No one can be more took the floor for the purpose of establishing a status for this sympathetic than I am with the needs, the welfare, and the proposed legislation, and before we lay it aside, as I will be comfort of the children of the country, but I am not willing neeessarily absent for a day or two, I desire to have some status to substitute any other control for that of the parent. I would established for the bill so that we will know what we may control the parents, if necessary, when they would violate the expect. recognized rules of the domestic establishment. I would con­ I am not going to discuss the bill at length, but I am very trol the parents, but I would do it through the police law;-:; of loath to see the matter come to a vote under the circumstances. the land, the local laws. This is no question for the Genera L It is one of those bills whose only recommendation is its title. Government to take up; it is a question of local legislation, if Such bills are not ·infrequent. If you introduced a measure it is one for legislation at all. here, "Resolved, That the Congress of the United States is in What will it be next? Every imaginable scheme that may favor of the eternal salvation of mankind," it would doubtless afford a hook upon which to hang a bill seems to be conjured be passed because people would not dare to vote against it. In­ up. I will not speak in disrespect of proposed legislation in­ troduce a bill here for the protection of the children of the troduced by any Senator, but I think a little more conservative country and the title is such as to warn Senators against and careful consideration to the purposes of legislation, to the declaring themselves as n·ot being in favor of that kind of functions of the General Government, would avoid the embar­ lE-gislation. rassment and the labor involved in the consideration of a great I had sincerely hoped that the Senator from Texas would many of these measures, the thousands of bills, which are pro­ develop the ideas he suggested, because I am in accord with posed. The homes of the country are best protected through bis -views so far he has expressed himself. Personally I did the local environment and functions. A.re we to create, as this not desire to enter upon the discussion of it, not feeling quite contemplates, in every State and Territory and corner of the equal to it physically, but I must be equal to the performance United States a nursery that shall pass upon the wisdom of of a duty when it is thrust upon me. the mothers and the fathers of the land? Are we, as this con­ Briefly, Mr. President, I desire to suggest that this class of templates, to appoint Federal officers to superintend the nur­ lt-gislation has been growing upon us; that is to say, the fre­ series of the country or the cradles of Uie poor? A.re we quency of and insistence for this class of legislation seem to be through this agency to attempt to say what school of medicine growing with accelerated speed. The jurisdiction established shall be inYoked for the assistance of the child that is ill? over the children of mankind in the beginning of the human Are we to provide that some one may step in and be substi­ race has worked out very well. It is in accord with the rules tuted for the parent in the care of the child merely because of nature. It is based not upon duty but upon the human of a difference of opinion? I think not. I think ~e had better instinct. that establishes the principle upon which all duties go slowly. This is very early in the session. It is the first !'est. The mother needs no admonition to care for the child, nor day upon which any attempt has been made at legislation, and does the father. The exceptions to that rule are such as those a measure of this kind which establishes, or attempts to estab­ to the rule against the taking of human life. We have laws lish, a new principle of government should not be forced to a providing for the punishment of those who destroy human life, final vote thus early in the session. I do not believe that Sena­ but as compared with the human family the instances in which tors have given the attention to this matter which should be it is necessary to invoke th.em are rare. given to it before action upon it. I admit the committee, This has another element wrapped up within it that we ought doubtless, has given serious consideration to it. It is a pathetic not to lose sight of. While upon the face of this measure it subject. It is one difficult to oppose. No one would oppose merely provides for the taking of statistics, the accumulati~u the principle of caring for the children. It is only a question of knowledge, yet we know from other measures which have as to who shall perform this flmction and how it shall b~ per­ been introduced, some from the same source, that it contem­ formed and the extent to which the Government may interpose plates the establishment of a control, through the agencies of itself between the wisdom of the parent and the conditions government, over the rearing of children. There are other which surround the child. measures now pending in committees of this body going much My heart has been moved all my life by the pathetic condi­ further, going to the extent of interference with the control of tions which confront every man, but I am not convinced that a parent o-ver the child. I believe I read on Saturday a bill legislation by the Congress of the United States can afford which has been introduced that pre-vents the employment of any remedy against the frailties of judgment or the conditions any child under 16 years of age, without any accompanying pro­ which surround the human family in this regard. vision for the maintenance of the parents who, by reason of age We have mo~:t of the information called for in this measure. or infirmity, can not provide for their own wants. That is We get it through the census. We can now, through the cen­ what f call a poorhouse bill. It is a bill that would result in sus, without any further legislation or extension of the power the necessity of aged or infirm parents going to the public alms­ of the Government, add to the information to the full extent house, notwithstanding there were strong, hustling sons 14 and called for by this measure. That class of census work may go 15 years of age. on at any time. We may by resolution instruct the Census These suggestio]ls arise out of any con~ideration that may be Bureau to acquire all of this information, and we need no given to this class of legislation. It is the class of legislation other legislation than that; but this bill proposes to establish that I object to, because as yet this bill does not enter into a bureau and to fix salaries. details to an extent which would enable one to criticize it, ex­ Mr. President, I &incerely hope that those Senators who ure cept _uporr the general principle involved in it. We have some­ present here to-day will not assume to foreclose this question times an oversupply of sympathy, or that which is supposed against a consideration and a vote by a full Senate. I shall to be based upon sympathy for our fellow kind, sympathy for not vote for it. the children whose condition in life is not as favorable as that Mr. BORAH. .l\Ir. President, do I understand that my col­ of some other children. Our sympathies are human; you can league wishes to discuss this matter further at some other time. not avoid them; but those- clothed with the responsibility of l\fr. HEYBURN. No; I will >ote on it. That is all. government must be on guard against being swept away on un­ Mr. BORAH. I do not know, then, why we should not have safe seas in legislation. a vote upon the bill. This is not a proper subject for legislation. It is a po~ice The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill is before the measure. If children are not cared for within the recognized Senate as in Committee of the Whole, and open to amendment. r ules of humanity, or if they are neglected in violation of pro- The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment. 190 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. DECE:MBER 11,

Mr. NEWLANDS. l\fr. President, I should like to ask the ary 1, 1908. His present appointment will expire by limitation Senator from· Idaho whether there is any special reason for December 31, 1911. nssigning this proposed bureau to the Department of Commerce PROMOTIONS IN THE NAVY. and Labor? Woulcl it not be better to assign it to the Interior Department? That department now has charge, I think, of Commander Philip Andrews, United States Navy, to be Chief most of the charities with which the Government is associated of the Bureau of Navigation, 'in the Department of the Navy, in any 'vay, and its very uame would indicate that it should with the rank of rear admiral, for a period of four years from have jurisdiction over such organizations as are contemplated the 1st day of January, 1912. by the bill. ,. Lieut. (Junior Grade) Wolcott E. Hall to be a lieutenant in Mr. BORAH. That was a matter which had consideration the Navy from the 26th day of October, 1911, to fill a vacancy. before the committee, and the bill was originally drawn in ac­ POSTMASTERS. cordance with the suggestion of the Senator from Nernda, bt1t CALIFORNIA. Riter considerable hearing, both from the departments and from the people who ha-ve given this matter a great deal of Harry J. Lawton to be postmaster at Fellows, Cal. Office consideration, it was changed. But, .Mr. President, since the became presidential October 1, 1911. Senator from Nevada has asked the question, another Senator DELAWARE. bas requested that the bill go over, and, as I have said, it having been called up rather suddenly, I do not desire to urge John W. Brown to be postmaster at Newark, Del., in place of it against any Senator's personal request. That request having Delaware Clark, deceased. been made, I will not urge the bill to a vote to-day. ILLINOIS. The PRESIDENT pro t~mpore. The bill will go over. John W. Allen to be postmaster at New Windsor, Ill. Office TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND RUSSIA. became presidential January 1, 1911. Edwin Drury to be postmaster at Wilmette, Ill., in place of Mr. CULBERSON. .Mr. President, with reference to the Edwin Drury. Incumbent's commission expires December 11, joint resolution ( S. J. Res. 60) providing for the termination 1911. of the treaty of commerce and navigation between the Tinited .Mary F. Marsh to be postmaster at Bowen, Ill., in place of States of America and nussia, concluded at St. Peter~burg Mary F. Marsh. Incumbent's commission expires December 11, December 1 , 1832, when introduced by me, I asked that it lie 1911. . . • on the ·table with a \iew of submitting some remarks on it be­ Isaac Newland to be postmaster at Colchester, Ill., in place fore reference to a committee. An arrangement, however, has of Isaac Newland. Incurnbent's commission expires December been made for a hearing before the Senate Committee on For­ 11, 1911. eign Relations on Wednesday next. In view of that, I ask that David F. Wilcox to be postmaste1· at Quincy, Ill., in place the joint resolution be taken from the table and referred to of David F. Wilcox. Incumbent's commission expires Decem­ that committee. ber 11, 1911. The PRESIDE~'T pro tempore. Is there objection 1 The INDIANA. Chair hears none, n.nd it is so ordered. EXECUTIIB SESSION. Juanita Bond to be postmaster at Oaktown, Ind. Office be­ came presidential October 1, 1911. l\lr. CULLOM. I morn that the Senate proceed to the con­ siclera tion of e.~ecuti\e business. IOWA. The motion was agreed to, and the Senate proceeded to the James Beard to be postmaster at .Mount Ayr, Iowa, in place consideration of executive business. After five minutes spent of James Beard. Incurnbent's commi sion expires December in executirn session the doors were reopened, and (at 3 o'ciock 11, 1911. and 30 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, William Horsfall to be postmaster at George, Iowa, in place Tuesday, December 12, 1911, at 2 o'clock p. m. of William Horsfall. Incumbent's com.mi sion expired Decem­ ber 9, 1011. Charles H. Read to be postmaster at A\oca, Iowa, in place of NO::.\HNATIONS. Charles H. Read. Incumbent's commission expires December Executi'l:e nominations rccci'l:cd by tltc Senate December 11, 1911. 11, 1911. William C. Williams to be postma ter at Atlantic, Iowa, in S"GPERnsING INSPECTOR, STEAMBOAT-INSPECTION SERVICE. place of William c. Williams. Incnmbent's commission expired John K. Bulger, of California, to be supenising inspector, June 29, 1910. first district, Steamboat-Inspection Service, Department of Com- LOUISIANA. merce und Labor, vice John Bermingham. Joseph T. Labit to be postmaster at Abbeville, La., in place UNITED STATES ~l.ABSHALS. of Joseph T. Labit. Incumbent's commission expires December Eugene P. Nute, of New Hampshire, to be United States 12, 1911. marshal for the district of New Hampshire. (A reappointment, MAINE. his term expiring Dec. 18, 1911.) Malcolm B. Folsom to be postmaster at Greenville, Me., in James .M. Yeager, of Pennsyl\ania, to be United States mar­ place of Lindley H. Folsom, resizned. . shal for the middle district of Pennsyl·rnnia. (A reappointment, Ellery W. Wentworth to be postmaster at Winthrop, l\Ie., in his term expiring Dec. 20, 1911.) place of Ellery W. Wentworth. Incumbents commission ex­ APPOINTMENTS IN THE A:RMY. pired December 10, 1911. COAST ARTILLERY CORPS. .MARYLAND. Le\in Hicks CampbeH, jr., of New York, late midshipman, William B. Cutshall to be postmaster at Woodsboro, .Md., in United States Na-ry, to be second lieutenant in the Coast Artil- place of :Morris L. Smith, removed. lery Corps, with rank from December 2, 1911. MASSACHUSETTS. , PORTO RICO REGUIENT OF INFANTRY. George Bliss to be postmaster at West Warren, Mass., in Serafin l\lanuel l\fontesinos, of Porto Rico, to be second lieu­ place of George Bliss. lncumbent's commission expired Decem­ tenant in the Porto Rico Regiment of Infantry, with rank from ber 10, 1911. December 8, 1911. Alfred G. Cone to be postmaster at Haydenville, .Mnss., in Pedro Angel Hernandez, of Porto Rico, to be second lieuten­ place of Alfred G. Cone. Incurnbent's commi sion expires De­ ant in the Porto Rico Regiment of Infantry, with rank from cember 11, 1911. December 8, 1911. Richard J . Considine to be postmaster at Whitmrrn, l\lass., in FIELD ARTILLERY. place of Richard .T. Considine. Incumbenfs corumis ion expires The nomination of Newton Napoleon Polk, of Tennessee, for December 11, 1911. appointment as second lieutenant of Ca\alry, which was sub­ Frank W . Goodwin to be postmaster at l\farb1ehead, l\Iass., in mitted to the Senate on December 7, 1911, withdrawn, and nomi­ place of Benjamin ~,. Martin, deceaE'ed. nate him for appointment as second lieutenant of :F'ield Artillery, MICHIGAN. with rank rrom October 7, 1911. Edwin L. Clapp to be postmaster at CenterYille, Mich., in REAPPOINTMENT IN THE MMY. place of Edwin L. Clapp. Incumbent's cornmi sion expires PAY DEPARTMENT. December 11, 1911. Brig. Gen. Charles H. Whipple, Paymaster General, to be Pay­ Peter Johnson to be postmaster at at Thompsom·ille, Mich., in master General with the rank of brigadier general for the period place of Peter Johnson. Incumbent's commis ion expired De­ of four years begirming January 1, 1912, with rank from Janu- cember 9, 1911. 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 191

James Millen to be postmaster at White Cloud, Mich., in PENNSYLVANIA. place of John Harwood. Incumbent's commission expired Jan- Harry W. Fabian to be postmaster at Economy, Pa. Office uary 10, 1911. · became presidential October 1, 1911. Harry E. Potter to be postmaster at East Jordan, Mich., in Pearl T. Feist to be postma8ter at White Haven, Pa., in place of Frank A. Kenyon, resigned. place of William A. Feist, deceased. . Fred Wade to be postmaster at Saugatuck, l\Iich., in place of Mertie T. Gillies to be posbnaster at Devon, Pa., in place of Fred Wade. Incumbent's commission expires December ll, Mertie T. Gillies. Incumbent's commission expired December 1911. 10, 1911. Ilobert J. West to be postmaster at Deckerville, l\Iich., in Frank R. Hammond to be postmaster at Bolivar, Pa. Office place of Robert J. West. Incumbent's commission expires De­ became presidential October 1, 1911. cember 11, 1911. William V. Marshall to be postmaster at Berlin, Pa., in place MINNESOTA. of William V. Marshall. Incumbent's comm.ission expired Fe.b­ William T. Callahan to be postmaster at Long Prairie, Minn., ruary 15, 1911. in place of William T. Callahan. Incambent's commission ex­ William E. Moody to be postmaster at Tremont, Pa., in place 29, 1910. of William El. Moody. In.cumbent's commission expires De­ pired May ./ MISSOURI. cember 17, 1911. Homer Calkins to be postmaster at Pacific, l\Io., in place of Joseph F. Naugle to be postmaster at .Meyersdale, Pa., in place Sebastian Netscher, removed. of Joseph F. Naugle. Incumbent's commission expired De­ Elizabeth Cornwall to be posbnaster at Rolla, Mo., in place of cember 10, 1911. Elizabeth Cornwall. Incumbent's commission expires December 'l'homas K. PulJin to be postmaster at Confluence, Pa., in place of Thomas K. Pullin. Incumbent's commission expired 11, mu. January 22, 1911. MON"TANA. SOUTH DA.KOTA. Raymond E. Northey to be postmaster at Sidney, Mont., in Fred Huston to be postmaster at Gregory, S. Dak., in place place of Arthur E. Northey, resigned. of Fred Huston. Incumbent's commission expires December 11, NEBRASKA. 1911. Carl A. Anderson to be postmaster at Wausa, Nebr., in place TEXAS. of Carl A. Anderson. Incumbent's commission expires Dee:em­ Harry R. Gray to be postmaster at Bonham, Tex., in place of ber 11, 1911. Laura Marlin. Incumbent's commission expires December 16, Ethel Hopkins to be postmaster at Oakland, Nebr., in place 1911. . of Ethel Hopkins. · Incumbent's commission expired Dedm:ber William Gilford to be postmaster at Thornton, Tex., in place 9, 1911. of William Gilfo1d. Incumbent's commissfon expires December Clayton Kellam to be postmaster at Franklin, Nebr., in p~ace 16, 1911. of Clayton Kellam. Incumbent's commission expired December George H. Griffin to be postmaster at .1\lilford, Tex., in place 9, 1911. . of George H. Griffin. Incumbent's commission expires Decem­ Edward H. Mack to be postmaster at Bancroft, Nebr., in p!ace ber 16, 1911. of Edward H. Mack. Incumbent's commission expired De.:cm­ Otto Heilig to be postmaster at New Braunfels, Tex., in place ber 9, 1911; of Otto Heilig. Incumbent's commission expires December 16, NEVADA. 1911. Michael J. Moore to be postmaster at Rhyolite, Nev., in p!ace J. S. Noble to be postmaster at Como, Tex. Office became presidential October 1, 1911. of Michael J. Moore. Incumbent's commission expires De~em­ ber 11, 1911. Sloan Simpson to be postmaster at Dallas, Tex., in place of NEW HAMPSHIRE. Sloan Simpson. Incumbent's commission expires December 16, 1911. Lewis W. Davis to be postmaster at East Jaffrey, N. H., Henry 0. Stansbury to be postmaster at Rosebud, Tex., in in place of Lewis W. Davis. Incumbent's commission expires place of Henry 0. Stansbury. Incumbent's commission expires December 11, 1911. December 16, 1911. · Alpheus Lester Faunce to be postmaster at Somersworth, Terrell 0. Taylor to be postmaster at Hempstead, Tex., in N. H., in place of Alpheus Lester Faunce. Incumbent's com­ place of Terrell 0. Taylor. Incumbent's commission expires mission expired December 10, 1911. December 16, 1911. Andrew J. Hook to be postmaster at Warner, N. H., in Frank S. Way to be postmaster at Taylor, Tex., in place of place of Andrew J. Hook. Incumbent's commission expires Carrie E. Hoke. Incumbent's commission expired January 22, December 11, 1911. 1911. NEW JERSEY. UTAH. • Lewis A. Waters to be postmaster at Madison, N. J., in Samuel Judd to be postmaster at St. George, Utah, in place of place of Lewis A. Waters. Incumbent's commission expires Samuel Judd. Incumbent's commission expires December 11, December 18, lDll. 1911. NEW YORK. WASHINGTON. Henry C. Lyman to be postmaster at Sherburne, N. Y., in Alphonso F. Learned to be postmaster at Port Townsend, place of John H. O'Brian, resigned. . Wash., in place of Alphonso F. Learned. Incumbent's commis­ Elbert El. Makepeace to be postmaster at Alexandria Bay, sion expires December 11, 1911. N. Y., in place of Elbert E. Makepeace. Incumbent's commis­ Edson S. Phipps to be postmaster at Mount Vernon, Wash., in sion expires December 17, 1911. place of Edson S. Phipps. Incumbent's commission expires Warren Salisbury to be postmaster at Blasdell, N. Y. Office December 11, 1911. became presidential October 1, 1911. Carey W. Stewart to be postmaster at Quincy, Wash., in place Myron E. Stephens to be postmaster at Gardiner, N. Y. of Carey W. Stewart. Incumbent's commission expires Decem.. Office became presidential July 1, 1911. ber 11, 1911. Theodore F. Tompkins to be postmaster at Yorktown Hejghts, Maude Volz to be postmaster at Washtucna, Wash. Office N. Y. Office becam~ presidential October 1, 1911. became presidential October 1, 1911. OHIO. Lewis C. Weik to be postmaster at Odessa, Wash., in p1ace of Lewis C. Weik. Incumbent's commission expires December 11, John H. Culhan to be postmaster at Washington Courthouse, 1911. Ohio, in place of John H. Culhan. Incumbent's commission WEST VIRGINIA. expires December 16, 1911. Henry N. Bradley to be postmaster at Charles Town, W. Va. William E. Moulton to be postmaster at Canal Fulton, Ohio, (late Charlestown), in place of Henry N. Bradley. (To change in place of William E. Moulton. Incumbent's commission ex­ name of office.) pires December 18, 1911. Thad T. Huffman to be postmaster at Keyser, W. Vn., in OREGON. place of Thad T. Huffman. Incumbent's commission expires Edwin S. Abbott to be postmaster at Seaside, Oreg., in place December 18, 1911. of Edwin S. Abbott. Incumbent's commission expires Decem­ Ernest L. Love to be postmaster at Grafton, W. Va., in place ber 11, 1911. of Ernest L. Love. Incumbent's commission expired December Marshel E. Merwin to be postmaster at Independence, Oreg., 5, 1911. in place of Marshel E. Merwin. Incumbent's ·commission ex­ Josephine B. Marks to be postmaster at Walton, W. Va. pired February 13, 1911. Office became presidential January 1, 1911. il92 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE.- DECEMBER 11,

Thomas E. Pownall to be postmaster at Romney, W. Va., in a Commerce Court, approved June 18, 1910 (36 Stat., 556). The plaee of Thomas E. Po\\11all. Inc:umbent's commission expired report evidences for itself the careful consideration which it December 9, 1911. has received from the commission, and I heartily concur in the WISCONSIN. recommendations it contains and urge that appropriate action Samuel W. Everson to be postmaster at Lodi, Wis., in place be taken to carry these recommendations into effect. of Samuel W. E·rerson. Incumbent's commission expires De­ WM. H. TAFT. cember 11, 1911. THE WHITE HousE, f!ecernber 11, 1911. Edwin F . Ganz to be postmaster at Alma, Wis., in place of ISTHMIAN CANAL COMMISSION (H. DOC. NO. 162). Edwin F. Ganz. Incumbent's commission expires December 18, 1911. The SPEAKER also laid before the House the following mes­ sage from the President of the United States, which was read Henry C. Gier to be postmaster at l\1ount Horeb, Wis., in place of Henry C. Gier, Incnmbent's commission expires De­ and, with accompanying documents, referred to the Committee cember 11, 1911. on Interstate and Foreign Commerce and ordered to be printed : P. l\I. Jacobson to be postmaster at Burlington, Wis., in place To the Senate and House of Representatives: of Fred J. Buell, deceased. I transmit herewith, pursuant to the requirements of chapter 1302, Thirty-second Statutes, page 483, "An act to provide for the construction of a canal connecting the waters of the Atlantic CONFIRMATIONS. arnl Pacific Oceans," approved June 28, 1902, the annual° report Executi'Ce nominations confinned by the Senate Deceniber 11, of the Isthmian Canal Commission for the fiscal year endoo June 1911. 30, 1911. POSTMASTERS. W:ru . H. TAFT. ALABA1£A. THE WHITE HOUSE, December 11, 1911. Truman H . Aldrich, Birmingham. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA BUSINESS. MASSACHUSETTS. The SPEAKER. This is District of Columbia day, and the gentleman from Kentucky [~1r . JOHNSO~] is recognized. Edward C. l\lans:field, Boston. LARCENY OF PUilLIC PROPERTY, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. NEW JERSEY. Edward S. Perry, Orange. Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I desire to call up Senate bill 1081. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the bill. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. The Clerk read as follotvs : An act (S. 1081) to provide for punishment for larceny of public prop­ MoNDA.Y, December 11, 1911. erty from the workhouse and the reformatory of the District of Columbia. The House met at 12 o'clock noon. Be it enacted, etc., That whenever any property of the United States The Chaplain, Rev. Henry N. Couden, D. D., offered the fol­ of America, or of the District of Columbia, either or both, or in the custody or control of the said United States or the District of Columbia, lowing prayer : either or both, or in tho custody or control of the officers, agents, or 0 God. the Father of all souls, help us with perfect faith employees thereof, respectively, in any ,State er Territory of the United and confidence in Thee as the inspiration of every great thought States other than the District of Columbia, which has been or shall be loaned, delivered, given, purchased, provided, or obtained, for use and noble deed to take up the work of the hour with bmve, at, about, or in either or both the workhouse or the reformatory of honest, generous, susceptible hearts and willing mind'::!. that the District of Columbia, or which has been or shall be used or em­ Thy purposes m:iy be fulfilled in us; for Thine is the kingdom ployed in any manner at, about, or in either or both said reformatory or workhouse, shall be brought into the District of Columbia, or any and the power and the glory forever. Amen. other place within the jurisdiction of the United States, by any person The Journal of the proceedings- of Saturday, December D. 1911, who shall feloniously take and carry away the same under circum­ was read and approved. stances which constitute larceny in the District of Columbia, as pro­ vided in the Code of Law of the District of Columbia, and the amend­ LEAVE OF ABSENCE. ments thereto, shall be and continue larceny in the District of Co­ Mr. BORLAND, by unanimous consent, was granted leave of lumbia, or in any place within the jurisdiction of the United States. absence for three weeks, on account of official business. The SPEAKER. The Chair will inquire of the gentleman LEAVE TO PRINT. from Kentucky if it is the intention, according to the copy of this bill, to strike out everything that the Clerk read? Mr. FOSTER of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I offer the following Mr. JOHNSO:N of Kentucky. Yes; and offer a substitute, resolution, which I send to the Clerk's desk, and ask unarrimous whlch the Clerk seems not to have read. consent for its present consideration. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the substitute. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Illinois [l\Ir. FosTER] The Clerk read as follows : offers a resolution, which the Clerk will report. Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the following, viz : The Clerk rend as follows: "That Subchaptor II, Chapter XIX, of the Code of Law for the Dis­ House resolution 335. trict of Columbia, be, ancl the same is hereby, amended by adding thereto a new section to be known as section 836a, which shall read as Rcsoli;ed, That the Committee on l\Iines and Mining be authorized to follows : have such printing and binding done as may be necessary in the '.!Onduct " ' SEC. 83Ca. Any person who by the commission outside of the Dis­ of its business during the Sixty-second Congress. · trict of Columbia of any act which, if committed within the District The SPEAKER. Is there objection? of Columbia, would be a criminal offense under the laws of said Dis­ trict, . thereby obtains any property or other thing of value, and is :Ur. :MANN. l\Ir. Speaker, reserving the right to object, may afterwards found with any such property or other such thing of value I ask the ge::itleman from Illinois, my colleague, whether tlle in his possession in said District, or who brings any such property or committee needs to ha1e printing done? other such thing of value into said District, shall, upon conviction, b punished in the same manner as if said act had been committed Mr. FOSTER of Illinois. I will state that I think they do. wholly within said District.' " They are liaving some hearings on bills and matters of that kind. Mr. JOH ;'SON of Kentucky. 1\fr. Speaker,• the House com­ Mr. MANN. I have no objection. mittee has seen fit and deemed it best to strike out all after The SPEAKER. The Chair hears no objection. The ques­ the enacting clause and write a substitute. It will be seen tion is on agreeing to the resolution. from the Senate bill, on the first page, lines 10 and 11, that The question was taken, and the resolution was agreed tQ. it would be made an offense for a person ~o dispose of propei:.ty which h:id been "loaned" to him or which had been "given" MESS.\.GES FRO:U THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. to him, and the Senate bill applied only to the misuse of Gov­ Sundry messages, in writing, from the President of the United ernment property. The House committee has offered in lieu States were communicated to the House of Representatiles by of that bill one which makes the offense generally applicable Mr. Latta, one of his secretaries. not only to public property but to all kinds of property. RAILROf.D SECURITIES COMMISSION (H. DOC. -NO. 2 56 ). The bill which the House reports as a substitute for the T11e SPE.d.KER laid before the House the following messnge Senate bill is very similar to the one which has beeu adopted from the President of the United States, which was read and, in Alabama, nnd to one that has been adopted in Kansas, to with accompanying documents, referred to the Committee on one that bas been adopted in Tennessee, to one that has been Interstnte and Foreign Commerce and ordered to be printed: adopted in Montana, to one that has ·been adopted in New York, to one that has been adopted in Missouri, and to one that ~Po the Senate ancl House of Representatives: has been adopted in the State of l\!ichigan. · I transmit herewith, for your consideration, the report which Mr. l\iA~TN . Will the gentleman yield a few minutes to me? has been made to me by the Railroad Seci.l}'ities Commission ap­ The . SPEAKER. Does the gentleman yield to the gentleman pointed under the authority of section 16 of the act to create from Illinois? • 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 193

