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Sharing Lessons on Mangrove Restoration Sharing Lessons on Mangrove Restoration Proceedings and a Call for Action from an MFF Regional Colloquium 30–31 August 2012, Mamallapuram, India The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of Mangroves for the Future or IUCN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of Mangroves for the Future or IUCN. This publication has been made possible by funding from Norad and Sida. Mangroves for the Future would like to acknowledge the additional editorial contributions from Mr Jake Brunner, Dr D. T. Wettasinghe and Mr L. C. A. de S. Wijesinghe. Published by: IUCN, Gland, Switzerland with Mangroves for the Future, Bangkok, Thailand Copyright: © 2012 IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is author- ized without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder. Citation: Macintosh, D.J., Mahindapala, R., Markopoulos, M. (eds) (2012). Sharing Lessons on Mangrove Restoration. Bangkok, Thailand: Mangroves for the Future and Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. ISBN: 978-2-8317-1558-2 Cover photo: Nypa planted in an abandoned shrimp farm, Trat, Thailand © MFF Available from: IUCN Mangroves for the Future Publications Services Asia Regional Office Rue Mauverney 28 IUCN (International Union for Conservation 1196 Gland, Switzerland of Nature) Tel +41 999 0000 63 Sukhumvit Road, Soi 39 [email protected] Bangkok 10110, Thailand www.iucn.org www.mangrovesforthefuture.org Sharing Lessons on Mangrove Restoration Proceedings and a Call for Action from an MFF Regional Colloquium 30–31 August 2012, Mamallapuram, India Organised by Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India The MFF National Coordinating Body, India and Mangroves for the Future (MFF) with support from Bay of Bengal Large Marine Ecosystem Project (BOBLME) M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai and IUCN India Office Contents List of abbreviations v Foreword vii Preface ix Call for action xiii Session I: Economic and Environmental Values of Mangroves Valuation, carbon sequestration and restoration of mangrove 19 ecosystems in India J. R. Bhatt and K. Kathiresan Indonesian mangroves: critical challenges and strategies for their 39 sustainable management after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami Sukristijono Sukardjo An overview of mangrove restoration efforts in Pakistan 51 Shamsul Haq Memon A collaborative approach between tourism and coastal communities: 63 a present-day need and opportunity for mangrove management and conservation in Sri Lanka P. Upali Ratnayake Mangrove restoration efforts in Sri Lanka 75 T. R. Ranasinghe Status of mangrove plantations in the living delta: an overview of the 81 coastal afforestation experience of Bangladesh Ishtiaq Uddin Ahmad Mangrove conservation and restoration in the Indian Sundarbans 93 P. Vyas and K. Sengupta Session II: Lessons Learned from Mangrove Rehabilitation Projects Lessons learned from the programme Let’s Plant Mangroves: 105 a case study from villages in Banten and Central Java provinces, Indonesia W. Mahardi Restoration of deteriorated wetlands in Kumana (Yala East) National Park, 115 Sri Lanka: a pilot project on mangrove restoration P. Suranga Ratnayake, Y. Mapatuna and P. N. Dayawansa Afforestation of coastal mudflats in Gujarat, India 123 C. N. Pandey and R. Pandey Genesis and present status of restoration practices in saline blanks in India 133 V. Selvam, R. Ramasubramanian and K. K. Ravichandran Mangrove restoration and planting in micro-tidal barrier-built estuaries 141 and lagoons in Asia – ideology versus sustainable ecosystem science? Jayampathi I. Samarakoon Session III: Guidelines for Good Practices in Mangrove Restoration and Rehabilitation Mangrove rehabilitation through community involvement: 161 establishing mangrove conservation awareness and education Sylvanna Antat, Lyndy Bastienne and Terence Vel iii Local knowledge management for mangrove management 169 Tanirat Tanawat and P. Boonplod Active versus passive restoration of mangroves: developing 179 models for sustainable rejuvenation of mangrove ecosystems used for shrimp farming in North-Western Province of Sri Lanka Sevvandi Jayakody, J. M. P. K. Jayasinghe and Anushka H. Wijesundara Restoration and return of mangroves and fisheries in abandoned 191 aquaculture farms V. Selvam, A. Sivakumar and R. Ramasubramanian Clam seed production and benefit sharing in Xuan Thuy 199 National Park, Viet Nam Nguyen Viet Cach Mangrove planting, community participation and integrated 205 management