DOCSLIB.ORG

VME Workshop [9.4] and Adopted the Coral and Sponge Key [10.7]

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
VME Workshop [9.4] and Adopted the Coral and Sponge Key [10.7] Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems Database Vema Seamount Geographical reference Southeast Atlantic Management Body/Authority South East Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (SEAFO) Area Type Closed area (SEAFO) Closed since 2007-01-01 Habitat and Biology Physical description of the environment: Seamounts Only 1 seamount >2000m (SC Report 2010, p. 10). Impacts Considered exploited in 2006 (SC Report 2006, p. 17) and only slightly exploited in 2010 (SC Report 2010, p. 18) Map FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Disclaimer The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of FAO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers and boundaries. Dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. Management Measures specific to this area All fishing activities for fisheries resources covered by the SEAFO Convention shall be prohibited from 1 January 2011 in the areas defined in Annex 1 of this Conservation Measure. Area: (Vema Seamount), Number 6 on the attached map – considered to be, slightly exploited., Coordinates: 31o27’S 08o06’E, 31o27’S 08o35’E, 31o53’S 08o35’E, 31o53’S 08o06’E (CM 18/10) Period in force: 2011-01-01 to 2015-02-08 Source of information SEAFO. 2010. Conservation Measures 18/10 on the Management of Vulnerable Deep Water Habitats and Ecosystems in the SEAFO Convention Area. 5 pp. http://www.seafo.org/media/b7fab4e0-3ce9-44ef-82a6- f4ced6c92886/SEAFOweb/CM/open/eng/CM18-10_pdf Commission 2010 SEAFO. 2010. Report of the 7th Annual Meeting of the Commission, 2010. SEAFO, 152 pp. http://www.seafo.org/media/24693adc-f546-42cc-b294- 649425a52842/SEAFOweb/pdf/COMM/open/eng/Annual%20Commission%20Report%202010 Commission 2010 11 Oct 2010 - 15 Oct 2010 The SC reported that they had developed a fishing footprint based on the historical fishing data submitted by CPs [8.5]. The NOCS mapping of hydrographic features showed that current information was of variably quality and that all features rising above 1000m should be considered for protection [8.6]. SC reviewed CM 6/6 on seamount closures and recommended changes [8.7] and the Commission agreed to close 11 seamounts [8.8.5, Annex 6]. It was agreed to pay the author for the coral and sponge ID guide [13.1].Commission SEAFO. 2010. Report of the SEAFO Scientific Committee 2010. SEAFO, 52 pp. http://www.seafo.org/media/180d4218-1954-4d4c-b440- 322b9b3d4ef2/SEAFOweb/pdf/SC/open/eng/SC%20Report%202010_pdf Scientific Committee 2010 04 Oct FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department 2010 - 09 Oct 2010 SC commented on some of the outcomes of the Performance Review [6.Sec.4.1.2, 6.6]. SC reviewed CM 06/06 on vulnerable deep-water habitats and ecosystems and made several recommendations including revising the closures [8, 15.5, Annex VI]. SC also reviewed CM 17/09 on bottom fishing activities and elaborated on the fishing footprint and threshold and encounter protocols [9]. SC also drafted rules for access and use of SEAFO data [Annex IV]. SEAFO. 2009. Report of the 6th Annual Meeting of the Commission, 2009. SEAFO, 176 pp. http://www.seafo.org/media/10e27843-60a9-46e2-bfa1- 27f59ceb2ff7/SEAFOweb/pdf/COMM/open/eng/Annual%20Commission%20Report%202009 Commission 2009 05 Oct 2009 - 08 Oct 2009 The Commission received a report on the bottom fishing/VME workshop [9.4] and adopted the coral and sponge key [10.7]. The requirement for CPs to submit fishing footprint data was re-iterated [10.4]. Encounter thresholds were revised to 800 kg live sponges and 60 kg live corals (sic) [10.5] and the coral and sponge key adopted [10.7]. The effects of ALDFG could not be assessed [10.8]. SEAFO. 