Readings of Environmental Radiation Monitoring of Public Water Areas (Preliminary Report)
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Flood Loss Model Model
GIROJ FloodGIROJ Loss Flood Loss Model Model General Insurance Rating Organization of Japan 2 Overview of Our Flood Loss Model GIROJ flood loss model includes three sub-models. Floods Modelling Estimate the loss using a flood simulation for calculating Riverine flooding*1 flooded areas and flood levels Less frequent (River Flood Engineering Model) and large- scale disasters Estimate the loss using a storm surge flood simulation for Storm surge*2 calculating flooded areas and flood levels (Storm Surge Flood Engineering Model) Estimate the loss using a statistical method for estimating the Ordinarily Other precipitation probability distribution of the number of affected buildings and occurring disasters related events loss ratio (Statistical Flood Model) *1 Floods that occur when water overflows a river bank or a river bank is breached. *2 Floods that occur when water overflows a bank or a bank is breached due to an approaching typhoon or large low-pressure system and a resulting rise in sea level in coastal region. 3 Overview of River Flood Engineering Model 1. Estimate Flooded Areas and Flood Levels Set rainfall data Flood simulation Calculate flooded areas and flood levels 2. Estimate Losses Calculate the loss ratio for each district per town Estimate losses 4 River Flood Engineering Model: Estimate targets Estimate targets are 109 Class A rivers. 【Hokkaido region】 Teshio River, Shokotsu River, Yubetsu River, Tokoro River, 【Hokuriku region】 Abashiri River, Rumoi River, Arakawa River, Agano River, Ishikari River, Shiribetsu River, Shinano -
FY2017 Results of the Radioactive Material Monitoring in the Water Environment
FY2017 Results of the Radioactive Material Monitoring in the Water Environment March 2019 Ministry of the Environment Contents Outline .......................................................................................................................................................... 5 1) Radioactive cesium ................................................................................................................... 6 (2) Radionuclides other than radioactive cesium .......................................................................... 6 Part 1: National Radioactive Material Monitoring Water Environments throughout Japan (FY2017) ....... 10 1 Objective and Details ........................................................................................................................... 10 1.1 Objective .................................................................................................................................. 10 1.2 Details ...................................................................................................................................... 10 (1) Monitoring locations ............................................................................................................... 10 1) Public water areas ................................................................................................................ 10 2) Groundwater ......................................................................................................................... 10 (2) Targets .................................................................................................................................... -
Readings of Environmental Radiation Monitoring of Public Water Areas (Preliminary Report)
Readings of Environmental Radiation Monitoring of Public Water Areas (Preliminary Report) August 4, 2011 Local Nuclear Emergency Response Headquarters (Radioactivity Team) Disaster Provision Main Office of Fukushima Pref. (Nuclear Power Team) 1 Date: Thursday, July 7 – Friday, July 27, 2011 2 Number of monitoring locations: Rivers: 6 locations (water quality) Lakes and dam reservoirs: 5 locations (water quality) Lakes and dam reservoirs: 2 locations (bottom sediment) Agricultural reservoirs: 4 locations (water quality) Groundwater: 10 locations (water quality) 3 Monitoring Results (1) Rivers (water quality) Radioactive iodine: Not detectable in any locations Radioactive cesium: Cs-134 Not detectable – 1.18 Bq/L Cs-137 Not detectable – 1.30 Bq/L (2) Lakes and dam reservoirs (water quality and