.l\lr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. How many minutes does the ~Ir. MANN. Certainly. gentleman desire? Mr. NORRIS. I would like to say that what the gentleman .l\lr. MANN. Five minutes. from New York says would apply where the property is taken l\Ir. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I yield to the g~ntleman. from one county to another county in the same State, but one Mr. MANN. .Mr. Speaker, as I understand it, the purpose of State can not make it a felony for the commission of offense in this bill is to provide a law by which a man who seizes District another State. It seems to me that the gist here of th~ crime property outside of the District, say at Occoquan, and brings is having authority to punish for bringing the stolen property it into the District, may be punished here. Is not that the into the Distiict. primary purpose of the bill? Mr. PAYNE. Oh, it is not the crime in another county that Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I would say to the gentleman is punished; J.t is the crime of bringing the stolen property into that that was the primary purpose of the Senate bill, but the the new county. House committee has seen fit to make it applicable to all kinds Mr. NORRIS. I understand in this particular case we are of property, as I have already said, whether Government legislating for the District, which ought to be compared to a property or even individual property, following the precedents State, and not to one county as it is from another county in the set by the number of States that I have set out. same State. We can not pass a law that will have that effect. M:r. l\fANN. It is a very laudable purpose. I have never had much occasion to give attention to the practice of criminal Mr. PAYNE. .If you bring stolen property from Illinois to law, and hence I speak with a good deal of diffidence on this .New York, knowing it to be stolen, the man is not punishecl in subject. I am not sure but that the bill needs amendment, or New York for the original larceny, but for the complete crime that the substitute needs amendment. of bringing stolen property into New York. That is the rule of The bill proposes that if anyone brings property into the common law. District, property stolen outside the District, and the property Mr. NORRIS. Yes; but it is not the commission of the crime is found in his possession in the District he shall, upon con­ in Illinois that makes it an offense in New York. It is the viction, be punished in the same manner as if said act had bringing of the stolen property into the State of New York been committed wholly in said District. It does not de­ that makes the crime. nounce the bringing of property into the District as a crime, Mr. PAYNE. The crime consists in separating the owner except by providing that upon conviction-upon conviction of from the property. what? Stealing the property outside the District;. is that the .Mr. MANN. That is just it, separating the owner from the part of the crime that is denounced in the District? It is property; and under the Constitution you can not punish in the perfectly patent, I take it, that if a man feloniously takes District of Columbia that crime when it is committed outside property outside the District in a place that is under the of the District of Columbia. If the crime is bringing the jurisdiction of the United States he can only be punished property into the District of Columbia, it seems to me we ought for that crime in that district where be committed the crime to declare that that is the crime. This bill simply says that and not in the District of Columbia. In the first place, the man any person committi.Ilg outside of the District an act which can only be punished under the Constitution once for the would be criminal in the Distrk'I:, the property being afterwards same crime. In the second place, lie must be tried in the foun(I. in the possession of the person in the District, shall upon district where the crime was committed. ' conviction be punished in the same manner as if the act had . Mr. SHACKLEFORD. Will the gentleman yield for a been committed wholly within the District. Convicted of what? question? He can not be convicted of the original felony in the District, Mr. MANN. Certainly. because the Constitution provides that he shall be tried in the Mr. SHACKLEFORD. Is it not true that where a larceny is State in which the felony was committed. As it seems to me, · committed in a given place-your State or mine-the party may there is no crime denounced here for bringing the property in b.e convicted in the county where the original taking took place, the District, and I raised that question to the gentleman as to or in any county where he is found in possession of the prop­ whether it wou1~ not be desirable at least to add after the word erty? In other words, is it not a new taking wherever he is " shall " in line 24 of page 2 the words " be guilty of a crime." found? Is not that the law in most of the States, and is not I am not sure that that would be sufficient. that what we have provided here? .Mr. MANN. That is what we are getting at because we can Mr.. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I would say to the gentleman not do that. I think that is the law in some of the States, but that I do not believe it absolutely necessary~ or necessary at all, we have not the power to say that if a crime is committed in but if in his judgment it would make the bill better, ' I am Virginia on property under the jurisdiction of the United willing to accept the amendment. States that a crime shall be punished in the District of .Mr . .MANN. I would prefer that the gentleman did not take Columbia. my judgment in the matter. Mr. SHACKLEFORD. No; but can not you say that since Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I assure the gentleman that I the continued possession is a repeated taking of the property, am perfectly willing to take his judgment. that having it in his possession here amounts to a larcenious l\fr. l\IANN. Because I am not as familiar with prosecutions taking, and that he may be punished for the larceny in having under the criminal law as· many gentlemen on the floor of the it in his possession? House who have been prosecuting attorneys; but it seems to l\1r. JOHNSON of Kentucky. If the gentleman from Illinois me that a cou·rt might say that here was an effort on the part will allow me, I will say that I believe it is admitted to be the of Congress to provide for a conviction in the District of Colum­ criminal law that when an act of larceny is committed in any bia of a crime committed outside of the District of Columbia­ place, that where,er the stolen property may be taken by the something which we have not the power to do under our thief, it is treated ns a continuation of the act of larceny, and Constitution, and if you want to punish a person for bringing that is particularly so in the States. To remove any doubt property into the District, then we ought to denounce that as a on that subject the Commissioners of the District asked for the crime. passage of this bill, so that there may be no doubt about it. l\Ir. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I am perfectly willing to do Mr. l\fANN. · I understand. I think it is possible to prepare that, but I believe that lines 17, 18, and 19, on page 2, completely and pass a bill that will cover the cas·e, b.ut I am calling the and effectively do that, because they make "any act committed gentleman's attention and the attention of others who are outside of the District" a crime if committed in this jurisdic­ more familiar with the criminal code than I am to ascertain tion, and is a crime in the District, provided the property is whether or not the point suggested by my mind is or is not cor· brought here. rect. It will be noticed that the bill does not denounce having Mr. 1\IANN. The gentleman will readily see that under this property in possession in the District of Columbia as a crime. act a man mjght take property outside of the District of Co­ It provides that upon conviction-upon conviction of what'! lumbia, where it was not a crime, because it says here it is The original felonious act in taking the property or the bringing only a crime if when taken within the District it is a crime. it into the District? · There may be cases where the same law does not apply outside .Mr. PAYNE. If the gentleman from Illinois will yield-- of the District. · 1\lr. MANN. Cert~inly. Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. That was advisedly done . .Mr. PAYNE. My recollection of the law is that where a Mr. !t!ANN. I take it for granted that that was advisedly party is guilty of larceny in a State or in one county and he done. I am not complaining about that. brings the stolen property into another county, the act of bring­ Mr. TAGGART. Mr. Speaker, I would like to ask the gentle- ing it in with the felonious intent in itself constitutes a crime man a question. without regard to th~ other crime which has already been com­ The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman yield? mitted. Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Certainly. Mr. NOURIS. Will the gentleman from Illinois yield.to me l\Ir. TAGGART. I will ask if this bill was drawn or ex­ for a moment? amined by the prosecuting officer of the District of Columbia? XLVIII--· 13 • tl94 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. DEOEMBER 11,

l\lr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. This substitute was prepared into said District, shall be guilty of a crime, and upon con­ in the presence and with the approval of one of the assistant viction be punished," and so forth. corpora tion counsel for the District Mr. PAYNE. Does the ianguage of the proposed act in any Mr. TAGGART. Was the question then discussed as to way refer to felonious intent as regards the owner of the prop­ whether or not it was possible for Congress to denounce as a erty or simply having it in his pos ession? I might come in crime what might not be a crime within the State in which the here with a carpetbag-- act was committed? Mr. MANN. The act provides that the original ta.king must Mr. JOHNSON of Kentuc:ky. That feature was discussed, and have been a crime, if committed in the District of Columbia, the assistant corporation counsel agreed that that wa's what substantially. was wanted and that it was entirely legal. . Mr. PAYNE. That is all that is required? Mr. TAGGART. If I read this act correctly and Understand Mr. MANN. That is all. its meaning, it would be possible under this act to convict a Mr. PAYNE. Nothing about the man bringing it into the man of bringing into the District of Columbia property which District of Columbia knowing it had been stolen? he might have lawfully acquired outside of the District of Mr. MANN. There is nothing about bringing it knowingly to Columbia, for the reason that the manner in which he acquired the District, but it must have been knowingly in the first place, it outside of the District would be unlawful within the District, because otherwise it would not have been a crime. and although he mignt come here· with property that he had Mr. PAYNE. It has no language regarding any criminal lawfully acquired, the manner of his acquiring it, not being. knowledge or intent on his part? lawful within the District, he1 could be convicted of a crime. Mr. MANN. There is non·e, but he must have been the Making it a crime to bring property feloniously or criminally original perpetrator of the crime. acquired into the District is beyond question, but the right of Mr. PAYNE. Oh, the original thief? Congress to declare that certain acts shall be a crime within. Mr. KOPP. Will the gentleman yield for a question? the limits of a State outside the District is a different matter; Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I will and without wishing to express any opinion, although I have Mr. KOPP. I notice the title of this act was taken from the had some experience as a prosecuting officer, I would say that it Senate bill. The Senate bill referred exclusively to Govern­ would be a matter that would require a great deal of investi­ ment property. Should not the title now be amended, inasmuch gation. as it includes larceny of other property? .Mr. JOH:NSON of Kentucky. It can not be amended until Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I would say to the gentleman after the bill is passed. that this act undertakes to make a punishable offense out of The question was taken, and the committee amendment was what might be only a breach of trust in another State. agreed to. . If he continues in that and comes into the District of Co­ The bill as amended was ordered to be read a third time, lumbia, and it is an offense under the laws of the District of was read the third time, and pas ed. Columbia, then it is desired here to treat it as an offense against Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I move to amend the title of the laws of the District of 02lumbia, whereas the taking of the bill so it will read : "An act to provide for the puni hment Government property, for instance, down at the prison at of larceny in certain cases." Occoquan, owned by the District, may in the State of Virginia The SPEAh.~R. Without objection the title will be amended be only a breach of trust. as suggested by the chairman of the Committee on the District Mr. MANN. As I understand the purpose of this bill, in the of Columbia. first place, it was not under the laws of Virginia possibl~ to Mr. KOPP. l\Ir. Speaker, I would like to have the amendment punish, say, the taking of property belonging to the District reported. I did not hear it. of Columbia in Virginia. I am not sure what would be the The Clerk read as follows : effect of the bill if the man should ob.tain property in a State An act to provide for the punishment of larceny in certain cases. which in the District of Columbia is punished as a fraud, Mr. KO.PP. It is not larceny that we are punishing. It is whereas in a State from which the property was obtainerl it bringing property into this District which was stolen some- was not punished as a fraud, and then brings that property into where else. · the District of Columbia. Under the terms of this bill the man Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Just one moment, Mr. Speaker. would be subject here to punishment for having in his pos~es­ I move that the title of the act be as follows: sion property in the District of Columbia which outside of the An act providing for the punishment of persons in possession of District of Columbia he had acquired under the law. stolen property in the District of Columbia, having stolen the same in l\lr. KOPP. Do not we have cases to-day, as in the case of another State or Territory. . marriages, for instance? We have a case where a couple are The SPEAKER. The question is on agreeing to the amend­ married in one State and it is a perfectly valid marriage, and ment the couple may move into another State and there be convicted . The amendment to amend the title was agreed to. of a crime. Now, is not that parallel where the continued pos­ session of the property is a continued taking, and when a per­ SALE OF POISONS. son enters the District of Columblli is not it a retaking and Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I now desire to therefore a violation of the law? call up the bill H. R. 8619. Mr. MANN. Oh, I have no doubt it is withiri our power to The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Kentucky calls up the declare what is a crime within the District of Columbia, and bill H. R. 8619, which the Clerk will report. declare the bringing of property, under certain conditions, in The Clerk read as follows : the District is a crime. A bill (H. R. 8619) to amend "An act to regulate the practice of phar­ l\fr. KOPP. Even if acquired validly in another place. Does macy and the sale of poisons in the District of Columbia, and for not that answer the gentleman? other purposes," approved May 7, 1906. Be it enacted, etc., That the second proviso in section 11 of "An act l\lr. MANN. Possibly. That would not go to the power so to regulate the practice of pharmacy and the sale of poisons in the much as to the fairness of the legislation. · District of Columbia, and for other purposes," approved May 7, 1906, Mr. SHACKLEFORD. Suppose there was no.law in Virginia ts hereby amended to read as follows · "Pro-i;ided further, That the above provisions shall not apply to sales against the crime of forgery, and suppose somebody ·should forge at wholesale by jobbers, manufacturers, dental-supply houses, and re­ a note in Virginia and bring it oYer here into the District of tail druggists to retail druggists, hospitals, colleges, scientific or public Columbia? Would it not be competent to make the possession institutions, and dentists in the actual practice of their profe sion." of that forged note, a willful possession of the forged note, a Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, the object of this crime in the District of Columbia, although it could not be pun­ bill is to enable dentists, hospitals, colleges, and institutions ished under the laws of Virginia? for scientific purposes to purchase their drugs by whole ale Mr. MANN. I should think very likely. However, that does from jobbers, instead of upon i>rescription of a physician from not go to the question I have raised which is to attempt to the retail pharmacists. It accomplishes that, and we believe punish in two districts the same crime. If the purpose is to nothing more, and consequently ask its passage. punish in the District of Columbia for having possession of The SPEAKER. The question is on the engrossment and property, it seems to me that that ought to be denounced as a third reading qf the bill. crime; and I simply call attention again to the gentlemen who The bill was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time; are familiar with these things as to whether it is not advisable and, having been read a, third time, was passed. to add as an amendment on page 2, line 24, after the word " shall,'' insert the words "shall be guilty of ·a crime," so it INSURANCE IN DISTRICT OF OOLUMBIA.. will read, "and is afterwards found with any such property Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I now desire to or other such thing of ·rnlue in his possession in said District, call up the bill ( H. R. 12738) to amend the Code of Laws for the or who brings any such property or other such thing of value District of Columbia regarding insurance. 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 195

rrhe SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the bill. is not, and we have some law on that subject, we ought to The Clerk read as follows: · reform that law. But to say that an insurance company or­ A bill (H. R. 12738) to amend the Code of Law for the District of ganized in Omaha, for example, can not do business in the Columbia regarding insurance. . District of Columbia unless it sends its president and secretary Be it enacted, etc., That section 652, chapter 18, Code of Law for here to make a sworn oath before the superintendent of insur­ the District of Columbia, be, and the same is hereby, amended by striking out the word " District" after the word " to " in line 1, and ance is to adopt a restrictive policy as to· insurance which can by striking out the words " organized under the laws of" in line 4 and not be followed in this country without a 1ery detrimental effect. inserting in lieu thereof the words " transacting business in," so as to Suppose we say in Illinois that no company organized in the read: "SEC. 652. Inquiries as to companies.-It shall be the duty .of the District of Columbia or outside of the State shall do business in said superintendent of insurance to ascertain whether the capital re­ the State unless the president. and secretary of the company quired by law or the charter of ea,ch insurance company or association appear and make an oath before the superintendent of insur­ transacting business in the District of Columbia has been '1.ctually paid up in cash and is held by its board of directors subject to their control, ance of the State of Illinois. Why, they would have to ha1e a according to the provisions of their charter, or has been invested in president and secretary of the insurance company whose main property worth not less than the full amount of the capital stock duty it would be to tra1el around the country and make sworn required by its charter; or, if a mutual company, that it has received and is in actual possession of securities, as the case may be, to the full oaths. Certainly the gentleman from Kentucky does not beli~ve extent of the value required by its charter; and the president and that ought to be done. Is not that the effect of this? Is not secretary of such company or association shall make a declaration u!'.lder that what it does? ' oath to said supP. rintendent, who is hereby empowered to admimster oaths when hereby required that the· tangible assets exhibited to him ~Ir. JOHNSON of Kentucky. In answer to what the gentle­ represent bona fide the property of the company or association, which man has said, I wish to say that I always ha1e the greatest sworn declaration shall be filed and preserved in the office of flaid respect for his interpretation of fillything that is submitted to superintendent; and any such officer swearing falsely in regard to any of the provisions hereof shall be deemed guilty of perjury and ihall be this House, and most usually I find him right upon matters of subject to all the penalties now prescribed by law in the District of construction and technicality. But in this l find him wrong. Columbia for that crime." Mr . .MA!\TN. Well, I hope so. Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, the object of this Ur. JOHNSON of Kentucky. This does not say that the bill is to change section 652 of the code. The code as it now president of an insurance company in London shall haye to exists reads this way : . come to the District of Columbia and here make oath, but it It shall be the duty of the said superintendent of insurance to ascer­ says this: tain whether the capital required by law or the charter of each insur­ And the president and secretary of such company or association s£ull ance company or association organized under the laws of the District make a declaration under oath to said superintendent. · of Columbia has been actually paid up. That statement could be written, subscribed, and sworn to in If this bill is passed it will read this way: England or in any State in the Union, and transmitted by mail It shall be the duty of the said superintendent of insurance to ascer­ tain whether the capital required by law or the charter of each insur­ to the superintendent of insurance in the District of Columbia. ance company or association tramsacting business in the District of The next sentence gives the superintendent the right to admin­ Columbia has been actually paid up. ister an oath, a power he does not now haw, so that those who Or, in other words, it puts UDOU the same footing the com­ live here, when they go to the superintendent to file their re­ panies which are organized under the laws of the District of ports may make oath before him, while those who subscribe Columbia and those which are organized under the laws of the and swear to that report elsewhere can do so before an officer various States which companies are doing business in the Dis­ authorized to administer an oath at that place. trict of Columbia. It puts them all exactly upon the same Mr. MANN. I hope the gentleman is correct. The bill says footing. that "the secretary and president of the company shall make a !Ur. MAl\TN. Mr. Speaker-- declaration, under oath, to the said superintendent, who is The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman from Kentucky [Mr. hereby empowered to administer oaths." I take it that the JOHNSON] yield to the gentleman from Illinois? object of that is to make them make the oath before the super­ Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I do. . intendent of insurance here. The SPEAKER. How much time? Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. This does not say that. Tie can . l\fr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. As much as he desires. make the oath and transmit it to the superintendent her·~ . Mr. MANN. l\Ir. Speaker, this bill, which was introduced by Mr. MANN. Then it goes ahead and prescribes furthe:.· tbat the distinguished gentleman from Kentucky [Mr. JOHNSON], the he shall be guilty of a crime in the District of Columbia if he clw.irman of the Committee on the District of Columbia, at the swears falsely. For what? For falsely making an oath in request of the superintendent of insurance of the District of London? Columbia, leads me to think that the gentleman from Kentucky Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I will say to the gent1eman does not ful1y appreciate what the bill does. that .if one wants to come iiito the District of Columbi':l with The present law makes provision for companies organized a wildcat insurance company, then he should be subject to all outside of the District of Columbia doing business in the Dis­ the laws of the District of Columbia if we can gain jurisdiction trict of Columbia on certain terms, and pm1ides further as to over him; but if he makes a false statement and swear:;; ·to it companies organized in the District of Columbia that they shall in London, the gentleman must not presume for a mome;Jt that make report to the superintendent of insurance of the District the Distr.ict of Columbia or even the United States cou1d e\er of Columbia. At present an insurance company organized in get jurisdiction over him to try him unless he came here. the District of Columbia is required to report to the' superin­ Mr. MANN. That would depend upon whether the juris­ tendent of insurance the amount actually paid up in cash and diction covered such a matter. I do not know whether jt does held by the· board of directors, subject to control according or not, but you can acquire jurisdiction here if the act·is valid, to the provisions of the charter, 01· the amount invested in but you can not if a man makes a false statement in San Fran­ J)roperty worth not less than the full amount of the capital cisco, providing the gentleman is correct as to whom he shall stock required by its charter, and so forth. make the oath before. I take it that the intention of the act And it provides, further, that the president and secretary of was to provide that the oath should be made before the super­ the said company shall make a declaration under oath to the intendent of insurance here, and if falsely swearing here he superintendent, who is empowered to administer oaths when would be guilty of perjury here. Now, what js the result? required, and that the tllllgible assets exhibited to him represent Does the gentleman think that he could be punished here for bona fide all the property of the company or association, and so making the oath in San Francisco? forth. Now, it is proposed seriously by the superintendent of Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. We have just passed a bin that insurance of the District of Columbia that if a company organ­ I hoped would reach it. ized in London desires to do business in the District of Colum­ Mr. MANN. No; that bill would not reach it. bia the president and secretary of that company shall come to Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I hoped it would. the District of Columbia once a year, I believe, and make Mr. MANN. It clearly would not, for that relates to property. oath before the superintendent of insurance here. He is the Ur. JOHNSON of Kentucky. It says, "Any act which would only one authorized to take the oath. It is proposed that be criminal under the laws of the District." the superintendent of insurance here shall send to London and l\fr. UANN. Yes; but you would ha-re to find property on the examine, not whether the company has complied with the re­ man first before you punished him. You clearly could not punish quirements of Congress as to a foreign company doing business him here for false swearillg in San Francisco. here, but in reference to all of its investments. Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Then, if we can not, he is not Now, certainly that can not be seriously proposed. The con­ injured. trol o-f local authorities over a company organized under local Mr. l\IA:NN. But we are injured in passing such a law. law is one thing. It is quite a different thlng to go into the Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I think not. entire control of a foreign corporation. We have legislation­ Mr. MANN. I do not think the gentleman from Kentucky ! do not know whether or not it is fairly restrictive-in regard would ever have drawn such a bill hlmself. Does the gentle­ to foreign corporations doing business in the District; but if it man believe that after a company has complied with all tile fl96 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. DECEMBER 11, laws of the District as to the doing of insurance business that The CHAIRMAN. If no other person desires to be heard in the superintendent should go into other States to make an general debate general debate will be closed, and the Ctcrk examination of all the investments, capital, and prop·erty of the will read the bill for amendment under the five-minute rule. company? How many inspectors will it take to do that? How The Clerk read as follows : many insurance companies are doing business in the District SEC. 2. That any unmarried woman who is pregnant with child may of Columbia? This provides : go before the clerk of the juvenile court, District of Columbia, O\' if therein she has been delivered of a bastard child, or (if that be her It shall be the duty of the sa.id superintendent of insurance to ascer­ place of legal residence) if she was delivered thereof outside of the tain whether the capital required by iaw or the charter of each insur­ said District, at any time within two years after the birth of the ance company or association transacting business in the District of bastard, and accuse any person residing in said District of being the Columbia has been actually paid up in cash and is held by its board father of the child. Before issuing a warrant, the clerk shall examine of directors subject to their control, according to the provisions of their the mother of such bastard {!hild, under oath, concerning her residF-.nce chal1:er, or has been invested in property worth not less than the fuH and her marriage or single condition when the child was begotten ; amount of the capital stock required by its cbarte1· ; or. if a mutual where and when she was delivered of such child ; and if she was de­ company, that it has received and is in actual possession of securities, livered of the <:hild outside of the District, of the t•eason thereof, and as the case may be, to the full extent of the value required by its reduce her statement to writing, and sign same as clerk. If, however, charte1·. the clerk shall fail to reduce the statement to writing, or if it should be lost, such failure or loss shall be no cause for dismis ing the war­ Now, we make the requirement first, as I understand it, t·ant. Or such warrant may be applied for by the Board of Charities that a foreign company doing business here shall comply with of the District or any person as next friend of the said bastard under the provisions that we put upon it to do business here. If it 2 years of age. complies with those provisions, why do we undertake to ex­ Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. l\fr. Chairman, I offer the fol­ amine everything it does in reference to property?. It is quite lowing amendments, which I send to the desk and ask to have certain that- in this country, with as many States and juris- · read. dictions as we have, it is not practicable for every State to The Clerk read as follows : go into the entire business of every insurance company. States In lines 7 and 8, page 1, strike out the words "who is pregnant usually make provisions designed to safeguard the policy hold­ with child." ers in their own States, as we do in the District of Columbia. In line 9, page 1, strike out the word " or " after the words " District I am inclined to think that the superintendent of insurance­ of Columbia." although I do not have the honor to know him personally­ T:he CHAIRMAN. The question is on agreeing to the amend­ when he drew this bill slightly slopped over. ments offered by the gentleman from Kentucky. The SPEAKER. The question is on the engrossment and l\1r. JACKSON. Mr. Chairman, I would like to ask the gen­ third reading of the bill tleman if it is the purpose of this amendment to prevent a The question was taken; and on a division (demanded by woman who is pregnant from bringing proceedings; or, in other Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky) there were-ayes 21. n-0es 34. words, to confine the procedure only to cases where the child So the House refused to engross the bill for a third reading. has been born? SUPPORT AND MAINTENANCE OF BASTARDS IN THE. DISTRICT OF 1\!r. JOHNSON of Kentucky. That is the intention of the COLUMBIA. amendment. I would say to the gentleman from Kansas that after a discussion of that subject with the judge of the juve­ ' :l\Ir. JOID~SON of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I move that the nile court, he thought it best to strike that out, for the reason House resolve itself into Committee of the Whole House on the that if a woman should complain that she has been pregnant state of the Union for the consideration of District bills. for 30 days only, then the proceedings would have to be held up The motion was agreed to. in some way for eight months at least, and we could see no way Accordingly the House resolved itself into Committee · of rhe of properly caring for a proceeding of that kind. Whole HouEe on the state of the Union, with Mr. FLOYD of Mr. JACKSON. Why hold up the proceeding for eight or Arkansas in the chair. nine months? .Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Mr. Chairman, I call up bill Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Suppose it should turn out that H. R. 13041, to provide for the support and maintenance of the woman was entirely mistaken, and that she was not preg­ bastards · in the District of Columbia. I move that the first nant? reading of the bill be dispensed with. Mr. JACKSON. This is a proceeding to try the parentage The CHAJRMAN. The gentleman from Kentucky moves of the child. that the .first reading of the bill be dispensed with. Is there Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. In addition to that, we thought objection? it would open up too many :rvenues for blackmail. There was no objection. Mr. JACKSON. This is a proceeding by which the paternity Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Mr. Chairman, before general of the child may be determined, is it not? debate begins I wish to give notice that at the proper time I Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Provided the \Voman is with shall offer an amendment on page l, line 7, section 2, to strike child. Under your suggestion that could be done any time be­ out the five words "who is pregnant with child." And also fore the birth of the child. It could be done when she would in line 9 to strike out the word "are'' so that when the bill claim that she was with child only a week or 10 days. is discussed it may be discussed along those lines. Mr. JACKSON. If the gentleman will pardon me, it seems I shall also at the proper time, on page 2, line 18,.a.fter the to me that the point is this: That you are proliuing here very word " brought" and before the word "before,1' move to insert properly. for a semicriminal proceeding to arrest and try the two words u for trial" Also on page 2 in line 23, after the father of a bastard child. If you cut off the right of the word " appearance " and before the word " in," I shall move mother, and it is in her interest that the proceeding is usually to insert the two words u and trial" And on page 3, line 4, provided for, to try him before the child is born. you give the after the word "law," to insert -a new sentence to read as father eight or nine months in which to escape. follows: ' Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I will say to the gentleman that In all prosecutions under this act the accused shall, upon his this bill not only provides for the ascertainment of that fact, demand therefor, be entitled to a trial by jury; otherwise the trial but also to hold the father for the support of the child. shall be by the judge. 1\Ir. JACKSON. Before the birth of the child! Then, on page 6, line 8, I desire to add a new sentence: Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Yes. That is one of the rea- And the court, in its discretion, may order payments to be made by sons we have cut this out. delinquent fathers at the precincts wherein they reside through the Mr. JACKSON. Where is that provision? Metropolitan police of the District of Columbia. Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. That is further along in the bill. That pwvision is written at the suggestion of Judge De Lacey, Mr. JACKSON. Very well. I beg the gentleman's pardou. of the juvenile court :Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I think the gentleman will find l\Ir. Chairman, about two years ago a bastardy bill was intro­ that this is the best bill that can be obtained under the circum­ duced into th.is House. At that time that bill contained less stances. than a dozen lines. In those dozen lines it was endeavored to The CIIAIIli\1AN. The question is an agreeing to tlie amend­ lay out a procedure for bastardy proceedings, to inflict a pen­ ments offered by the gentleman ,from Kentucky. alty, and to collect the judgment. That. wa.s deeme.J by the The question was taken, and the amendments were agreed to. District Committee at the time as being inadequate. Since that Mr. MANN. Mr. Chairman, I offer the following 1.une.ndment, time this bill has been prepared, and from time to time, even which I send to the desk and ask to have read. · up until to-day, efforts have been made to perfect it, until now The Clerk read as follows: it is believed that th.is bill gives to the District of Commbin a Insert at the end of line 8, page 1, the words " of the " after the good bastardy law. The District of Columbia now is withuut word " court " in place -0f the comma. one, .and until this bill is adopted, or one similar . t-0 it, there The CH.AIRMAN. The question is on agreeing to the amend­ will be no bastardy law in the District. For that reason its ment offered by the gentleman from Illinois. immediate passage is urged. The question wa~ taken, .and the amendment was agreed to. 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 197

