Systematic Botany (2006), 31(1): pp. 42±60 q Copyright 2006 by the American Society of Plant Taxonomists Phylogenetic Relationships and Biogeography within the Eurasian Clade of Amaryllidaceae Based on Plastid ndhF and nrDNA ITS Sequences: Lineage Sorting in a Reticulate Area? ALAN W. M EEROW,1,3,4 JAVIER FRANCISCO-ORTEGA,2,3 DAVID N. KUHN,2 and RAYMOND J. SCHNELL1 1USDA-ARS-SHRS, National Germplasm Repository, 13601 Old Cutler Road, Miami, Florida, 33158; 2Florida International University, Department of Biological Sciences, Miami, Florida 33199; 3Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, 11935 Old Cutler Road, Miami, Florida 33156 4Author for correspondence (
[email protected]) Communicating Editor: Sara B. Hoot ABSTRACT. The monophyletic Eurasian clade of Amaryllidaceae was analyzed using plastid ndhF and rDNA ITS se- quences for 33 and 29 taxa, respectively; all genera were represented by at least one species. Both maximum parsimony and Bayesian analysis were used on each data set and the combined data. Both sequence matrices resolve the Central and East Asian tribe Lycorideae as sister to the Mediterranean-centered genera of the clade, and recognize two large subclades within the greater Mediterranean region: Galantheae, consisting of Acis, Galanthus and Leucojum; and Narcisseae (Narcissus and Sternbergia)/Pancratium. However, there are areas of incongruence between the ndhF and ITS trees. When three predominantly monotypic genera, Hannonia, Lapiedra,andVagaria, centered in North Africa, are removed from the alignments, the two sequence matrices produce fully congruent topologies with increased support at many of the nodes, with ILD between partitions rising from P 5 0.07 to 0.96. We hypothesize that lineage sorting took place after the divergence of Galantheae and Narcisseae/Pancratium from a common genepool with Hannonia, Lapiedra,andVagaria retaining a mosaic of the ancestral haplotypes.