DOCSLIB.ORG

Russia Background

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Russia Background The World Factbook Central Asia :: Russia Introduction :: Russia Background: Founded in the 12th century, the Principality of Muscovy, was able to emerge from over 200 years of Mongol domination (13th-15th centuries) and to gradually conquer and absorb surrounding principalities. In the early 17th century, a new Romanov Dynasty continued this policy of expansion across Siberia to the Pacific. Under PETER I (ruled 1682-1725), hegemony was extended to the Baltic Sea and the country was renamed the Russian Empire. During the 19th century, more territorial acquisitions were made in Europe and Asia. Defeat in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05 contributed to the Revolution of 1905, which resulted in the formation of a parliament and other reforms. Repeated devastating defeats of the Russian army in World War I led to widespread rioting in the major cities of the Russian Empire and to the overthrow in 1917 of the imperial household. The communists under Vladimir LENIN seized power soon after and formed the USSR. The brutal rule of Iosif STALIN (1928-53) strengthened communist rule and Russian dominance of the Soviet Union at a cost of tens of millions of lives. The Soviet economy and society stagnated in the following decades until General Secretary Mikhail GORBACHEV (1985-91) introduced glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in an attempt to modernize communism, but his initiatives inadvertently released forces that by December 1991 splintered the USSR into Russia and 14 other independent republics. Since then, Russia has shifted its post-Soviet democratic ambitions in favor of a centralized semi-authoritarian state in which the leadership seeks to legitimize its rule through managed national elections, populist appeals by President PUTIN, and continued economic growth. Russia has severely disabled a Chechen rebel movement, although violence still occurs throughout the North Caucasus. Geography :: Russia Location: North Asia bordering the Arctic Ocean, extending from Europe (the portion west of the Urals) to the North Pacific Ocean Geographic coordinates: 60 00 N, 100 00 E Map references: Asia Area: total: 17,098,242 sq km country comparison to the world: 1 land: 16,377,742 sq km water: 720,500 sq km Area - comparative: approximately 1.8 times the size of the US Land boundaries: total: 20,241.5 km border countries: Azerbaijan 284 km, Belarus 959 km, China (southeast) 3,605 km, China (south) 40 km, Estonia 290 km, Finland 1,313 km, Georgia 723 km, Kazakhstan 6,846 km, North Korea 17.5 km, Latvia 292 km, Lithuania (Kaliningrad Oblast) 227 km, Mongolia 3,441 km, Norway 196 km, Poland (Kaliningrad Oblast) 432 km, Ukraine 1,576 km Coastline: 37,653 km Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 m depth or to the depth of exploitation Climate: ranges from steppes in the south through humid continental in much of European Russia; subarctic in Siberia to tundra climate in the polar north; winters vary from cool along Black Sea coast to frigid in Siberia; summers vary from warm in the steppes to cool along Arctic coast Terrain: broad plain with low hills west of Urals; vast coniferous forest and tundra in Siberia; uplands and mountains along southern border regions Elevation extremes: lowest point: Caspian Sea -28 m highest point: Gora El'brus 5,633 m (highest point in Europe) Natural resources: wide natural resource base including major deposits of oil, natural gas, coal, and many strategic minerals, reserves of rare earth elements, timber note: formidable obstacles of climate, terrain, and distance hinder exploitation of natural resources Land use: arable land: 7.11% permanent crops: 0.1% other: 92.79% (2011) Irrigated land: 43,460 sq km (2008) Total renewable water resources: 4,508 cu km (2011) Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural): total: 66.2 cu km/yr (20%/60%/20%) per capita: 454.9 cu m/yr (2001) Natural hazards: permafrost over much of Siberia is a major impediment to development; volcanic activity in the Kuril Islands; volcanoes and earthquakes on the Kamchatka Peninsula; spring floods and summer/autumn forest fires throughout Siberia and parts of European Russia volcanism: significant volcanic activity on the Kamchatka Peninsula and Kuril Islands; the peninsula alone is home to some 29 historically active volcanoes, with dozens more in the Kuril Islands; Kliuchevskoi (elev. 4,835 m), which erupted in 2007 and 2010, is Kamchatka's most active volcano; Avachinsky and Koryaksky volcanoes, which pose a threat to the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy, have been deemed Decade Volcanoes by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to their explosive history and