Mr. MANN. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike out the last promise in that respect as to time. I do not believe it should word. May I ask the gentleman from Kentucky, where it pro­ be left open for too long a time within which a woman would vides " That any person residing in said District, being accused discover she has been aggrieved, so it seems to me that two of being the father," and so forth, just what is residing in the years is ample time. District? Mr. DYER. I have no objection. Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I asked the draftsman of the 1\Ir. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Mr. Chairman, in line 18, after bill for some information upon that subject myself, and his ex­ the word "brought n and before the word " before," I move to planation of it was that if the paternity of the child could not insert the words "for trial "; and in line 23, after the word legally be inquired into here it could be in some State or place "appearance,n insert the words "and trial." other thnn in the District. The CHAIRl\IAN. The Clerk will report the amendments. Mr. MANN. For instance, we have a very large number of The Clerk read as follows: Government clerks in Washington not residents of Washington. In line 18, page 2, after the word " brought," insert the words " for Possibly they reside here, but they claim some other place for trial," and in line 23 insert, after the word " appearance," the words their residence. I wondered if the gentleman who prepared the "and trial." bill thought all those would be reached under the term " resid­ The question was taken, and the amendments were agreed to. ing in the District," if such occasion should arise? Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Now, Mr. Chairman, at the con­ l\Ir. DYER. I would like to ask the gentleman from Illinois clusion of that section, page 3, line 4, I move to add the fol­ what section that is in? lowing: Mr. JOHNSO:N of Kentucky. It is on page 1, at the bottom, In all prosecutions under this act the accused shall, upon his demand line 13. I will say to the gentleman that when I first read the therefor, be entitled to a trial by jury ; otherwise the trial shall be by bill my mind immediately turned to that very thing. I have the judge. done a good deal of reading upon the question as to who is a The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will report the amendment. " resident " of tile District of Columbia, and I find it a most The Clerk read as follows : perplexing one. After the word "law," in line 4, at the end of section 3, insert: Mr. UANN. If the gentleman has had it up for considera­ " In all prosecutions under this act the accused shall, upon his de­ tion-- mand therefor, be entitled to a trial by jury; otherwise the trial shall l\Ir. JOHNSON of Kentucky. It is one I would rather the be by the judge." courts determine than to determine it myself. The CHAIRMAN. The question is on agreeing to the amend- .Mr. KAHN. Will the gentleman from Kentucky yield? ment offered by the gentleman from Kentucky [1\fr. JOHNSON] • Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Certainly. The question was taken, and the amendment was agreed to. Mr. KAHN. Does not the gentleman recognize that if they The Clerk read as follows : are where the court has jurisdiction here in the District that SEC. 4. That if the accused shall fail to appear, the bond for his ap- . would probably meet his views? If he resides in the District pearance as aforesaid shall be forfeited and execution issued thereon ; and can be sened with a process of the court, though he lives and the trial of or other proceedings in the cause shall, nevertheless, proceed as though he were present; and the court shall, upon the ver­ here in the District for the time being, is not that serving the dict of the jury, make all such orders as it shall deem proper as though purposes of the law? the accused were in court. In any event, if the accused acknowledge l\Ir . .IHAJ\TN. Well, of course it is very unusual, I think, in in open court the paternity of such child, or if the finding of the jury 11 be against the accused, the court, in rendering judgment thereon, shall laws of this kind, to put in the term residing," and I did not make an order for the annual payment, until the child be 14 years of know what the purpose was. age, of such sum of money, in such installments, monthly or otherwise, Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. We co11Jd not use the word and in such manner, as shall to the court seem best, and shall also make such order for the keeping, maintenance, and education of the " citizen." child as may be proper ; and in case of forfeiture of the appearance .Ur. l\IANN. Plainly a person would not be covered by that. bond, the money collected upon the forfeiture shall be applied in pay­ .Mr. KAHN. But if he is within the jurisdiction of the court, ment of the judgment against the accused; and if any balance remains after the payment of the said judgment, it shall be covered into the do not you get the very thing you are after? He can be haled Treasury, through the collector of taxes, to the credit, half and half, before the .judge, and he can not get out of the jurisdiction of the District of Columbia and the United States. of the court by claiming that he is a resident of some other State. :Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. l\Ir. Chairman, on page 3, at Ur.. MANN. But he is not guilty of a crime unless he resides the end of line 12, I move to insert the three words " at the here; he is not guilty under this act· unless he resides here. trial." But if the gentleman has had it up for consideration I have The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will report the amendment. nothing further to add. On page 2, line 6, the provision is, The Clerk read as follows : "if she wal' delivered of a child outside of the District, of the Insert at the end of line 12, on page 3, the words "at the trial." reason thereof "-I suppose the word "of" should come out. The CHAIRl\IAN. The question is on agreeing to the amend- Mr. JOHXSON of Kentucky. I take it for granted so, since ment offered by the gentleman from Kentucky. my attention is called to it. The question was taken, and the amendment was agreed to. l\1r. l\IAKX I move to strike out the second "of," in line 5, The Clerk read as follows : page 2, where it comes after the word "District." SEC. G. That when the defendant shall have been confined for 10 The CHAIR.MAN. The Clerk will report the amendment. days, solely. for failure to make the payments required or to enter into The Clerk read as follows: the bond as ordered, such defendant may make application in writing Strike out the word "of" in line 6, page 2, after the word "Dis- to the judge of the juvenile court, D~trict of Columbia. setting forth trict." his inability to make such payments, notwithstanding his desire to do so or enter into such required bond, upon which application of the The question was taken, and the amendment was agreed to. judge of the juvenile court, District of Columbia, shall proceed to hear The Clerk read a.s follows : and determine the matter. If. on examination it shall appear to the court that such defendant is unable to make such payments or to exe­ SEC. 3. Tbat on such examination, if the child be yet living and cute the required bond and that he has no property exceeding $20 in under 2 years old, a warrant shall be issued by the clerk, directed to value, except such as is by law exempt from being taken on execution the United States marshal, or to the major and superintendent or any for debt, the judge shall administer the following oath : " I do solemnly member of the Aetropolitan police force of the District of Columbia, swear that I have not any property, rea.l or personal, to the amount of requ irin~ the person accused to be arrested and brought before the $20 except such as is by law exempt from being taken on civil process judge of the juvenile court, District of Columbia, who may require the for 'debt by the laws of the District of Columbia, and that I have no accused to entei· into bond, with good surety to the United Stntes of property in any way conveyed or concealed or ID any way disposed of America, in a sum to be fixed by such judge. not to exceed $2,500, for for my futw.·e use or benefit.. So help me G~d." . Upqn taking ·such his appearance in the juvenile court. District of Columbia, on the fir~t oath such prisoner shall be discharged from imprisonment only, but day of the next term thereof, and to perform the judgment of sui

1\Ir. JACKSON. Mr. Chairman, I would like to ask the gen­ Mr. J OHNSON of Kentucky. This is not a farce. If the gen­ Oemau from I~ entncky if this section does not practically nullify tleman thinks it is a farce to go to jail for 10 days, I do not the whole law? agree with bim. l\Ir. JOHNSON of Kentucky. It simply gives the man a right Mr. JACKSON. So far as men who do not have property are to a-.;-ail himself of the insolvent debtor's oath. Without that concerned, under this act, they will avail themselves of this pro­ he could be put in prison and kept there forever. vision, and no relief can be bad. Mr. JACKSON. I understand; but under the provision I Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. A delinquent's wages would referred to especially would he not avail himself of this when be taken by the juvenile court immediately after he w\•nt to he had been in jail only 10 days? Will not most of the irre­ work. But we insisted that he be given the opportunity J:o go sponsible people, people who could pay if they wanted lo, if to work as soon as possible, and that the Government _be re­ they were willing to work and pay, avail themselves of this lieved of him as a public charge. provision; and the law as a whole will not do any good? Mr. JACKSON. I will ask the gentleman, for the purpose of Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. He is not relieved from the obtaining information, if the man's wages are not exempt? judgment by that if property can be found. Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Not except n.s to the payment Mr. JACKSON. I understand that a judgment against that of the fine. · cluss of men is not of any value. Judgment runs against them Mr. JACKSON. This proposes to exempt him with $20. all oYer the United States, wherever they may go. Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I hope the amendment 11ffered .Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I will say to llie gentleman by the gentleman from Kansas will not prevail. that without that a man could be put in jail and be kept there The CHAIRMAN. The question is on agreeing to the umend­ until he rotted. ment offered by the gentleman from Kansas [Mr. JACKSON] . l\Ir. IWCHT. Why not make it three months, as provided in The question was taken; and on a division (demanded by Mr. the Pennsyly:rnia Jaw? J OHNSON of Kentucky), there were-a.yes 18, noes 16. Afr. JACKSON. In our State it is one year. So the amendment was agreed to. l\Ir. JOHNSON of Kentucky. I will say to the gentleman The Clerk read as follows : that I discussed that Yery proposition with the judge of the SEC. 8. Tbat the juvenile court of the District of Columbia is hereby juTenile court, the draftsman of this bill, and he and I and given jurisdiction in all cases arising under this act as well as

to keep ont of water and ice, in the stmshine, rain, mud, snow, lieving that when they vote for the passage of this bill they are anll slush, and so did the men on the Union side. God protect us voting in the interest of justice and humanity. [Applause.] from such experiences and reunite us into closer bonds of broth­ l\Ir. Chairman, I want to see this bill go through this House. erhood and let the deal past bury its brave and patriotic dead. Lots of those old Union soldiers voted against me-many of Enable us to look to the future with renewed hopes of greater them voted for me. Everyone who voted for me knew he was lo-rn of country and of our fellow men, that in the ages to com~ voting for a southern man and a straight Democrat, but they and go the history of the -ehivalry, bravery, and manhood of thought I was their friend, and in this they made no mistake. this Hepublic, of the southern men and northern men, may be Perhaps, if ever my head is stuck above the waters in the looked back upon by the generations of this land with senti­ future, some of the rich men of my district or of my State may ments of good will and pride, blending the ambitions of all to criticize me for what I have done, but by the eternal God I make this the grandest country and the noblest people on earth. am responsible, first, to myself, my own conscience-and Iny 'l'he Union soldiers were better. provisioned than the southern conscienc~ dictates to me that we should pay the debt that the soldiers, and I remember before that oldest brother, whose American _people as a whole. North, East, South, and West, owe memory I revere, took his departure to the great beyond, across to all of the I?en who opposed the army my brother was in, all the river of time, after the great conflict had been ended, he together causmg the blood and carnage that swept over this said to me on one occasion in talking about pensions: country and brought about the misery and pornrty in every Brother, the Union soldiers deserve more than this Government ls direction all over this land; I say, pay them, pay them the debt, able to pay them. 'l'he southern soldiers deserve more at the hands of this Government than up to date it has been willing to concede them. and pay it while they live. [Applause.] not know that before I get through with my term A few days before I left to come to this session of Cong'L·ess And I do an old Union soldier, blind as the result of injuries receired ?f this Congress but I shall yote, though the world may say it is wrong, even for an old-age pension bill, where men are so during the conflict, for he was there during four years, came enfeebled in life that they can not take care of themselves. hobbling into my office in Charleston. A man was with !Jim. [Applause.] A number of veople were there. I said, "What can I do for The CHAIRl\IAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. you? " Ire stuck out his hand, for he could not see, and sJ.]d, "Is this Adam?" I said, ''Yes." He said, ''This is Frederick Mr. LITTLEP.AGE. l\Ir. Chairman, I do not desire to further Carel, from St. Albans." Around his shoulders were entwined trespass upon either the Chairman or the time of the House, the arms of Hemy .McFarland, a southern soldier, living at since my time is up, I should like the privilege of revising and Charleston. He came to me and he said, "Adam, let me appeal extending my remarks in the RECORD. to you to help Frederick Carel get his pension. I know he "·as The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from West Virginia asks a braYe soldier, because in the Virginia campaign he ran me unanimous consent to revise and extend his remarks in the and I ran him. We shot at each other then, but we are friends RECORD. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The Chair hears now." To me this was an affecting scene. none, and it is so ordered. Dming my campaign I had occasion to go through a cert:1in l\fr. MADDEN. I desire to yield the balance of the time wilderness section of my district where but few, if any, caudi­ allotted to me to my colleague from Illinois [Mr. l\IA.NN]. dates had theretofore been. I stopped by the wayside and f:a w The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Illinois [l\lr. MAD­ n man who appeared to me to ha-re been sick for a . year. He DEN] has 30 minutes remaining, which he yields to his colleague was pale and careworn and wa physically diseased and dis­ [l\lr. 1\1.A.NN] • . abled. I thought I would stop long enough, without telling him l\lr. l\l.ANN. Mr. Chairman, of that time I yield to the gen­ who I was, to drop a word of cheer in his cup of sorrow. I tleman from California [l\1r. STEPHENS] five minutes. [Ap- said, ".My friend, you seem to haYe had a bad spell of sickness." plause.] · He feebly said, "No, sir; I am not sick." I said, "What is l\Ir. STEPHENS of California. l\Ir. Chairman and gentlemen, your trouble? " His reply was, " I was shot through the hips I have asked for time at this hour instead of to-morrow during at the Battle of Seven Pines." I took it for granted that he was the fiye-minute amendment time, tba t I might not delay for a in the southern army. I said, "Well, my brother was thrre. single moment the giving of further pension relief to· the de­ What side were you on?" He said, " I was in the Union Army." serving veterans of the Union Armv. ·I would not be true to I said, "What is your trouble that you are sitting in a chair?" my own manhood, I would not be tr.ue to my own constituency, He said, " I ha ye not walked for nine years. After being sbot I would not be true to my country if I did not favor adequate through the hips I was in hospitals for three years. I recovered care and comfort for every surviving hero of the sixties. to the extent that I could walk on crutches. Finally I walked The seventh congressional district of California has a larger with canes, and then finally I dispensed with them. Nine years population than any other congressional district in the United ago I got hurt again and my old trouble came back, and I have States, and perhaps a larger Yeteran citizenship, too. I am not walked a step siuce that time." I asked him how much here adrncating with all the stren~th I have the passing of such pension he was getting, and he said, " Not anything," although legislation as shall make the fullest possible payment of the he was expecting to bear from his claim. It occurred to me, debt our country owes to its preseners. after I had somewhat investigated the case, that if his state­ I do this because I belieye it to be my duty, and I deem it an ment be true, which I have not yet cpmpletely verified, seeing honor and a privilege to be permitted to work in such a cause the poyerty with which that man was surrounded, seeing his at this time. The legislature now in session in California will, poor wife who had had to attend to his wants during those according to recent California newspapers, so redistrict the nine long and weary years as if he were a baby, seeing his State as to place by far the larger part of my present veteran emaciated condition, that if he were shot through thG hips at constituency in another district. This will not cause me to the Battle of Seven Pines in defense of hi~ flag and Govt~rn­ change my vote, for I am, from principle, in fa rnr of fulfilling ment his condition ought to appeal to all men. all our obligations toward them. The Union soldiers would resent the imputation that this is Suppose many years ago, during a fire which was consuming a gift to them. I would like to see the :Member of this im­ your house, your neighbor had rushed in and s:ned your wife, portant body who would say to the contrary that he would your children, and yourself from death. Suppose, also, that spill his blood, lose his life, property, and all rather than see he had sayed for you e1erything necessary for your future · this Government divided against itself. livelihood and happiness, and that with whnt he had saved ron I want to say to my Democratic brethren on this side of the had in the years since been enabled to build up a great fortune. House, and I wish every one of them here to hear it, that this is And suppo!Se that to-day, because of injuries sustained on that not a bill of charity, but, as I heard a southern Member of this eventful night so long ago, your neighbor bad become in need body say a few days ago, we are simply paying a debt that this of more care and comfort than bis old age would permit him to Go1ernment owes to those old men. [Applause.] I ha1e ne1er earn. Then would it not be your duty to provide for him at lo t, except for the time being, anything in my life for being least a moderate amotmt of comfort out of your superabun­ liberal. I would rather withstand the criticism of men who dance? I think it would, and I think that to-day our country disagree with me, I would rather withstand the scathing arti­ stands in this position toward the old soldiers. l\Iy country, cle that insolent newspaper writers may be pleased to visit your country, our country, now so prosperous in North and upon me, I would rather resign my seat in this great body, than, South, in East and West, must provide reasonable comforts feeling as I do, that these people are entitled to have this for the men who almost 50 years ago marched forth to fight Go>ernment pay the debt it owes them, to vote against this for its unity and preserrn.tion. bill. Something was said by a distinguished l\lember from I shall fayor the Sherwood bill a it is, if it can not be Chicago the other day to the· effect that men were political changed, for I am for pension relief now. However, I would cowards. I regretted to have heard that statement made, be­ like to change it some and shall vote for ezeral amendments. cause I know there nre broad, conscientious, honest, patriotic That part of section 1 which under this bill prohibits all in men in this body who will Yote for the passage of this bill, receipt of $25 or more per month from admis ion to Nntioillll reconciling their consciences in the sight of God ai:id man, be- Homes for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers and which prohibits .1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE . 201

Go-rernment aid to State or Territorial homes receiving pen­ Even a nation which hopes to aid in the abolition of war can sioners drawing $25 or more per month should be stricken from sanction that doctrine. Generals and soldi-ers will be nece[sary the bill. for many years to come, and increasingly difficult to obtain. It Pensioners under this bill should have the same soldiers' will be a wise and statesmanlike policy for tlle GoYernment to home privilege~ as pensioners under any previous act. If a deal so fairly, justly, and er-en generously with those wllo thus pensioner under nny other act can a·rnil himself of a soldiers' serve her that such service will be encouraged and dignified. home, he should have the same right under this act. As to whether or not a pension policy is un-American a short I would like to see included in it something for the veterans historic review will determine. of the Mexican War. [Applause.] I would like to see taken HISTOllIC SKETCH-PRE-REYOLUTIOXARY LEGISLATIOX. out of it any reference to the income of a veteran. Pension legislation is a part of American history from colonial If you lea \e it in hundreds of veterans will be deprived of re­ times to the present. To secure enlistments in the milit:uy ex­ lief. perhaps until too late, while the question of income is being peditions against the Indians the Colonies promised liensions to determined. If you lea"Ve it in, is the amount of income to be th6se who should be disabled and to their families if they should passed upon at each quarter--every time a pension check is fall in the conflict. Probably the first pension law enacted iu issued? ~ America was passed in 1636 by the PHgrims at Plymouth, \\'hi.ell I understand the cost of ascertaining and determining incomes provided that any man who should be sent forth as a solllicr under this act would be greater than the amount of pensions and should return maimed should be maintained competently by paid to the comparatively few well-to-do old soidiers-so strike the Colony during his life. In 1718 Rhode Island enacteJ a out all of section 3 and allow all who are deser-ring a just remarkably comprehensive pension law. It provided that erery reward. officer, soldier, or sailor, employed in the Colony's se1Tice. who The CHAIRMAN (l\fr. DIXON of Indiana in the chair). The i:hould be disabled by loss of limb or otherwise from gettiug a time of ·the gentleman has expired. · livelihood for himself and family or their dependent relath"es, Mr. STEPHENS of California. l\Ir. Chairman, I ask unani- shoulcl ha \e his wounds carefully looked after and Ilea led n t mous consent to extend my remarks in the RECORD. the Colony's charge, and should have an annual pension allo,ved The CHAIR.MAN. Is there objection? him out of the general treasury, sufficient for the maintenance There was no objection. of himself and family or other dependent relati1es. The law Mr. MAJ."\TN. l\Ir. Chairman, I yield five minutes to .the gentle­ further provided that if any person who ha.d the charge of man from Iowa [l\Ir. TOWNER]. maintaining a wife, children, parents, or other Telatives should The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Iowa [Mr. TOWNER] be slain in the Colony's service, these relatives should be main­ is recognized for five minutes. tained by a yearly pension from the general treasury. Mr. TOWNER. Mr. Chairman, opposition to the passage of In the beginnings of the Revolution and before there was any the bill in its present form may be placed in t\ro classes, that organized central go-rernment the separate Colonies promised which is friendly and that which is unfriendly. There are many pe11sions as an inducement to enlistment. The Revolutionary who earnestly desire legislation of the general character con­ Go-rernment followed the Colonies, and passed pension laws to templated by this bill who believe it loosely drawn and unwise er.courage enlistments. During the gloomy winter at Valley in some of its provisions. They will do everything in their Forge in 1778, Washington urged Congress to pass more liberal power to secure the passage of a better bill, if it can be done, pension laws. To do so he said : and at least to amend the present bill to relieve it of its objec­ Would not only dispel the apprehension of personal distress at the tionable features. But they are entirely favorable to the gen­ end of the war, from having thrown themselves out of professions and emoloyment they might not have in their power to resume, but would in I eral object and purpose of the bill, and while they would prefer a great degree remove the painful anticipation of having their widows the Sulloway bill will vote· for this bill, as they hope it will be and orphans a. burden on the _charity of their country should it be theil' amended, rather than to see all such legislation fail at this time. lot to fall in its defense. Opposition of the other class goes to the merits of tl1e bill REVOLUTIO:N".ARY WAR. . and is fundamental and Yitai. If the objections raised by the The first Congress in 1789 provided for tlle continuance of gentlemen who represent this class are of worth, no law of this the pensions granted by prior acts. kind ought to be enacted and this and all further pension legis­ In 1792 Congress passed a general disability pension act, lation should fail. It is ouly fair ihat these objections should which provided the courts should determine the disability and be as carefully considereu as time will permit. rafing. The courts declined for the most part to act, for the reason that it imposed administrative acts on judicial officers. OilJECTIOXS CO~SIDEilE D-- l.i XC O ~STITCTIO:X.lL AXD CX-.1.MERIC.AX. Congress in 1793 amended the act, and again in 1803, giving the It is claimed tllat pensions based.on military service are un­ Secretary of, War the power of ti.rial decision in the allowance constitutional and that the policy of granting them is un-Amer­ of claims. In 1805 a supplementary act was passed pro-riding ican. The argument against the con~titutionality of the pen­ that those who had, because of their service, at any period since sion laws is based on the fact that no express power is granted the war become so disabled as to render them unable to secure Congress to pass such laws. But the implied powers of Con­ a subsistence by manual labor should receive the benefits of the gress are as substantial and as real as are the express po\rers. prior pension acts. In 1806 all former enactments were repealed The Constitution was ordained .and established to promote the and a new and comprehensive pension act was passed. It pro­ general welfare and to provide for the common defense. It vided for the continuance of pensions granted under prior acts, would be difficult to conceive of an act more efficient in pro­ and granted in addition pensions to all volunteers, militia and viding for the defense of a country than to commit it to a lib­ State troops, who had served against the common enemy in the eral pension policy. Rernlutionary War. Increases were authorized when justice The best defense our country has is not its forts and arsenals, required. In 1816 the rate of a full pension for a prirnte was nor its Armr or Ka"Vy, but the patriotism of the people. With increased from $5 to $8 per month. an Army of 80,000 men and a militia reserve of 120,000, we still In 1818 the first service pensioQ. act was pnssed. It prodded are weak, judged by military standards. We are strong only ill that every person who had seITed for nine months in the Rem· our second .reserve of patriotic citizenship, from which 1olun­ lutionary War and was, by reason of his reduced circumstances teer armies can be recruited when need arises. But to make in life, "in ne ~d of assistance from his country for support," enlistments prompt, and to secure the best material, our Go1- should receive a pension. For officers the rate was $20 per ernment must deal not only justly, but generously, with those month and for prirntes $8. who serve. Tbe record of the past is the promise of the future. In 1828 Congress granted full pay for life to the suniving The enlistments of to-morrow will be largely influenced by the Revolutionary officers. action of to-day. In this country we must depend absoluteJy on In' 1832 an act was passed granting full pay for life to all the 1mtriotism of our citizens to repel foreign invasion or sup­ officers and soldiers who bud sened for two years and a pro­ press domestic insurrection. Public policy demands a most portional amount to those who bad served six months either in liberal spirit in dealing with the soldier. To be fair, to be gen­ the Continental or State troops, rnlunt1:1er or militia, or in the erous, to be ernn lnYish, and to go far beyond the strict require­ Navy. - ments of justice would be a wise and good investment looking President l\I:ldison in 1815, in a special message to Congress, toward the "common defense," because it would tend to insure recommended more liberal pensions to Revolutionary soldiers, a ready response to any caJl the Government might make. saying: Sir Henry l\Iaine, in his profound work on "Popular Govern­ The feelings of conscious patriotism and wo rth w ill animate such men ment," said: under every change of fortune and pursuit, but their country performs The first necessity of a state is that it should be durable. * •· * a duty to itself when it bestows these testimonials of approbation and Next, perhaps. to the para mount duty of maintaining national existence applause, which a re at once the rewat·d and the incentive of great comes the obligation incumbent on democracies, as on all governments, actions. of securing the national greatness and dignity * * * and the In the history of these laws we find "U constant deYelopment of _government which fails to provide a sufficient supply of generals and statesmen, of soldiel·s and administrators * * * is a government new and liberal principles. At fi rst inralicl pension 11rodsions which bas miscarried. were made. These '\Vere broadened and extended, until in 1818 202 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE,. DECEMBER 1f, a law was passed based on service and indigence. Then finally After the lapse <>f years the next step has been to grant a lim­ came the pure service pension law of 1832. Later widows· pen­ it~d-service pension conditioned on the showing of need. The sions were granted those who were married prior to or during th1r~ and last step has been a full-service pension granted to all the war. Then the time of marriage was extended to 1794, s~r"Y1vors -0f the war. Thus in both the Revolutionary and then to 1800, and :finally all limitation was abolished. C1v1l Wars the first step was taken during the wars. The sec­ The Revolutionary War ended in 1783. ond step was taken following the Revolutionary War, in 1818, · It was 35 years after, that the first limited service act was or 35 years after the war closed. It wn.s taken following the passed. Civil War in 1890, or 25 years after the close of the war. The It was 49 years after, that a full service pension act was third step was taken with regard to Revolutionary pensions in passed. 1832, or 49 years after the war ended. We hope the parallel WAR OF 1812. may be c-0ntinued by final action on the pending legislation in At the outbreak of the War of 1812 half-pay provisions were 1912, or 47 years after the close of the Civil War. made. A liberal pension policy has been the established custom of In 1816, $8 a month was promised for private soldiers and .a the Nation. If we shall uow enact the present legislation, we proportionate increase for officers. shall but follow the precedents; we shall but continue the policy A general service pension was not granted until 1871. It pro­ approved by W:ishington, Madison, Jackson, Lincoln, and all the vided that all surviving soldiers and sailors who had served 00 Presidents, without exception; we shall but carry out the de­ days should receive a pension of $8 a month for life. clared principles of e-very great political party that has appealed MEXICAN WAR. to th~ American people; we shall but -«.o that which every great In the act declaring war with Mexico a provision was in­ American statesman throughout our history has declared to be serted promising those volunteers wounded or disabled in the the duty and the obligation of the country to its defenders in service the same pension benefits as those provided for the all its wars. Regular Army. PRINCIPLE VIClOUS. In 1887 a limited service pension -act was passed. It pro­ It is claimed by those who represent the opposition that tbe vided that every person who had served 60 days, and who was principle is vicious, be~ause it puts a money valua.tion on 02 years of age, or was disabled, should receive a pension of $8 patriotism. "'l'hese are debts," it is said, ''that can not be a month. settled across the counter." " The most sacred obligations are In 1893 this was increased to $12 a month to those totally those that can never be paid." "There can be no material disabled and destitute. recompense for loyalty, patriotism, devotion to country, or a The benefits of the act of February 6, 1907, were also granted heroic discharge of duty." These are high-sounding phrases, to those who had served 60 days or more in the War with aud seem to make other considerations appear sordid and mer4 Mexico. cenary. But they are not Yalid objections to pensions. We The soldiers of the War of 1812 and of the l\Iexican War were know that any great service can never be adequately paid. also granted land warrants amounting to 63,500,000 acres, or But we are not relieved of our duty nor any obligation by nearly 100,000 square miles, an area nearly twice as la.rge as saying, "Your service is of such an exalted character that we Iowa and nearly 50 per cent larger than all New England. never can compensate you, therefore we will pay you nothing.'' It is true that patriotism can not be purchased. But a true CIVIL WAR. patriot may make material sacrifices which can be and should Three days after Sumter had been fired upon President Lincoln be paid for in dollars and cents. It is a constitutional guaranty c~.Ued Congress in session. July 22, 1861, a law was passed au­ thorizing the enlistment of 500,000 volunteers. Among the pro­ that if the Government takes a man's property he is entitled visions of this law was one that all volunteers who might be to compensation. But a man's time is property, his health is wounded or otherwise disabled in the service should be entitled property, his service is property. It has been. suggested that to the benefits conferred on persons disabled in the Ilegular the enlistment was a contract for service for which the salary Army. received was a complete payment. But this was not the July 14,. 1862, an act passed by Congress was approved by nature of the transaction, as both parties understood. What President Lincoln, providing pensions for those disabled by was paid was merely an allowance for passing needs. The reason of wounds received or· disease contracted while in the Government never regarded it as an enforceable obligation service of the United States and in the line of duty. The rates and paid it in depreciated currency. The soldier enlisted ofte~ varied from $8 to $30 a month. It was a very comprehensive without knowledge of the amount he would receive. But in any event hu1f price or less is not full payment. Granted ·that act, and included benefits for widows and dependents. It was practically unopposed. it was all the Government then could pay. It is not all the In 1864 an act was passed fixing rates for certain specific Government now can pay: n..nd such obligations :ire not barred disabilities. by any statute of limitations. These acts were extended and liberalized by the acts of 1866, FRAUDS. 186 , 1810, .and 1873. It is said the Pension Bureau is "honeycombed with fraud." In 1879 the arrears act was passed. A distinguished man in public life- is as<:erted to have said June 27, 1890, the dependent pension law was passed. It pro­ that the pension list had become a "roll of dishonor." A vides that all pe1·sons who had served 90 days and who were dis­ writer in one of our leading magazines writes a continued abled from performance of manual labor should receive a pen­ series of assaults, under the title "The pension carnival." sion not to exceed $12 per month. It is a limited-service pension He declares that to-day every pensioner is a " suspect." He ays bill. the pension rolls "are packed with unworthy and perjured In 1904 an Executive order was issued by President Roosevelt names." He selects n. lot of cases whose fraudulent character that in the adjudication of pension claims under the act of June bas been shown, and then declares that these are characteri tic 27, 1890, it should be ta.ken and considered as fill evidential fact of the others. It is no doubt true that there hm·e been fraudu­ that a claimant who had passed the age of 62 should be dis­ lent claims secured. The Government has been defrauded in abled one-half and entitled to $6 per month, and after 65 years the Pension· Department, just as it has been in the Post at $8, after 63 years at $10, and after 70 years at $12 per month. Office Departmen~ and in the Internal Revenue Department, The acts of April 24, 1906, and March 4, 1907, provided that and in every other department of the Government. But we do the age of 62 years and over should be considered as permanent not talk -0f abolishing those departments because of such facts. disability, and medical examinations in such cases were not We seek to discover and punish the fraud. Those who have required. evaded taxation for the support of the Government have The order and acts referred to were substantially superseded cheated it out of much more than all the pension frauds put by the act of February 6, 1907. together. Those who have defrauded the Government out of This act grants pensiops to persons who served 90 days or her. custom dues .and internal revenues have taken much more. more in the military or naval service of the United States during The Government is active and vigilant in the discovery and the Civil War or 60 days in the Uexican War and were honor- punishment of pension frauds as it is of other offenses, and ably discharged, with rates as fol1ows: $12 per month when there is not an old soldiel' who would not only wish, but woulu 62 years of age, $15 per month when 70 years of age, and $20 gladly aid in the punishment to t!le utmost limit of the· 111 w of per month wben 75 years of age. all those who thus defraud and rob the G-Overnment. This is only au outline sketch of previous legislation in the If the pension list is a roll of dishonor because sorue un­ United States. It is ·not intended to be complete. More than worthy names are found thereon, then the church register is 20-0 general-pension laws and more than 1,000 private acts were a roll of dishonor, then e>ery sacred cause that hns brought passed before the Ci>il War. Many others than those men­ to its service 1.he courage, de•otion, and sacrifioo of men since tioned ha Ye been passed" since. It will be noticed that in a the dawn of history is dis110nored. ~o just ca.use can be dis­ general way pen ions have been first granted for wounds and honored because unworthy men espouse it. They dishonor only other disabilities received in the service and in the line of duty. themselves who are guilty of dishonor.