bottom sediment) a. Water quality Radioactive iodine: Not detectable in any location Radioactive cesium: Not detectable in any location b. Bottom sediment Radioactive iodine: Not detectable in any location Radioactive cesium: Cs-134 Not detectable – 334 Bq/kg Cs-137 Not detectable – 371 Bq/kg (3) Agricultural reservoirs (water quality) Radioactive iodine: Not detectable in any locations Radioactive cesium: Not detectable in any location (4) Groundwater (water quality) Radioactive iodine: Not detectable in any locations Radioactive cesium: Not detectable in any location *Water quality monitoring has been conducted once a month for rivers since May and once a month for lakes, dam reservoirs, and agricultural reservoirs since June. The quality of groundwater is monitored once a year. (Inquiries: Monitoring Team, Radioactivity Team Tel: 024-521-1917) Readings of Environmental Radiation Monitoring at Rivers, Lakes, Dam Reservoirs, and Agricultural Reservoirs(Preliminary Report)(Second report in July) August 4, 2011 Local Nuclear Emergency Response Headquarters (Radioactivity Team) Disaster Provision Main Office of Fukushima Pref. -
Temporal Trends for Dioxins-Related Agrochemicals in Sediments in a Large-Scale Rice-Producing Area, Niigata, Japan
LEVELS IN SOIL AND WATER TEMPORAL TRENDS FOR DIOXINS-RELATED AGROCHEMICALS IN SEDIMENTS IN A LARGE-SCALE RICE-PRODUCING AREA, NIIGATA, JAPAN Mizuki Sakai1, Muto Hiroaki2, Kajihara Hideo1, Takahashi Yukio2 1Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Niigata, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata, Japan 2Faculty of Engineering, University of Niigata, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata, Japan Introduction Japanese people have historically eaten rice as the main grain constituent in their diet. In Sea of Japan the past 50 years, a larger amount of agrochemicals have been applied to Japanese rice fields to increase rice production. Masunaga et al. reported that common Toyano Lagoon Agano Japanese agrochemicals such as River pentachlorophenol (PCP) and chloronitrophen (CNP) used in rice fields in the past contain Shinano Kameda basin dioxins as impurities 1. Since Niigata Plain is River the largest rice-producing area in Japan, the soil and/or sediment in the lower basin in 5km Niigata Plain could be highly polluted. In the previous study, we measured the age of a sediment core and the amount of dioxins (PCDD/DFs) in Toyano Lagoon and estimated the historical trend and the sources of dioxin2. Most of the sources of dioxin in Toyano Lagoon sediment were PCP and CNP. The aims of this work are to quantify the extent, clarify the historical trends of CNP and PCP pollution in the Toyano Lagoon sediment and consider the interrelation between them. Figure 1 Sampling Site. Arrows mean flow direction. Method and Materials Sediment Core A sediment core, which was a cylindrical sample with a diameter of 20cm and a length of 80cm, was obtained from the northern part of Toyano Lagoon. -
On the Banks of the Agano
chapter 1 On the Banks of the Agano On August 14, 1925, in the hamlet of Kosugi in Niigata prefecture, a child was born. Sakaue Toshié was born in her family home, a structure of wood, bamboo, and mud, on the edge of the hamlet abutting the levee of the Agano River. Her mother gave birth to her in the close, window- less room that the family used for sleeping. Her mother, whose name was Tsugino, endured the pains of childbirth lying on the floor on a cotton- backed mattress, over which were thrown several rough straw mats stuffed with ashes to catch the blood accompanying childbirth. A birth was a commonplace event in the life of the village, but it was also a dangerous one. Tsugino could expect no assistance from modern medicines. The dangers from infection and excessive bleeding were all too real. Two out of every ten babies died in childbirth or infancy. Ko- sugi had no doctor; its births were presided over by Mrs. Yamazaki, the midwife. In the event of a complication, the doctor must be sent for from So¯ mi, an hour and a half’s walk up the bank of the Agano. Mrs. Yamazaki was a young woman in her twenties, recently gradu- ated from midwifery school in the nearby town of Shibata. Her husband was the priest of the hamlet temple. Mrs. Yamazaki attended virtually every birth in Kosugi, and she was usually the only medical resource available. Unlike the old-fashioned “delivery women” (toriagebasan)— who offered only a few herbal remedies and a supporting hand while the birthing mother clutched at a rope hanging from the ceiling—Mrs. -