close proximity to human populations; other notable historically active volcanoes include Bezymianny, Chikurachki, Ebeko, Gorely, Grozny, Karymsky, Ketoi, Kronotsky, Ksudach, Medvezhia, Mutnovsky, Sarychev Peak, Shiveluch, Tiatia, Tolbachik, and Zheltovsky Environment - current issues: air pollution from heavy industry, emissions of coal-fired electric plants, and transportation in major cities; industrial, municipal, and agricultural pollution of inland waterways and seacoasts; deforestation; soil erosion; soil contamination from improper application of agricultural chemicals; scattered areas of sometimes intense radioactive contamination; groundwater contamination from toxic waste; urban solid waste management; abandoned stocks of obsolete pesticides Environment - international agreements: party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Sulfur 94 Geography - note: largest country in the world in terms of area but unfavorably located in relation to major sea lanes of the world; despite its size, much of the country lacks proper soils and climates (either too cold or too dry) for agriculture; Mount El'brus is Europe's tallest peak; Lake Baikal, the deepest lake in the world, is estimated to hold one fifth of the world's fresh water People and Society :: Russia Nationality: noun: Russian(s) adjective: Russian Ethnic groups: Russian 77.7%, Tatar 3.7%, Ukrainian 1.4%, Bashkir 1.1%, Chuvash 1%, Chechen 1%, other 10.2%, unspecified 3.9% (2010 est.) Languages: Russian (official) 96.3%, Dolgang 5.3%, German 1.5%, Chechen 1%, Tatar 3%, other 10.3% note: shares sum to more than 100% because some respondents gave more than one answer on the census (2010 est.) Religions: Russian Orthodox 15-20%, Muslim 10-15%, other Christian 2% (2006 est.) note: estimates are of practicing worshipers; Russia has large populations of non-practicing believers and non-believers, a legacy of over seven decades of Soviet rule Population: 142,470,272 (July 2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 10 Age structure: 0-14 years: 16.4% (male 11,980,138/female 11,344,818) 15-24 years: 10.7% (male 7,828,947/female 7,482,143) 25-54 years: 45.8% (male 31,928,886/female 33,319,671) 55-64 years: 13.3% (male 8,408,637/female 11,287,153) 65 years and over: 13.1% (male 5,783,983/female 13,105,896) (2014 est.) Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: 40.5 % youth dependency ratio: 22.2 % elderly dependency ratio: 18.3 % potential support ratio: 5.5 (2013) Median age: total: 38.9 years male: 36 years female: 41.9 years (2014 est.) Population growth rate: -0.03% (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 200 Birth rate: 11.87 births/1,000 population (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 168 Death rate: 13.83 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 10 Net migration rate: 1.69 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 52 Urbanization: urban population: 73.8% of total population (2011) rate of urbanization: 0.13% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.) Major urban areas - population: MOSCOW (capital) 10.523 million; Saint Petersburg 4.575 million; Novosibirsk 1.397 million; Yekaterinburg 1.344 million; Nizhniy Novgorod 1.267 million (2009) Sex ratio: at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.86 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.44 male(s)/female total population: 0.86 male(s)/female (2014 est.) Maternal mortality rate: 34 deaths/100,000 live births (2010) country comparison to the world: 119 Infant mortality rate: total: 7.08 deaths/1,000 live births country comparison to the world: 160 male: 7.93 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 70.16 years country comparison to the world: 151 male: 64.37 years female: 76.3 years (2014 est.) Total fertility rate: 1.61 children born/woman (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 179 Contraceptive prevalence rate: 79.5% note: percent of women under age 50 (2007) Health expenditures: 6.2% of GDP (2011) country comparison to the world: 103 Physicians density: 4.31 physicians/1,000 population (2006) Hospital bed density: 9.7 beds/1,000 population (2006) Drinking water source: improved: urban: 98.7% of population rural: 92.2% of population total: 97%
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Conference Program