; 1911. CONGRESSIONAL _ RECORD-~ HD_USE. 203

WE HAVE DOXE EXOl"GH. l\Iexican War who had sened 60 days in Mexko or en route It is said that our Government has already done more than thereto. In the same year, in his 1eto to the dependent pension any other goyernment on earth, and that is enough. It may be bill, he said: "Never before in the history of the country bas admitted that we have done well. But that is not the question. it been proposed to render Go-rernment aid toward the support The question we have now to determine is, Have we fulfilled. of any of its soldiers based alone upon a military service so our obligatjon? Have we done already all that we ought to recent, and when age and circumstances appeared so little to do? Other nations have their obligations, and we have ours ; demand such aid. Hitherto ·such relief has been granted to and we can not me f?. sure our duty by their performance. ;Here surviving soldiers few in number, venerable in age, after a long all stand upon an equality before the law. In time of public lapse of time since their military service, and as a parting danger and of war the obligation of service rests upon all. benefaction tendered by a grateful people." This was in 1887, But all do not sene. Some do, and the benefit of their service or only 22 years after the close of the war. If 1887 was re­ and sacrifice goes to all. Common justice requires that those garded as a period " so recent," if 22 years was regarded as who made the sacrifice and thus saved the Nation for the benefit not " after a long lapse of time since their military service," of all should in some way be recompensed for what they have what shall we say of 1912, or 50 years after their military serv­ done over and abo\e what their neighbors ·have done. If, out ice? In the lives of men that surely constitutes "a long lap~e of eYery fiye men, one goes to service and one stays at home, the of time." A.nd if they were not "venerable in age" in 1887, one who goes does service for all, and if he dies his family what shall be said of them in 1912, when their average age will haYe suffered a loss-an especial loss-for which they should exceed man's allotted space of threescore years and ten? If n be compensated. And if he is mai.Ihed, or disabled, or has lost "parting benefaction" is to be "tendered by a grateful people," his health, justice requires that his loss be made good, and in it ought to be· done speedily, or there will not be even the either case it is uot a gift or a charity, it is a compensation. specified "few in number" left to receive it. Thirteen or sixteen dollars per month was less than farm hands received during the war. Those who performed the POLITICAL COWARDS. commonest kind of labor could earn more by staying at home It has been said on the floor of this House that Members 1ote than by serving their country, to say i~o thing of hardships and for pensions because they are cowards and are afraid of t:ue dangers. Every skilled mechanic, farmer, business, and profes­ soldier vote. With singular inconsistency it is suggested, on sional man could have earned many times the amount allowed the other hand, that Members need no longer fear the soldier by the Government if he had stayed at home. Difference in 1ore, because it has become a negligible quantity and politicians wages, added to the privation, exposure, and hardships of a can afford to disregard it. I am satisfied that, for the most part, soldier's life are estimable losses for which compensation should Members vote their honest convictions on this and on other ques­ be made. tions. I am also satisfied that if the desire of the 10ters of All this is upon the assumption that all who returned from the America was known it would be overwhelmingly in faror of · war were as sound physically as they would have been had liberal pension legislation. Those who favor such legislation they stayed at home. Perhaps some did. If their service was can rest assured that they really represent the wish of the great 1ery short and their lives fell in pleasant places, it is con­ body of their constituents without taking i.nto consideration the ceirnble that some returned sound and well. But it is a well­ soldier sentiment. established fact that Yery few returned sound and well. A REAL NEED. Changed and trying climatic conditions, lack of scientific knowl­ It is impossible for gentlemen opposing this legislation to edge and appliances for securing sanitary conditions, constant realize its actual and pressing need. They think of it only as exposure, impure food and insufficient clothing, lack of medical another "raid on the Treasury," as but a cowardly surrender advice and attendance, want of medicine and poor hospital to an impertinent demand. Certainly these men do not desire, service-all these were the common experiences of a soldier's and would not permit, if they but realized it, thousands of the life. Any considerable length of service under these conditions soldiers of the Republic to suffer in po-rerty and to die in want. brought certain physical impairment. Not a single one of the And yet such are the existing conditions. . Let me read to you great generals of the war are now lidng. Of the 131 major some extracts from letters recently received: generals of 101unteers only two are now alive. Of the 446 EXTRACTS FROM LETTERS. brigadier generals only 19. Of the more than 3,000 colonels of regiments, less than 200. Of the 2,750,000 men who enlisted J. C. Baker, of Knowlton, Iowa, writes: If ever there was need of a bill, there is need for one now. We have during the war less than half a million sun-i1e. with us an old soldier now working on the section of the Chicago Great The pension roU is long, but so was the war.. The amount Western Railway for his daily bread. He served in the Seventy-seventh paid is large, but large also was their sen-ice and their sacrifice. Illinois Regiment. He was in Li\.Jby Prison 17 months. Ile is ruptured 'rhe country has been liberal to the soldier. But the country and wears a truss all the time. He is not the only one; we have others, crippled and suffering. Think what these men have done for us. They has not been more liberal to the soldier than was the soldier gave us our liberty; let us give them theirs. to the country. He gave it his devoted service, his sacrifice, if need be, his life. That was the measure of his liberality. The C. A. Conger, Seymour, Iowa, writes: If a good bill could be passed now it would be of inestimable benefit country llas been generous, it is true. nut so was the soldier. to nearly all the old soldiers. And it should become a law speedily, He gave up his home, comfort, ambition, his life work-every­ as the Civil War soldiers are passing away rapidly. To see one's thing as an offering on the altar of his country. That was the comrades suffering and in need is not a pleasing thought to us, and we hope Congress will do its duty. measure of his ge~erosity . When the war broke out the total 1alue of the property of J. D. Lankton, Sidney, Iowa, writes: the Nation was but $20,000,000,000. Now it is $150,000,000,000. We are out with a searchlight looking for our friends. We wonder how many of the men wh(} now oppose us would have been willing to have We are ricll, rich beyond e\'len the dream of possible national taken our places from 1861 to .1865. The old boys are being mustered wealth. Oor resources are incalculable. Our income is what out very rapidly, and it won't be very long until jt all will be over. you will. To add but a few millions for but a few years in Death is thinning our ranks so fast that it will be impossible for us to keep up the organization of our post very long. payment of such an oblign ti on would not be an appreciable burden, and it would be an incalculable blessing. J. C. McDonald, Cincinnati, Iowa, writes: It is said the aYerage age of the soldiers now living is 71 Many of our soldiers are needy, and the ' present allowance they are If drawing is inadequate for their support. At the rate they are .dying, years. so, their average expectancy of life is but 7 years. if a considerate Government intends to further remember them, it must Se-ren years will relieve us. ·Seven years will close the actual, do so suon, or to very many of them it will be everlastingly too late. the rest is history. Gentlemen who have spoken here are pro­ If Congress pursues its usual dilatory tactics there will soon be none to fuse in their praises of the 10yalty and devotion of the soldiers, benefit. but they do not want them to have any more money. A. B. Johnston, Clearfield, Iowa, writes: Pericles, who had been chosen by the Athenians after the If the Government intends to do anything it should act soon. It will only be a short time at best until they will all have answered the last battle of Marathon to deliver the oration in honor of those who roll call. We have many who are in great need of assistance. We hope had fallen, in his opening ~entence said, "I should have pre­ Congress will do all it can for us. ferred that, when men's deeds ha\e been brave, they shoald H. Towns, Hamburg, Iowa, writes : be honored in deed only." I propose that course to our friends We can not understand why Congress, which seems so willing to now. Rather than the praise of words, let us have the honor spend millions on almost anything, should hesitate to do justice to of deeds-deeds that shall b1·ing comfort to distress, relief to' the old soldiers. We voted, nearly to a man, to pay the bankers and bondholders, and we still believe we were right. But we don't believe poverty, and joy to sorrowing hearts it right that the old soldiers who saved the Nation should now suffer TDIE FOR ACTIO~. for the necessities of life, as so many of them do. It is now nearly a half century since the close of the war. A.. N. Keys, Creston, Iowa, writes : Not one in fi\e of those who enlisted are now living. President Our ranks are thinning fast, and there is much suffering and need. Cleveland is regarded as having been unfriendly to pension Almost a half century has passed since the war closed. As a result of our victory we are the greatest and richest nation on the face of legislation, yet in 1887 be signed one of the most liberal pension the earth. We have nearly paid our national debt, and are pros­ bills ever enacted, granting pensions to all survivors of the perous. The soldiers remaining are all old men. Their earning powers CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. DEOEMBER 11,

are gone. The Government is amply able to do a good -part by them. subjected to such conditions during the few remaining years of It ought at least to be as generous with its money as we were with fh our lives. eir lives. .l\Iore than this is not contemplated and less than this is not justice. A. S. Carr, :Murray, Iowa, writes: Gladstone, speaking of the war, said: Our post has taken no action as to which pension bill is best. What every old soldier desires is a bill that will give the greatest measure The convul.sion of that country between 1861 and 18C5 was perbnps of relief to so many of our comrades and their widows who, in their the most. fnghtful which ever assailed a national existence. The old age, have so little of this world's wealth, and are drawing so efforts which were made on both sides were m:irked. The exertions by small a pension that they actually suffer for the necessities of life. which alone the movement was put down were not only extraordinary But months pass and nothing is done, and during that time large they were what would antecedently have been called impossible. ' brigades of heroes have gone to the great beyond. This to me is the most damnable method of economy ever inaugurated by any govern­ That is the measur~ of true statesmanship of the service ren­ ment on earth. dered by the soldiers of the Civil War. Is it unjust to claim that our treatment of them should be commensurate with the M:. Capt. Frank Davis, Corning, Iowa, writes: greatne~s, the dignity and the value of their · accomplishment? There are many broken·down old veterans, 75 years old and more, who have no one to care for them, who can hardly manage to live now. I join with other gentlemen on the floor of this House in ex­ They live lonely lives with little to comfort or cheer their declinina pressing the wish that before the holidays we can send the news ye:i.rs. If a little more money will brighten those years let a rich anCl1 to the \eterans of the Union that a liberal pension bill has great country-rich and great because of his service-give it to him. passed Congress and been signed by the President. It would S. H. Hedrix, Allerton, Iowa, writes: carry greater Christmas cheer and joy into more homes in There is a division of opinion as to the merits of the Sherwood ~nd America than any other act we could do. Sulloway bills. But all agree that the real important thing is action. There is much real suffering and want that early action will alle'1iate. Mr. .l\fA.}.,"fN. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman from Nevada [Mr. ROBERTS]. Levi W. Armstrong, Randolph, Iowa, writes: 1\Ir. ROBERTS of Nevada. .l\Ir. Chairman, we, as the Repre­ Thern are 19 old soldiers here and most of them are poor men, 15 sentatt-rns of a great Nation, are at this time engaged in the out of 19 dependent on their pensions. We do not doubt the friend­ ship of tile lower House for the old soldier, but we have some doubts discussion of a most important question, one that is second to about the Senate and the President. none that ever has or ever will be presented to the American J. C. Pence, of Creston, Iowa, writes: people. It is a question that each Member of this House should look upon as entirely foreign to politics. As we look around The Democrats are going to do great things for us old boys. Let them be up and about it or we will soon all be gone to a place where this vast Chamber,. sacred with the memories of many notable there is no politics, and pensions will not be needed. debates on this same question by great men, and see here and Capt. George W. Wycoff, Cincinnati; Iowa, writes: there a survivor of that .dread civil conflict, some on this side of the House and some on that, some who fought for the preser­ Whatever is done must be done soon if it does any good. It is now 50 year since the war began, and to pa_rley longer about different bills vation of the Union and some who fought against; each, how­ is simply mockery. ever, believing he was in the right and willing to risk his life, Edward Spence, Lucas, Iowa, writes: his home, his fortune, his all upon it, we are all the more re­ minded of the unanimity with which reasonable pension legis­ Do the best you can and do it quickly for there. are so many in ?-~ed. I am on the board of relief and know of many who are in p1tif-ul lation should be enacted. I like the splendid example that is condition. being set by many of our southern colleagues. I like the atmo - phere that pervades this Chamber during our deliberations. It J. S. Noble, New Market, Iowa, writes: is patriotic. It is inspiring. It shows that the Nation is a We hope something substantial can be done soon, for quite a number of the old boys here are very needy, as they are entirely dependent on united Nation, and that while the affairs of state, so far as their small pension. this House is concerned, are virtually lillder the control of the men from "Dixie Land," they are willing to give the victors T. S. Crozier, Russell, Iowa, writes: of that Civil War their rights as defenders of the Nation's If something is not done soon we will not need help. Since Congress has been talking about these bills five of our post have died and four flag. [Applause.] more are now on their deathbeds. We do hope something can be done It would be a shame and an outrage to " play politics " over soon. the deathbed of our dying soldiers. Their ranks are thinning Jasper Fisher, Braddyville, Iowa, writes: fast, and in a few more years the last sur--vi-rnr of that great If you can not get one bill, work for the other. There will not be family' conflict will fail to answer as the roll is called. any left soon to legislate for at the rate they are dying now. Not one Over 35,000 failed to respond to their names quring the call in a thousand can make a living by day's work of those who are le!t, and they are really in need of help from the Government. of the roll. for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1911. They did valiant service for their country, and when the war was on, E. F. Allen, Decatur, Iowa, writes: and brother took up arms against brother, father against son, We feel that what is done should be done now while we need help, sister against sister, they offered up all tllat life held near and for we are getting fewer in number every day. Soon we will not need help, for we will be gone. There are many who are In actual need, and dear to them and went forth to fight for the preservation of this we hope that Congress will not longer delay the matter. Union, willing to give their all to the cause in which they W. D. Kinser, Moravia, Iowa, writes; believed. The State I have the honor to represent did more to end that bloody conflict than any one thing recorded in American As you will see by our post roster we are getting old and will require pensions but a short time. Our post when organized wa.s 50 strong. history. We have 15 now, and they nre feeble old men. I do not know of one I therefore take a pride in calling to your attention the part who can do a day's work. Nevada, the "Battle Born" State, pl:iyed in the settlement of I. W. Abbott, New Market, Iowa, writes: the Civil War. [Applause.] As I remarked on the floor of this We have 43 old soldiers; 15 out of the 43 have to dig coal for their House during the debate oh the admission of Arizona and. New bread and butter. Surely the Government could gr:J.Dt a little increase Mexico, President Lincoln J.iad concluded that the United States to help these men in their need. And what are they going to do when Constitution should be amende

The greatness and strength of any nation lies in its citizen­ States or Territories. Nomber. Amount. ship. The higher the standard of that citizenship the greater and stronger will be the nation. Citizenship without patriotism Ohio ___ ------·------86,474 $15,638,286.83 is one of which it is difficult for Americans to conceive. Our Oklahoma •. ------____ ·------12,318 2,179, 264. 47 soldiers had the patriotism and would fight again if necessiuy Oregon _____ ------~------8,239 1,860, 963.81 Pennsylvania. ______----_----___ ._----. 85, 572 14, 646 ,640. Oi for the preservation of this Union, and they would not do it for Rb ode Island ______------5,049 849 ,318.43 hire, either. They are not asking for a price to be set upon South Oarolina ______------1,924 302,562. 44 their patriotism; they are only asking, now that the cause for South Dakota ______------5,333 1,055,579.05 Tennessee.• ______17 ,3ll 3, 190, 810. ~ which they so rnliantly fought has been successfully termi­ ~·exns .. ------9 ,143 1,504,851.68 nated, that the Government of which they are a part shon!d Utah __ ------· 1, 110 19~,883. 54 come to their assistance and make more light the burdens ~f:~i~~--:-_::·_::::-_::·_::·:_::·_:::·_-_-_:·::_:-:.::::::·:_:::-_::~ ~:ii~ ~:::~~:: which disease and advancing old age have brought down Ul)t Indies ______------· 3 298.00 amended so as to provide for the Mexican veterans and the 1 148.40 Bulgaria... __ . ______------____ ------Spanish-.American War veterans, and that some of the unreason~ Canada._. ___ . ------· ------!,712 483,539.60 Cape de Verde Islands .•. ------1 00.00 able provisions wiU be stricken out so that we may an unite in Ceylon ___ .. ------2 594.00 the passage of a nonpartisan pension bi1l and send a Christmas ChiJe. ------­ • 12 2,268.00 greeting to the old soldiers throughout the land. In conclusion Chin a._ ----_--- --.• ------• ·-----•• ------­ 18 3,209.40 Comoro Islands._----- __ ----•• ---• ------· l 120.00 let me say that we can give no better object lesso·n to the world Costa Rica. ______----.----____ ------_____ ------4 517 .50 than the one of providing for the comfort and maintenance of Onba. __ ------· ------60 10,696.80 our men who responded to the call when our country was in Danish West Indies • .. • --• ------2 324.00 Denmark. ______---- ______------______• ____ _ 51 9,W2.30 danger. Dominlean Republic. __ ---_---- __ ------. ------2 241.00 Mr. MANN. I yield to the gentleman from South Dakota [Mr. Dutch West Ind1es------· 6 948.10 BURKE] such time as he may require. Rn gland .. _------· ------. 486 86,650.80 Egypt. ------­ 3 330.00 Mr. BURKE of South Dakota. l\Ir. Chairman, I am very glad Fiji Islands.• ------1 (1) that the majority propose this ea:rly in the present session to France ___ -- _..••. ------•. ______------__ ---· 76 13,549.67 pass a pension bill. The present bill is in some respects a good Germany __ ------__ ------_. ---____ ----___ ------532 95,853.33 Greece. ____ • ------. ------8 1,941.41 measure, and if I were sure it was not possible to get a better 3 465.00 bill, I would vote for it, because I am and have always been in 1 108.00 favor of any legislation proposing more liberal pensions for tbe !~!:J::~~:::::::::,::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2 252.00 Hongkong __ .____ .--- .. --.. -.-- ... _____ .------. 3 597.00 survivors of the Civil War. This bill should be amended. The India .. _------­ 17 3,031.10 proviso ·that no one in receipt of a pension of $25 or more shall Ireland •• - --• ------• ---- 462 82,370.eO Isle of Man ______------· 3 395.50 be entitled to admission or residence in the National Home for Isle of Pines.------______----______----___ _ 2 372.00 Disabled Volunteer Soldiers and that no State or Territorial home Italy -. -.. ------61 10,875.30 for disabled soldiers and sailors shall receive any aid from the Jamaica .• ------· 7 1,876.20 General Government on account of any person who sha11 be in Japan. ------. ------· ------­ 84 6,060.20 Korea ..• ------. ------. ------• __ • ---• _ 1 36.00 receipt of a pension ofl$25 per month or more should be stricken J,iberia. _. ---•. ------..•• ------_------_ . 7 912.00 out. It is unjust and unfair, and I indorse all that has been 1.1 artcira. __ --.• --•• ------• ------• _____ ------1 345.00 said in criticism and denunciation of it. 11-f al ta .. ------2 324.00 Mexico._. --• ------. ------_------______189 33,705.70 Section 3 should also be eliminated; first, because it is unfair; N etberlands. _. __ ------· 10 1,668.00 and, second, because it would probably cost more to administer N e"rfoandland.. ------. ------4 612.00 in New Zealand.• ------. _-- --. ______• ______16 2,847 .50 the law with section 3 it than the amount of the pension N iearagua. _------••.• ----• _-- -- __ • ----____ ------· 2 288.00 that· would be paid under the provfsion. It would necessitate 77 13,725.10 in PanN or,vayam a. -- -•.------• ----••••••••------___-- • -______------· _ proof being furnished every case that the applicant did not 34 6,048.90 receive a net income of $1,000 or more, putting claimants to Paraguay ______.. ------1 240.00 Peru. __ ------. ______-----______... ___ _ 14 2,496.10 great expense and necessitating long delay in the adjudication Portugal. •• ----_ ..•. -.• --. --- ______----__ _ 82S.00 Russia. ____ .----___ • ______. ______•• 5 of claims that should be disposed of speedily, and must neces­ 18 3,197.60 in Salvador .. ----______• ____ •. _. ______. 1 144.00 sarily be thousands of cases, in order to do the claimants llny Samoa. ____ ------· ____ ------1 96.00 good, as the statistics tell me they are dying at the rate of 100 Scotland. ______.------· 86 15,333.67 per day, and, of course, as time passes the death rate wil1 be Seychelles Islands.----•• ---. ------__ --.. ----• ---•• ---. 1 216.00 Siam .. ___ . _____ ------______---· ____ ------.•• __ 1 144.00 very much greater. South :Africa •• ------• ------11 1,728.00 Mr. Chairman, in my opinion, we should not consider what Spain .. ______------. ___ ·------· 3 432.00 some other body may do with a bill that we pass. The other St. Helena ______------] H4.00 body is responsible for what it may do, and we should assume Sadan. ______. ___ ----______. 1 473.57 Swed en ___ . ______• ______•• -- _. _____ . __ . _. _- _. ------· 81 14,443.10 the full responsibility of our position and pass a bill in accord­ s,vitzerland. ------· 68 12,126.40 ance with our· best judgment, and, it seems to me, that if we Tasmania .. ____ ----- ______-·------2 2,332.93 do this that we will adopt as a substitute for the pending bill Tonga Islands ______---- ____ ------_------· ------. 2 432.00 'I'urkey _. __ . ______20 3,565.00 the Sulloway bi11, which was passed in the last Congress and Un1guay __ ------____ ------4 909.60 which, in my opinion, is a more just measure and in every re­ Venezuela. ______•• _••• ------· 1 144.00 spect more liberal than the Sherwood bill. It proposes to recog­ Wales. ____ ----__ ------31 5,526.30 nize the surrivors of the Mexican War, and certainly there is TotaL _____ ------______------•• ------.. 5,476 978,471.98 no reason why the survirnrs of that war should not receive the benefits of the legislation which we propose to enact for the 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 207

survivors of the Civil War. One of the reasons why I am in a will, and, although he did not have a dollar in the world, he favor of the enactment of a more liberal pension law than we bequeathed untold nn1llons to his grenadiers and his soldiers, now have upon the. statute books is because we are now. by and the gratitude of France paid every dollar. Such was the prin1te bills conferring special favor upon a few old soldiers love of Napoleon for his men of the battle line; such was the when hundreds of others are just as worthy, and perhaps in love of France for the men who brought so much glory to her many instances more worthy, than some who by reason of their · eagles. and tricolor. · activity or through the good fortune of having a friend here or , And how niany men were there who were shot to death and el sewhere is enabled to get relief through a nrivate bill. I who received no consideration, or even a decent burial'? Coa:nt­ assume when the bill that will be reported by this committee less unknown and unmarked graves offer the answer. I know and finally passed by the Ho-use becomes a law that then, to a of an instance in my own county where a father stood on the large extent, Congress will not be called upon to grant increases veranda of his home and saw four boys go down the lane and of pension by special act, and that only such cases as do not turn into the great highway, which highway led to eternity, for come within the existing law will be considered. they never came back. Those four boys were never pensioned. •The re is no occasion for my taking up the time of the com- What of the unnumbered thousands who have died and never mittee in expres ing my sentiments toward this proposed legis- received a dollar? Patriotism this, which, noble, sublime, Iation or eulogizing those who will be affected thereby, as dur- pierces the skies and reaches to beayen, ing my service as a Member of this body I think I have demon- Here we have a few old men left, tottering and trembling, stra ted my friendship and regard for the old soldiers of the not asking for charity-no, but that their Government shall conutry, and they who know me best know that I have never discharge a sacred obligation. That is what we wapt for failed to respond when I could be of service to them~ and I them-the discharge of an obligati-0n made by Lincoln himself therefore hope that the present bill may be amended as I have when they went to the front. suggc ted and that it will pass this House to-morrow and that I trust that Gen. SHERWOOD will eliminate from his bill the the other body will consider it promptly, with a view to having thousand-dollar restriction, inasmuch as he calls this a se1~vice it placed upon the statute books before the holiday recess as a bill. The fact that he limits the bill in its application with Christmas greeting to those who will be beneficiaries under its respect to the thousand dollars makes it anything but a service­ prodsions. [Applause.] pension bill.. I hope, too, that there may be added at least :\Ir. MANN. I yield to the gentleman from Pennsylvania $20 per month for the widows of the soldiers. Ah, my friends. [l\lr. FocHT] 10 minutes. not least among those who suffered the agonies and tortures of j f r. FOCHT. Mr. Chairman, before making some observa- that war were the women at home.- tio!l regarding the merits of the Sherwood pension bill, I wish l\lr. RUSSELL. Will the gentleman yield? to congratulate the Democratic Members on the other side of Mr. FOCHT. Yes. the aisle who feel that there devolves upon this House a great Mr. RUSSELL. As a friend te> the legislation, and in the obligation; and while the bill wbich has been presented by the interest of the widows, does not the gentleman believe that it gentleman from Ohio [l\fr. SHERWOOD] is not all that is ex- would be safer for them and the wterans under this bill to let pected by those more friendly to pension legislation than some that bill which is pending before the committee, and, as I am of the Democratic or southern l\lembers, yet I wish to extend informed, will be reported to the House, stand on its own merits congratulation for the reason that I can comprehend why rather than to endanger this bill by putting it onto this? many Member ' from the South might feel that they do not ha\e l\Ir. FOC..~T. I certainly agree with the gentleman from Mis- reason for being in favor of pensions for om soldiers. souri. I am expressing my views now, as I may not get an Tbc truth of the matter is, l\fr. Speaker, even in my own opportunity to express them on that bill. . State-that grand Commonwealth that contributed more of Mr. RUSSELL. I am in sympathy with the gentleman from wealth, of suffering, of blood, and of life for the erection of Pennsylvania, but I do not want to increase the limits of this the Republic, and then for its preservation, than any other bill for fear that those opposed to the other bill may vote Stare in the Union-from Pennsylvania and my district came against this and so defeat it. Gen. Hulings with his brave Logan Guards, the first to arrfve l\Ir. FOCHT. 'I am in perfect accord with the gentleman in Washington, but even there the citizenship was not all of from ~:Iissouri. I wish to say that I have gathered from ex­ one accord \vith respect to that great contest. pressions of gentlemen on the majority side, Democrats North I ba ve in my possession a letter written to my father, . who and South, that it was their purpose, at this time, to permit us W3S a preacher and a pronounced Unionist, in which the declara- to wind up the pension business; that is to say, by the passage tion of warning was made to him that if he preached one more of this bill, to put it in such shape as to no longer require med­ Union sermon like the one he preached on the Sunday previous ical examinations and investigations af every description, un­ he would preach no mDre; but he continued preachj.ng just the told ramifications, and complex details which are very expen­ sa.me. There were people in the North who did not believe in sive, costing two or three million dollars a year-that there the contest, who said, "Let the South go"; and I doubt seri- should be a final and complete winding up, giving the soldier ously whether there was a universal comprehension and clear not 50 or 75 cents a day, but enoug·h to sustain human life. insight into the real meaning and consequences of the great Now, I want to say something in answer t() anybody and contest until it wns given utterance by that great leader of everybody who makes the assertion that the GDvernment or men--one of God's ambassadors and prophets-Abraham Lincoln. any State has provided a home for the old soldier. What is a [Applause.} Abraham Lincoln felt about that contest that home? A place of confinement where there are re.guL'ltions men could die, but they could not be defeated. He said in his restricting and hedging the conduct of your life? Is that a immortal speech at Gettysburg· that these men mast not have home? Is a home a place far off from friends, among people died in vain. He said more. He said that thing which causes you do not know? These men, if they are anything, arc the me to-day to appeal for these veterans_ He said there, in es- Republic's noblemen, and are entitled to fair treatment by the sence, that the result of this mighty contlict wo.11ld determine Government we are so proud of. Give them enough that they whether men anywhere were capable of self-government and may leave these institutions, however well kept they may be. independent sovereignty. And that finally is what actuated They can be nothing more or less, and can not be more or less and stimulated and aroused tbe patriotism of the North and to · a man removed from his youthful enviromnents than some­ caused the South to be conquered. It was to be dete1·mined, thing of a cross between an almshouse and a prison. Let the with the world an audience and gazing upon the awful conflict, veteran have sufficient subsistence, let him go back to the whether we a.s brothers should live in peace together. woods and the fields, let him livfr and linger among his old So, therefore, these men who went to the front did. not go friends at the corner store, let him go along the murmuring in the hope of conquest and of plunder. They were not like streams and hear the birds sing and live in the glory and Blucher, who stood on London Bridge after Waterloo and, be· splendor of the sunshine of his youthful associations. [Ap­ holding the great city, was asked what he thought of it, and ex- plause.] claime~ "Great God, wha.t plunder!" There was no plunder The SPEAKER. Tl1e gentleman's time has expired. for those men who marched down this Avenue and across the Mr. FULLER. Mr. Chairman, I believe I have some time river to the ccmfliets of the Civil War. There was only one remaining-51 minutes, I think. Rather than consume that thing that actuated them, and that was the highest. the noblest, time myself, I shall yield it to others. I ask unanim-0us con- and the sublimest patriotism. sent to extend my remarks in the RECORD. l\Iy friends, it is an historic tradition, if not a fact, that The CHAifilIA.N. Is there objection? Alexander, long before the Christian era. when his soldiers There was no objection. became enfeebled or were wounded, · sent them back to their Mr. FULLER. Mr. Chairman, I now yield five minutes to Macedonian homes with the order that they should be reeeived the gentleman from Illinois [Mr: THISTLEwoooJ. with all honor and supported by the government. 'l'hen there is Mr. THISTLEWOOD. Mr. Chairman, I feel, in justice to the example of the world's greatest soldier, if not statesman, myself and ta the great State of Illinois and to her soldier who, as he sat dying on the barren rock of St. Helena, indicted citizens, that I ought to rise in my place and urge the pas- 208 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. DECEMBER 11,