Major Disaster Surveys
●Documents Major Disaster Surveys 1 Field survey and guidance based on the nature-oriented river works advisor system for emergency projects to deal with severe damage and disaster assistance projects (Niigata Prefecture, Wakayama Prefecture) From July 27 to 30, 2011, parts of Niigata and Fukushima Prefectures were struck by record breaking heavy rain exceeding the torrential rain which struck Niigata and Fukushima Prefectures in July 2004, causing damage along the Igarashi River, the Agano River and so on. We advised on forms of revetments and embedding according to the causes of the damage, and gave advice on the design of new channels and the treatment of revetments and watersidess taking account of environment, for the Igarashi River, Shiotani River, and Hane River. Because the Agano River includes a river cruising course, we gave guidance about revetments considering the scenery and the height of polders. Typhoon 12 brought record-breaking torrential rainfall exceeding a total of 1,800mm at places on the Kii Peninsula, causing damage on rivers including the Hidaka River, Ota River, and the Nachi River. For the Hidaka River, we gave advice on methods of improving the levees after confirming the flood control functions of the open levees. For the Ota River, we advised on excavation method which conserved the riparian forests growing continuously at the waterside of the low water channel. For the Nachi River, we advised on the setting of the channel profile foreseeing its future change which had been buried by this disaster and provided guidance on a method to consider the world treasure, the Nachi Taisha Shrine. -
A Synopsis of the Parasites from Cyprinid Fishes of the Genus Tribolodon in Japan (1908-2013)
生物圏科学 Biosphere Sci. 52:87-115 (2013) A synopsis of the parasites from cyprinid fishes of the genus Tribolodon in Japan (1908-2013) Kazuya Nagasawa and Hirotaka Katahira Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University Published by The Graduate School of Biosphere Science Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan December 2013 生物圏科学 Biosphere Sci. 52:87-115 (2013) REVIEW A synopsis of the parasites from cyprinid fishes of the genus Tribolodon in Japan (1908-2013) Kazuya Nagasawa1)* and Hirotaka Katahira1,2) 1) Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan 2) Present address: Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W5, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan Abstract Four species of the cyprinid genus Tribolodon occur in Japan: big-scaled redfin T. hakonensis, Sakhalin redfin T. sachalinensis, Pacific redfin T. brandtii, and long-jawed redfin T. nakamuraii. Of these species, T. hakonensis is widely distributed in Japan and is important in commercial and recreational fisheries. Two species, T. hakonensis and T. brandtii, exhibit anadromy. In this paper, information on the protistan and metazoan parasites of the four species of Tribolodon in Japan is compiled based on the literature published for 106 years between 1908 and 2013, and the parasites, including 44 named species and those not identified to species level, are listed by higher taxon as follows: Ciliophora (2 named species), Myxozoa (1), Trematoda (18), Monogenea (0), Cestoda (3), Nematoda (9), Acanthocephala (2), Hirudinida (1), Mollusca (1), Branchiura (0), Copepoda (6 ), and Isopoda (1). For each taxon of parasite, the following information is given: its currently recognized scientific name, previous identification used for the parasite occurring in or on Tribolodon spp.; habitat (freshwater, brackish, or marine); site(s) of infection within or on the host; known geographical distribution in Japan; and the published source of each locality record. -
Readings of Environmental Radiation Monitoring of Public Water Areas (Preliminary Report)
