Supplementary Appendices S1 to accompany

L. P. Shoo et al. Reclaiming degraded rainforest: a spatial evaluation of gains and losses in subtropical eastern to inform future investment in restoration.

Table S1: Regional ecosystems descriptions (www.derm.qld.gov.au) adapted with data from McDonald et al. (1999). RE = Regional ecosystem; BVG = Broad Vegetation Group; RF = Rainforest Group.

RE BVG RF Geological unit Lithology Typical community Group Landform 12.3.1 4b A Quaternary alluvium Recently transported Plains Complex to simple notophyll vine forest. material Waterhousea floribunda is predominant fringing stream channels. Other can include hypospodia, C. obovata, C. triplinervis, Argyrodendron trifoliolatum, Ficus coronata, F. fraseri, F. macrophylla forma macrophylla, Aphananthe philippinensis, Elaeocarpus grandis, robusta, Castanospermum australe and Syzygium francisii. Ficus racemosa and Nauclea orientalis in north of bioregion. Eucalyptus spp. emergents (e.g. E. grandis) and Araucaria cunninghamii; less commonly Agathis robusta may also be present. 12.8.3 2a B Cainozoic igneous rock Basalt, trachyte, rhyolite Low hills and Complex notophyll vine forest. Characteristic uplands species include Argyrodendron trifoliolatum, Argyrodendron sp. (Kin Kin W.D.Francis AQ81198), Olea paniculata, Castanospermum australe, Cryptocarya obovata, forma macrophylla, Syzygium francisii, , Pseudoweinmannia lachnocarpa, Podocarpus elatus, Beilschmiedia obtusifolia, Neolitsea dealbata and Archontophoenix cunninghamiana. 12.8.4 2a B Cainozoic igneous rock Basalt, trachyte, rhyolite Low hills and Complex notophyll vine forest with scattered

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uplands Araucaria bidwillii and A. cunninghamii. Characteristic species include Argyrodendron actinophyllum, Baloghia inophylla, Brachychiton acerifolius, Dendrocnide excelsa, Elaeocarpus kirtonii, Diospyros pentamera, Dysoxylum fraserianum, Toona ciliata, excelsus and woollsii. 12.8.5 6a A Cainozoic igneous rock Basalt, trachyte, rhyolite Low hills and Complex notophyll vine forest. Characteristic uplands species include Argyrodendron actinophyllum, Sloanea australis, S. woollsii, Cryptocarya erythroxylon, Ficus watkinsiana, Dysoxylum fraserianum, Caldcluvia paniculosa, Geissois benthamii, , Acmena ingens, Syzygium corynanthum, S. crebrinerve and Citronella moorei. 12.8.6 6a A Cainozoic igneous rock Basalt, trachyte, rhyolite Low hills and Simple microphyll fern forest with Nothofagus uplands moorei and/or sassafras, Caldcluvia paniculosa, Orites excelsus. 12.8.13 5a D Cainozoic igneous rock Basalt, trachyte, rhyolite Low hills and Microphyll and microphyll/notophyll vine forest uplands +/- Araucaria cunninghamii. Characteristic species include Araucaria cunninghamii, A. bidwillii, Cupaniopsis parvifolia, Dendrocnide photinophylla, Rhodosphaera rhodanthema, Flindersia australis, F. schottiana, F. xanthoxyla, Drypetes deplanchei, Olea paniculata, Diospyros geminata, Gossia bidwillii, Excoecaria dallachyana, Pleiogynium timorense (north of bioregion) and Vitex lignum-vitae. Argyrodendron trifoliolatum sometimes present especially in subregion 6. 12.8.18 6a A Cainozoic igneous rock Basalt, trachyte, rhyolite Low hills and Simple notophyll vine forest, generally with uplands apetalum and Lophostemon confertus. Other characteristic species include Caldcluvia paniculosa, Geissois benthamii and Orites excelsus. 12.9- 5a D Consolidated fine, medium Siltstones, mudstones, Plains, low hills, Microphyll to notophyll vine forest +/- 10.16 and coarse, textured shales, calcareous plateaus, scarps Araucaria cunninghamii. Characteristic species sediments, mostly of sediments and lithic, include Argyrodendron sp. (Kin Kin W.D.Francis

