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Chapter 1-The European Discovery of Wilsons Promontory.Ai Chapter 1: The European Discovery of Wilsons Promontory he European history of Wilsons Promontory began Many of them lived and died in the vicinity of Corner on the morning of 2nd January, 1798. Inlet and Shallow Inlet. T On that date George Bass and his six The days spent by Bass’s party in Sealers Cove were companions, on their famous whaleboat expedition occupied in modest inland exploration and in salting from Port Jackson to Western Port, sighted the ‘high, down mutton birds and seal meat. Bass himself was hummocky land’ which was considered to be that impressed with the place as a base from which a described by Tobias Furneaux who, in the Adventure, vigorous sealing industry could operate. The mainland had become separated from Cook during the great coast and adjacent islands harboured countless seals Second Voyage in 1773. Surely it could be nothing other and sea birds, a resource which was, in fact, thoroughly than the eastward aspect of Furneaux Land! exploited during the following decade. Bass and Flinders On the return journey from Western Port easterly are said to have taken 6000 seal skins and many tons of gales forced them to shelter in a small, quiet bay which oil from the Bass Strait colonies. By 1804 ten ships and Bass named Sealers Cove. His use of the appellation 180 men were known to be operating in the area and, by 1810, almost a quarter of a million seal skins had ‘Sealers’ rather than ‘Seal’ suggests that, perhaps, Bass was not the first mariner to have entered the Cove. Was George Bass’s map showing Western Port, Wilsons Promon- it so named because he recognised it as a place suited tory and Sealers Cove, 1797-98. to the needs of a future sealing industry or because he Photo courtesy Historic Places, Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria had seen some evidence that sealers already knew the place? been taken. Another ten years saw what was practically Van Diemens Land sealers and Yankee whalers the end of a very lucrative industry in those favoured were, even at that time, busy in the waters of the waters. Few seals remained! Southern Ocean and had bases in Van Diemen’s The passing of more than a century and a half, during Land. The east coast of this promontory was almost which time sealing has been more or less controlled, certainly known to some seafarers—sealers among has seen the very gradual re-establishment of seal them—but their interests would have been centred colonies in places where they once thrived, although on matters other than marine and land surveying and the present populations are but a small fraction of the such official activities. In his account of the voyage number slaughtered in the heyday of the industry. The Bass gives no indication of the surprise the party must pots and other appurtenances which once decorated have experienced at the sight of smoke signals from Sealers Cove and Refuge Cove have long since vanished one of the islands off the south-west coast of the either by decay or by submergence beneath sand and Promontory—an island now presumed to be one of water. the Glennies, near Oberon Bay. Investigation revealed From Sealers Cove Bass continued on to Corner seven of what had been a larger party of convicts Inlet where he was again obliged to shelter for several who, in a stolen whaleboat, had escaped from Port days. The enforced interruption to their progress gave Jackson. For reasons now unknown, the seven men had the party an opportunity for some further exploration been marooned, were taken aboard by Bass while the in that sector of the Promontory. It was while cruising remaining five were ferried across to the mainland and in Corner Inlet the voyagers once more saw the five put ashore somewhere on the west coast—possibly at convicts. some point along the shore of Waratah Bay—furnished with a few essentials for survival and left to find their After leaving the Inlet the party put into Wingan Inlet own way to civilisation. It seems that, on the homeward to search, without success, for the anchor lost there journey, Bass’s party saw the five in the vicinity of during the outward journey. They then made their way Corner Inlet and this might be taken to indicate that to Port Jackson which was reached on 25th February, twelve weeks after the commencement of the heroic the group was heading in the right direction. Sydney voyage. Cove was the only settlement then in existence on the continent. They were not seen again by Europeans. Subsequent consideration must have convinced Bass that the land he had rounded was not Furneaux Land. The exposure