2009. Report of the SEAFO Scientific Committee, 2009. SEAFO, 78 pp. http://www.seafo.org/media/fb524e5f-13df-485e-87db- e74dd1eb5b9e/SEAFOweb/pdf/SC/open/eng/SC%20Report%202009_pdf Scientific Committee 2009 30 Sep 2009 - 02 Oct 2009 Sampling of total catch by observers according to protocol limited [6.d] that should be helped by the new coral-sponge key [14, 18.g]. The Spanish-Namibian survey will focus on Ewing seamount and Valdivia Bank [6.g] and progress reports on their last year’s work [10] and for the ECO-MAR project [9] were received. Historical fisheries data is almost partially complete [6.i, 18.n] and a format change is recommended [18.d]. Encounter threshold levels should be revised downwards. The FAO Deep-seas project was mentioned. [17]. It is recommended that a consultant by hired to produce a bathymetric map and bottom topography [18.f]. Management Body/Authority South East Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (SEAFO) The objective of South East Atlantic Fishery Organization (SEAFO) is to ensure the long-term conservation and sustainable use of the fishery resources in SEAFO’s area of competence. Web site http://www.seafo.org Regional Fishery Body fact sheet http://www.fao.org/fishery/rfb/SEAFO/en © FAO, 2015 FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Identity Crisis Or Split Personality? Trans-Ocean Distances and Not Within Individual Regions
    Journal of Biogeography (J. Biogeogr.) (2007) 34, 2001–2008 GUEST Seamounts: identity crisis or split EDITORIAL personality? Craig R. McClain* Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, ABSTRACT 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA At present, researchers propose that over 14,000 seamounts exist and, like their 95039, USA terrestrial analogues, function like islands. In addition, seamounts are described as oases, biodiversity hotspots, and lush coral/sponge gardens. Here I discuss the extent to which these tenets regarding seamounts may be inappropriate, suffer from a lack of support, and be over-generalizations of a broad range of envi- ronmental types encountered on seamounts. Ultimately, for seamount science to progress, we need to challenge our conventional wisdom on these habitats and the extent to which all seamounts function in a similar manner. *Correspondence: Craig R. McClain, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Keywords Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA, 95039, USA. Biodiversity, conservation, coral, deep sea, ecological oasis, endemism, hotspot, E-mail: [email protected] island biogeography, isolation, seamount. biological communities that support highly unique and INTRODUCTION endemic faunas’. In ‘Toward a strategy for high seas marine There is no such things as mountains and valleys on the deep-sea protected areas’, Gjerde & Breide (2003) notes that ‘Sea- bottom. mounts are areas of high endemic biodiversity with little Mosely (1880), p. 343 overlap in community composition between seamount Less than 100 years after Mosely’s statement, Hubbs (1959) clusters’. contemplated the ‘scientific interests, particularly in respect Alternatively, others suggest that seamounts are unique to zoogeography and speciation’ of recently discovered habitats for reasons not related to their ‘islandness’.
    [Show full text]
  • Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Vema and Valdivia Seamounts (SE Atlantic)
    European Journal of Taxonomy 758: 49–96 ISSN 2118-9773 https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.758.1425 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2021 · Gil M. & Ramil F. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0). Research article urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7CA6D8AC-2312-47F9-8C17-528B94E4C8A7 Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Vema and Valdivia seamounts (SE Atlantic) Marta GIL 1,* & Fran RAMIL 2 1,2 CIM-UVigo – Centro de Investigación Mariña, Facultade de Ciencias do Mar, Universidade de Vigo, Spain. 1 Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfi co de Vigo, Spain. * Corresponding author: [email protected] 2 Email: [email protected] 1 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:FFF187EB-84CE-4A54-9A01-4E4326B5CD26 2 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:67BAF0B6-E4D5-4A2D-8C03-D2D40D522196 Abstract. In this report, we analyse the benthic hydroids collected on the Vema and Valdivia seamounts during a survey conducted in 2015 in the SEAFO Convention Area, focused on mapping and analysing the occurrence and abundance of benthopelagic fi sh and vulnerable marine ecosystem (VMEs) indicators on selected Southeast Atlantic seamounts. A total of 27 hydroid species were identifi ed, of which 22 belong to Leptothecata and only fi ve to Anthoathecata. Monostaechoides gen. nov. was erected within the family Halopterididae to accommodate Plumularia providentiae Jarvis, 1922, and a new species, Monotheca bergstadi sp. nov., is also described. Campanularia africana is recorded for the fi rst time from the Atlantic Ocean, and the Northeast Atlantic species Amphinema biscayana, Stegopoma giganteum and Clytia gigantea are also recorded from the South Atlantic.