    NAL C O IO N T F A E R Eighteenth International Conference N E R N E C T E “Crimea 2011” N I « » C 1 R 1 I M E A 20 The “Crimea 2011” Conference is held within the framework of IFLA-2011 projects Libraries and Information Resources in the Modern World of Science, Culture, Education, and Business 2011 Topic: Libraries in the Second Decade of the Information Century: Developing Technologies and Enhancing Cooperation Conference Program SUDAK (Main Program) Koktebel and Simferopol (Guest Sessions) Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Ukraine June 4–12, 2011 2 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZING COMMITTEE CHAIR Yakov Shrayberg, Director General, Russian National Public Library for Science and Technol- ogy; President, International Association of Users and Developers of Electronic Libraries and New Information Technologies (ELNIT International Association), Moscow, Russia DEPUTY CHAIRS Ekaterina Genieva, Director General, M.I. Rudomino All-Russian State Library for Foreign Literature, Moscow, Russia Tatyana Manilova, Deputy Director, Division of Cultural Heritage and Fine Arts; Head, Library and Archive Department, Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia Maurice Freedman, Publisher, Consultant, ex-President, American Library Association (2002- 2003); Acting Director, Purchase Public Library, Mount Kisco, NY, USA Larisa Nikiforenko, Deputy Director, Division of Art and Regional Policy; Head, Department of Library Activity Analysis and Forecast, Ministry of Culture and Tourism of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine MEMBERS Ramazan Abdulatipov, Chairman,
    [Show full text]
  • Explosive Basaltic Volcanism of the Chikurachki Volcano (Kurile Arc
    Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 147 (2005) 203–232 www.elsevier.com/locate/jvolgeores Explosive basaltic volcanism of the Chikurachki Volcano (Kurile arc, Russia): Insights on pre-eruptive magmatic conditions and volatile budget revealed from phenocryst-hosted melt inclusions and groundmass glasses A.A. Gurenkoa,b,*, A.B. Belousovc,d, R.B. Trumbullb, A.V. Soboleva,e aMax Planck Institute for Chemistry, Geochemistry, P.O. Box 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany bGeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam, Section 4.2, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany cInstitute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, 693022 Yuzno-Sakhalinsk, Russia dInstitute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, 683006 Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia eVernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, 117975 Moscow, Russia Received 13 December 2004; accepted 6 April 2005 Abstract Highly explosive eruptions of basaltic composition are relatively rare and poorly understood, yet they may be quite important in terms of atmospheric impact because of the generally much higher concentrations of S in basaltic systems compared with the typical explosive felsic eruptions. We have determined concentrations of H2O, major, trace and volatile (S, Cl) elements by EPMA and SIMS from melt inclusions and groundmass glasses of the 1986, 1853 and prehistoric explosive eruptions of basaltic magmas from the Chikurachki volcano, northern Kurile arc. Melt inclusions are hosted by olivine (Fo72–78), orthopyroxene (mg#=72–75), clinopyroxene (mg#=71–77) and plagioclase (An74–96) phenocrysts. Estimated crystallization conditions were in the range from 910 to 1180 8C at less than 400 MPa total pressure and oxygen fugacity of NNO+1 to +2 log units. Inclusion glasses are basaltic to andesitic in composition.
    [Show full text]
  • Life Histories of Etnos Theory in Russia and Beyond
    A Life Histories of Etnos Theory NDERSON in Russia and Beyond , A , Edited by David G. Anderson, Dmitry V. Arzyutov RZYUTOV and Sergei S. Alymov The idea of etnos came into being over a hundred years ago as a way of understanding the collecti ve identi ti es of people with a common language and shared traditi ons. In AND the twenti eth century, the concept came to be associated with Soviet state-building, and it fell sharply out of favour. Yet outside the academy, etnos-style arguments not A only persist, but are a vibrant part of regional anthropological traditi ons. LYMOV Life Histories of Etnos Theory in Russia and Beyond makes a powerful argument for etnos reconsidering the importance of in our understanding of ethnicity and nati onal ( identi ty across Eurasia. The collecti on brings to life a rich archive of previously EDS unpublished lett ers, fi eldnotes, and photographic collecti ons of the theory’s early proponents. Using contemporary fi eldwork and case studies, the volume shows .) Life Histories of Etnos Theory how the ideas of these ethnographers conti nue to impact and shape identi ti es in various regional theatres from Ukraine to the Russian North to the Manchurian Life Histories of steppes of what is now China. Through writi ng a life history of these collecti vist in Russia and Beyond concepts, the contributors to this volume unveil a world where the assumpti ons of liberal individualism do not hold. In doing so, they demonstrate how noti ons of belonging are not fl eeti ng but persistent, multi -generati onal, and bio-social.