of human bones in the sandhills of The matter was resolved later in the year when he Yanakie some years ago caused speculation about their and Flinders circumnavigated Van Diemen’s Land and origin and it was suggested that they may have been charted the Furneaux group of islands. Governor Hunter the remains of one or more of this unhappy band of adopted the joint recommendation of Flinders and Bass castaway convicts. Since Bass is understood to have that the ‘high, hummocky land’ be known as Wilson’s seen them on the eastern side of Corner Inlet it is highly Promontory—in honour of Thomas Wilson. Wilson is unlikely that they would have back-tracked across the generally referred to as ‘a London merchant and friend isthmus. Doubtless they were the bones of Aborigines. 14 A History of Wilsons Promontory Photo courtesy Historic Places, Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria and Environment, of Sustainability Places, Department Historic courtesy Photo Matthew Flinders’ map of the Victorian coast from Port Phillip to Wilson’s Promontory, c.1800. of Flinders’, but, in the absence of any amplification, The Thos. Wilson mentioned by your this seems an inadequate reason for him being thus correspondent, Mr.Watson, was a near relative commemorated. Another and less well-known legend and close friend of the Flinders family and he was has it that he was the tutor of Bass during the latter’s the father of Lieut. Wm. Wilson who stood on the student days after he had served his apprenticeship to rock. My father, who was the eldest son of Lieut. an apothecary, Dr Francis of Boston. It may well have Wilson, and my mother were born very early in been that he was indeed a friend of Flinders, too. the last century at Kissing Point and King street, There is still another story about the origin of the Sydney respectively. Wm. Wilson brought some name—one which is perfectly reasonable. In the Sydney pine trees from Norfolk Island which were planted Morning Herald of 28-10-1922 the following letter to on land near ‘Tin Can’ Corner of Phillip and Brady the editor appeared: Streets and a few transplanted to the Botanic Gardens. Mrs Mary Graham was a daughter of William Wilson, who died during the 1840s. On 12-10- Jas.A.Wilson 1922 (in a letter to the editor) James H Watson Vaucluse. denied that Lieut. Wm. Wilson had anything to do The following quotation from J. H. Heaton’s with it [the naming of the Promontory] at all or, I Australian Dictionary of Dates and Men of the Times suppose, was even present. (Sydney, 1879) tends to enhance the likelihood of J. A. In the vicinity of The Bluff, Captain Flinders, Wilson’s story being true: William Wilson and another, put off from H.M.S. Mr William Wilson was an officer on board Reliance in the captain’s dinghy and, no beach H.M.S. Reliance, Captain Flinders, of which Mr being seen, Wm. Wilson jumped on to a rock Bass was surgeon. After passing through Bass’s (losing a shoe)—all sailors wore shoes. Captain Strait, so called after the doctor, they sighted Flinders wrote in his pocket book “We shall now the headland and left the ship in the cockboat name this land Wilsons Promontory”, and tore the in charge of Mr Wilson. As they got to the small leaf out of the book and handed it to Wm. Wilson beach on the north side he jumped ashore first, who put it in his pocket while on the rock. the point where he landed being thenceforth Chapter 1: The European Discovery of Wilsons Promontory 15 chapter 1 Site of Biddy’s Camp (Singapore Peninsula, north-east corner of Wilsons Promontory) from the sea. Photo courtesy Historic Places, Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria called Wilson’s “Promontory”. Mr Wilson was the from Refuge Cove and Waterloo Bay to Shallow Inlet. first who planted the Norfolk Island pine in New Six years later G.D. Smythe contracted to survey from South Wales … His son was the first man who left Corner Inlet to Cape Wellington. In the 1860s Cox and New South Wales to import draught horses from Wilkinson carried out further soundings in the same England (1798). area and in 1869 and 1870 Navigating Lieut. H.J. Stanley, This present writer has sought but failed to find any R.N., officer in charge of the admiralty and Colonial official document issued by Governor Hunter wherein Marine Survey, undertook an important and detailed he expresses specific approval of the Flinders-Bass survey of coastal features at Port Albert, Corner Inlet recommendation that the landmark be named ‘Wilson’s and the Promontory. Promontory’ in honour of Thomas Wilson or, indeed, Although the Promontory shoreline was well defined any other Wilson.
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