    [Show full text]
  • Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems – Processes and Practices in the High Seas Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems Processes and Practices in the High Seas
    ISSN 2070-7010 FAO 595 FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE TECHNICAL PAPER 595 Vulnerable marine ecosystems – Processes and practices in the high seas Vulnerable marine ecosystems Processes and practices in the high seas This publication, Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems: processes and practices in the high seas, provides regional fisheries management bodies, States, and other interested parties with a summary of existing regional measures to protect vulnerable marine ecosystems from significant adverse impacts caused by deep-sea fisheries using bottom contact gears in the high seas. This publication compiles and summarizes information on the processes and practices of the regional fishery management bodies, with mandates to manage deep-sea fisheries in the high seas, to protect vulnerable marine ecosystems. ISBN 978-92-5-109340-5 ISSN 2070-7010 FAO 9 789251 093405 I5952E/2/03.17 Cover photo credits: Photo descriptions clockwise from top-left: Acanthagorgia spp., Paragorgia arborea, Vase sponges (images courtesy of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada); and Callogorgia spp. (image courtesy of Kirsty Kemp, the Zoological Society of London). FAO FISHERIES AND Vulnerable marine ecosystems AQUACULTURE TECHNICAL Processes and practices in the high seas PAPER 595 Edited by Anthony Thompson FAO Consultant Rome, Italy Jessica Sanders Fisheries Officer FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Rome, Italy Merete Tandstad Fisheries Resources Officer FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Rome, Italy Fabio Carocci Fishery Information Assistant FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Rome, Italy and Jessica Fuller FAO Consultant Rome, Italy FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2016 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
    [Show full text]
  • Roadmap to Recovery: a Global Network of Marine Reserves
    © Greenpeace/Åslund Roadmap to Recovery: A global network of marine reserves Callum M. Roberts, Leanne Mason and Julie P. Hawkins Contributing authors: Elizabeth Masden, Gwilym Rowlands, Jenny Storey and Anna Swift Environment Department, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK Correspondence to: [email protected] 3 4 Roadmap to Recovery: A global network of marine reserves content 1. Summary 7 2. Introduction 9 3. Aims of this report 11 4. Life on the high seas 11 4.1 The pelagic realm 11 4.2 The deep sea 13 5. History of exploitation of the high seas 16 6. Present status and threats to life on the high seas 17 6.1 Fishing 17 6.2 Global warming 18 6.3 Disposal of CO2 18 6.4 Oil and mineral exploitation 18 6.5 Bioprospecting 20 6.6 Noise 20 7. Designing a global marine reserve network for the high seas 20 7.1 Marine reserves and why they are needed 20 7.2 Will marine reserves protect species on the high seas? 21 7.3 Identifying candidate sites for protection 23 7.4 The grid 25 8. Principles of marine reserve networking 25 8.1 Site selection 25 8.2 Networking and connectivity 26 8.3 Level of replication 26 8.4 Spacing of marine reserves 26 8.5 Size of marine reserves 26 8.6 Coverage of marine reserves 27 9. Procedure used for computer-assisted design of a network 28 of marine reserves 9.1 Features and targets used for Marxan analyses 29 Oceanographic Features 29 Physical features 29 Biological data 29 Expert consultation 31 10.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of the Effects of Seamounts on Biological Processes
    A REVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF SEAMOUNTS ON BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES George W. Boehlert Southwest Fisheries Center Honolulu Laboratory, National Marine Fisheries Service. NOAA. 2570 Dole St., Honolulu, HI 96822-2396 Amatzia Genin Scripps Institution of Oceanography, A-008, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093 Abstract. Seamounts interacting with oceanic continental shelf or slope counterparts at similar currents create flow complexities which depend water depths [Hubbs, 19591. In the open ocean, upon current speed, stratification. latitude, and seamounts interact with ocean currents and create seamount morphology. Seamount effects. which variability in the physical flow field. Several include internal wave generation. eddy formation. studies have described these effects on the Gulf local upwelling. and closed circulation patterns Stream [Vastano and Warren, 19761 and the Kuroshio called Taylor columns. have important effects upon [Roden et al.. 1982; Roden. 