sage of this legisJation that we have been prom1srng from The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, that leave is granted. year to year. I know we are told that the pension roll is [After a pause.] The Chair hears none. . already very long and the peopJe of the country are taxed to Mr. BROWN. .i\Ir. Chairman, I feel peculiarly honored in pay these pensions. Suppose the roll now is very long, was having the privilege of following the- distinguished gentleman tlu~re e-ver a country that possessed such an army of soldiers? from Illinois, the honorable and honored old soldier wllo has Was there ever such a body of men gathered together, who just taken his seat. [Applause.] marched under a flag, as were gathered togethe · and who I come from a district presenting a disputed border of more followed the :flag that we followed? I think the body of men than 200 miles, along the front of which was waged many that came anywhere near being equal to that body of men heroic contests of the Civil War, and every mile of which was were the men who followed the flag on the other side. I have battle ground between the two great contending armies. There no feeling now, nor did I ever have, against the men who is scarcely a county in the second congressional district of contended on the other side. If I had possessed the feeling West Virginia. in which monuments are not erected to wark it long since would have been wiped out, because I look upon our battle fields and scarcely a lonely cemetery ,-vhich does not the veteran soldiers as among the most honorable men in this contain the ashes of our sacred dead. There is not a highway country. Are they the men you find in your penitentiaries? crossing these 200 miles of firing line that has not been run de Are they the men you find blowing up bridges or packing dyna- historic by the daring charges and countercharges of Lee and mite through the streets? I think to-clay they stand as an Jackson and 1\IcClellan and Rosecrans. honor, each in his own section of the country, as an example We contributed generously and almost equally of our best for the younger generations to follow. I never meet a veteran blood and citizer1fhip to both the Blue and the Gray, and we who followed Pap Thomas on the battle field of Chickamauga are proud of the records they ham made, and you can not vraise and stood with him on Snodgrass Hill that I do not feel like and glorify the courage and fortitude of one side without hon­ taking off my hat to him, because they contended there from oring the other; but to our young men and women all thi is noon until dark and were relieved only by the darkness and history; to the older generation, howe'fer, it is a snd but glori­ their own sturdy solclier qualities. I feel the same way when ous memo.ry. [Applause.] In West Virginia, I am glad to say, I meet a veteran who followed Pickett in that magnificent we no longer know either the North or the South, bat are charge at the Battle of Gettysburg. I think it stands alruost one people sufficiently proud and boastful of the fact that we without a parallel in the history of all the wars of all the are all true Americans. [Applause.] , nations of the world. [Applause.] So, I iiay, give us this pen- From a constituency like this I am cal1ed upon to vote upon sion legislation. You have been promising it to us long enough. this pension bill, nor does this call come alone from the soldiers Every national convention of the two great parties for years of the North [applause], but be it said to the credit and bas said that we propose to give the soldier liberal :pensions. generosity of the no less brarn boys that wore the gray. I hnrn Is the pension that is being received by the veteran of 70 years on my desk a number of letters from them urging me to ~~•iP­ or more now a liberal one? Why, it will not pay his house port any pension bill that will bring additional comfort to ibe rent. These things were promised. soldiers of the North in their declining years. Only on Snt :u·- The soldiers of the Civil War have not been pensioned in day an old Confederate soldier, carrying by his side ~111 emr,ty equal amount to the soldiers of the :Mexican War. No soldier sleeve, a silent but con-vincing evidence of his bra very on the of this country of the Civil War received a land warrant for his field of batUe, urged me to support this bill. Not only for t!1flse services in that war. So I say we stand uncomplaining, but reasons, but because I believe it is right and just, I am here to support the best and most generous pension bill that can be now demanding for those who need it, that you shall fulfill the secured at this time. Personally 1 would prefer the ~ulloirny full measure of your promise. Was there anything too good to bill, but will vote for the Sherwood bill because I. belien~ it is promise when Lee was marching Oil Gettysburg, and when the the only one that can be passed and made a law at this ses8 ion. very doors of Baltiniore and Philadelphia were threatened? [Applause.] It is but an act of justice to the old soldier Was there anything too good to promise them? I think not already too long delayed. Was there anything too good to promise men who were wanted The Sherwood bill has two classes of enemies upon this floor: as recruits to come to the aid of Washington when Gen. Early Those who honestly oppose it; and those who speak in favor of was thundering at her gates? - And I say now that we are it, yet are endeavoring to load it down with amendments, demanding that the contract made with the peqple be fulfilled. thereby secretly hoping to secure its defeat. Among this Ia tter I remember, and many of you remember, that in every gather- class are many on the other side of the aisle, who ha,·e been ing where soldiers were being recruited men stepped forward in power in all branches of this great Government for more and said, "We will see that your widows are well cared for; than 40 out of the 50 years since the Civil War, and yet hiwe we will see that your children do not suffer for food; we will failed to do their full duty by the old Union soldier. [Ai1- take care of the families left behind." This was promised all plause.] Their declarations upon the floor of this House favor­ over this country, and I say the time has come now when you ing the Sherwood bill condemn them, and out of their own ought to live up to yout obligatio~s. [Applause.] Mr. Chairman, if Illinois had done no more than give to the mouths are they convicted of guilty 'and unpardonable· indif- country and the world the great Lincoln, she would have been ference and neglect of the old Union soldier, who has hereto­ fore relied upon that party to do him justice. entitled to sit in the front rank in any gathering of soldiers in It was for that grand old soldier and. statesman, Gen. SHER- this country. [Applause.] wooo, who fought as a private in the .first land battle of the The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman bas expired. Civil war at Philippi, w. Va., to lead the way and bring before Mr. FULLER. Mr. Chairman, I yield five minutes more to this House a liberal and patriotic measure for the true relief . the gentleman from Illinois. of his comrades in arms. Mr. THISTLEWOOD. l\lr. Chairman, in addition to that we Some express great surprise that the necessity for increased gave to the Union Army 250,000 men; we also sent that silent pension appi:opriatiom; should now exist. Why not? Every soldier from Galena, who, early in February, in 1862, at Fort year the old soldier becomes less able to earn a living at manna\ Donelson, electrified the country by his laconic dispatch to labor. The once strong ·arm is becoming weak and the martial Gen. ~uckner, commander of the Confederate forces. saying feet unsteady. Every year his ability to earn is less and. his "I demand your immediate and unconditional surrender," nnd needs are more. The pension rolls show that there are only whose name stands to-day among the great soldiers of the world. about ·450,000 survivors of this once magnificent army, and [Applause.] No greater magnanimity was ever exhibited by a that they are dying at the rate of over 100 a day, and that soldier than was exhibited by him toward Lee and his army owing to the advancing years the daily mortality is rapidly when they surren~ered, and I feel that that, more than any- increa~ing and that 10 years more wm see but few namet! of thing else, perhaps, has attracted the people of the whole conn- the old soldiers of the Civil War upon the pension roll. The try to the name of Ulysses S. Grant. Gentlemen, give us this pension roll is a roll of honor, and yet we are told by some pension legislation. I do not care whether you call it the Suilo- that we can not pass the Sherwood bill because we must econ­ way bill or the Sherwood bill or tbe Anderson bill, or wbat; but omize. To tbose who talk economy I would say let us economize give us this pension legislation. I am not pleading for myself. in some other way. If I was compelled to choose between them I draw a pension, it is true; and I do not expect to swap that I would rather build fewer battleships; cut down the standing pension certificate for any pension that you can give me. Army; spend less for internal improvement; stop, if necessary, My pension ~ays tbat it was granted because of wounds re- the building of tbe Isthmian Canal, than depri'fe the defenders ceived on the field of battle. That is an honorable legacy I wish of this Republic of their just demands. [Applause.] to learn to my family when I shall have passed away. [Ap- The enemies of the Sherwood bill insist upon pHssing a plause.] So it makes no difference to me; I do not expect to widow's pension bill, and I say to them that I am for their ask one penny under this bill. Gentlemen, I thank you. (.Ap- bill, but I will not vote for it as an amendment to the Sherwood p1auee.] I ask leave to extend my remarks in the RECORD. • bill, for I believe it is offered for the purpose of defeating all 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE: 209

pension legislation at this time. The same is true of the amend­ than a hundred a day, and it will be but a few more years ment including the veterans of the Mexican War, also the when the history of their deeds will be but a sacred memory. ·reterans of the Spanish-American Wai~ These may be just Let us act now and give them the comforts to which their and right and should receive proper consideration at some other age and services entitle them. time. The Sherwood bill may not be the most generous bill, There were on the pension roll on June 30, 1911, of the sur­ but let us not overload it at this time, for fear it will meet the vivors of the Civil War, 529,884; of this number 376,218 serrnd fate of the Sulloway bill, which died in the Senate committee longer than one year, and under this bill will receive $30 per room. I am in fa -rnr of passing this Sherwood bill, and passing month. The remaining 153,666 will receive from $15 to $25 it now. [Applause.] The present system is too slow, for, in per month, depending on the length of their service. As the my short service on the floor of this House, I secured a pension number of the survivors who served less than six months and for one old soldier who died in poverty and want before it more than three months is but 8 per cent of the total numbel' reached him. Another was ordered before the examining board of survivors on the pension roll, this bill will benefit 90 per for an increase and died before it could be granted. If this cent of those now on the rolls ·and give them from $20 to $30. great Nation ever intends to show its gratitude and appreciation Personally, I would like to see them all receive the $30 per of the Union soldier, we must do it now. Some tell us that month. I think they all deserve the same, and I have in each the old soldier enlisted for bounty ancl money considerations. Congress introduced a bill to that effect. This is an insult both to the old soldiers of the North and the I have so often here asked for liberal pensions, and have so South, for the same blood flowed in their veins and the same repeatedly presented the claims of the soldiers, that I can add patriotism and lo-ve of country inspired their hearts as led but little to what I have so often said before. I am glad to their children and their children's children to respond so know that this measure is to be passed so soon in this session, promptly to their country's call in the Spanish-American War, and may early consideration be given to it at the other end of and wo1Jld inspire you and your children to rally around your this Capitol. The soldiers are entitled to have this bill become country's flag in any hour of need. [Applause.] a law. Their sen·ices made it possible for us to enjoy the Let us pass the Sherwood bill, and do it now, I intend to blessings of this Gor-ernment and the benefits we to-day receive. vote for it as it now stands, and vote against all amendments They settled by the s\·rnrd what their forefathers were unable that may hqse for their purpose the defeat of this bill. [Ap­ to settle by compromise-the question of human slavery and plause.] peaceful sevara tion. Ur. DIXON of Indiana. Ur. Chairman, I am very glad of the It was settled right, and all sections to-day, both North :rnd privilege which this opportunity affords me of again casting a South, East and West, ratify that solution. [Applause.] And vote in fayor of increasing the pensions of the soldiers of the the principles of Grant, when he accepted the sword of Lee, Civil War. For six years I served as a member of the Com­ ha.Ye spread all O\er this country, and the time of sectionalism mittee on Invalid Pensions of this House and was glad to be a has passed. member of the committee that reported the bill that increased To-day we have the opportunity of giving to these old vet­ the pensions of widows from $8 a month to $12 a month. I was erans who preserved the Union a few more dollars, not in pay­ glad of the privilege to vote for the Mccumber bill, which in­ ment of their sen-ices by mere money consideration. ~loney creased the pension of a very large number of worthy soldiers of can not pay that. But it is done as a matter of gratitude and the Ch·il War, and at the last session of the Congress I rejoice

Mr. LA.!~GLEY. Perhaps it was another gentleman from The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from Missouri make Indiana who iilterrupted me with the question which I had in the point of order? • mind. I beg the gentleman's pardon if I am wrong. The pur­ .Mr. RUSSELL. I make the point of order, Mr. Chairman, pose of the question which was asked me by some gentleman because it has been invoked against our side of the House, and from Indiana was, as I understood it, to make it appear that I think the Chair has decided that we could not discuss the this administration was really responsible for the defeat of proceedings of the Senate. I think the objection was made by that measure, and that the President of the United States had the minority leader in this House. his personal representatives in the Senate pre-rent its passage Mr. BAR~"HART. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? by that body. I deny that that is true. It is true, just as it The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from Kentucky yield was true in this House, that some gentlemen-a few--on the to the gentleman from Indiana? Republican side did not think that the Sulloway bill ought to Mr. LANGLEY. I will state to the Chair that I have prac- be enacted into law at that time. There were some Republi­ . tically finished my reference to the Senate proceedings. But cans in the Senate who opposed it, I admit, but I call the at­ I desire to refer, before I complete my remarks, to the RECORD tention of the committee to the fact that on several occasions of previous Congresses, running back many years-that is, to attempts were made, and always by Republicans, to bring that mere matters of legislative history-but if I can not refer to measure up in the Senate. On one occasion the Senator from the RECORDS of the last Congress, then-- West Virginia, l\Ir. Scott, called it up and asked unanimous Mr. CANNON. l\Ir. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? consent for its consideration, and the gentleman from North The CHAIRl\IAN. Does the gentleman from Kentucky yielcl Carolina [Mr. OVERMAN] objected to it. I refer you to the to the gentleman from Illinois? page of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, which I have before me Mr. LANGLEY. Certainly. now, where that occurred. It is on page 2883, containing the Mr. CANNON. My recollection is that there is nothing in proceedings of February 18, 1911. Surely, no gentleman will the rule that will pre1ent a l\Iember of the House or of the contend that the Senator from North Carolina is the personal Senate from speaking of what passed in the other body in a representative of the President. former Congress. The rule, as I understand it, is that it is Thereupon, the Senator from West Virginia moved to take improper for either body to discuss the proceedings of the up the bill, notwithstanding the objection, and an analysis of other body on matters then pending. I take it that the same the roll call upon that motion will show that of the 49 votes rule would apply in this case, covering what took place in cast for the motion, 46 were cast by Republicun Senators, and the last Congress, as would apply to what took place ,in the of the 35 votes cast against it, all but 7 were cast by Demo­ First Congress, for example. Without examining the authori­ cratic Senators. ties, I am clearly of the impression that there is nothing in I am calling attention to these facts because it has· been al­ the rules to pre-vent a reference to the action of the Senate in leged here, and it has been alleged and received with some a former Congress. credence in my district, too, that the political party to which I belong is solely responsible for the defeat of that measure in Mr. LANGLEY. That was just what I was proceeding to say. the Senate. Mr. BARNHART. Mr. Chairman, does the gentleman yield? l\Ir. RUCKER of Colorado. Mr. Chairman, will the gentle­ Mr. LANGLEY. Certainly. man yield? l\:f:c. BARNHART. Mr. Chairman. since my denial of having The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from Kentucky yield said anything on this question, the further statement by the to the gentleman from Colorado? gentleman fwm Kentucky reminds me of what occurred and l\fr. LA.l,GLEY. Certainly, with pleasure. I want to recall the denial that I made, because it was I who Mr. RUCKER of Colorado. The gentleman from Kentucky undertook to ask the gentleman from Kentucky a question as does not take into account the number of absentees in the to whether or not the public news and the public records did Senate. But I am not quarreling with the gentleman's atti­ not show that certain things ·occurred in another body. But tude on that proposition. The gentleman has spoken of the before I finished my question the gentleman from Illinois rose, statement that the President of the United States was opposed and I thought both the leader of the minority and the dis­ to this legislation, and it has been stated on this side that he tinguished ex-Speaker were protesting that I illld no right to gaye strong intimation that he would veto the bill if passed. make such a reference, and out of my very high regard for their I want to call the gentleman's attention to the fact, in justice good judgment and for the precedents of the House I went no to the President of the United States, that at Los Angeles, in further. But I want to let my interrogatory, or a piece of it, his trip through the West, he was brought to account by a stand in the RECORD. po t of the Loyal Legion and was asked the question whether .l\Ir. CANNON. I clo not recollect of having participated in or not he knew anything concerning the action contemplated., the colloquy to which the gentleman refers. which did go through at the instance of Senator LoDGE, and the l\Ir. BARNHART. l\Iy recollection is that the gentleman got his President denied in toto that he knew of it. I want to say on his feet, and colleague from Illinois [l\Ir. MANN] ob­ to the gentleman that I hope never to see the day when I sball jected and protested against my reference to what took place not take the personal word of a President of the United States. in the other body in a former Congress. [Applause.] Ur. MAJ\'N. I did not object or protest. Mr. LANGLEY. I thank my friend for his timely and manly Mr. BAR1UIA.RT. I was afterwards informed by the leader statement on this side that the matter was not in order. On another occasion, on the 4th of March, the last day of the Mr. LANGLEY. I thought, Mr. Chairman, it was the hand­ last Congress, the Senator in charge of the bill again called it some gentleman who has just taken his seat who interrupted up for consideration. and again an objection was made to it. me the other day; but when the gentleman denied it, of course And by whom was that objection made? I call attention again I took his word for it. He evidently thought I was referring to the RECORD of the Senate proceedings, pages 4320 and 4321, to a speech on the bill which I was alleging he had made, when where Senator GORE is recorded as having objected to the con­ in fact I was referring only to the question he asked me. sideration of the measure and where on a motion to take it up, Mr. RUCKER of Colorado. I agree fully with the distin­ notwithstanding the objection, the political alignment on the guished gentleman from Illinois that under the rule it can not roll call is shown to have been practically the same as it was possibly apply to what has been done in a former session, on February 18. · whether it be upon this bill or the other bill Time and again Mr. RUSSELL. J\Ir. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? upon the floor of this Ho.use we get up and read what has taken The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from Kentucky yield place in the Senate, read the speeches that ha-re been made, to the gentleman from .Missouri? rulings that have been made, and so forth; but that is not the Mr. LANGLEY. My time is very limited, but I will never­ question. theless yield to the gentleman. Mr. RUSSELL. Will the gentleman yield for a question? l\Ir. RUSSELL. I was just going to make a point of order, Mr. RUCKER of Colorado. Certainly. not because I have any objection to the proceedings in the Mr. RUSSELL. Do yon think it ought to be ruled last week Senate being discussed, but because the point has been made that we can not discuss it and then be ruled now that we can? against our friends on our side when they have referred to Mr. RUCKER of Colorado. No; but two wrongs do not make proceedings in the Senate. Now, if we are not permitted to one right. Now, I want to say to the gentleman that if that is discuss that question, I do not think it ought to be done on that permitted the gentleman from Kentucky, in all fairness, inas­ side of the House. much as he says he is about to leave the subject, ought to read Mr. LANGLEY. Mr. Chairman, I am referring to the RECORD the RECORD. and show who it was that defeated the measure in of the proceedings of the Senate, not of the present Congress, the Senate-read what Senator PENROSE asked Senator LoDGE, but of the last Congre and not on this bill, but on an entirely D..nd read also what Senator Scott said in answer to Senator different bill and I do not think the gentleman is correct in his PENROSE when Senator PENROSE asked to take up another meas- statemcut ns to the application of the rule. ure after he was through with his. [Applause.] - 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE .. 211

