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This Issue Media Leadership in Crisis, Disaster And INFORMTHE CBA JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC SERVICE BROADCASTING issue 1 | april 2012 ABC MD, MARK SCOTT, ON THE ROLE OF PSB IN DISASTERS AND EMERGENCIES GOOGLE.ORG ON CRISIS MAPPING AND THE POWER OF ONLINE TOOLS REUTERS INSTITUTE FELLOW, MONIKA KALCSICS, ON MEDIA THIS ISSUE AND AID AGENCIES MEDIA LEADERSHIP PANOS PICTURES IN CRISIS, DISASTER PHOTO ESSAY AND EMERGENCY CONTENTS 3 editor's note FROM THE SECRETARY-GENERAL CBA Secretary-General, Sally-Ann Wilson, introduces the first edition of Inform 4 opinion CRISIS: WHO THE PUBLIC TURN TO Mark Scott, Managing Director of ABC, on the role of PSBs in disasters and emergencies 8 features BRINGING DISASTERS ONLINE Google Crisis Response on the power of the internet and online tools in disaster response 11 HOW WE REPORT THE WORLD Dr Martin Scott on the coverage of crises, disasters and emergencies 14 A WAR ON JOURNALISTS William Horsley on issues of safety affecting international journalists 17 COVERING EMERGENCY: A GUIDE Debbie Ransome on the skills needed to cover disasters and emergencies 20 TALKING TRAUMA Gavin Rees on issues around trauma when reporting on crises, disasters and emergencies 22 PHOTO ESSAY Images from Panos Pictures, illustrate the impact of crises, disasters and emergencies 25 A LIVING DOCUMENT Siobhann Tighe reviews a Tongan documentary on the aftermath of the 2009 tsunami Panos Pictures is a photo agency specialising 37-year-old Josephine Mpongo 27 EDUCATE AND INFORM practises the cello in the Arya Gunawan Usis on the role of PSBs in the aftermath of crises, disasters and emergencies in global social issues, known internationally Kimbanguiste neighbourhood for its fresh and intelligent approach and of Kinshasa. She plays with 31 NO WOMAN’S LAND the Kimbanguiste Symphony Hannah Storm on safety and the experience of women journalists covering emergencies willingness to pursue stories beyond the Orchestra, who practise here five days per week. contemporary media agenda. Representing ANDREW MCCONNELL | PANOS PICTURES 33 A REPORTING DISASTER? over 100 photographers worldwide, Panos Monika Kalcsics on the interdependent relationship between media and aid agencies has an established record of reporting through 36 in focus photography and film. 38 briefing Panos is happy to support the CBA in this 40 technical briefing first volume of Inform, the General Conference in Brisbane and its long term aim of supporting 42 bibliography free and independent media through Public published by the isbn 978-0-9561429-8-6 editor images Service Broadcasting. cba secretariat Charlotte Jenner Panos Pictures 17 fleet street price £35 [email protected] www.panos.co.uk telephone london +44 20 7253 1424 views expressed herein ec4y 1aa the cba is a not-for- advertising print are not necessarily those united kingdom profit company Adam Weatherhead Hobbs the Printers Ltd email held by the cba limited by guarantee [email protected] Brunel Road [email protected] t +44 (0)207 583 5550 registration number: Totton cover image: japan, july f +44 (0)207 583 5549 3561848 design Hampshire SO40 3WX web 2011 © dean chapman, email [email protected] vat registration birdy United Kingdom www.panos.co.uk panos pictures web www.cba.org.uk number: 726486410 www.birdy.co.uk www.hobbs.uk.com multimedia www.vimeo.com/panospictures updates www.twitter.com/panospictures | editor's note FROM THE SECRETARY GENERAL Welcome to Inform, the new journal of International Public Service Broadcasting from the CBA. The CBA's Secretary-General, Sally-Ann Wilson, sets out plans for the journal, its purpose and strategy. author Sally-Ann Wilson The Commonwealth Broadcasting Association (CBA) was an intelligent and accessible specialist journal, available established in 1945 to support and promote the qualities both in hard copy and via the web, would be of value that remain central to Public Service Broadcasting (PSB), to members. I was recently fascinated to discover how namely media freedom and broadcast excellence. Today much research and comment was generated by the the CBA is the largest global association of Public Service academic world about public broadcasting. I was also Broadcasters, providing a unique forum for global surprised by how little of this debate reached the senior broadcasting organisations to share knowledge and managers who were practitioners and leaders of public experience, as broadcasting evolves in the digital era. broadcasting globally. Since being appointed Secretary-General in 2010 Our aim is for Inform to provide a bridge between the I have worked with the team at the CBA Secretariat to academic analysis of Public Service Broadcasting and the refocus and consolidate the association. Our core purpose views and experience of senior managers working within going forward is to support Public Service Broadcasters the industry. It is our intention to publish two volumes through digital transition. Digital switchover provides both a year, providing a stand-alone guide to the topics that challenges and opportunities for PSBs. There is no doubt concern