in Soc Trang Province, Viet Nam Klaus Schmitt Monitoring framework for replanted mangrove areas – 227 sharing the experience from Pakistan Ghulam Qadir Shah Towards Coastal Health Archive and Monitoring National 239 Programmes (CHAMPS) for assessing change, and identifying drivers of change, in tidal wetlands and coastal margins [abstract] Norman Duke Session IV: Mangroves, Climate Change and DRR Navigating mangrove resilience through the ecosystem-based 243 adaptation approach: lessons from Bangladesh Paramesh Nandy and Ronju Ahammad Disaster risk reduction through mangrove conservation and 255 rehabilitation: a case study in the Ayeyarwady Delta of Myanmar Maung Maung Than Adapting to natural disasters and contributing to climate change 265 mitigation: mangrove community forestry in Viet Nam Sen Le Thi Hoa, R. Suzuki and M. F. Thomsen Ecological mangrove restoration: re-establishing a more biodiverse 277 and resilient coastal ecosystem with community participation Alfredo Quarto Annex 1 Colloquium programme 293 Annex 2 List of participants 297 iv Abbreviations ADB Asian Development Bank BAPPEDA Regional Development Planning Board (Indonesia) BAPPENAS State Ministry of National Development Planning (Indonesia) BAU Bangladesh Agricultural University BDT Bangladesh taka BFD Bangladesh Forest Department BFRI Bangladesh Forest Research Institute BOB IGP Bay of Bengal Inter-Governmental Panel BOBLME Bay of Bengal Large Marine Ecosystem Project CBACC-CF Community-Based Adaptation to Climate Change through Coastal Afforestation Project CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CBEMR Community-based Ecological Mangrove Restoration CBMR Community-Based Mangrove Reforestation CBO Community-based organization CEC Central Executive Committee CFD Coastal Forestry Division (Pakistan) CHAMPS Coastal Health Archive and Monitoring National Programmes CMC Co-Management Committee COP Conference of Parties CRZ Coastal Regulation Zone DFID Department for International Development (UK) DLS Department of Livestock Services (Bangladesh) DoF Department of Fisheries (Bangladesh) DRR Disaster risk reduction DWLC Department of Wildlife Conservation (Sri Lanka) EBA Ecosystem-based adaptation ECCDI Ecosystems Conservation and Community Development Initiative EMR Ecological mangrove restoration ETM Enhanced Thematic Mapper FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FB Fund Board FFF Forest, Fish, Fruit FREDA Forest Resource Environment Development and Conservation Association GEER Gujarat Ecological Education and Research Foundation GEF Global Environment Facility GIS Geographic Information System GIZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GPS Global Positioning System HRA High Risk Area ICM Integrated Coastal Management ICAM Integrated Coastal Area Management IDR Indonesian rupiah IMFFS Integrated Mangrove Fishery Farming System INGO International non-governmental organization INR Indian rupee v IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature JFM Joint Forest Management JFMC Joint Forest Management Committee JMM Joint Mangrove Management LDCF Least Developed Countries Fund LKR Sri Lanka rupee M&E Monitoring and evaluation MAP Mangrove Action Project MAPP Method for Impact Assessment of Programmes and Projects MEALS Mangrove Empowerment and Livelihood Security MERN Mangrove and Environmental Rehabilitation Network MFD Myanmar Forest Department MFF Mangroves for the Future MLE Monitoring, learning and evaluation MMAF Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (Indonesia) MMK Myanmar kyat MOECAF Ministry of Environmental Conservation and Forestry (Myanmar) MOEF Ministry of Environment and Forests (India) MSSRF M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation NAQDA National Aquaculture Development Authority of Sri Lanka NGO Non-governmental organization NSAP National Strategy and Action Plan PAN Potential Area Number PC People’s Committee PFE Permanent Forest Estate PoW Programme of Work PRA Participatory Rural Appraisal REDD Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation SBR Sundarban Biosphere Reserve SCCDP Sindh Coastal Community Development Project SFD Sindh Forest Department (Pakistan) SIDA Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency SOP Standard Operating Procedure SPOT Système Pour l’Observation de la Terre SRS Simple random sampling SUPARCO Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Organization TAO Tambon Administrative Organisation UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNEP United Nations Environment
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