This is a reproduction of a library book that was digitized by Google as part of an ongoing effort to preserve the information in books and make it universally accessible. https://books.google.com LIBRARY OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM JAMAICA PLAIN HARVARD UNIVERSITY 1. , * I -ll V AMARYLLIDACE^ ; PRECEDED BY AN ATTEMPT TO ARRANGE THE MONOCOTYLEDONOUS ORDERS, AND FOLLOWED BY A TREATISE ON CROSS-BRED VEGETABLES, AND SUPPLEMENT. BY THE HON. AND REV. WILLIAM HERBERT. " Flore? hujus generis exiinii sunt ; nescio num secundam parem babeat; hinc Bella; donnie die tic plures. Bella donna Virgilii. Amaryllis dicta, nomine transiit in proverbiom de omni grato.'' — Lirm de Amaryllide, Hort. Cliff. p. 186. WITH FORTY-EIGHT PLATES. LONDON : JAMES RIDGWAY AND SONS, PICCADILLY. MDCCCXXXVII. rf lino Mtf~ fa TO HIS MAJESTY LEOPOLD, KING OF THE BELGIANS. Sir, My recollection of many interesting conversations with your Majesty on botanical and horticultural topics assures me, that the subject of this work, however inadequately treated, will not fail to be interesting to your Majesty, not withstanding the important occupations of your present ex alted station. I am induced by a sense of the unvarying kindness shewn to me by your Majesty, while resident in this country, to inscribe this volume, with your gracious per mission, to your Majesty, and to subscribe myself respectfully, with every wish for the prosperity of your Majesty and your kingdom, Your Majesty's Most grateful And obedient humble Servant, WILLIAM HERBERT. Spojforth, December 26, 1836. ADVERTISEMENT. The receipt of a fresh supply of valuable specimens, for which I am indebted to Sir W. Hooker, after the printing of the body of this work had been completed, has enabled me to add amongst the supplemental observations the description of several fine plants before unknown. The supplemental articles have been arranged in alphabetical order, as the most conve nient for reference, and it will be apparent what place each ad ditional plant should occupy in the consecutive arrangement. The reader is particularly requested to refer from Alstrcemeria, Bomarea, Crinum, Habranthus, Haemanthus, Hermione, Hip- peastrum, Oporanthus, and Sternebergia to the Supplement. From each of the magnificent umbels of additional species of Bomarea, I could only afford space to represent a single flower and leaf, which will be sufficient to facilitate their identification. The publisher having been desirous of offering some copies to the public with coloured plates, it must be understood that, where no live specimen has been seen in this country, and no precise memorandum of the colours has been given by the collector, the plates could only be made to represent the existing tints of the dry specimens, which are in many cases very fallacious. Those who have been accus tomed to examine dry specimens, will however be able to form a better judgment by seeing what the existing colours are. It is my intention, as opportunities may occur, to prepare memoranda for rectifying and supplying the deficiencies of this work, and any communications relating to it, if left for me free of expense at the publishers, will be attended to thankfully. Any dry specimens, seeds, or roots, of newly introduced Amaryllidaceous plants, especially from the b vi ADVERTISEMENT. Western hemisphere, will be gratefully received. Crinum Forbesianum, Amar. grandiflora, Brunsv. striata, minor, ra- dula, Nerine marginata, Strumaria, Hessea, Imhofia, Carpo- lyza, and Pane. Canariense amongst the African, Sterneber- gia, Erinosma (Leucojum) Carpathicum, Lapiedra, Vagaria, Tapeinanthus, Hermione elegans, serotina, Queltia juncifolia, pumila, pusilla, Ganymedes cernuus (triandrus), capax, and reflexus, seed of Q. foetida, odora, montana, Maclaeana, are more particularly wanting to me amongst the species of the Old World. The reference to the figures of Pancratium Cambayense and longiflorum, pl. 42, is omitted by accident, p. 207-8, but is marked in the index. The Glossary, for the use of un learned readers, will be found at p. 417. I have not thought it adviseable to load this work with voluminous quotations and references to old works, which the reader would probably not be desirous of consulting. It will be understood that, where I have not expressed the contrary, I mean to assent to the synonyms and references given by the modern writers who have treated of the several plants de scribed, especially Reaumer and Schultes, and the editors of the Bot. Mag. and Reg. It has been suggested to me to extend my labours to Iri- daceae, and perhaps to Liliaceae, and ultimately embrace the whole hexapetaloid portion of agynandrous exspadiceous plants. I doubt whether I shall have sufficient leisure, and it remains to be seen whether the reception of this work will encourage the publisher, who has liberally promoted it, to any further undertaking; and indeed, whether I can obtain access to the plants it