19871. The physical pelagic and benthic ecosystems over seamounts. effects include local small- and mesosca7.e phe- The biological effects of these current-topography nomena including the shedding of mesoscale eddies interactions are poorly understood. Flow accel- which alter flow patterns for significant dis- eration on upper flanks of seamounts may lead to tances downstream of the seamounts [Royer. 19781. low sedimentation but areas of high standing Biological effects of these physical complexities stocks of benthic fauna, particularly filter feed- are not well understood [Genin and Boehlert 1985; ers. Other effects extend into the water column: Boehlert, 19861. Discovery of seamount fishery nutrient enrichment and enhanced primary produc- [Uchida and Tagami. 19841 and mineral resources tivity occur over some seamounts. Longer observa- [Manheim, 19861, however, has caused increased tional periods will be necessary to understand the interest in seamount oceanography and its effects time-varying nature of such enhanced productivity on biota [Darnitsky et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Joint Geological Survey/University of Cape Town MARINE GEOSCIENCE UNIT TECHNICAL ^REPORT NO. 13 PROGRESS REPORTS for the YEARS 1
    Joint Geological Survey/University of Cape Town MARINE GEOSCIENCE UNIT TECHNICAL ^REPORT NO. 13 PROGRESS REPORTS FOR THE YEARS 1981-1982 Marine Geoscience Group Department of Geology University of Cape Town December 1982 NGU-Tfc—Kh JOINT GEOLOGICAL SURVEY/UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN MARINE GEOSCIENCE UNIT TECHNICAL REPORT NO. 13 PROGRESS REPORTS FOR THE YEARS 1981-1982 Marine Geoscience Group Department of Geology University of Cape Town December 1982 The Joint Geological Survey/University of Cape Town Marine Geoscience Unit is jointly funded by the two parent organizations to promote marine geoscientific activity in South Africa. The Geological Survey Director, Mr L.N.J. Engelbrecht, and the University Research Committee are thanked for their continued generous financial and technical support for this work. The Unit was established in 1975 by the amalgamation of the Marine Geology Programme (funded by SANCOR until 1972) and the Marine Geophysical Unit. Financial ?nd technical assistance from the South African National Committee for Oceanographic Research, and the National Research Institute for Oceanology (Stellenbosch) are also gratefully acknowledged. It is the policy of the Geological Survey and the University of Cape Town that the data obtained may be presented in the form of theses for higher degrees and that completed projects shall be published without delay in appropriate media. The data and conclusions contained in this report are made available for the information of the international scientific community with tl~e request that they be not published in any manner without written permission. CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION by R.V.Dingle i PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE BATHYMETRY OF PART OF 1 THE TRANSKEI BASIN by S.H.
    [Show full text]
  • High Seas Deep-Sea Fishing Grounds in the South East Atlantic Ocean 51
    50 Worldwide review of bottom fisheries in the high seas MAP 1 High seas deep-sea fishing grounds in the South East Atlantic Ocean 51 South East Atlantic Ocean FAO Statistical Area 47 (and a portion of 34) GEOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF THE REGION Angola, Namibia and South Africa are the three countries bordering the South East Atlantic Region (FAO Statistical Area 47) along the African coast. This region extends from the Central Atlantic in the north at 6°S to the Southern Ocean in the south at 50°S. The western limit of the South East Atlantic is the 20°W meridian, which means that the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge is within the region, at around 15°W, and extends over the entire region from north to south. Other important bottom topographic features in this region are the Walvis Ridge and the Valdivia Bank, joining the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of Tristan da Cunha on the northern part of the Namibian continental shelf at around 18°S, and in the southern part, the Meteor Rise and the Agulhas Ridge. These are the areas largely targeted in the deep-sea bottom fisheries in the region, together with associated or isolated seamounts areas such as Ewing and Molloy Seamounts, Vema Seamount and those in SEAFO Subdivision A1 (SEAFO, 2007a). It is important to note that in the South East Atlantic, the continental shelf along the coasts does not extend beyond the EEZs of the coastal states. MANAGEMENT REGIME APPLICABLE TO DEEP-SEA BOTTOM FISHERIES IN THE HIGH SEAS Regional Fisheries Management Organization/Arrangement The South East Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (SEAFO) was established in 2003 with the entry into force of the Convention on the conservation and management of fisheries resources in the South East Atlantic Ocean.
    [Show full text]
  • Mount Vema-H.S.)