    [Show full text]
  • Venichka's Journey of Redemption in Moskva-Petushki
    Paved With Good Intentions: Venichka’s Journey of Redemption in Moskva-Petushki and its Relationship with Radishchev’s Journey from Saint Petersburg to Moscow, Milton’s Paradise Lost, and Dante’s Divine Comedy. Jill Mackenzie Martiniuk Mount Laurel, New Jersey M.A. University of Virginia, 2009 M.A. La Salle University, 2007 B.A. Emory University, 2003 A Dissertation presented to the Graduate Faculty Of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Slavic Languages & Literatures University of Virginia May 2015 © Copyright by Jill Martiniuk All Rights Reserved April 2015 Paved With Good Intentions: Venichka’s Journey of Redemption in Moskva- Petushki and its Relationship with Radishchev’s Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow, Milton’s Paradise Lost, and Dante’s Divine Comedy. JILL MARTINIUK University of Virginia, Graduate School of Arts & Science, 2015 Dissertation Advisor: Edith Clowes ABSTRACT The goal of this dissertation is to examine the theme of redemption in Venedikt Erofeev’s 1969 poema Moskva-Petushki. Moskva-Petushki is a major underground work of the late Soviet postmodern period, which narrates the physical and spiritual journey of the protagonist from Moscow to the small factory town of Petushki on an electric train. Although Moskva-Petushki is usually viewed as a satire, this dissertation takes a new approach, viewing the poema as a journey of spiritual redemption. It examines the relationship between Moskva-Petushki (translated as Moscow to the End of the Line) and other major journeys of redemption—Radishchev’s Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow, Milton’s Paradise Lost and Dante’s The Divine Comedy.
    [Show full text]
  • The 2019 Eruption Dynamics and Morphology at Ebeko Volcano Monitored by Unoccupied Aircraft Systems (UAS) and Field Stations
    remote sensing Article The 2019 Eruption Dynamics and Morphology at Ebeko Volcano Monitored by Unoccupied Aircraft Systems (UAS) and Field Stations Thomas R. Walter 1,* , Alexander Belousov 2, Marina Belousova 2, Tatiana Kotenko 2 and Andreas Auer 3 1 Department of Geophysics, GFZ Potsdam, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany 2 Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, FED RAS, 683006 Petropavlovsk, Russia; [email protected] (A.B.); [email protected] (M.B.); [email protected] (T.K.) 3 Department of Geoscience, Shimane University, Matsue 690-8504, Japan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 20 May 2020; Accepted: 16 June 2020; Published: 18 June 2020 Abstract: Vulcanian explosions are hazardous and are often spontaneous and direct observations are therefore challenging. Ebeko is an active volcano on Paramushir Island, northern Kuril Islands, showing characteristic Vulcanian-type activity. In 2019, we started a comprehensive survey using a combination of field station records and repeated unoccupied aircraft system (UAS) surveys to describe the geomorphological features of the edifice and its evolution during ongoing activity. Seismic data revealed the activity of the volcano and were complemented by monitoring cameras, showing a mean explosion interval of 34 min. Digital terrain data generated from UAS quadcopter photographs allowed for the identification of the dimensions of the craters, a structural architecture and the tephra deposition at cm-scale resolution. The UAS was equipped with a thermal camera, which in combination with the terrain data, allowed it to identify fumaroles, volcano-tectonic structures and vents and generate a catalog of 282 thermal spots. The data provide details on a nested crater complex, aligned NNE-SSW, erupting on the northern rim of the former North Crater.