Mr. LANGLEY. I will say to my friend from Colorado that in keeping with the history of previous pension legislation. I am not trying to suppress any facts at all. On the contrary, However, as a friend of the soldiers, I shall be glad to see it I am trying to bring them out, and I will if I am permitted to passed by any sort of a Congress, and that, too, regardless of do so. I will state again that I admit that there were a few the political party which may get the bulk of the credit for its Hepublicans in the other body who were opposed to the Sullo­ enactment. way bill. The RECORD clearly shows that. But I insist again I hope that I am not seriously violating the rules of the House that this RECORD shows that nearly all of the Republicans were when I say that in the Committee on Invalid Pensions, of which for the bill and that nearly all of the Democrats were against I am a member, I favored a different measure than the one it, and that a clear majority of that body was in favor of the which has been reported; but I was so anxious to see a more bill if, under the rules, it could have been put upon its final liberal pension law passed that I resolved, if I could not get passage, and that nearly all of the votes that would have been one just the way I wanted it, or just as liberal as I wanted it. cast for it were Republican votes. I will be glad to incorporate I would give my support to the best" that could be obtained. In in my remarks that portion of the RECORD to which the gentle­ the committee meeting I reserved the right to vote for certain man refers, if the Chair rules that it is in order to do so. amendments if they were offered, but in the end I intend to The CHAIRMAN. The rule under which the point of order vote for the Sherwood bill, amended or unamended [applause], is made is this: because I feel that justice to these old heroes has already been It is a breach of order in debate to notice what has been said on too long delayed, and I want to see them provided for as speed­ the same subject in the other House, or the particular votes or ma­ ily as possible and before many more of them have passed jorities on it there; because the opinion of each House should be left away. to its own independency, not to be influenced by the proceedings of the other ; and the quoting them might beget reflections leading to a mis­ I concede that there is merit in the argument that men who understanding between the two Houses. rendered the longer period of service are entitled, in one sense, to a higher degree of consideration at the hands of their country The point of order is sustained. [Applause.] than those who rendered a shorter period of service. That is Mr. LANGLEY. Mr. Chairman, I understood that rule did true as a general proposition, but it would ha·rn appealed to not apply to proceedings in a previous Congress, but to the me with greater force when these old soldiers were younger measure under consideration in the present Congress. However. men. I feel, however, that they are now so far advanced in if that is the ruling of the Chair, I shall abide by it and years and ha-re such a short period of their lives remaining that endeavor to proceed in accordance with the rule. it is too late for this Government to undertake to discriminate . Before leaving the political phase of the subject, let me say between the longer and the shorter periods of service; and that to my friend from West Virginia [l\fr. BROWN] and to other where it appears that a soldier served his country faithfully gentlemen on his side of the House who have sought to make and bas an honorable discharge he should be given now, in his it appear that the Republicans ha-ve been derelict in their duty old age, a rate of pension which will place him in comfortable to the soldiers, that I have bad occasion to study pretty fully circumstances for the remainder of his life and without in­ the legislative history of our pension system, especially while quiring as to the length of his service. By common consent a I was connected with the pension branch of the Government period of 00 days is fixed as the minimum of service entitling service, and that history utterly refutes the statements which a soldier to a pension where disability of service origin is not have been made on that side of the House. It shows, further­ established. I would like to see the period made shorter tlian more, that practically every one of the many pension acts which that. I know of my own personal knowledge many old soldiers go to make up our splendid code of pension laws was the who did not serve that length of time, but who would have product of Republican patriotism and Republican statesman­ done so if they bad had the opportunity, who gave all that they ship. I ha-re before me a compilation of the votes cast in both could to the service of the Union by risking their health and . Houses of Congress on the 15 leading pension acts, commencing their lives in its defense; and while-I say all honor to those with the great fundamental act of July 14, 1862, and ending men who spent many long months and years in the seHice, with the act of June 27, 1890, and it shows that 417 Demo­ undergoing all sorts of privations and hardships, I can not be­ cratic votes were cast for these bills and 648 Democratic votes lieve that they would oppose the allowance of a pension also to were cast against them; and it also shows that 1,068 Repub­ those other soldiers who entered the conflict toward its close. lican -rotes were cast for them and not a single Republican I can not help resenting some arguments that I have heard vote against them. which, in a sense, reflect upon the short-term men. We should Ah, gentlemen, the soldiers of the country know whether the remember, gentlemen, the circumstances under which they en­ Republican Party or the Democratic Party is their real friend. listed. They took the step at a time when all the horrors of They hm·e not forgotten the thousands of names that were that terrible conflict were well known. They knew the story of dropped from the pension rolls and the thousands of pensions the awful carnage of Bull Run, of Gettysburg, of Antietam, of that were reduced under the first Democratic administration Pittsburg Landing, of South .Mountain, and of the many other after the Civil ·war. It is true that most of you Democrats in bloody struggles of the earlier periods of the war. They knew the House voted for the Sulloway bill in the last Congress, and what perhaps some of those who enlisted. earlier did not know, I give you due credit for that, even if your party in another that it was a bloody, relentless conflict to the bitter end. Some body did vote almost in solid phalanx against it. And I am of them went to the front to fill the family's quota, depleted by glad to see you support here to-day the Invalid Pension Com­ the death of a father or a brother. All honor, I say, to the men mittee in its efforts to· get a more liberal pension law. I con­ who served long terms, but let us not disparage- the courage, nor gratulate you latter-day saints of Democracy for the new-born the patriotism, nor the valor, nor belittle the sacrifices made by zer.l which you are displaying in behalf of th~ soldier. But to the men who followed them to the front later in the war. your party as an organization, let me suggest that it ought to As I have already intimated, I expect to vote for certain go and make itself a new pension record before it seeks to amendments that I am assured are to be offered, and my asso­ enter the arena to contest for the championship as the special ciates on the committee so understand it. In the first place, I friend of the soldier. I call upon the old soldiers and their am opposed to that provision which would exclude from the friends_to examine and analyze the Yote if there is a roll call soldiers' homes those soldiers who accept a certain rate of pen­ upon the passage of this bill, and see to what party the bulk sion. Such a provision is, in my judgment, contrary to the pur­ of the negafrrn votes belong, and see also the sections and the pose of Congress in providing for these homes. They were environment from which the Republicans who vote against the intended as houses of refuge for the old fellows, who could be bill come; they will both be significant, I think. And let me better provided for there and whose lives could be made more venture a prophecy, that after this bill passes the House, as it congenial by the surroundings thus afforded them. No such pro­ is certain to do, the Democratic press will teem with criticism vision has ever been put into our pension laws heretofore, and of you Democratic Congressmen who are supporting this meas­ I am opposed to putting it in there now. A little money could ure, and will cry out against it as a "raid upon the Treasury" be saved by such a provision, it is true, but the sum is paltry in and as an "unwarranted expenditure of public money." When comparison to the distress and unhappiness that it would bring these things are brought to the attention of the old soldiers, I upon the old men, who need the increased pension provided by have an abiding faith that at least many of them who tempo­ this bill and yet who would have to make choice bet"\\een it and rarily ba·rn been misled by the argument that the great Repub­ the comforts of the soldiers' home. • _ lican Party has not done its duty by them will realize that it I am also opposed to section 3 of this bill, which proposes is and has always been their foremost champion and best to deny its benefits to all soldiers who ham a net income of friend. $1,000 or more. The arguments against this section have Ur. Chairman, I know that what the soldiers and their already been quite fully presented in this debate. I am opposed friends want is action rather than words. I shall therefore to it because the effect of it would be to put our pension roll occupy but little more of the time of the committee. As a upon a pauper basis, which Congress and the country never partisan, I would have preferred to see this measure enacted intended and does not intend to do now. I am opposed to it into law by a Republican Congress. It would have been more because it would tend to take from our pension roll the status 212 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. DEOEJ\IBER 11, which it now holds in the estimation of the country as a "'roll because it is so just and so righteous that I could not do other~ of honar.1'" True, we are appealing for more liberal pensions, wise. because the great majority of the old soldiers need it; but at I want to say also that I am in favor of extending the pro­ the same time we do not wish those who happen to have been visions of this act to the Mexican War yeterans, just as was fortunate or frugal enough to make themselves comfortable done in th~ age law of February 6, 1907. Only a handful of already to feel that they have thereby deprived themselves of those old heroes are still. with ns, and they ought by all means the gratitude of. the Nation. I am opposed to it for another to be given the maximum pensfon provided by this bill. Indeed, reason, and that is that it would put into operation a:n inquisi­ it ought to have been given them long ago, and I am glad to torial process of adjudication of pension claims, which we havo note that there seems to be a general feeling in the House that had too much of already, but which would far outstrip anything such an amendment will be overwhelmingly adopted. that has thug far been practiced by the Pension Bureau. More­ Before concluding I want to call attention also to the fact over, it would greatly delay the adjudication of claims, because that there-is another class of our soldiers who need more liberal the Pension Offi.~e would have to be- satisfied beyond question consideration at the hands of Congr"ess. I refer to the Spanish­ that the soldier did: not have such an income before he could American War veterans, who rendered such valiant service for receive the benefits of the act. This would not only require the our country in the War with Spain, and as a result of whose soldier to furnish ex parte testimony on the point, but it would service we have taken a front rank among the nations of the require the Pension Office to verify the testimony submitted in world. The law ought to be amended so as to pension those each case, and in many instances to withhold settlement of men who are now disabled and who are unable to furnish proof them until it would be too late for the soldier to get the benefit of origin of their disabilities in the service, because they are so of the increase. Indeed, Mr. Chairman, I undertake to say, far removed from their former comrades in arms; and there from my own experience of a good many years in the pension are other amendments to the law affecting their status which I work of the Government, that in order to properly execute this hope will recei\e the early consideration of the committee hav­ section it would cost double the amount of money that would ing jurisdiction of the subject. be saved by excluding such cases from the benefits of the act. There are still other inequalities in our pension system that I There is another change that I would like to see made in shall not stop to discuss now, but shall take occasion at a later existing law, and that is the repeal of the provision which date to go into. denies a soldier's widow a pension if she married the soldier l\fr. Chairman, as I said in the outset. the district which I after June '27, 1890. The majority of my associates on the represent has a conspicuous place in the hi.story of the Civil committee, however, thought that we ought not undertake to War, and particularly in the history of the Wal' in the border burden this bill, and possibly jeopardize its passage, by em­ States. It not only furnished many brave soldiers to both bodying that provision in it, and therefore I have reluctantly sides, but it has also furnished to the country a distinguished assented that it be brought up as a separate proposition. soldier poet, Col. John A.. Joyce, who for more than a third of I know of many cases in my own district where a loving and a century has wielded his pen in the cause of the veterans. devoted wife, who m!lrried the soldier after the date named, Some one has called attention in this debate to the fact that lived with him until the end, and indeed devoted her life and the rate of mortality among the old soldiers is rapidly increas­ all her energies to caring for him. It is a crying injustice- to ing; that during the past year nearly 50,000 of them crossed deny the widow a pension in such cases. I have introduced a the dark river. Of course, a.s the infirmities of age increase bill in each Congress since I have been here proposing to re­ the rate of mortality will rapidly increase also, so that in a peal that law, and I am ready to work and vote for its repeal; very few years they will all have left us. Col. Joyce has put and I hope, before the Sixty-second Congress ends, that this this pathetic thought into a beautiful poem, which I shall injustice will be eliminated from our pension law. insert in the RECORD : The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Kentucky has expired. · THE OLD SOLDIERS. Our ranks a.re growing thinner every year, Mr. LANGLEY. I hope the gentleman from illinois will yield Aud death is still a winner every year, me a few minutes more time. Yet we still must stick together Mr. FULLER. l\fr. Chairman, I yield the gentleman five min- Like the toughest sort of leather utes more. . And in any kind of weather every year ! l\Ir. LANGLEY. Some reference has been mnde in this de­ Our comrades have departed every year, An.d leave us broken hearted every year, bate to the proposition to pension members of State militia But their spirits fondly greet us organizations who rendered faithful and efficient service in the And constantly entreat us suppression of the rebellion, cooperating with Federal troops To come, that they may meet us every year ! and under the command of Federal officers, but who were never Our steps are growing slower every year, Pale de.ath is still a mower every year, aetually mustered into the service of the United States. Ken­ Yet we faced him in the battle tucky had many of these troops, some of whom are still living. Am.id the musket's rattle, Missouri had a number of them, and so did other States that I Defying showers of metal every year ! could name. Ever since I have been a Member of this House I We are growing old and lonely every year, ha·rn been contending that some legislation for the relief of We hate recollections only every yeru·, And we bled for this grand Nation these men ought to be enacted. I have introduced and urged On many n. field and station . the passage of a bill for this purpose in each Congress since I And with any kind of ration every year? came here. Personally I was extremely desirous of seeing such Many people may forget us every year, a provision incorporated in this bill, but my associates on the And our enemies may fret us every year, committee and other Members of this House, who are equally But while onw:ll'd we are drifting Our souls with hopes are lifting as zealous as I am in support of a measure fo:r the relief of '.ro heavenly scenes still shifting every year ! these militiamen, insist that it is unwise and not for the best Jn the :Maytime of the flo ers every year interests of the cause of the militiamen to undertake to engraft We shall live in golden hours every year, such n proposition on this bill, for the reason that if it should And our deeds be sung in story Down the ages growing hoary , be added to the bill it might defeat the whole measure and that With u blaze of living glory every year ! if it failed of passage it might injure rather than aid their oousa . Let me again appeal to you, my fellow legislators, to join in I have discussed this question not only with members of the expediting in every possible way this just and patriotic meas­ committee who are in sympathy with the militia measure, but ure, so that its beneficence may be bestowed upon as many of with other gentlemen also in sympathy with it, and particu­ the old fellows as possible before the end of life comes to them. larly with some of my friends from .Missouri and Pennsylvania I am proud of the privilege of speaking and voting for a more and West Virginia, who have constituents who rendered like liberal pension measure. I shall always count it the highest sernce, and so far as I now recall every one of them expressed honor that I was permitted to be a member of the committee the opinion that we should unite our efforts toward bringing that reported this bill and a Member of the House that passed the proposition up ait a separate measure to be be considered it. [Applause.I by the proper committee and, if reported by the committee, by Mr. FULLER.. .!Ur. Chairman, I now yield to the gentleman this House upon its own merits, and I · have reluctantly, but I from Virginia [Mr. SLEMP]. believe wisely, assented to that arrangement. It is, how­ Mr. SLEMP. Mr. Chairman, I have the honor to represent ever, with the distinct .understanding with the distinguished on the floor of this House the only Confederate district that chairman of the committee and other members of it that at a now sends a Republican to the Congres of the United States. very early date in this session the whole question is to be ~ven It is a district, Ur. Chairman, from which there was no or­ a full and complete hearing, and is to stand or fall upon its ganized body of troops that served in support of the Union cause. merits. For that reason I have not offered the amendment, Consequently there are a few, but not many, Union soldiers in although I shall vote for such an amendment if it is offered, my district, and their vote as compared with the total vote of 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-- HOUSE. 213

the district is insignificantly small It is, therefore, from no am fair enough -to overlook what I consider his patriotic mis­ moti"'i'e of personal advantage that I shall record myself in favor take. of this bill. [Applause.] The associations of my life have been But for those Members who object to the bill for so-called with those who sympathized with the Lost Cause. I was edu­ ~nomy sake I have no compromise. .Most of them come from cated at an institution from which Stonewall Jackson entered the great cities where colossal wealth domineers and where it the Confederacy, and my first college lessons were given in the shirks every responsibility to popular government it possibiy ection room where he e-0nducted his classes as a professo1· can. Somehow the capitalist has led himself to believe that before his sense of duty called him to take pa.rt in the great equal taxation is not essential to exact justice to all men, and conflict between the States. My father ser¥ed with his State he opposes all legislation that might lead to a condition wherein as a Confederate eolonel for four long years, and, like all true wealth would have to bear its just share of public expenses. southerners, when the war was over he accepted the result And these Representatives from the large cities who are fight­ with equanimity, laid down his arms, and thenee afterwards be­ ing this bill of relief for needy old soldiers are clearly doing came a loyal supporter of the Union. He sened for two full so on the cold-blooded proposition that they want to protect terms in this House, and during that period he was an ~ent their rich constituents from an income and inheritru:lle tax law supporter of pension legislation. Some of his cloEest friends prospects. They claim they are doing it in the name of econ­ in public life were those against wh-0m he was engaged in armed omy, but economy which enables the rich men to live immune conflict. It is a great pleasure to me by my vote to bear some from just taxation and compels the old soldiers, who made testimony to his feeling and wishes on this subject. their riches possible, to live in want and misery is treason to There will be no bitterness on the part of the Confederate justice and malfeasance in patriotism. Why, if the tax-dodging soldier on account of this legislation. Our only regret in the rich could be made to pay their just share of Government taxes S-Outh is that our States have not so far recovered from the e·rery soldier in the land. could have a satisfactory pension, effects of the war that we can act as generously toward the and e-very workingman could have his tariff and revenue taxes Confederate soldier as the Nation can and does toward the reduced so he could have a fair chance in the battle of life. Union soldier. I expect to vote for some amendments to the bill, [Applause.] Suppose larger pensions do increase public ex­ but in the end I shall suppo1·t it in its general features. My penses. Where does the money paid for pensions go? Not for hope is that a generous Government, after th"0 Union soldiers costly public structures; not for increasing salaries; not for are fully provided for, as this bill will do, will consider pension exorbitant expenses for the A.rmy and Navy; and not for pomp legislation in favor of those who wore the gray and who, though and parade of national vanity; but it goes into the hands of defeated in conflid, yet served their State in the discharge of needy old veterans throughout the country, who at once put it duty as they saw it and who to-day are loyal American citi­ into the marts of trade, and general prosperity and happiness zens. [Applause.] are the gainers. l\Ir. FULLER. 1\lr. Chairman, I yield to my friend from Bat the " big-business " representative says, " We can not Indiana [Mr. BARNHART] 20 minutes. afford it." Yet when I said to one of you New Yorkers that Mr. BA.RNHAR'.r. Mr. Chairman, it is always an unspeakable "you act and vote in favor of big appropriations here like you pleasure to agree with my associates. It is also an irksome task would be willing to vote public money to build a railroad to to be compelled to disagree with them. I have listened to this the moon, laid on solid silver ties, and tracked with solid gold debate, as I have listened to previous debates on this question, rails,'' you replied, " Sure we would if it would make us a and have)lbout made up my mind that if you will indulge me a dollar." 0 money, what abuses and crimes are committed in personal reference I will give you an illustration that will some­ thy name! And what a matchless exemplar of the sentiment what "0nlighten you as to what prompts the objections to this of big-city greed was that Shakespeare character who said, pension legislation. Some years ago a very popular Methodist "Put money .in thy purse; put money in thy purse." [Applause.] minister was returned to his pastorate in my home city for the We appropriate millions and millions to build monuments to se-renth consecutive year and was gi-v-en a great public reception. military officials who received profitable salaries and high I was askro by the committee to speak on behalf of the citizen honors for directing movements, but when we propose an act public. I accepted, was much impressed with the sacred sur­ to reimburse the men who actually did the :fighting, and did it roundings in the pulpit that evenin'g, and I made a somewhat for 11 and $13 per month and ·at dire exposure to permanent sentimental talk. When I had finished, a good -old Ch1istian disability and death, yon cry economy. mother came rushing up to me and gmsping my hand said to .Another obstade in the way of adequate pensions for old me, "God bless you, neighbor BARNHART, you would make a soldiers is politics-partisan politics. We work here day after good preacher if you were a Christian, knew more of the Bible, day, week after week, month after month, and year after year 1 jockeying for political advantage, and needs of a righteous and hadn't beeYl a Democratic editor so long. ' [Laughter.] There were only these three things against my being an ideal public service wait. Most of the debate on this bill bas been man, in her estimation. made to attract fa yor with home people, rather than to change votes on this floor, and while we a.re doing it thousands of I lmve listened carefully to this debate, and find that the needy old soldiers, whose days are numbered and whose larders opponents to this bill hav~ three objections to it. One is, they of necessaries of life are depleted, a.re waiting and wondering do n-0t want to see it pass; the second, they do not want to why if we are going to act we do not do it before it is ever­ see it pass; and the third, they do not want to see it pass. lastingly too late for them. [Laughter.] And more than this, there are big men in the political game I said it would be an llllpleasant duty to disagree with some outside this Cbamber who are scheming with pension plans to of my colleagues on tills bill, but the assaults on the bill are benefit this party or that. Look at the letter which Gen. SHER­ so unjust that it seems to me that somebody ought to "tell the WOOD read from the National Tribune editor, who is fighting truth and fear no man,'' and I am going to try to do it in a this bill and favoring another because it is a Republican genteel but candid manner. measure. He poses as a great friend to the old soldier, but Where do the objeetions to increased pensions for deserving his letter of recent date, read on this floor, asked that he be Union soldiers come from? We all know. First, they come gi-ren first honors in the Grand Army of the Republic, that he from n section of the country which lost in the great· struggle might help to close the schisms between the soldiers and the to preserve the Union, and any fair-minded man will concede present Republican administration. that those from this section who do object llave-or think they That kind of partisan politics is a disgrace to the Grand have-self-justification for doing so. Second, they come from Army of the Republic organization, and it makes enemies for politicians who think it profitable to play partisan politics soldiers' interests and doubters in the righteousness of their with the old soldiers' cause. Third, they come from Represen­ cause. tatives of millionaire constituents who fear that an increase And, then, there is the legislator who wants personal glory in of soldiers' pensions might necessitate income and inheritance pension legislation or he will complain and find fault with any tax la. ws ; and fourth, they come from selfish friends of the bill that does not make him hero of the occasion, I, too, wish soldiers' cause who are peeved because they ha-re not had their it mi"ht be possible that I could have the honor t!lat my dis­ way to secure personal glory. [Applause.] tinguished old friend, the gentleman from Ohio, Gen. Sm:~wooD, For the Representative from the South, which thought it was will have of having this bill in his name. But that is not pos'J right in tOO rebellion, who objects to commensurate pensions sible for me. I could not ha ye the Sulloway bill in my name for the men who saved the Union I have no feeling of resent­ either, but I voted for it; and I shalt vote for the Sherwood bill, ment or censure. He doubtless represents the sentiments of too, for I plainly see that we can never agree on the specific the people who have intrusted to him authority for legislative details that we would haYe in a pension bill. action. I believe he ought to favor the bill as a matter of There are two or three features of this bill that I do not like. acknowledgment that we are all proud that the Union of States There were three or four in the Sulloway bill that I thought I was continued into the most powerful, influential, and happi­ might make better. But in the great diversity of opinion of ness-giving in the world, but if he can not see it that way I 400 earnest and, in the main, conscientious men, we can not each 214 CONGRESSIONAL J_lEOORD-HOUSE. DECEMBER -11,

get in a bill what we would put there, had it been delegated to The Sherwood bill allows $30 per month to all veteran soldiers us to write it. of the Civil War who served 1 year or more; $25 per month to Personally I am opposed to the provision in the bill which all who served 9 months and less than 12; $20 per month to all bars Yeteran soldiers who have a· net income of $1,000 or more who served 6 months and less than 9; $15 per month to all who per annum from recognition under the proposed law. If this served 3 months and less than 6. were a dependent bill that provision, and e.ven a more exacting The Sherwood service bill gives maximum total allowance now, one, would be permissible. But it is not a dependent bill. It is which will grow less, while the Sulloway age bill would give a seryice pension bill, and every veteran, be he poor or rich, is minimum total allowance now, which would grow larger with entitled to the same badge of honor that a grateful people, age increases. through their Government, give to his comrades with similar By unanimous consent, Mr. LANGLEY was granted len.ve to service records. It is unfair for the Government to say to one extend his remarks in the RECORD. soldier 'who has been industrious and frugal and laid up a Mr. J . .M. C. SMITH. Mr. Chairman, I am in favor of liberal competency for old age, " You can not share in the general pension legislation and am in. full accord with any legislation gratitude e pay the saviors of the Union because you have by this body which wi11 provide a just and ample pension for been successful in life," and then say to those who have care­ our yeteran soldiers. In taking this position I express my own lessly or through misfortune neglected opportunities to do well, desire and the SC'atiment of my district. I am also glad to note "You shall have our special gratitude as soldiers." that this is. free from being a partisan question, as it ought not Another objection is the provision concerning the benefits or to be involved in party politics, because men of all parties were limitation of benefits to veterans in soldiers' homes. Instead prominent in arms in that great civil strife; and, again, if of the provision in this bill I would have it that those w.1;1.0 live need be, we must look to the stalwart citizenship of our land, in soldiers' homes should have deducted from their pension irrespective of party, to defend the Nation wheneyer the horizon nllowance the actual cost of their keeping. This would be fair is clouded by the horrors of war. to the veteran who defrays his own living expenses outside the In granting liberal pensions we are but carrying out the home and to the taxpayers who must furnish the money to pledges of both parties. defray pension and soldiers' home expenses. It may be right At the convention of the Republican Party held in 1008 it that a soldier living in a soldiers' home shall have his keeping declared in its platform: . at a cost of $20 per month and the same pension allowance as Another Republican policy which must be ever maintained is that of veterans who pay their own living expenses; but it does not generous appreciation for those who have fought the country's battles and for the widows and orphans of those who have fallen. We com­ look fair and just to me. mend the increase in the widows' pension made by the present Congress I still believe that a bill like the one I had before the com­ and declare for a liberal administration of all pension laws, to the end mittee providing straight dollar-a-day pensions with limitation that the people's gratitude may grow deeper as the memories of the of unnecessary expenses and partiality of allowances would be heroic sacrifices grow more sacred with the passing years. more generally satisfactory to both soldier and taxpayer, but The Democratic national convention of 1003 declared iP. its the members of the committee that carefully considered all platform: the bills introduced decided otherwise, and so I concur in their We favor generous pension policy, both as a matter of justice to the judgment, because it is the only safe way to get any pension surviving veterans ll.nd their dependents and because it tends to relieve legislation through. the country of the necessity of maintaining a large standing army. Let us put ... all whimsicalities, ·selfish motives, and dilatory So ·we find both parties committed to the policy of liberal pen­ tactics behind us and pass a liberal pension bill, as a great sions. Every Democratic Member and every Republican was majority of us, regardless of politics, have at least implied that elected on a platform declaring for liberal pensions for our we will do. This bill may not be ideal. It may not be and, in veteran soldiers. fact, is not what many of us would like to see passed. But the Since that .time there have been several sessions of Congress Sulloway bill, which some claim to be better and for which I without any liberal pension legislation being eitacted. The -roted, was killed before it got a hearing in the Senate, and if necessity for such legislation was found in the expression of the this bill is more likely to become a law we ought to pass it. It people of this Republic, and both great parties incorporated it does not afford . dollar-a-day pensions for all, but it does give as one of the fundamenta-1 principles upon which they went dollar-a-day pensions to nearly 400,000 of the 530,000 soldiers before the people and conducted their campaigns. If there now on the pension rolls, and it gives $25 per month to all the had been no necessity for such legislation, if there had been no balance who served nine months and less than one year, $20 demand for this particular enactment, it would not have been per month to all who served six months and less than nine, in the platforms of the respective parties, and it is due to our and $15 per month for all who served three months and less constituents, it is due to the people of this Republic, and to the than six. It is a yast improvement over our present laws, and soldiers themselves, that at this time this action shall be taken as such we ought to pass it just as other better-than-before and our obligation to the war veterans liquidated. pension laws have been · passed. The objection that it curries too large an appropriation is not Permit me to repeat with emi;>hasis what I have said before. tenable. Where in the llistory of any country is there ::u1 in­ When our Nation has been in peril we have called for volun­ stance that after a successful war, without levying tribute, the teers to shoulder arms and fight, and we have never called in men who bore arms melted away into the g~·eat citizenship of Yain. Men yolunteered to risk their lives at any old wages the their nation, men contending on each side, the North and the GoYernment offered to pay, and they saved the country, to be-_ South, shouldering the burdens and the expenses of that greut come one of the most delightful and wealthy beneath the sun. war, going to ~eir homes to make this the most magnificent These men are now palsied by the touch of old age. Many of country upon the face of the earth. .And the soldiers pay their them are in want as the result of the sacrifices of time and part of their own pensions, if you please. In my estimation health they gave for their country's cause. They were not paid this is not a charitable act; it is simply the payment of an obli­ reasonable compensation for their services. They offered them­ gation which we owe to these men who, in the days of their sel>es as sacrifices that we might enjoy the blessings of great­ youth, by their valor, succeeded in giving to this country such ness and wealth which are so bounteously ours to-day. They profound service as was the aclmiration of the whole world. It - will be with us but a few more years at most. Can we do too will be out a short time that we will haYe the privilege of show­ much to show them a Nation's appreciation of their help when ing our gratitude to those men. They are dying at the rate of we needed it? Not if we ·are grateful and solicitous for like 40,000 a year, and the whole 500,000 of them will soon ham services from our citizenship if a future emergency should arise passed away. whereby our Nation's fate might depend on the promptness, the From the report of the Committee on Invalid Pensions I take bravery, and the patriotic enthusiasm of a volunteer soldiery. the following : [Applause.] The number of soldiers of the Civil '1"ar on the pension roll on the READY REFEREKCE DATA. 1st of July, 1911, was 529,884. The aggregate amount of pension paid Total annual pensions now paid to veterans of Civil War_ $111, 736, 728 to Civil War soldiers during the year was $101,425,534. 'flle average (An average of $192 per year, or $16 per month.) rate fo1· such pensioner was therefore $Hll.41 under all the general and ToDietad l iustCivil year War ______veterans now on pension rolls ______529,884 private pensions. · 35,. 242 The number of deaths during the year ending July 1, 1Dll. was .Added to the rolls last year ______2,521 35,243, or an average of almost 3,000 a month. The number of sol­ Average age of pensioned veterans ____ ------70 diers who will be available for pensions on the 1st day of Janua1·y, Number of veterans on pension rolls who served- 1912, is estimated to be about 509,000. Of this number over 63,000 are 1 year or more ______: ______376,218 now drawing pensions of $25 per month and $30 pe1· month nndf over. !) months and less than a year______60, 564 Hence in estimating the increased cost for pensions (should House bill 6 months and less than !)______47, 002 1 be enacted) we must deduct 63,000 from the entire number of pen­ 3 months and less than 6------44, 510 sioners, leaving the number of soldiers available for the increm;e on Less than 3 months______1,590 January 1, 1912, 446,000. To the 376,218 who will receive $30 per month under the Sher­ House bill 1 (the Sherwood bill) provides four classes-$15 per month, $20 per month, $25 per month, and $30 per month-ruted on wood bill will be added tbe number of all who are disabled as ' the length of service. The average rate is therefore $22.50 per month, result of injuries or diseases contracted in the service. or $270 per year. The average rate per man during the yea1· ending 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE... 215