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Cretaceous, Jurassic, Triassic sandstones, siliceous, AQ81198), Araucaria cunninghamii, Agathis age, but including Tertiary, sandstones and robusta, Backhousia myrtifolia, Cupaniopsis sedimentary rocks conglomerates parvifolia, Dendrocnide photinophylla, Rhodosphaera rhodanthema, Flindersia australis, F. xanthoxyla, Drypetes deplanchei, Olea paniculata, Diospyros geminata, Gossia bidwillii, Excoecaria dallachyana and Vitex lignum-vitae. 12.11.1 4a C Permian to Devonian- Mudstone, siltstone, Ranges, hills, Evergreen notophyll vine forest and/or Carboniferous, sedimentary shale, phyllite, low hills Lophostemon confertus closed forest. rocks with varying degrees of serpentinite Archontophoenix cunninghamiana often metamorphism and folding present in gully floors. The plant families and often with interbedded , Myrtaceae and are volcanics. Includes minor characteristic of the type. areas of serpentinite 12.11.10 2a B Permian to Devonian- Mudstone, siltstone, Ranges, hills, Notophyll and notophyll/microphyll vine forest Carboniferous, sedimentary shale, phyllite, low hills +/- Araucaria cunninghamii. Characteristic rocks with varying degrees of serpentinite species include Argyrodendron trifoliolatum, metamorphism and folding Argyrodendron sp. (Kin Kin W.D.Francis and often with interbedded AQ81198), Choricarpia subargentea, Dissiliaria volcanics. Includes minor baloghioides, Brachychiton discolor, areas of serpentinite Beilschmiedia obtusifolia, Diospyros pentamera, , and Ficus macrophylla forma macrophylla. 12.11.11 5a D Permian to Devonian- Mudstone, siltstone, Ranges, hills, Microphyll vine forest +/- Araucaria Carboniferous, sedimentary shale, phyllite, low hills cunninghamii. Characteristic species include rocks with varying degrees of serpentinite Araucaria cunninghamii, Cupaniopsis parvifolia, metamorphism and folding Dendrocnide photinophylla, Rhodosphaera and often with interbedded rhodanthema, Flindersia australis, F. volcanics. Includes minor xanthoxyla, Drypetes deplanchei, Olea areas of serpentinite paniculata, Diospyros geminata, Gossia bidwillii, Excoecaria dallachyana and Vitex lignum-vitae. 12.12.13 2a D Mesozoic to Proterozoic Granites, granodiorites, Ranges, hills, Microphyll and microphyll/notophyll vine forest igneous rocks predominantly andesites and rhyolites, lowlands +/- Araucaria cunninghamii. Characteristic granitoids and intermediate with minor areas of basic species include Argyrodendron trifoliolatum, to acid volcanics often with rock types Argyrodendron sp. (Kin Kin W.D.Francis interbedded sediments AQ81198), Dendrocnide photinophylla, Diospyros geminata, Drypetes deplanchei, Ficus

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virens, Cryptocarya bidwillii, Planchonella myrsinifolia, Vitex lignum-vitae, Hernandia bivalvis, Croton acronychioides, Flindersia spp. Olea paniculata, Excoecaria dallachyana, Gossia bidwillii and on northern half of bioregion Vitex acuminata, Archidendropsis thozetiana, Pleiogynium timorense and Cupaniopsis simulata. 12.12.16 2a B Mesozoic to Proterozoic Granites, granodiorites, Ranges, hills, Notophyll vine forest. Characteristic species igneous rocks predominantly andesites and rhyolites, lowlands include Araucaria bidwillii, A. cunninghamii, granitoids and intermediate with minor areas of basic Argyrodendron trifoliolatum, Argyrodendron sp. to acid volcanics often with rock types (Kin Kin W.D.Francis AQ81198), Choricarpia interbedded sediments subargentea, Brachychiton discolor, Beilschmiedia obtusifolia, Diospyros pentamera, Grevillea robusta, Gmelina leichhardtii, Ficus macrophylla forma macrophylla and . Eucalyptus spp. especially E. siderophloia, E. propinqua and E. grandis may be present as emergents.

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Figure S1: Decadal change in the extent of non-remnant woody vegetation for the analysis region (Total) and on a local area basis. We differentiate between area estimates for all non-remnant woody vegetation (black line) and non-remnant woody vegetation that was present at the beginning of the analysis period (grey line). The difference between these values indicates the level of spatial turnover in the distribution of recovering vegetation. The full extent of historical land clearing and land covered in woody vegetation at the start of the analysis period is also indicated (dotted and dashed lines respectively).

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Supplementary literature cited

McDonald, W. J. F., P. A. R. Young, and M. A. Watson 1999. Distribution and status of the rainforest communities of south-east Queensland. Pages 28-46 in B. Boyes, editor. Rainforest Recovery for the New Millenium. Proceedings of the World Wide Fund for Nature 1998 South- East Queensland Rainforest Recovery Conference. WWF, Sydney.

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