    Friday, August 7, 2020 Not for Sale. The Sanctity of Seamount Treasures (Mount Vema-H.S.) - 12 November 2019 Greenpeace Germany oceans campaigner Thilo Maack encounters a Tristan Rock Lobster (Jasus tristani) on one of Mount Vema’s summits. Credit © Richard Barnden / Greenpeace The Mount Vema seamount is 1000km out to sea in the southeast Atlantic Ocean. It is out of reach except by industrial fishing fleets or passing ships. But finding a lobster cage there has alarmed Greenpeace which has reiterated that seamounts must be protected from being exploited. This week Greenpeace reported that its ship, Arctic Sunrise, visited the area as part of the “Protect the Oceans” tour, a year-long pole-to-pole expedition. On board are a group of activists, divers and scientists who took the opportunity to explore the secrets of the Vema seamount which rises from the seabed at 4600m to just 26m below the surface of the ocean. Indian ocean seamounts Seamounts are not exactly a secret to the commercial fishing fleets of South Africa and Namibia. Some 25 years have passed since the first seamounts were discovered in the south west Indian ocean. Then in 2010, a South African-led exploration of eight seamounts including Atlantis, “Middle of What” and Coral was successfully concluded. This was made possible by the United Nations, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and the Global Environmental Facility. There was also support from the Norwegians who provided the research ship. Fish finds On board the Fridtjof Nansen, amongst the group of scientists, was a phytoplankton specialist, researchers, marine biologists and seamount specialist Dr Alex Rogers from the Zoological Society of London.
    [Show full text]
  • Shallow Seamounts Represent Speciation Islands for Circumglobal
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Shallow seamounts represent speciation islands for circumglobal yellowtail Seriola lalandi Sven Kerwath1,2,8*, Rouvay Roodt‑Wilding3, Toufek Samaai2,4, Henning Winker1, Wendy West1, Sheroma Surajnarayan5, Belinda Swart3, Aletta Bester‑van der Merwe3, Albrecht Götz6, Stephen Lamberth1,7 & Christopher Wilke1 Phenotypic plasticity in life‑history traits in response to heterogeneous environments has been observed in a number of fshes. Conversely, genetic structure has recently been detected in even the most wide ranging pelagic teleost fsh and shark species with massive dispersal potential, putting into question previous expectations of panmixia. Shallow oceanic seamounts are known aggregation sites for pelagic species, but their role in genetic structuring of widely distributed species remains poorly understood. The yellowtail kingfsh (Seriola lalandi), a commercially valuable, circumglobal, epipelagic fsh species occurs in two genetically distinct Southern Hemisphere populations (South Pacifc and southern Africa) with low levels of gene‑fow between the regions. Two shallow oceanic seamounts exist in the ocean basins around southern Africa; Vema and Walters Shoal in the Atlantic and Indian oceans, respectively. We analysed rare samples from these remote locations and from the South African continental shelf to assess genetic structure and population connectivity in S. lalandi and investigated life‑history traits by comparing diet, age, growth and maturation among the three sites. The results suggest that yellowtail from South Africa and the two seamounts are genetically and phenotypically distinct. Rather than mere feeding oases, we postulate that these seamounts represent islands of breeding populations with site‑specifc adaptations. Seamounts have long been known as aggregation sites for large pelagic fshes such as tuna, billfshes and sharks1.
    [Show full text]
  • Indian - Atlantic Interocean Exchange: Variability and Controls
    INDIAN - ATLANTIC INTEROCEAN EXCHANGE: VARIABILITY AND CONTROLS. UITWISSELING TUSSEN DE INDISCHE EN ATLANTISCHE OCEAAN: VARIABILITEIT EN FORCERING. (met een samenvatting in het Nederlands) PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit Utrecht op gezag van de Rector Magnificus, prof. dr. W.H. Gispen, ingevolge het besluit van het College voor Promoties in het openbaar te verdedigen op woensdag 15 mei 2002, om kwart voor e´en´ ’s middags. DOOR MATHIJS WILHELMUS SCHOUTEN geboren op 3 juli 1975 te ’s Gravenhage ii Promotor: Prof. dr. W.P.M. de Ruijter Co-promotor: Dr. P.J. van Leeuwen Faculteit Natuur- en Sterrenkunde, Universiteit Utrecht Dit proefschrift werd mede mogelijk gemaakt door financiele¨ steun van de Nederlandse or- ganisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), in het kader van het tweede nationaal Onderzoeks Programma (NOP II, contract 013001237-10. ISBN 90-393-3028-X Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Tools and techniques 11 2.1 Satellite altimetry and oceanic variability . 11 2.2 Statistical tools . 14 2.3 An example . 17 3 Translation, decay and splitting of Agulhas rings in the Atlantic Ocean 21 3.1 Introduction . 21 3.2 Data and Methods . 23 3.3 Agulhas Rings . 25 3.3.1 Ring Shedding . 25 3.3.2 Ring Paths . 25 3.3.3 Ring Decay . 28 3.4 Ring Splitting . 30 3.4.1 Vema Seamount . 30 3.4.2 Other Splitting Events . 33 3.5 Dissipating Rings . 34 3.6 Discussion and Conclusions . 36 4 Upstream control of Agulhas Ring Shedding 39 4.1 Introduction . 39 4.2 Ring Shedding and the Retroflection .