    [Show full text]
  • 2002 Volcanic Activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: Summary of Events and Response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory by Christina A
    2002 Volcanic Activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: Summary of Events and Response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory by Christina A. Neal, Robert G. McGimsey, and Olga Girina Open-File Report 2004-1058 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey 2002 Volcanic Activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: Summary of Events and Response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory By Christina A. Neal1, Robert G. McGimsey1, and Olga Girina2 1Alaska Volcano Observatory, 4200 University Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508-4664 2Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team, Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, Piip Blvd, 9 Petropavlovsk- Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia AVO is a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys. AVO is funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program and the State of Alaska Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government Open-File Report 2004-1058 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction..................................................................................................................................1 Volcanic.Activity.in.Alaska..........................................................................................................4 Wrangell.Volcano.........................................................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • Sex Trafficking of Women in the United States: International and Domestic Trends
    The author(s) shown below used Federal funds provided by the U.S. Department of Justice and prepared the following final report: Document Title: Sex Trafficking of Women in the United States: International and Domestic Trends Author(s): Janice G. Raymond Ph.D., Donna M Hughes Ph.D. Document No.: 187774 Date Received: April 17, 2001 Award Number: 98-WT-VX-0032 This report has not been published by the U.S. Department of Justice. To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this Federally- funded grant final report available electronically in addition to traditional paper copies. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. SEX TRAFFICKING OF WOMEN IN THE UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC TRENDS Co- P r in ci pa I Inves t ig ato rs Janice G. Raymond, PhD University of Massachusetts, Amherst Donna M. Hughes, PhD University of Rhode Island Project Coordinator Carol J. Gomez, BA March 2001 Eate: Coalition Against Trafficking in Women This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. CONTENTS CONTENTS.......................................................................................................................................... 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 2005 Volcanic Activity in Alaska, Kamchatka, and the Kurile Islands: Summary of Events and Response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory
    The Alaska Volcano Observatory is a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys . The Alaska Volcano Observtory is funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program and the State of Alaska. 2005 Volcanic Activity in Alaska, Kamchatka, and the Kurile Islands: Summary of Events and Response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory Scientific Investigations Report 2007–5269 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover: Southeast flank of Augustine Volcano showing summit steaming, superheated fumarole jet, and ash dusting on snow. View is toward the northwest with Iniskin Bay in the distance. Photograph taken by Chris Waythomas, AVO/USGS, December 20, 2005. 2005 Volcanic Activity in Alaska, Kamchatka, and the Kurile Islands: Summary of Events and Response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory By R.G. McGimsey, C.A. Neal, J.P. Dixon, U.S. Geological Survey, and Sergey Ushakov, Institute of Volcanology and Seismology The Alaska Volcano Observatory is a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophuysical Surveys. The Alaska Volcano Observatory is funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program and the State of Alaska. Scientific Investigations Report 2007–5269 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior DIRK KEMPTHORNE, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Mark D. Myers, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2008 For product and ordering information: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Addressing HIV in the Context of Sex Work
    Strengthening of HIV/STI interventions in sex work in Ukraine and the Russian Federation INTERNATIONAL FOUNDATION EXECUTIVE REPORT OF THE CONFERENCE Addressing HIV in the Context of sex work Kyiv, Ukraine 12-14 November 2013 Strengthening of HIV/STI interventions in sex work in Ukraine and the Russian Federation This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of TAMPEP International Foundation and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union. Table of Contents Day 1 6 Day 2 37 Day 3 52 57 Action Plan 60 Annexes 60 List of Participants 63 Press Release 64 Agenda of the Conference Abbreviations AIDS Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ART Antiretroviral therapy CIS Commonwealth of Independent States CSO Civil society organisations FSW Female sex workers GO Governmental organisation HIV Human immunodeficiency virus IDUs Injecting drug users MARP Most-at-risk populations MSM Men who have sex with men NGO Non-governmental organisation PLHIV People living with HIV PLWHA People living with HIV/AIDS PWID People who inject drugs SRH Sexual and reproductive health STD Sexually transmitted disease STI Sexually transmitted infection SW Sex workers UNAIDS The joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS UNDP United Nations Development Program UNFPA United Nations Population Fund UNGASS United Nations Special Session on HIV/AIDS WHO World Health Organisation 2 The Conecta Project The European project Strengthening of HIV/STI Interventions in Sex Work in Ukraine and the Russian Federation (hereinafter Conecta) was implemented jointly by three partners: TAMPEP International Foundation | The Netherlands Humanitarian Action | The Russian Federation SALUS Charitable Foundation | Ukraine The main objective of the project was to reduce the vulnerability of sex workers to HIV/STIs through the development of a model of integrated services based on human rights, and also by addressing the negative effects of HIV/STIs among sex workers.