would be necessary to investigate ; but, if those who may possess them will assist me in that respect, I am not indisposed to make preparations for the accomplish ment of such a work. WILLIAM HERBERT. Spofforth, Dec. 1836. º ERRATA. P. 25, 1.7, for and hexandrous, read and hy P. 182, l. 8, for Caribbea read Caribea. pogynous. — 207, l.26, after Hove. insert Pl.42. f. 1. — 27, l. 28, for trian-, read pentan-. —208, l. 21, after Banks, insert Pl. 42. f. 2. — 39, l. 2, for Amaryllidaceous, read Ama — 212, for Caribaea read Caribea. ryllidean. – 215 and 239, for Distychum read Dis. — 52, l. 16, for Juncagineae read Juncagina tichum. ceae. — 267, last line, for Mr. read Dr. — 52, 1.31, Orchidaceae should be in Italics. — 281, l. 13, for Radulosa read Burchel — 54, l. 2, for subsequalia, read subaequalia. liana. — 59, place f one-flowered, after seeds tes – 299, J. 29, for but before read bud before. taceous. — 300, l. 15, for cup read tube. — 61, for $4 read $5. — 300, I. 30, for about 1; long read about — 67, for operculosae read operculatae. 1; long. — 71, char. of Habranthus, for fasciculata — 306, i. 1, in character of Ganymedes, for read semifasciculata. apicem versus vix read non. —for $ 4. read $5. — 308, 1.31;for + read 13. — Recumbens, for fig. 1. read fig. 2. — 310, last line, for 133 read 123. – 119, l. 37, for 3–3. read 2–3. — 318, for Verbanensis read Verbanus. — 122, l. 18, for 23 read 33. — 335, l.2, for appears read appear. — 163, last line, for ochroleuca read chloro — 382, l. 25, for Agaveae read Agaviformes. leuca. — 399, last line, for 5 read 4. Shortly mill be published, A T T I L A, BY THE HON. AND REV. W. HERBERT. CONTAINING 1. Attila, or the Triumph of Christianity: a poem. 2. Attila and his Predecessors : an historical treatise. EXPLANATION OF TERMS. As these pages are intended for the use and assistance of the unlearned cultivator, as well as for the edification of the scientific, I wish to premise a few words concerning some terms which will be used in them. It has been justly con sidered that, in plants which, like the Amaryllideae, have no calyx, the outer divisions or segments of the flower stand in lieu of calyx, and the inner of corolla, and such a flower is called a perianth, the outer or calycine segments sepals, the inner or corolline segments petals. The number of filaments being equal to those segments at or below the base of which they are usually inserted, I propose to call those which belong to the outer segments the sepaline filaments, and those which belong to the inner the petaline filaments. I find a great laxity in the language of botanists in defining flowers which have a tubular appearance, though perhaps no tube at all, which they call indiscriminately tubular, tubulosi, so that it cannot be ascertained from their definitions whether the peri anth is really tubular or divided to the base. I propose to rectify this by the following appropriation of distinct terms; tubatus, tubed or having a tube, whether long or short ; tubu- losus, long-tubed ; tubiformis, tube-shaped, or having the sem blance of a tube ; tubaeformis, trumpet-shaped : and I hope that such a necessary distinction may be observed in all fu ture definitions. I find also that it is not possible from the definitions of any botanist to ascertain with certainty whether a perianth is really divided or not, as they are in the habit of calling flowers trifid or six-cleft, tripartite or sexpartite, of which the segments are connected at the base ; I shall call the perianth sexpartite where the segments are unconnected, deeply B 2 EXPLANATION OF TERMS. cleft where there is an annular union, and I consider a mere annular union of the base to be scarcely a tube. In plants which are only known to me by the description of others, I cannot ascertain the fact, in consequence of the laxity of their expressions. Latin adjectives in osus always signify an excess of the quality; such words have been greatly misapplied by botanists, and I erred in naming a plant in the Botanical Re gister Pharium fistulosum, which must be called P. fistulatum, for fistulosum really means either full of pores like a sponge, or having one enormous pore. I shall use such words strictly, ex. gr. Spadicosus having a large spadix ; spadiceus or spa- dicatus having a spadix. Dr. Lindley has unfortunately made an extensive use of the termination osus, which it is very necessary to rectify. The termination inns may be conveniently substituted to answer his purpose; but the subversion of latinity by the misuse of a termination which has a decided meaning is very objectionable. We are forced to create mon grel Latin to express what the Romans never thought of ex pressing, but we should write correct Latin where we can ; on which account I protest against the use, too frequent amongst botanists, of Mis and eis for those with a genitive following, as semina illis Amaryllidis conformis instead of semina Ama- ryllidi conformis or conformia.