July 1, l.911, was (-0tlicial) 191.41. The increase under House bill 1 can not reconcile myself to secti-011 3 of this bill. For instance, would therefore be $78.59. Apply this increase to 446.-000 soldiers und the amount is, in round numbers, a little ovei· $34,900,000. · take an old soldier who served one year. We will ay be has au income of $950 net. I do not know that I understand just According to the information furnished to the eommittee by what the word "net" means in this case, but, I take it, over the Commissioner of Pensions, the estimated cost of ·carrying and above the running expenses of his business. He will draw out the provisions of the proposed Sulloway bill is as follows: under this bill $30 a month. I take another old sotdier who was sid€ by side with him in that service, wh-0 shared with him Increase Annual the hardships of the service, and he has an income of · 1,000 .Age. per Number. in- Amount • a year. As provided by this bill, he is precluded from drawirtg month. crease. one dollar pension. I ean not reconcile myself to that sort of a provision. I want to say to you, gentlemen, it may take more 62 years------$12 to 15 93,589 -$36.. 00 $3 ,.369. 204. 00 money to eliminate this section, it may require greater expendi­ 65 years------12 to 20 184,577 96.00 17, 719,392.00 ture upon the part of the Government -of the United States to 70 years------15 to 25 101,778 120.00 12,213,350.00 75-years..______20 to 36 , €3,461 192.00 12,187,512.00 eliminate this section, but in justjce to the defenders of the country it ought to be -eliminated by this House. This is only a Total------~------··------45,~9,,6&.00 part of a. comparison that might be made. Take, for instance, two men who served four ~·€at'S and underwent the harllships Thi bill, if enacted into law, will grant to a'Il per ons who servetl incident to the life that they ~ndured. One of them has an in·· 90 days or o•er in tbe Civil War, or 60 days or over in the Mexican War and who have reached the age of !l2 years, a pension of · rn come, we will say, of $900 to $950 a year. The man who fought '.Per 'month ; this is · 3 per month more ttu:m is now allowed under by hls side bas an income of $1,-000. Unf 30 a month nnd new rating. Under the existing age ad there is no rating between the ages o'f 62 and 70 years, and your commjttee thinks this is unjust the other is precluded from any pension whatever. to the so1di1~r, and that in his declining year , with 1J. majority of Can y--0u reooncile yourselves, gentle~ t<> that sort of a th~ v~te1·a.mi partially or wholly unfit to perform manual labor, there pro'l·ision in this bill? It undoubtedly ought to be eliminated. should he an increase allowed at the a:ge of 65 yeurs, hence thf) recom­ But let us go a little fm.·ther with that comparison. Take the mendation of a new rate of $20 per month; :rn years, .$25 per month; this is an increase of $10 per month over the -existing rates; 75 years m.an who served one year, and he has a net income, we will say, of age, '$36 per month ·; being an increase of $1'<) l)er month over the of -$900 a year. Another man has served four years, and he amount now rulowed under the maximum rate of the age act. has a net income of $100 more per :annum, or $1,000 a year. rt occurs to me that with the assistane€ th~ soldiers are ren­ The soldier who served one year is entitled to $30 a month dering~ with the easy method of payment, where each man con­ u:."J.der this bill and the soldier who sened four years of the tributes through an mdirect method in such a way that the best d.ays of his life is precluded from the possibility of a amount is hardly appreciable, we should not hesitate to d-0 tllis pen ion under this provision. It seems to me that some one " for these men.. 'Ill.is great G-0vernment of ours does not maintain wa.s ill advised when that section was placed in the bill. You a standing army. Our young men are not compelled to do mili­ can not pass that and do th-e square thing for the fellows tary duty as at·e those of fm.'Cign nations. We cn.n well afford to wbo sa'oo this Republic and ga"Ve us all thftt we ·ha\e to-day. be liberal in our pension Jaws. The amount is large becam;e our I would go a little further. If necessary, I would cut out a Army was large; it. required a gr-eat army in 01·der to win that few lmttl€Ships, much s I believe in a strong navy. I would renowned victory which shed luster upon the soldiery of thi~ go a little further, and if neeessary I would reduce the rivers great Uepublk. And in "roting for this bill we me simply doing and hilrbors app1·-0priation bill in order that these men who our duty. There is no occasion for drawing any fine Hne be· followed that fiag to victory and gaTe us the greatest country tween the Sulloway bill and the Sherwood bill. Each hat'. that God's sun ever. shone upon could have what they ought to merits. have in the last days of their Uv.es. I would eliminate appro­ We boast of the greatness of our country4127,()()().,000,000 priations in otheT departments -0f the Government, and I would in weaUh, so fabulous as to be beyond human conception, and eliminate section 3 of this bill and give them that which every expressed only by a row Qf figures. Eight billion dollars fo1· man in this H-0use feels from the bottom of his heart they our farm cr-0p of ~ single year ! We are so large that the area justly deserve.. [Applause.] of Belgium, Holland, and Greece does not equal that of Michigan. Another thought. At what is it to be decided whether the The greatest engineering feat known to science, the Panama applicant is entitled to a pemiion? That is, we will suppose be Canal, is apparently an ea.sy task for American enterprise and has an income of a thousand dollars a year now and :an ine-0me American talent Oar rnst area. ·of ferti1e plains awaits · ut the <>f less than a thousand dollars within a short time, or, on the ruagie touch of he husbandman to pour untold weaJth into other hand, suppose his income now is less than a thousand the lap of the Nation. We are rich in mineral and :ill natural dollars and within a short time after he draws his pension, by resour~s, and now in the pride and strength of OUI' national reason of some good fortune, he draws ·an income greater than infancy let us do our duty by ou11· veteran soldiers who did a thousand doUars a year. Is it proposed under the proY.isions their share in building up our splendid citizenship, playing their of this net to depri"rn him of his pension under such circum­ pa.rt in the maintenance of this great Republic, and d-0in.g their stances? Tile gentleman who proposed this eetion -of the bill part even now in paying the Nation's debt and obligation. · must have been deluded into believing that the -country ·was in We are a Nation of nearly 100,000,000 people. We doubled :grave danger of being infiided with another Democratic -ad.min~ our population in the short ~pace of three decades. .Soon we istration, and naturally and properly concluded that under such will be 200~000,-000 people. dremnstane mu t keep the fi re of patriotism forever burning upon Section 2 t1rovides that any person who served in the Civil the altar -of liberty and freedom. War, received an honorable discharge, was wounded in battle [1\fr. ANDERSON of Ohio addressed the committee. See o.r in line -0f duty and is now unfit for manual labor, whether Appendix.] .bis preseut unfitnesR is due to the gunshot wound or some l\lr. McGUIRE of Oklahoma. Mr. Chairman and gentlemen entirely different cause, shall receiv~ $30 per month, the of the -committee, there is -only one 1'.eature of tllls bill . to maximum under this bill, regardless of his length of service. which I desire to address myself for a few minutes. I have T.ha.t is a just puovision, and I am in favor of it. always been in favor <>f pension legislation. [Applause.] I But the same section provides tbat one who serv~d <1uring the believe in the tribute just paid to the -defenders of our -country Civil War and received an honorable discharge, aud who was by the gentleman from Ohi-o [llr. L~DERSON] who preceded discharged because of disease or other disabilities, other than me. I indorse e1ery word of that sentiment. Believing as gunshot wounds, shall l·eceive 30 per mouth only in case the I do in the men who av-ed this Republic and gave us all disabilities received in the service now tota11y unfit them fo1· we have to-day, since I have been in the American Congress the performance of mannal labor. This provision is pure bun­ I have ne·rer failed to T'Otc for any measure and every meas­ combe. Under the general law that has been in operation for ure that would gfre those defenders more money, those de­ years if the soldier has n. disability incurred in service that fenders who are in need at this time, gentlemen, and badly unfits him !for manual labor he receives $30 per month, and this in need. We ought to do what we can to secure them all the -bill grants him no relief whn.te~·eT. If he has a. disability tba.t comforts possible in their declining years. If I had my way, nea.rly unfits-one that he incurred. in serTice-that cnused his however, I should a.mend this bill materially. .A.s it now pro­ discharge from the service in less than BO days-one from which vides it is my honest and candid judgment that tens :and hun­ he bas suffered through all the years since the close of the wu.r-­ dreds of thousands of dollars whlch should go to the old soldiers he does not, under this bill, receiYe a cent of pension. On the will go to clerks and to expenses of the Pension Department. I other hand, if he servro but 60 days-and during that time r-c- 216 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. DECEl\IBER 11, cei"red a flesh wound from W"hich he suffered but a few days­ to offer or vote for amendments which will cover these cases, the bill gives him $30 per month. which, I regret to say, have been omitted in this bill. I will rend section 2. Note the discrimination against those We should not stand upon the question of expense, and no who incurred disease or other disabilities while Eerving their l\Iember of this Bouse should permit his apprehension of a country: Treasury deficit to influence his yote. This bill, when amended . SEC. 2. That any person who served in the Civil War and received as it should be, should receirn the sanction of ernry patriotic an honorable discharge, and who was wounded in battle or in line or ..A,merican citizen. It matters little to me who gets the credit. duty and is now unfit for manual labor, through causes not due to his own vicious habits, or who from disease or other causes incurred in We owe a debt to the defenders of this Nation, not so much for line of duty resulting in his disability now to perform manual labor, their service as for their patriotism, and the time is now come shall be paid the maximum pension under this act, to wit, $30 per when we should do our full dlrty. I have no fear but that the month, without regard to length of service. American people will stand by the Congress and the President The part of the section relative to diseases and similar dis­ when we shall ha1e liberally rewarded these great American abilities is valueless, for it does not enlarge the beLefits of the patriots. present general law. I have a letter from A. 1\1. Current, an No soldier of the Ci'ril War has ever thrown a bomb or made old soldier at Guthrie, Okla., received to-day, in which he says: an incendiary speech. His energies have for more than 50 l think you ought to oppose the Sherwood bill and work for the years been directed to the building of a Republic rather than Sulloway bill. There are soldiers who served a few months and were to the destroying of one. He is seldom gull ty o1 an infraction discharged for disability incurred in the service and were never a!Jl ·~ to get back in the service, who were just as patriotic and suffered just of the law, but always sustains it He has never assailed · the as much for their country as the soldier who served more than a year. Constitution or the Republic, but has given his best days and For they did all their health, impaired in the service, would permit. his best blood in support of them. He gave heroic service to His objection is good and the bill should be remedi~d in this his country and a lasting example of patriotism to the world. respect. Let me make a comparison. One man se!·ved 60 days He made the Declaration of Independence mean what it says­ and during that time received a flesh wound from which he that all men are created equal before the law. He dispelled suffered only a few days. In recent years he became rheumatic the lowering cloud of slavery which had so long threatened and can not now perform manual labor. He gets $30 under this this country with destruction. He lifted our standard of civili- bill. Another man enlisted for three years, but in 80 <.lays was zation and perpetuated this Republic. · discharged because he had contracted in the service stomach I do not know how others view his services, but as for myself trouble of so seYere a nature as to render him unfit for senice. I prefer to minimize the expenditures in every department of Be continued to suffer from this disability for ye!lrs after his the Government in order to express my appreciation by a liberal discharge, but is now cured or relieved of this disability. Even pension for every man who took part in that great conflict, and though he should now be blind, deaf, cor;sumptive, and paralyzed, to learn it to an unprejudiced constituency as to whether I and be entirely without means of support, under this bill he have done my full duty. would receive nothing, for his present disabilities were not the The CHAIRMAN (l\Ir. Cox.of Ohio) . The time of the gentle­ ones incurred in line of duty. He was just as patrioti~. suffered man has expired. just as much, and is as needy as hundreds of other ~oldiers, but Mr. POWERS. :Mr. Chajrman and gentlemen, I have no pre­ gets nothing. Is not this discrimination unjust? pared or set speech, and I shall therefore ask your kind in­ Why not give the man now disabled, who was honorably dis­ dulgence to permit me to express to you whatever thoughts the charged after a short senice because of disease contracted in inspiration of the moment may give me for utterance and in the service, the highest pension under this act, as you do the whatever language, good or bad, that may come to my lips for soldier who received a gunshot wound? expression. The bill in its general provisions is too extravagant. It I have the honor to represent .a district which has within means too many clerks, too many investigations, and too many its confines 310,000 population. Possibly no Member on the complications. A general pension act should provide safeguards floor of this House represents more of the \eterans of the against fraud, but this is not a general pension act. It specifies Civil War than I do. I feel I would be derelict in my duty to and includes only those who served the Government of the them and those interested in their welfare if I did not offer a United States during the Civil War, and every man who comes few obserYations on the provisions of this bill, which reads as within the range of the provisions of this bill is to-day a man follows: of advanced years, and the cases of attempted fraud would pe A bill (H. R. 1) granting a service pension to certain defined veterans the rare exception and not the rule. · of the Civil War. This bill should be written in the plainest English and in the Be it enacted, etc., That any person who served in the military or naval service of the United States during the late Civil War, and who simplest form with the ·dew of reducing the number of clerks has been honorably discharged therefrom, shall, upon making proof­ in the Department of Pensions, and of eliminating examining of such facts according to such rules and regulations as the Secretary physicians, and of reducing the number of field inspectors to a of the Interior may provide, be placed on the pension roll and be en­ titled to receive a pension as follows : minimum. I would take the money given under the provisions For a service of 90 days or more and less than 6 months, $15 per or this bill to unlimited numbers of these clerks, physicians, and month ; for a service of 6 months or more and less than 9 months, $20 field inspectors and pay it direct to the old soldiers. per month; for a service of 9 months or more and less than 1 year, :))25 per month ; for a service of 1 year or more, $30 per month : P1·0- .Another feature of pension legislation bas been overlooked by vided, That no one who shall be in receipt of a pension of $25 or more the gentleman in charge of this measure. There is not one word per month under this act shall be entitled to admission or residence about the widows of the s ldiers of the Civil War. Under the in the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers; and no State or Territorial home for disabled soldiers and sailors shall receive any present law widows can draw but $12 a month. As a general aid from the General Government on account of any person who shall rule, they are less able to earn a sum sufficient to maintain them be in receipt of a pension of $25 per month or more under this act. than t1ie soldiers themselves. They have been just as patriotic, SEC. 2. 'That any person who served in the Civil War and received an honorable discharge and who was wounded in battle or in line of duty just as dernted to their country, and in tens of thousands of and is now unfit for manual labor, through causes not due to bis own cases the hardships experienced by them far exceeded those of vicious habits, or who from disease or other causes incurred in line of their husl.Jantls. And I regard it as absolutely inexcusable that duty resulting in his disability. now to perform manual labor, shall be not it pa.id the maximum pension under this act, to wit, $30 per month, with­ tliey haYe been better proYided for. And is a matter of out regard to his length of service. profound regret to me that this bill does not contain a pro·dsion SEC. 3. That no one shall be entitled to pension under this act who increasing their pensions. is in receipt of an annual net income of $1,000 or more, exclusive of any pension he may receive. I also call your attention to a provision of the present law. SEC. 4. That no person shall receive a pension under any other law at The widow of a veteran of the Civil War is precluded from draw­ the same time or for the same period he is receiving a pension under in~ a pension if she married the soldier subsequent to 1890. the provisions of this act. SEC. 5. That rank in the service ·shall not be considered in applica­ l!'or 20 years and more she has been his faithful wife, she has tions filed hereunder. helped him to rear a family, has devoted her life to him and SEC. 6. That pensions under this act shall commence from the date of nursed him in his declining years, is left at his death with a de­ filing the application in the Bureau of Pensions after the approval of pendent family, and there is no provision for her pension. This this act. bill should remedy that unfortunate· condition, but it does not. In the outset, Mr. Chairman, I desire to say that I expect to I have in mind a number of cases where veterans of the give this bill my hearty support. It is true that it does not Civil War ser-red lightly less than 90 days. By their very act contain all the. provisions that I would like to see incorporated of enlistment they demonstrated .their patriotism. In hundreds into it. I would like to see the widows of the ;veterans of the or cases their service, though short, was of immeasurable value late W"ar cared for by a pro-rision in this bill . "I would like to to their country. They should not be omitted from the pro­ see the Mexican War veterans, the Spanish War soldiers, the Yisions of this bill, and in every case where the State l\lilitia home guard, the State militia, the telegraphe1:s, the teamsters, was used by the Government for a. period of 60 days or more and, in fact, everyone who contributed their share toward the they should have a pensionable status. preservation of this great Union, in days of its peril, included I should prefer to see this !.>ill amended so as to reach all in this bill and amply cared for by its provisions. But we hnYe cases which I have enumerated, and I expect at the proper time assurances from the committee haying charge of this bill that 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. 217 if it is loaded down with these amendments it can not pass the I offered the fo1lowing bill at tJ:e special session of Congress:

~ennte, and therefore can not become n law. So _far as I ~ru Grantinrr0 pensions to ::i.11 enlisted men, soldiers and officers, who served iud ir iU na lly coucerned, theu, I am opposed to the mcorporn t10n in the Civil War ::ind the War with Mexico. Be it enacted, etc. That a.ny person who served 90 days or more in into this bill of any amendment which, in my judgment, will the military or nava( service of the United States during the late Civil y materially. able action ought to be taken on this bill here, and at once. What cloes this provision mean? It means delay. It means If the widows' bill is a meritorious measure, and, in my judg­ expense, if left in the bill. It means endless trouble in read­ ment. it is, ·in all probability it is tlle part of wisdom to in­ justing the pension legislation of this country. According to corporate it into another measure, introduce it in this body, the report of this committee, there are now about half a million pass it, and send it to the Senate for its consideration. Do soldiers who are on the pension roll. About 63,000 of these the same thing for the Mexican War veterans, the Spanlsh­ now draw a pension abO're the amount specified here in section American War soldiers, the Home Guard, the State Militia, 3, and therefore will not be affected by it. nut there nre the telegraphers, the teamsters, and others. Put each class in a 446,000 soldiers in our country that will be affected by this i;:eparate bill. Pass them through this llouse and let each of provision. In other words, before any of these 446,000 soldiers Ulem, in the United States Senate, stand or fall on its merits now on the pension roll can get relief under section 3 and there. In my judgment, this House belie\"es that many of these other provisions in this bill, proof will have to be made to bills ought to be enacted into law. The Senate, bowe-rer, may the Interior Department, governed by whatever rules and feel differently about it. The House may feel differently on regulations it may see fit to prescribe, showing, first, that some of these measures. This House might not pass this bill, these people get net income of less than $1,000 a year. now before us for consideration and known as the Sherwood a Emry one of these 446,000 soldiers will have to make proof bill, if all these measures of which I ha ye spoken were incor- . of that proposition. And what is a net income? That ques­ porated into it and made one bill. tion will come up for consideration. It will involve the neces­ Why, then, risk the chance and opportunity of defeating this sity of looking into the private affairs and the pri'n1te business measure by loading it down with a raft of amendments. Is it of every old soldier in the land. And, besides, this is a pension a safe policy to carry all the eggs in one basket? l\Iight we bill based upon service; and if it is a pension bill based on not lose for the old soldier what we are able to get for him service, let us not put into it a provision which contradicts by striving after the impossible? Besides, if these othf'r its name and contradicts its alleged purpose. [Applause.) measures can pass the House and Senate in one measure they This provision of the bill is an insult to every prosperous and can pass them in separate bills. well-to-do soldier in the land and advertises to the world the From what I have seen here for the last few days I belie"Ve unfortunate condition of every other one. It punishes thrift that a majority of this House thinks that the old solclier ought and enterprise and rewards pro.fiigacy and shiftlessness. .After to have additional relief-and I believe that a majority of the each war it says to eYery young man who has served his Senate will take the same view-but I fear that a majority of country: "Sit down. Take life easy. If you will do that and this House does not belie-re that all the other classes I have have no means of support Uncle Sam will peusion you. But mentioned should be cared for through pension legislation. It if you are industrious, hard-working, and a successful man, the seems, therefore, that tl.Je wise thing for the friends of pension Government will not recognize you." legislation to do is to present separate measures here for au Gentlemen, this policy will not do. And besicles that, don't those who, in our judgment, ought to be pensioned, and pass you know it is going to cost this Go-rernment more to administer as many of them as we can; and by so doing we will not defeat this provision of the bill and adjust the pension claims under those measures which can pass, if left to stand or fall on their it than it will to leave it out :ind pension the few old soldiers own merits. who have a net income of $1,000 per year, exclusive of any Taking that view of it, I introduced at the special session pension they may receive? It will take an army of pension of Congress separate bms looking to the relief of the widowa clerks, inspectors, and other Govermilent employees to readjust of the Civil Wnr veterans, the Mexican Wnr veterans, the State the 446,000 pension claims now on the pension rolls. Better .Militia, and others, and those bills are now in the hands of the pay this money to the old soldiers. Not over 2 per cent of them Invalid Pensions Committee for consideration. And we have would be financially affected by this provision of the bill. had promises and assurances from members of that corumittce Delay and hardships are ine-ritable under this provision of the here on the .fioor of this Honse within the last few days thal bill as it now stands. separate bills on a nnruber of these classes of '!ases shall be The Secretary of the Interior, in whose department all these forthcoming, and sha 11 pass the House. This is gladsome news, matters will be ndjusted, bas this to say of it: and I hope nothing will interfere with those plans and Pill'· "The provision relative to incomes would necessnrily require poses. I gather it, too, that -u is the purpose of the Invalicl evidence in each claim as to the income "of the applicant. This Pensions Committee to pass this bill for the benefit of the old would, no doubt, lead to a large amount of correspondence and soldiers, and not to pass any special acts for their benefit, consequent delay in the adjustment of the claims filed. 'l'he belieYing that enough has been done for the old soldiers when claims filed the first year and not adjudicated until the second this bill has been passed. This may work a hardship in some and third years after the passage of such a bill would carry cases, but I am ready to concede that you have already done arrears from the date of filing," etc. It is admitted here by much to bless and benefit the old soldier when you pass the man best able to judge, that these claims can not be ad­ this bill. judicated for years. While the process is going on the old 218 · CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. DECEJ\ffiZR 11, soldier is dying-dying at the rate of 36,000 a year-3,000 a My understanding of the agreement made by the authorities month. One hundred less of them see the light of day e-very of our country in the day when they needed brave men to defend time the sun comes up in the morning. Wh} promise the old and protect the Union is that it was a matter of patriotism, battle-scarred veteran something in a pension bill, and then not of purely financial consideration. When men were urged place something in the way of his getting it? This provision of to enlist they were told that they would be taken care of if the bill must be eliminated. alive, or their survivors and dependents would be in case they And there is a part of another provision, which ought to go. never returned alive. That part of section 2 which says: I believe a good deal in common honesty myself. I care That no one who shall be in receipt of a pension of $2~ or more per little what creed a man may believe or whether he affiliates month, under this act, shall be entitled to admission or residence in with any denominational church. If he is an honest man and the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers. does what he contracts to do in a willing manner, he can gen­ There are 10 National soldiers' homes and 30 State soldiers' erally be found among good and desirable citizens. I want this homes in this country. There are 25,000 soldiers in the National Government to liYe up to what I have always been told was homes and 20,000 in the State homes. These homes are already their agreement with the men who braved the shot and shell built at State and Government expense. Whether this pro­ and saved the Union from disruption. vision becomes a law or not, those homes will still have to be I have the honor to represent a district which has the repu­ maintained at State and Government expense. All the old tation of hating contributed as many soldiers to the Civil 'Var soldiers will certainly not leave the homes. All of them can not in prop6rtion to its population at that time as any in the leave the homes. Many of them can not dress themselves or Union. At the beginning of the war my native county was one feed themselves. The average age of the soldiers now living of the strong Democratic counties of the Empire State, but that is between 70 and 71 years. They will not be with us long. did not interfere with Steuben County sending many a soldier You know it and they know it Let us neither banish them to the front to defend our country's flag. The politics of the from the homes nor punish them if they can not go. district have been so one-sided since that I am the first Member With this provision of this measure, and the $1,000 a year of the Democratic Party to be sent to the National House of income provision taken from it, it will then receive my hearty Representatives since the tidal Democratic year of 1882. I was support. I can not belie\e that either provision wm be per­ not chosen by Yoters of my own party alone. I had the support mitted to pass this House. [The House later rejected both of of many in the opposite political ranks, and I attribute my elec­ these provisions.] It is true that thiS Government pays out in tion, in part at least, to the issuance of a personal platform, pensions each year $1GO,OOO,OOO ; and that this bill (with the on which I ran, and in which I agreed to represent the thirty­ two provisions to which I most seriously object taken out of it) third district of the State of New York according to the prin­ will cost this Government $45,000,000 more each year. Those ciples therein laid down, and also to endeavor in other matters opposing the bill strongly urge that this Government is already to represent the honest views of the people of the district. paying out too much money in pensions and that this bill right­ The subject of pensions was not dwelt upon in that platform, eously deserves overwhelming defeat. but I am so sure that the Sherwood bill meets with the ap­ It proval of my constituents that I am going to support it. is also said that the old soldier has been petted and I am not in favor of section 3. I am in favor of eliminating spol1ed; that it has come to the point where he believes that his that from the bill for the reason that I do not think that thrift Congressman has got nothing to do except answer his letters, should be punished by discrimination, and further, -I believe look after his pension claim, and chase around to the depart­ that it would cost more to inquire into the financial standing of ments in his interest, and to the neglect of the business of all every applicant than it would cost to pay the additional pen­ tlle other people in the district and country. It is said that he is insistent and persistent in his demands; that he never sions to veterans who are fortunate enough to enjoy an income stops writing to his Congressman; that he is never satisfied of $1,000 or more. with what he has got and is always wanting more; that greed I sent a copy of this bill to every Grand Army post in my and graft have driven from the altars of his heart the fires of district, 22 in number. They were read in the post meetings, patriotism; that he now wants his Congressman to help him loot and in nearly every case I received an official communication from the proper officer stating that it was a satisfactory me~is­ the Treasury of the country he fought to save; and that he is ure, and that the post wished to see it become a law. if satisfied with his services as a Congressman he does and dis­ I am aware that the survivors of the Civil War are a small satisfied with them if he does not. proportion of our present population, but I have found few meI! It is said, too, that the Confederate soldiers after the war who did not believ~ in liberal treatment to the old veteran and expected nothing from the Government, went home and went in smoothing his declining years, which at the be.tare compara­ to work, and that the average Confederate soldier is now better tively few. off than the average Union soldier; that the Union soldier has I am glad to see that this great question is not being dis~ become idle and shiftless and worthless and depends upon the cussed from a sectional or party viewpoint, but is being con­ Go\ernment to give him enough money in the way of pensions sidered on this floor in a broad and patriotic manner. This is to keep him up. not a question of charity. It is a question of Justice. In the These are serious charges, and I hope that no old soldier in town where I reside there is a home for soldiers and sailors, my district, or elsewhere, ever has been or ever will be guilty erected by the efforts of the Grand Army of the State of New of them. I hope that those who feel that way on this subject York. It was built originally by subscriptions, and a goodly will not forget the fact that the old soldier did help to save this part of the first $100,000 was contributions of the people of the Union. That much can neither be doubted nor denied. That churches of the State of New York, regardless of creed, and the much, at least, of his life nurt motives are secure from truthful gifts of the citizens of Bath. The home wns later turned o-ver attack. That he displayed '~llor and patriotism, fortitude and to the State of New York as the best method to secure the courage no honest man cou\ersant with the facts will ever benefits intended. I can remember as a young man when the dispute. · home first opened. If my recollectfon serves me right, it was As a result of his privations and hardships, lofty patriotism about Christmas Day, and the :first veterans to be sheltered and Spartan-like 1alor, we have one flag and one country, which within this home were unfortunate invalids and cripples who is a marvel to all the world in its wonderful achievements and were that day removed from the county almshouse. To-day an inspiration to all mankind in its love of liberty, lofty ideals, there are from 2,000 to 2,200 veterans within the protecting nnd high resolves. walls of this noble institution. The war is o-ver. Its passions and its bitterness should be I favor this bill and believe it will pass. If it were done by buried with its dead. a unanimous vote it would show the deep and lasting gratitude Possibly not all the right was on the one side nor all the of a thankful people. wrong on the other. Each side believed in the justice of its Mr. ANDERSON of Ohio. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous cause and fought comageously to maintain it. No stain was consent to extend and revise my remarks. left on American manhood by reason of that sanguinary The CHAIR.MAN. The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. ANDER­ struggle; no blot upon the valor of Americap arms. [Applause.] soNJ asks unanimous consent to revise and extend his remarkS. Mr. UNDERHILL. l\fr. Chairman, I will not take the time Is there objection? of. the House long in a discussion of t~s bill, but I feel that I There was no objection. would be derelict in my dnty to my constituents if I did not Mr. AD.AIR. Mr. Ohairman, I rnove that the committee do raise my voice in its behalf. I am one of those who can recol- now rise. lect nothing of the Civil War. I was born several months after The motion was agreed to. Fort Sumter was fired upon, and tho e stirring times which Accordingly the committee rose; a.nd the Speaker having .re­ are mentioned with so much eloquence by the survivors of the sumed the chnir, Mr. FosTER of Illinois, ·chairman of the Com­ l'xciting and thrilling days of 1801-1865 are not EWen a memory mittee of the Whole House on the state of the Union, reported to me. that that committee had had under consideration the bill 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 219

(H. R. 1) granting a service pension to certain defined veterans survey of Hoquiam River, Wash. (H. Doc. No. 268); to the of the Civil War and had come to no resolution thereon. Committee on Rivers and Harbors and ordered to be printed. 10. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with HOLIDAY ADJOURNMENT. letter of the Chief of Engineers, report of a preliminary exam­ 1\Ir. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I desire to call up a privi­ ination of Chandlers River, Me. (H. Doc. No. 265) ; to the leged resolutio_n. I move the adoption of the resolµtion which I Committee on Rivers and Harbors and ordered to be printed. - send to tbe Clerk's desk. 11. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with The SPEAKER. The gentleman frdm Alabama moves the letter of the Chief of Engineers, report of a preliminary exami­ adoption of the resolution which he sends to the Clerk's desk. nation of Darby River, Pa. (H. Doc. No. 266) ; to the Committee The Clerk will report the resolution. on Rivers and Harbors and ordered to be printed. The Clerk read as follows: 12. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with House concurrent resolution 21. letter of the Chief of Engineers, report of a preliminary exami­ Reso1-r;ed, That when the two Houses adjourn on Thursday, December nation of Los Angeles (San Pedro) Outer Harbor, Cal. (H. Doc. 21, they stand adjourned until 12 o'clock m. on Wednesday, January 3, No. 267); to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors and ordered lfi12. to be printed. The SPEAKER. The question is on the adoption of the 13. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with a r€solution. letter from the Chief of Engineers, report on examination of The question was taken, and the resolution was agreed to. Broad Creek, l\fd., a waterway connecting Pocomoke Sound and ORDER OF BUSINESS. Little Annemessex River, with plan and estimate of cost of im­ Mr. ADAIR. Mr. Speaker, I would like to ask unanimous provement (H. Doc. No. 269); to the Committee on Rivers and consent that when the House meets to-morrow and goes into Harbors and ordered to be printed. Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union for the 14. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with a further consideration of the Sherwootl bill, general debate be letter from the Chief of Engineers, reports on examination and limited to 1 hour and 40 minutes; 30 minutes to be occupied by survey of Pamlico and Tar Rivers, with a view to obtaining tbe gentleman from Illinois [l\Ir. CANNON], 40 minutes by the greater depth and width as far up as Tarboro, N. C. (H. Doc. gentleman from New York [Mr. FITZGERALD], who is opposed to No. 270); to the Committee on Rh·ers and Harbors and ordered the bill, ancl 30 minutes by the gentleman from Indiana, Judge to be printed.· CT:LLOP. 15. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with a The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Indiana [Mr. .A.DAIR] letter from the· Chief of Engineers, reports on preliminary ex­ asks unanimous consent that when the House resolves into Com­ amination and survey of Manatee River, Fla.., with a view to mittee of tl!e Whole House on the state of the Union to-morrow securing a depth of 13 feet from the mouth -to Palmetto and for the consideration of House bill No. 1, general debate be lim­ Bradentown, and thence such depth to Ellenton and Ilye as ited to 1 hour and 40 minutes; 30 minutes of it to be occupied by commerce may demand (H. Doc. No. ·271); to the Committee on tbe gentleman from Illinois [Mr. CANNON], 40 minutes by the Rivers and Harbors and ordered to be printed. gentleman from New York [Mr. FITZGERALD], and 30 minutes 16. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with a by tbe gentleman from Indiana [Mr. CULLOP]. Is there objec­ letter from· the Chief of Engineers, reports on preliminary tion? '.fhe Chair hears none, and it is so ordered. examination of South Channel of Mystic River and South Ray, with a view to securing increased depth, and examination and ADJOURNMENT. survey of Chelsea Creek between the Meridian Street Rrirlge .Mr. U1''DERWOOD. l\fr. Speaker, I move that the House do and the Old East Boston Bridge, Boston Harbor, l\Iass. ( H. now adjonrn. Doc. No. 272); to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors and 'l'he motion was agreed to; accordingly (at 5 o'clock and 44 ordered to be printed. minutes p. Ill.) the House adjourned until to-morrow, ·Tuesday, 17. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting twenty­ December 12, 1911, at 12 o'clock m. first report of the Board of Ordnance and Fortification for fiscal year ended June 30, 1911 (H. Doc. No. 130); to the Com­ EXECUTIVE COillIUNICATIONS. mittee on Appropriations and ordered to be printed. 18. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting report Under clause 2 of RuJe XXIV,executive communicationswere of expendifures on account of appropriations for contingen­ taken frolll the Speaker's table and referred as follows: cies of the Army for fiscal year ended June 30, _1911 (H. Doc. 1. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with No. 273) ; to the Committee on Expenditures in the War De­ letter of the Chief of Engineers, report of a preliminary ex­ partment and ordered to be printed. amination of .Jupiter Inlet, Fla. (H. Doc. No. 257) ; to the Com­ 19. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting report mittee on Rivers ancl Harbors and ordered to be printed. of expenditures on account of appropriations for contingent 2. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with expenses of the War Department for the fiscal year ended letter of the Chief of Engineers, report of a preliminary ex­ June 30, 1911 (H. Doc. No. 274); to the Committee on Expendi­ amination of Winthrop Beach, Boston Harbor, 1\Iass. (H. Doc. tures in the War Department and ordered to be printed. No. 258); to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors and ordered to be printed. CHANGE OF REFERENCE. 3. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with letter of the Chief of Engineers, report of a preliminary ex­ Under clause 2 of Rule LTII, committees were disC'lI3.rged. amination of Thames River, Conn. (H. Doc. No. 200) ; to the from the consideration of the following bills, which were re­ Committee on RiYers and Harbors and ordered to be printed. ferred as follows : 4. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with A bill (H. R. 6246) grunting a pension to John H. Caldwell; letter of the· Chi.ef of Engineers, report of a preliminary ex­ Committee on Invalid Pensions discharged, and referred to the amination of Ridley Ilirnr, Pa. (H. Doc. No. 259) ; to the Com­ Committee on Pensions. mittee on Rivers and Harbors and ordered to be printed. A bill (H. R. 10731) granting a pension to Guilbert Alleu 5. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with (now Peace) ; Committee on Invalid Pensions discharged, and Jetter of the Chief of Engineers, report of a preliminary ex­ referred to the Committee on Pensions. mninn ti on of Escambia and Conecuh Rivers, Fla. and .A.la. A bill (H. R. 14877) granting an increa~e of pension to (H. Doc. No. 261); to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors William Tucker; Committee on Invalid Pensions disclrnrged. and ordered to be printed. and referred to the Co~ittee on Pensions. G. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with letter of the Chief of Engineers, report of a preliminary exam­ PUBLIC BILLS, RESOLUTIONS, AND l\IEUORIALS. ination of Delaware Ri•er at Bordentown, N. J. (H. Doc. No. Under clause 3 of Rule LUI, bills, resolutions. aud rnelllo­ 262) ; to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors and ordeted rials were introduced and severally referred as follows: to be printed. By l\fr. DENYER: A bill (H. R 15351) to provide for tb~ 7. A letter frolll the Secretary of War, transmitting, with purchase of a si.te and the erection of a public building nt Hills­ letter of the Chief of Engineers, report of a preliminary exam­ boro, Ohio; to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grouncls. ination of Yalobusha IliYer, l\Iis~. (H. Doc. No. 263); to the Also, a bill (H. R. 15352) to provide for tbe purchase of a sils Coilllllittee on Rive~s and Harbors and ordered to be printed. and the erection of a public building at Wilmington, Ohio; to S. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. letter of the Chief of Engineers, report ot a preliminary exam­ Also, a bill (H. R. 15353) to provide for tbe purcbnse of ,1 ination of Sakonnet Harbor, R. I. (H. ffoc. No. 264) ; to the site and the erection of a public building at Lebanon, Ohio; to Committee on Rirnrs and Harbors and ordered to be printed. the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. 0. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with a By l\Ir. GUERNSEY: A bill (H. R. 15354) providing for tlle Jetter from the Chief of Engineers, reports on examination and construction of a steam fog signal at the entrance to Cutler 220 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. DECEMBER 11,