    [Show full text]
  • Music Performance and Education
    SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF MUSIC ART AND EDUCATION WORLD BULLETIN “MUSICAL ARTS AND EDUCATION OF THE UNESCO CHAIR IN LIFE-LONG LEARNING” The journal was founded in 2013 comes out 4 times a year Moscow State Pedagogical University was founded 140 years ago Founder: Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education “Moscow State Pedagogical University” Publisher: “MSPU” Publishing House The co-publisher of the issue: FSBEIHPE “Mordovian State Pedagogical Institute named after M. E. Evsevyev” (branch of the UNESCO Chair “Musical Arts and Education in Life-long Learning” hosted by MordSPU) EDITORIAL BOARD A. L. Semenov (chairman of the board) Academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician of Russian Academy of Education, Professor E. B. Abdullin (vice-chairman of the board) Professor, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Member of the Union of Composers of Russia V. A. Gergiev People's Artist of Russia V. A. Gurevich Professor, Doctor of Arts, Secretary of the Union of Composers of Saint-Petersburg V. V. Kadakin Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Honored Worker of Education of the Republic of Mordovia B. M. Nemensky Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Education, People's Artist of Russia M. I. Roytershteyn Professor, Composer, Honoured Art Worker of Russia, Candidate of Arts A. S. Sokolov Professor, Doctor of Arts, Member of the Union of Composers of Russia G. M. Tsypin Professor, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Candidate of Arts, Member of the Union of Composers of Russia R. K. Shedrin Composer, People's Artist of the USSR S. B. Yakovenko Professor, Doctor of Arts, People's Artist of Russia EDITORIAL BOARD Nikolaeva E.
    [Show full text]
  • Dipartimento Di Scienze Politiche Cattedra Di Storia Delle Relazioni Internazionali
    Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche Cattedra di Storia delle Relazioni Internazionali RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY AND EUROPEAN SECURITY FROM GORBACHEV TO PUTIN (1985-2001) RELATORE Prof. NIGLIA CANDIDATO Francesco Tamburini 622402 CORRELATORE Prof. PONS ANNO ACCADEMICO 2014/2015 Contents Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………………………..p.4 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………….....p.5 Note on the Transliteration of Russian…………………………………………………………...p.8 List of Abbreviations………………………………………………………………………………p.9 1st Chapter A new thinking for the Soviet Union and the world 1.1) Domestic and international drivers.......................................................................................p.11 1.2) Contents and origins of new thinking...................................................................................p.14 1.3) Robbing the imperialists of the enemy image……………..................................................p.19 1.4) Domestic crises and new political actors………………………………………………….p.22 1.5) Gorbachev and European security: the challenge of NATO…………….………………....p.26 1.6) Achievements, failures and legacy…………….………………………………………......p.33 2nd Chapter A transformed Russia in a new world 2.1) An inevitable turn West?......................................................................................................p.36 2.2) Liberal internationalism: coalition and vision......................................................................p.38 2.3) Foreign policymaking in the Russian Federation………………………………………….p.42 2.4) Honeymoon with
    [Show full text]
  • The Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka and Paramushir Island, North Kurils in 2007 O
    ISSN 0742-0463, Journal of Volcanology and Seismology, 2009, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 1–17. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2009. Original Russian Text © O.A. Girina, S.V. Ushakov, N.A. Malik, A.G. Manevich, D.V. Mel’nikov, A.A. Nuzhdaev, Yu.V. Demyanchuk, L.V. Kotenko, 2009, published in Vul- kanologiya i Seismologiya, 2009, No. 1, pp. 3–20. The Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka and Paramushir Island, North Kurils in 2007 O. A. Girina, S. V. Ushakov, N. A. Malik, A. G. Manevich, D. V. Mel’nikov, A. A. Nuzhdaev, Yu. V. Demyanchuk, and L. V. Kotenko Institute of Volcanology and Seismology of the Far East Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Piipa Boulevard, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii, 683006 Russia Received March 6, 2008 Abstract—Eight strong eruptions of four Kamchatka volcanoes (Bezymyannyi, Klyuchevskoi, Shiveluch, and Karymskii) and Chikurachki Volcano on Paramushir Island, North Kurils took place in 2007. In addition, an explosive event occurred on Mutnovskii Volcano and increased fumarole activity was recorded on Avacha and Gorelyi volcanoes in Kamchatka and Ebeko Volcano on Paramushir Island, North Kurils. Thanks to close coop- eration with colleagues involved in the Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) project from the Elizovo Airport Meteorological Center and volcanic ash advisory centers in Tokyo, Anchorage, and Wash- ington (Tokyo VAAC, Anchorage VAAC, and Washington VAAC), all necessary precautions were taken for flight safety near Kamchatka. DOI: 10.1134/S0742046309010011 INTRODUCTION two months in 2005–2006 the volcano remained rela- tively quiet, up to December 4, 2006. The extrusive– The comprehensive monitoring of active volcanoes explosive eruption of Molodoi (Young) Shiveluch Vol- in Kamchatka and North Kurils is carried out under the cano commenced on that date, with a strong ash ejec- KVERT project [2, 4, 5] in close cooperation with col- tion, and continued during all of 2007.
    [Show full text]