both commentators and practitioners of PSB. that the Internet has democratised public access and Trust and relevance are accepted as central pillars engagement with the media, however, many of us share for the future of PSB and it is at times of national crisis the belief that broadcasting still provides an essential that audiences turn to Public Service Broadcasters for public media space for people to come together and the essential information on which they can rely. This share news and views, tragedy and triumph. first volume of Inform focuses on the theme of the 29th Lord Reith, the first Director General of the BBC, CBA General Conference in Brisbane, Australia; Media established the principles that public broadcasting should Leadership in Crisis, Disaster and Emergency, follow; to educate, inform and entertain. With so much highlighting situations when to be informed is vital. choice available in a digital media world, entertainment is We welcome feedback and, above all, we hope you certainly a key factor for audiences, while the notions of enjoy reading Inform. ‘educating’ and ‘informing’ have perhaps become less central. The web has undoubtedly enabled audiences to become producers but in an age of information overload broadcasters are still required. It is broadcasting that can use its wealth of experience to cut through the noise and provide trusted and relevant information to audiences. Much of the information and news about the CBA is available via our website, but we also recognised that sally-ann wilson, secretary-general, cba. issue 1 | 3 opinion | crisis: who the public turn to | opinion CRISIS: WHO THE PUBLIC TURN TO Managing Director of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), Mark Scott, discusses the important role of PSB during times of crisis, disaster and emergency. author Mark Scott photography Panos Pictures, London & ABC News It’s the 2nd March. Autumn began in Sydney yesterday. As situation and road conditions, every piece of information, and heard just about everywhere, is the engine room of "I would have been lost without the ABC" when people I write this, police and emergency workers are preparing relevant and local, is getting out to the communities the emergency broadcasting. Each station has established talk about their experiences. to evacuate people from the Hawkesbury river region, just ABC serves. To ensure comprehensive coverage, talkback is relationships with emergency, police and rescue agencies. No one is waiting until a disaster unfolds to understand north of Sydney. State Emergency Service crews have already also turned over to these updates and information. Local radio staff live in the regions their stations cover. They the risks or to provide information – it is happening well in helped almost two thousand people to get away, many in Even though we are not funded for it and it does not endure the same disasters their listeners endure. Every step advance. In Darwin, for instance, at the start of the cyclone flood boats. Weekend rains are expected to tip swollen appear in our Charter, emergency broadcasting is so readily forward, every setback that affects the community, they are season, we run a Cyclone Awareness Week. Someone from rivers over the edge. Dams are overflowing. Evacuation identified in the public mind with the ABC that in a crisis, a part of. This ‘localness’ is an important element of the local radio also usually takes part in the meetings of State orders have gone out in Goulburn, Cowra, Cooma and the public naturally turns to us. It reflects the special place trust that people place in the information they are getting Emergency Management Committees. Bega on the south coast. Highways have been cut. Bridges we occupy in public life. If the matter is serious, Australians from the ABC. Yet no matter how familiar each crisis and disaster seems are expected to follow. In Australia’s national capital, are confident the ABC will give it the coverage it warrants. Each ABC local station has an Emergency Broadcasting or how much each has in common, the unpredictable and Canberra, Lake Burley Griffin (the National Gallery, These are the kinds of expectations that come with the job Plan, reviewed annually, which ensures emergency warnings the unprecedented are also intrinsic to it. This has meant National Museum and the High Court sit on its shores) has of all public broadcasting and living up to them is one part are broadcast repeatedly and for as long as necessary. Since we keep learning each time there is an emergency, about been closed for a week because of contamination. There of the responsibility we have. conflicting information is so dangerous, we have a network the communities we serve and about ourselves, lasting are major flood warnings for the Murray River, which Over the past decade the ABC has provided emergency alert system, a single source of information used to ensure lessons about what we can plan and just as significantly, spans three Australian states and emergency crews are at broadcasting during fires, cyclones, heatwaves, tsunamis, the same alerts get to air.
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