Harbor, Washington County, :Me.; to the Committee on Inter­ , By Mr. CLARK of Florida: A bill (H. R. 15376) for the relief state and Foreign Commerce. of William Mickler; to the Committee on Claims. By Mr. RAKER: A bill (H. R. 15355) to amend section 429 By l\Ir. CLARK of l\fissouri: A bill (H. R. 15377) for the of the Revised Statutes of the United States, relating to publi­ relief of l\fary Jones Smith, daughter of Jonathan L. Jones, cations admitted to the second class of mail matter; to the deceased; to the Committee on Claims. Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads. By Mr. CULLOP: A bill (H. R. 15378) granting a pension to Dy Mr. NEEDHAM: A bill (H. R. 153G6) pmviding for the Pereuta J. Campbell; to the Committee on Pensions. purchase of a site and the erection of a public building thereon Also, a bill (H. R. 15379) granting an increase of pension to at Modesto, State of California; to the Committee on Public Jacob M. Neely; to the Oommittee on Invalid Pensions. Building-~ nnd Grounds. By Mr. DAVIS of West Virginia: A bill (H. R. 15380) for the By Mr. ALEXANDER: A bill (H. R. 15357) to regulate radio­ relief of the county court of Marion County, W. Va.; to the communication; to the Committee on the Merchant Marine and Committee on Claims. Fisheries. Also, a bill (H. R. 15381) for the relief of Alfred Mcl\Iasters; By :Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky (by request of the Commis­ to the Committee on Military Affairs. sioners of the District of Columbia) : A bill (H. R. 15358) to Also, a bill ( H. R. 15382) for the relief of Anthony C. .Moore ; to the Committee on Military Affairs. transfer jurisdiction of the Wa~ington Aqueduct, the filtration plant, and appurtenances to the Commissioners of the District Also, a bill (H. R. 15383) for .the relief of Sanford Wood; to of Columbia; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. the Committee on Military Affairs. By l\Ir. STEENERSON: A bill (H. R. 1535{)) extending the By l\Ir. DENVER: A bill (H. R. 15384) granting an increase time for certain homesteaders to establish residence upon their of pension to Samuel J. Scott; to the Committee on Invv1id lands; to the Committee on the Public Lands. Pensions. By Mr. DICKINSON: A bill (H. R. 153 5) for the relief of By .Mr. LEVY: A bill (H. R. 15360) to regulate the rank of Dewitt C. Blanchard; to the Committee on Military Affairs. certain officers in the Army; to the Committee on Military By Mr. DRAPER: A bill (H. R. 15386) grunting a pension Affairs. to Patrick J. Hanrahan; to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ By Mr. CANDLER: A bill (H. R. 15361) to correct an error sions. in the record of the supplemental treaty of September 28, 1830, By Mr. DYER: A bill (H. R. 15387) granting an increase of made with the Choctaw Indians, and for other purposes; to the pension· to Frederick Bonnet; to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ Committee on the Public Lands. sions. By Mr. SPARKMAN: A bill (H. R. 15362) to provide for a By Mr. FOSTER of .Illinois: A bill (H. R. 15B88) granting a site and public building at Arcadia, Fla.; to the Committee on pension to William Mendenhall; to the Committee on Pen­ Public Buildings and Grounds. sions. Also, a bill (H. R. 15363) to provide for a site and public By l\Ir. FULLER: A bill (H. R. 15389) granting an inc:rease building at Lakeland, Fla.; to the Committee on Public Build­ of pension to Albert Spicer ; to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ ings and Grounds. sions. By Mr. GARTER: A bill (H. R. 15364) to create an Indian By Mr. GOOD: A bill (H. R. 15390) granting an incre:ise of code commission, codify the law relating to Indians taxed and pension to Benjamin White; to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ not taxed, and to define more exactly the privileges and disa­ sions. bilities of the several classes of Indians in the United States; By .Mr. GUERNSEY: A bill (H. R. 15391) granting un in­ to the Committee on Indian Affairs. crease of pension to Isaac W. Sanborn; to the Committee on In­ Also, a bill (H. R. 15365) authorizing the Secretary of the \al id Pensions. Interior to make changes in coal leases bl the State of Okla­ Also, a bill (H. R. 15392) granting an increase of pension to homa; to the Committee on Indian Affairs. Ira Barnes; to the Oommittee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. DODDS: A bill (H. R. 15449) for the construction By Mr. HAMILTON of Michigan: A bill (H. R. 15393) grant­ of a gymnasium and manual-trainiilg building combined, with ing an increase of pension to Buel Wolcott; to the Committee on equipment, for the Mount Pleasant Indian School, at Mount Invalid Pensions. Pleasant, Mich.; to the Committee on Indian Affairs. Also, a bill (H. R. 15394) granting an increase of pension to Bv l\1r. OLDFIELD: Joint resolution (H. J. Res. 177) au­ Daniel D. Krebbs; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. tho1~izing the Director of the Census to publish statistics of the Also, a bill (H. ;it. 15395) granting a pension to Margaret Et domestic and foreign consumption of cotton, the surplus held Carrick; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. by cotton manufacturers of the United States, and the number By .Mr. HARTMAN: A bill (H. R. 15396) granting a. pension of bales exported; to the Committee on the Census. to Stacey Hoon; to the Oommittee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 15397) granting an increase of pension to Lydia A. Benton; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. • PRIVATE BILLS A.ND RESOLUTIONS. . By Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky: A bill (H. R. 15398) grant­ Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, private bills and resolutions ing an increase of pension to Hayes Butler; to the Committee were introduced and severally referred as follows: on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. ALEXANDER: A bill (H. R. 15366) granting an in­ Also, a bill (H. R. 15399) granting an increase of pension to crease of pension to David A. Davidson; to the Committee on James Allen; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. lnYalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 15400) granting an increase of pension to George Nell; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By .l\Ir. ASHBROOK: A bill (H. R. 15367) granting a pension Also, a bill (H. R. 15401) granting an increase of pension to to Catharine Klinglesmith; to the Committee on Invalid Pen- Samuel M. James; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. ~oo. - Also, a bill (H. R. 15402) granting an increase of pension to Also a bill (H. R. 15368) granting a pension to Josephine 1 C. W. Brown; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Harris ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. LEE of Georgia: A bill (H. R. 15403) for the relief By l\'.Ir. BATES: A bill (H. R. 15369) granting an increase of of the heirs of George Winfrey, deceased; to the Committee on pension to Amelia W. Brooks; to the Committee on Pensions. War Claims. By Mr. BOEHNEl: A bill (II. R. 15370) granting an increase Also, a bill (H. R. 15404) for the relief of the heirs of Noah of pension to Daniel A. Bohannon; to the Committee on Invalid Fugate, deceased; to the Committee on War Claims. Pensions. .Also, a bill (H. R. 15405) for the relief of the estate of John Also a bill (H. R. 15371) granting an increase of pension to .McCullough, deceased; to the Committee on War Claims. Cineas' Ryman; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also a bill (H. R. 15406) for the relief of the estate of Ira By Mr. BOOHER: A bill (H. R. 15372) granting a pensio~ to W. MdCutchen; to the Committee on War Claims. Walter Thomas; to the Committee on Pensions. Also a bill (H. R. 15407) for the relief of the estate of Howell By Mr. BYRNES of South Carolina: A bill (H. R. 15il73) Tatum: deceased; to the Committee on War Claims. for the relief of the legal representatives of Julia R. Spe~tks, Also, a bill (H. R. 15408) for the relief of David E. Tatum; deceased; to the Committee on War Claims. to the Committee on War Claims. Also, a bill (H. R. 15374) for the relief of the legal rer.re­ Also, a bill (H. R. 1'5400) for the relief of Wellborn Echols; sentative of Elizabeth Youmans, deceased; to the Committee to the Committee on War Claims. on War C1llims. Also, a bill (H. R. 15410) for the relief of the estate of By Mr. CARY: A bill (H. R. 15375) granting an increase of John Tittle, decease , to the Committee on War Claims. pension to Libbie B,, Smith; to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ Also, a bill ( H. R. 15411) for the relief of the heirs of John sions. W. Gilliam; to the Committee on War Claims. 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE._ 221

By M.r. LEE of Pennsylvania: A bill (H. R. i5412) gra~ting PETITIONS, ETC. an increase of pension to William Galligan; to the Committee· Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, petitions and papers were laid on Invalid Pensions. on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows: . Also, a bill (H. 15413) granting an in~rease ~f pension to n. By the SPEAKER: Petitions of S~muel A. Almes, of Apollo, Charles Oswald· to the Committee on Invalld Pensions. Pa., :ind Henry Rauch, of Minneapolis, Minn., in favor of reduc­ By Mr. LLOYD: A bill (H. R. 15414) for the relief of Joseph tion of duty on raw and refined sugars; to the Committee on Welch ; to the Committee on Military Affairs. . . Ways and Means. By Mr. MORRISON: A bill (H. R. 15415) gran~mg rui m­ By Mr. ALEXANDER: Papers to accompany a bill granting crease of pension to Robert Chandler; to the Committee on In- an increase of pension to David A. Davidson; to the Committee valid Pensions. . on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. OLDFIELD: A bill (H. R. 15416) granting. an m­ By Mr. AMES : Papers to accompany bill for an increase of crease of pension to Elizabeth Robertson; to the Committee on pE-nsion to Richard Monahan; to the Committee on Inrnlid Invalid Pensions. Pensions. By .Mr. PATTON of Pennsylvania: A bill (H. R. 1.5417) By 1\Ir. ANSBERRY: Petition of Leffier Bros., of Leipsic, granting an increase of pension to John C. Rote; to the Com- Ohio, favoring a reduction in the duty on raw and refined mittee on In-valid Pensions. · sugars; to the Committee on Ways and Means. Also, a bill ( H. R. 15418) granting an increase of pension to By Mr. ASHBROOK: Resolutions adopted by the Seventh­ James Starn· to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. day Adventist Church of New Philadelphia, Ohio, protesting Also a bili (II. R. 15419) granting an increase of pellsion to against the passage of Senate bill 237; to the Committee on the Thom~s :McKelvey; to tile Committee on .Invalid Pensiop_~. Post Office and Post Roads. Also, a bill (II. R. 15420) gran.ting an mcr~se of ~ens10n to Also, petition of E. J. Portz and 30 prominent farmers of Milton s. Lawhead· to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Newcomerstown, Ohio, favoring the immediate enactment of By ;.\Ir. POST: A bill (H. R: 15421) gran.ting a pension to the Sulzer parcels-post bill CH. R. 14) ; to the Committee on the F. Byron Ridgely ; to the ComIDittee on Invah~ Pensions. Post Office and Post Roads. Also a bill (H. R. 15422) granting a pension to George W. By Mr. BATES : Petition of Axtell J. Byles, of Titusville, Pa., Smith: to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. favoring Lincoln memorial road; to the Committee on Appro­ Also: a bill (H. R. 15423) gra~ting a. pension to Annie E. priations. Smitll: to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. . By Mr. BURKE of South Dakota. : Memorial of Black Hills Also a bill ( H. R. 15424) granting an increase of pension to Hebrew congreeo-ation, Deadwood, S. Dak., urging abrogation of Antho~y l\I. Carson ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Russian treaty of 1832; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Also, a bill (II. R. 15425) gran~ing a ~ension to Harry l\I. By l\Ir. BURKE of Wisconsin: Memorial of congregation of Ho.a "'a · to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Beth Israel, of l\Iilwaukee, Wis., urging the termination of the ·B; Mr. PRINCE: A bill (H. ~- 15426) gr~nting a pension American-Russian treaty of 1832; to the Committee on Foreign to Julia E. Baldwin; to the Committee on Pensions. . Affairs. By Mr. RUSSELL: A bill (H. R. 15427) granting a pension Also, memo1·iul of Milwaukee Branch, Lake Seamen's Union, to Elizabeth Adams; to the Committee on Pens~ons. . in favor of House bill 11372; to the Committee on the .Merchant Also, a bill (H. R. 15428) granting a pension to Delia i\l. Maiine and Fisheries. Yocum · to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, papers to accompany House bill 15292; to the Committee Also,' a bill (H. R. 15429) grant~g a pe:ision to Emma B. on Military Affairs. Mitchell· to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By l\lr. CArTRILL: Papers to accompany House bill 14756; A1Eo, ; bill (H. R. 15430) grantl?g a p~sion to Jefferson to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Johnson· to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. CARY: Memorial of Milwaukee (Wis.) Feeders, Help­ Also, ~ bill (II. R. 15431) granting an in.crease ?f pension to Robert B. Coy· to the C\1mrnittee on Invalid Pensions. ers, and Job Pressmen's Union, No. 27, indorsing House bill Also a bill (H. R. 15432) granting an increase of pension to 11372; to the Committee on the Merchant Marine and Fisheries. John Painter· to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By l\fr. DALZELL: Petition of sundry citizens of McKeesport, Alm, a bill' (H. R. 15433) granting au increase of pension to ' Pa., in favor of reduction of duty on raw and refined sugars; to the Committee on Ways and 1\Ieans. Jnmes R. Power·1 to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. 'Ry Mr. SIMS : A biJl (H. R. 15434). for the relief of W. P. By Mr. DE FOREST: Petitions of the Stables Co. and L. W. Doran· to the Committee on War Claims. Killen, of Schenectady, N. Y., favoring a reduction in the duty By Mr. SMALL: A bill (H. R. 15435) grant~g an increa~e on raw and refined sugars; to the Committee on Ways and of pension to William N. Berkley; to the Comm1tt~e on Invalld Means. Pensions. By l\Ir. DICKINSON: Memorial of Rockrtlle (Mo.) Seventh­ By Mr. Sl\IITH of New York: A bill (H. R. 15436) to correct day Adventist Church, against the passage of House bill 9433; the military record of Erastus Coyle; to the Committee on to the Committee on the Post Offire and Post Roads. Military Affairs. By Mr. DYER: Papers in support of House bill 14532; to the By Mr. SPARK.MAN: A bill (H: R. 15437) grantin~ an in­ Committee on Invalid Pensions. crease of pension to Charlotte Atkinson ; to the Comnnttee on By Mr. FORNES: Petition of the Keystone Manufacturing Invalid Pensions. Co., of Buffalo, ·N. Y.; of Sibley, Lindsay & Curr Co. and De­ Also, a bill (H. R. 15438) granting an increase of pension to fender Photo Supply Co .. of Rochester, N. Y.; and of New York . Georo-e W. Lyons; to the Committee on Pensions. Leather Belting Co., of New York City, in favor of 1-cent letter Al;o, a bill (H. R. 15439) granting an increase of pension to postage ; to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads. Sarah Knepley ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also petition of William A. Pinn, of New York City, protest­ By Mr. STEPHENS of California: A bill .(II.. R. 15440) gi:ant­ ing H. R. 11023; to the Committee on Military .Affuirs. ing an increase of pension to Joseph Enderlm ; to the Committee ag~inst on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. FRANCIS: Memorial of B'nai Jacob Lodge, No. 130. By Mr. THISTLEWOOD: A bill (~. R. 15441) graD;ting an Grand Lodge of the Independent Western Star Order, of Bel­ increase of pension to Joseph C. Martm; to the Committee on laire, Ohio, in regn,rd to abolition of Russian passports unless Imalid Pensions. dignity of United States is maintained; to the Committee on Also a bill (H. R. 15442) granting an increase of pension to Forejgn Affairs. Milo Paden; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. FULLER: Petition of the American Protective Tariff .AJ.so a bill (H. R. 15443) grunting an increase of pension to League, concerning the revision of the tariff, etc. ; to the Com­ John O. Lewis; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. mittee on Ways and Means. Also a bill (H. R. 15444) granting an increase of pension to Also petition of Hod Carriers and Building Laborers' Union, Samu~l N. Mathews: to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Local 'No. 134, of Ottawa. Ill., in favor of the Booher bill By Mr. TOWNSEND: A bill (H. Il. 15445) for the relief of (H. R. 5601) ; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com­ Bayard T. Garrabrant; to the Committee on War Claims. merce. By l\1r. WILLIS: A bill (H. R. 15446) granting an increase of Also, petition of Manufacturing Chemists' Associat~on of the pension to Samuel B. Price; to the Committee on Invalid Pens~ons. United States, in favor of the maintenance of the Tariff Board; By Mr. McKELLAR: A bill (H. R. 15447) for the relief of to the Committee on Ways and Means. the estate of James A. Robinson, deceased; to the Committee on Also, petition of Avery !Jo., of Peoria, Ill., in favor of 1-cent War Claims. . letter postage; to the Committee on the Post Office and Post By M1·. AMES : A bill ( H. R. 15448) granting an increase of Roads. pension to Richard Monahan; to the Committee on Invalid Also, papers to accompany bill for relief of Albert Spicer; to Pensions. the Committee on InYalid Pensions. 222 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. . I DECEMBER 12,

By .Mr. GALLAGHER: l\Iemorial of Lodge No. 13, Inde­ Also, memorial of Sarah Rogers Chapter, Daughters of the· pendent Western Star Order, urging abrogation of · Russian .American Revolution, in favor of Federal children's bureau; treaty; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. By Mr. GOLDFOGLE.; Memorials of William Schreiber By Mr. SAB.ATH: Resolutions of the Trans-Mississippi Con­ Lodge, No. 628, Independent Order B'rith .Abraham; of First gress, against the proposed establishment of a parcels post; Bottoschan American Sick Benefit .Association; and of Isaac to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads. · Elchonon Independent Benefit Lodge, all of New York City, Al o, memorial of Cook County Lodge, No. 266, Order B'rith favoring the abrogation of the Russian treaty of 1832 and re­ .Abraham, urging termination of treaty with Russia; to the questing Congress to adopt the Harrison-Goldfogle-Sulzer reso­ Committee on Foreign Affairs. lutions (H. J. Res. 5 and 40) ; to the Committee on Foreign By Mr. SULZER: Petition of 275 medical men, urging .Affairs. passage of House bill 30, for the reestablishment of ilie can­ By I\Ir. HARRISON of New York: Memorial of Nathan teen in the .Army of the United States; to the Committee on l\Iarcus Lodge, Ko. 72, Independent Order Free Sons of Judah, l\lili tary .Affairs. urging the abrogation of the Russian treaty; to the Committee .Also, petition of First Baptist Church of Riverside, Cal., in on Foreign A.ff airs. favor of arbitration treaties with Great Britain and France; to By Mr. HILL : Memorial of .Acheduth Club, of Hartford, the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Conn., urging abrogation of treaty with Russia; to the Cam- Also, petitions of Louisville Commercial Club and the l\fann­ mi ttee on Foreign Affairs. · facturers' Association of Racine, Wis., urging expenditure of By Mr. HUGHES of New Jersey; Memorial of Silk City first $500,000 as authorized by House bill 3088, Sixty-first Con­ Lodge, Independent Order B'rith .Abraham, of Paterson, N. J., gress, at City of Mexico, Rio de Janeiro, and Tokyo; to the urging abrogation of treaty with Russia; to the Committee on Committee on .Appropriations. Foreign Affairs. Also, memorials of Socialer Turn \erein, consisting of 360 By Mr. HU.1\IPHREY of Washington: Memorial of Ferndale members, urging investigation of the administration of the (Wa b.) Seventh-day .Adventist Church, against the passage immigration office at Ellis Island; to the Committee on Immi­ of House bill D433 ; to the Committee on the Post Office and gration and Naturalization. Post Roads. • By l\Ir. TILSON: Memorial of Lodge No. 479, Order B'rilh Also, petition of E. W. Swanson and 16 other prominent Abraham, urging abrogation of treaty with Russia; to the Com­ business men of Ferndale, Wash., protesting against the enact­ mittee on Foreign Affairs. ment by Congress of any legislation for the extension of the By l\fr. WHIT.ACRE: Petition of New Berlin Literary Club, parcels-post service; to the Committee on the Post Office and of New Berlin, Ohio, for repeal of tax on oleomargarine; to the Post Roads. Committee on Agriculture. By Mr. KINDRED : :Memorial of Lodg.e No. 38, Independent Also, petition of Local Union No. 31, National Brotherhoou Order Ahawas Israel, urging abrogation of treaty with Rus­ of Operative Potters, in favor of House bill 5601; to the Com­ sia ; to the Committee on Foreign .Affairs. mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. .Also, petitions of L. l\L Barth Co.; Local Union Ko. 42, Na­ .Also, memorial of Congressicnal Committee of Equal Rights tional Brotherhood of Operative Potters; and Watchcase En­ Association of Kentucky, relative to propoS'ed amendment to gravers' International .Association of .America, urging repeal Federal Constitution; to the Committee on Election of Prrsi­ of tax on oleomargarine; to the Committee on .Agriculture. dP... nt, Vice President, and Representatives in Congress. Also, memorials urging abrogation of treaty with Russia; to Also, memorial of Supreme Council, United Commercial the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Tra\elers A sociation, relative to efficiency of Life-Saving Serv­ By l\!r. WEEKS : Papers to accompany a bill granting a pen­ ice; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. sion to Arthur G. Brown; to the Committee on Pensions. By .I\lr. KOPP: Petition of citizens of Grant Cotmty, Wis., By Mr. WILLIS: Petitions of C. W. Deeds, of Rawson, relative to Russian passports; to the Committee on Foreign Ohio; Dr. B. F. Kearney, of Delaware, Ohio; and .A. H. Henkle, .Affairs. of West Liberty, Ohio, asking for a reduction in the duty By 1\fr. l\IcKINLEJY: Memorial of Presbyterian, l\!ethodist, on raw and refined sugars; to the Committee on Ways and Baptist, Disciple, and Congregational churches, of Champaign, Means. Ill., favoring ratification of the arbitration treaties with Eng­ Also, papers to accompany House bill 15250, granting an in­ land and France; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. crease of pension to Isaac H. Young; to the Committee on In- By l\lr. l\I.AHER: l\lemorial of National League for Medical valid Pensions. , Freedom, urging that medical practice in Panama Canal Zone be not limited to any one school of medicine; to the Committee on Railways and Canals. SENATE. Also, memorial of Lodge No. 580, Independent Order B'rith .Abraham, urging abrogation of the trea.ty with Russia; to the TUESDAY, December 1~, 1911 . Committee on Foreign .Affairs. The Senate met at 2 o'clock p. m. By l\Ir. NEEDHA.l\!: Memorial of California State Federa­ Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. Ulysses G. B. Pierce, D. D. tion of Labor, urging that a battleship be constructed at the The VICE PRESIDENT resumed the chair. l\Iare Island Navy Yard, during the Panama Exposition; to The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read and approYed. the Committee oi;i Naval .Affairs. .Also, memorial of Shipowners' Association of the Pacific FINDINGS OF THE COURT OF CLAIMS • Coast, urging appointment of John K. Bulger as supervising in­ '.rhe VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate communica­ spector, first district, Steamboat-Inspection Service of the United tions from the assistant clerk of the Court of Claims, trans­ States; also the appointment of Joseph P. Dolan to position of mitting certified copies of the findings of fact and conclusions local inspector at San Francisco, Cal. ; to the Committee on the of law filed by the court in the following causes: .Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Mary .A. Curran, executrix: of the estate of John J. Curran, Al o, memorial of California State Federation of Labor, deceased, late claimant in his own right and as sole heir of urging extension and enlargement of the C.llinese-exclusion act; Murty Curran, deceased, v. United States ( S. Doc. No. 146) ; to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. W. J. Goodwin v. United States ( S. Doc. No. 147) ; and Also, memorial of the Presbytery of Los .Angeles, Synod of .Ada E. Much, widow of George W. Much, deceased; Wil!iam California, relative to use of the Bible in the public schools of W. Nalley; James 1\I. O'Neill; Henry S. Walker, administrator of the Philippine Islands; to the Committee on Insular .Affairs. .Adam L. Rose, deceased; and Joseph Thompson v. United States By 1\Ir. 0 SH.AUNESSY: l\femorial of the Providence Board (S. Doc.· Ko. 145). of Trade, urging necessity of suitable landing ,Place and prop­ The foregoing findings were, with the accompanying papers, erly lighted harbor at Point Judith, R. I.; to the Committee on referred to the Committee on Claims and ordered to be printed. Rfrers and Harbors. MESS.AGE FROM TIIE IIOUSE .. Also, petitions of some citizens of Rhode Island, to have duty on raw and refirred sugars reduced; to the Committee on Ways .A message from.the House of Repre entath·es, by J. C. South, and l\Ieans. its Chief Clerk, announced that the House had passed the fol­ By Mr. P .A.RR.AN: Papers to accompany House bill 14426, lowing bills, in which it requested the concurrence of the granting an increase of pension to Alfred K. Young; to the Com­ Senate: mittee on Invalid Pensions. H. R. 8619 . .An act to amend ".An act to regulate the prnctice By Mr. REILLY: Memorials of Congregation Ados Israel, of of pharmacy and the sale of poisons in the District of Columbia, Hartford, Conn.; of Ararat Lodge, No. 13, Independent Order of and for other purposes," approYed May 7, 1906; and B'nai B'rith; and of the Acheduth Club. favoring the abrogation H. R. 13041. .An act to provide for the support and main­ of the Russian treaty; to the Committee on Foreign .Affairs. tenance of bastards in the District of Columbia.