Readings of Environmental Radiation Monitoring of Public Water Areas (Preliminary Report) September 9, 2011 Nuclear Emergency Response Headquarters (Radioactivity Team) Disaster Provision Main Office of Fukushima Pref. (Nuclear Power Team) 1 Date Wednesday, August 17 – Wednesday, August 31, 2011 2 Number of monitoring locations Rivers: 8 locations (water quality) Lakes and dam reservoirs: 13 locations (water quality) Lakes and dam reservoirs: 1 location (bottom sediment) 3 Monitoring Results (1) Rivers (water quality) Radioactive iodine: Not detected in any locations Radioactive cesium: Cs-134 Not detected – 1.60 Bq/L Cs-137 Not detected – 2.15 Bq/L (2) Lakes and dam reservoirs (water quality and bottom sediment) a. Water quality Radioactive iodine: Not detected Radioactive cesium: Not detected b. Bottom sediment Radioactive iodine: Not detected Radioactive cesium: Cs-134 338 Bq/L Cs-137 405 Bq/L *Water quality monitoring has been conducted once a month for rivers since May and once a month for lakes, dam reservoirs, and agricultural reservoirs since June. The quality of groundwater is monitored once a year. (Nuclear Power Team, Monitoring Team: 024-521-6938) Readings of Environmental Radiation Monitoring at Rivers, Lakes, Dam Reservoirs, and Agricultural Reservoirs(Preliminary Report)(Second report in August) September 9, 2011 Nuclear Emergency Response Headquarters (Radioactivity Team) Disaster Provision Main Office of Fukushima Pref. (Nuclear Power Team) Water & Air Environment Division, Social Affairs & Environment Department, Fukushima -
The Fukushima Daiichi Accident Technical Volume 4
The Fukushima Daiichi Accident Fukushima The The Fukushima Daiichi Accident Technical Volume 4/5 Technical Volume 4/5 Radiological Consequences Radiological Consequences Radiological PO Box 100, Vienna International Centre 1400 Vienna, Austria Printed in Austria ISBN 978–92–0–107015–9 (set) 1 THE FUKUSHIMA DAIICHI ACCIDENT TECHNICAL VOLUME 4 RADIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES The following States are Members of the International Atomic Energy Agency: AFGHANISTAN GERMANY OMAN ALBANIA GHANA PAKISTAN ALGERIA GREECE PALAU ANGOLA GUATEMALA PANAMA ARGENTINA GUYANA PAPUA NEW GUINEA ARMENIA HAITI PARAGUAY AUSTRALIA HOLY SEE PERU AUSTRIA HONDURAS PHILIPPINES AZERBAIJAN HUNGARY POLAND BAHAMAS ICELAND PORTUGAL BAHRAIN INDIA QATAR BANGLADESH INDONESIA REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA BELARUS IRAN, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF ROMANIA BELGIUM IRAQ RUSSIAN FEDERATION BELIZE IRELAND RWANDA BENIN ISRAEL SAN MARINO BOLIVIA, PLURINATIONAL ITALY SAUDI ARABIA STATE OF JAMAICA SENEGAL BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA JAPAN SERBIA BOTSWANA JORDAN SEYCHELLES BRAZIL KAZAKHSTAN SIERRA LEONE BRUNEI DARUSSALAM KENYA SINGAPORE BULGARIA KOREA, REPUBLIC OF SLOVAKIA BURKINA FASO KUWAIT SLOVENIA BURUNDI KYRGYZSTAN SOUTH AFRICA CAMBODIA LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC SPAIN CAMEROON REPUBLIC SRI LANKA CANADA LATVIA SUDAN CENTRAL AFRICAN LEBANON SWAZILAND REPUBLIC LESOTHO SWEDEN CHAD LIBERIA SWITZERLAND CHILE LIBYA SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC CHINA LIECHTENSTEIN TAJIKISTAN COLOMBIA LITHUANIA CONGO LUXEMBOURG THAILAND COSTA RICA MADAGASCAR THE FORMER YUGOSLAV CÔTE D’IVOIRE MALAWI REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA CROATIA MALAYSIA TOGO -
Reproductive Biology of a Boreal Nemacheilid Loach Barbatula Oreas Introduced Into a Temperate River in Central Honshu, Japan
Aquacult. Sci. 66(2),123-131(2018) Reproductive biology of a boreal Nemacheilid loach Barbatula oreas introduced into a temperate river in central Honshu, Japan 1,* 2 Rui HATAKEYAMA and Tadashi KITANO Abstract: The reproductive traits of Barbatula oreas were examined in a population established in the Kaname River, Kanagawa prefecture. Males exhibited unclear seasonal patterns in their monthly mean gonadosomatic index (GSI), and discharged semina from their genital ducts throughout the year. Females exhibited obvious seasonal patterns in the monthly mean GSI, which was higher in spring (March-April) and lower in summer (July-August). Ovarian maturity was divided into three developmental phases (resting, vitellogenic and maturation), and the ovaries in the maturation phase, which had the characteristics of ovaries in the spawning season, were observed from March to July. Post-ovulatory follicles were found even in the ovaries of small fish (< 100 mm SL), indicating spawning at age-1. Total fecundity was 1,049-10,671 per ovary, increasing exponentially with the increasing SL. It was considered that vitellogenesis occurred at a wide range of water temperatures and day lengths (7.5-20.8°C, 9 h 47 min-14 h 33 min), and spawn- ing season began when there was a transition to a suitable spawning temperature (10.2-18.5°C). This population, which matured at age-1, seemed to have a higher intrinsic rate of natural increase compared to a native population. Key words: Barbatula oreas; Acclimatization; Alien species; Gonadal maturity Fukudojo, Barbatula oreas is a boreal loach with native fish, including commercial species, belonging to the family Nemacheilidae, and because it feeds on benthos such as aquatic is naturally distributed in Hokkaido, Japan insects (Miyadi et al. -