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of Deep-Sea Fisheries and Implementation of the UNGA Resolutions 61/105 and 64/72
    The impact of deep-sea fisheries and implementation of the UNGA Resolutions 61/105 and 64/72 Report of an international scientific workshop Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge Prof. Viriato Soromenho Marque and Dr. Paulo Madruga from Caloust Gulbenkian Foundation (Lisbon) for supplying the meeting facilities, together with support from the EC HERMIONE project (grant number 226354), the University of the Azores (DOP), the University of Oxford, the Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Census of Marine Life, INDEEP, and South Atlantic MAR- ECO project. The Pew Environment Group’s Campaign to Protect the Deep Sea is thanked for its support of this meeting, together with the Kaplan Fund, the Crinoids at the vicinity of Saldanha Goldman Fund and the hydrothermal field, Azores SEAHMA Oak Foundation. The impact of deep-sea fisheries and implementation of the UNGA Resolutions 61/105 and 64/72 Contents Workshop participants 2 The impact of deep-sea fisheries and implementation List of acronyms 2 of the UNGA Resolutions Executive summary 3 61/105 and 64/72 Report of an international scientific workshop Introduction 4 Impact assessments 9 Identifying VMEs 14 Sustainability of deep-sea fish stocks and bycatch species 18 The move-on rule 22 Monitoring, control and surveillance 37 – NIWA References 34 EAM S EN Annex 1 40 C Cover photo: This image shows the Annex 2 40 summit of a seamount on the Macquarie Ridge, south of New Zealand, with Annex 3 41 a variety of sponges and primnoid Annex 4 – questionnaire 44 corals that completely cover the seafloor. Seamounts can host dense concentrations of benthic invertebrates.
    [Show full text]
  • The Seamounts of the Gorringe Bank the Seamounts of the Gorringe Bank the Seamounts of the Gorringe Bank
    THE SEAMOUNTS OF THE GORRINGE BANK THE SEAMOUNTS OF THE GORRINGE BANK THE SEAMOUNTS OF THE GORRINGE BANK Introduction 4 •Oceana expedition and studies 6 •Geographical location 7 1 Geology 8 •Geomorphology, topography and petrology 8 •Seismic activity and tsunamis 12 2 Oceanography 17 •Currents and seamounts 17 •The Mediterranean influence 20 oMeddies 21 •The Atlantic influence 22 •Oxygen levels 23 3 Biology 24 •Endemisms and Biodiversity 27 •List of species 31 •Peculiarities of some of the species on the Gorringe Bank 35 oDescription of the ecosystem observed 36 4 Threats to the biodiversity of Gorringe: fishing 41 5 Conclusions and proposals 46 GLOSSARY 50 BIBLIOGRAPHY 58 3 LAS MONTAÑAS SUBMARINAS DE GORRINGE Introduction A seamount is regarded as a geological elevation that reaches a minimum of 1,000 metres in height and can consist of very different physical, geological and chemical pro- perties. Therefore, seamounts can only exist where there are sea beds more than one kilo- metre deep, or, which is one and the same thing, over 60%–62% of the land surface1. There are also thousands of smaller elevations that tend to be known as abyssal hills (when they are less than 500 metres) or mounds (between 500 and 1,000 metres). Whether in isolation or as part of extensive ranges, there are possibly more than 100,000 sea- mounts around the world2. At present, close to 30,000 of them have been identified, of which around 1,000 can be found in the Atlantic Ocean3, where in addition the largest range in the world can be found; the Mid–Atlantic Ridge, which stretches from Iceland to the Antarctic.
    [Show full text]