Niigata Minamata Disease and Showa Denko
産業経済研究所紀要 第 22 号 2 0 1 2 年3月 Articles Niigata Minamata Disease and Showa Denko Kazumasa TAKEMORI Abstract Niigata Minamata Disease is an organic mercury intoxication prevailed in the Agano River area in central part of Niigata Prefecture in 1950s and 1960s. Many patients have suffered from the disease until today, and some of them died of it in extreme agony. This disease was caused by methyl mercury from Kanose Factory of Showa Denko which produced acetaldehyde as its main product in terms of limestone based chemical technology. Discharged methyl mercury was stored and condensed in plankton, aquatic insects and fish of the river and was eaten by many people and made Niigata Minamata Disease patients. Some of them presented a case to Niigata District Court in 1967 and won the case in 1971. Niigata Minamata Disease has scarcely been of research topics in social science areas in spite of many studies in chemical and medical areas. This article may be a challenge in this tendency. Two research steps are taken in this research: one step is physical accounting approach for historical examination of Niigata Minamata Disease and its patients and the other step is external environmental accounting approach about disclosure of compensation in annual reports. Conclusions are: a) Patients had once spent normal lives but suffered from a disease of mercury intoxication. Their geographical distribution is so wide ranging from the mouth of the Agano River to the area of 60km upstream. There were no apologies to them and compensation was paid very late. b) Showa Denko has denied any involvement and responsibility on Niigata Minamata Disease. -
A Checklist and Bibliography of Parasites of Salmonids of Japan
;r c j . 3 $JJ#~,Sci. Rep. Hokkaido Salmon Hatchery, (41) : 1-75 (1987) A Checklist and Bibliography of Parasites of Salmonids of Japan Kazuya NAGASAWA*',Shigehiko URAWA", and Teruhiko AWAKURA*~ Abstract Information on the parasites of salmonids in Japanese waters that was published during the years 1889-1986 is assembled in the form of Parasite-Host and Host- Parasite lists with accompanying bibliography. Ninety-four named species of parasites (18 Protozoa, 5 Monogenea, 21 Trematoda, 7 Cestoidea, 19 Nematoda, 15 Acanthocephala, 1 Hirudinoidea, 1 Mollusca, 1 Branchiura, 5 Copepoda, 1 Isopoda) have been reported, and numerous other parasites not identified to species level are also included. The Parasite-Host list, arranged on a taxonomic basis, includes for each parasite species its currently recognized scientific name, and synonyms oc- curring in the literature, habitat (freshwater or marine), location of infection (site) within the host, species of host(s), known geographical distribution in Japanese waters, and the published source for each host and locality record. Where neces- sary, remarks and footnotes dealing with such topics as taxonomy, nomenclature, and misidentifications are included. The Host-Parasite list summarizes the species of parasites from each species of salmonid and their geographical distributions. Although taxonomic revision is not the aim of the checklist, the following three new combinations and one new synonym are proposed : Microsporidium takedai (Awa- kura, 1974) n. comb. for Nosemu tukedui ; Sterliudochonu ephemeridurum (Linstow, 1872) n. comb. for Cystidicoloides ephemeridurum ; and Salvelinema ishii (Fujita, 1941) new synonym of S. salvelini (Fujita, 1939) n. comb. for Metabronemu salvelini. Con tents Introduction ................................................................................................ 2 Parasite-Host List ......................................................................................