Inter-Society Color Council News

Number 362 July/August 1996 N E FROM THE PRESIDENT'S DESK

'/r ~ould like to ~ egi~ by thanking Hugh Fairman and Danny ,D R1ch for the f1ne JOb they did in organizing this year's Annual Meeting at the Doubletree Guest Suites in Orlando, From The President's Desk ...... 1 FL. Both the ISCC meeting and the Symposium provided lots of interesting presentations and time to get together with Report-ISCC 65th Annual fv\eeting ...... 2 colleagues for discussion and fun. Most of the rest of this newsletter is devoted to reports on various activities rel ated to Macbeth Award ...... 10 the Annual Meeting. I would also like to take this oppotunity to thank the New ISCC Officers ...... 13 outgoing Board members and to welcome the new Directors. Completing their terms on the Board of Directors are Gary Obituary ...... 14 Beebe, Joseph Campbell, and Ro bert Marcus. Speaking for all the officers, I want to say that we appreciate all that they Report-ISCC Committee 50 ...... 15 have done. Joe organized the instrument displays at the Annual Meetings for several years, Gary is chair of the 1997 New Members ...... 15 Annual Meeting, and Bob continues as Publicity Chairman and Chair of the Nickerson Service Award Committee. 1a m Birthday Celebration ...... 16 happy to be able to report that they will continue to be active in the ISCC community. In This Issue of CR&A ...... 17 This spring's elections bring us three new Directors. Serving until 1999, are Helen Epps from the University of Letter of Appreciation ...... 18 Georgia, James Keiser from E. I. DuPont, and Jack Ladson from BYK-Ga rdner. Welcome, again speaking for the Officers RIT Lab Expansion ...... 18 and rest of the Board, we appreciate their willingness to serve. For those who want to know more about our new News From Member Bodies & Other News ...... 19 Directors, biographical sketches of th ese Diredors were SPE, AATCC, HFES, CAUS, CMG, FSCT, DCC, AIC published in Issue 359, (Jan/ Feb 1996) of the Newsletter . The ISCC is builtthrough the contributions of its members. Book reviews ...... 25 At this Annual Meeting, Joanne Zwinkels, Rich Riffel, and Wade Thompson completed thair terms as Chair of the Member Application Confusion ...... 27 Interest Groups I, II, and Ill respectively. The Chairmanships were turned over to Michael Brill, Bill Tuting, and Shashi ISCC Office Hours ...... 27 Caan. At each of the Interest Groups an announcementwas made looking for new Co-Chairs. We can report that at this ISCC Office closed for a week ...... 28 time, Helen Epps will become the Co-Chair of Interest Group I, and Arnold Service is taking on the Co-Chairmanship of Gentle Reminder ...... 28 Interest Group II. However, we are still looking for someonJ! who would like to serve as a Co-Chair for Interest Group Ill Calendar ...... 28 on Art, Design, and Psychology. Anyone wi IIi ng to volunteer, please contact Shashi Caan, Richard Harold (Coordinator of Officers, Directors, ...... Back Page Member Bodies, Sustaining Members Interest Grou ps), or me. Other new Coml"': ittee Chairs are Paula Alessi for Bylaws, Bill Vogel for Contributed Papers, and Roy Berns for Macbeth Award Committee. Anyone who would like to take a more (Con ti n ued~) ISCC NEWS NO. 362 2 JULY/AUGUST 1996

active role in the organization, just Stahdards and Their Use in Calibration same color language until the final contact me. and Verification. Ladson, Chairman, product shows otherwise. The color of We continue to make progress in stated the significant progress has been the product is not what the costumer communications. Cynthia Sturke, our made since the last meeting. The wanted. The result is that what the new Office Manager, helped at the definition of the project was accepted designer said, was interpreted registration at the Annual Meeting. I by the ISCC Board of Directors. The differently by production. The final hope that many of you had the Board members felt that Technical speaker, M s Shash i Caan, spoke opportunity to meet her in person. Report 89-1 needed a revision. Ladson representeing Interest Group Ill, Art Cynthia is pleased to report that the volunteered to Chair the new committee Design and Psychology. A special ISCC office fax is now working. Th e that will update the Techni ca l Report feature of the meeting was two number is 703/318-0514. Also, in the month of May, ou r own ISCC web page officially went on line. The address is HTIP://WWW.ISCC.ORG. A variety of information can be found on the page including a calender of events, meeting schedules, list of member Societies, lists of Sustaining Members, and highlights of the ISCC News. Mail tags are available so that people can communicate with the ISCC office, Board of Directors, and the Web Page Editor for such things as address changes and requests for information. Come visit the ISCC Web site. Also, those companies (or individuals) interested in becoming Sustaining Members, please contact Cynthia at the office. Ellen C. Ca rter President o( ISCC Dr. Michael Brill receiving the Macbeth Award From Dr. Ellen Carter ANNUAL " 65TH 89-1. The project will deal with the crossword puzzles developed by Hugh available material standards and Fairman from the vocabularies of MEETING OF. ISCC methods to ca librate the instruments. Interest Groups. A section of the report w ill define terms The next meeting was the Individual l'i'lr'he 65'h Annual M eeting of ISCC and include an up-to-date bibliography. Member Group (IMG) presided by the ~his year was a joint meeting with Lad son is looking for volunteers for the Chairman jim Cave, BASF). A new ASTM Committee E-12 on Appearance. Committee. · member voting delegate, Mr. Alan On May 5 and 6, the Interest Groups Education Committee, presided over Kravatz was se lected to represent the and ISCC Committees met. They were by Dr. Vivianne Smith, Universi ty of group. He will serve a three year term followed on May 7, by a joint meeting Chicago dealt with the vocabulary of unti 11999, as the voting representative. with ASTM Committee E-12 entitled, color in resea rch, industry and the arts. INTEREST GROUP Ill - Art, Design The Symposium on Measurem ent of There were three speakers, one from and Psychology, was chaired by Prof. Appearance. The Symposium was fol­ each of the Interest Groups. Dr. Alan Wade Thompson and Ms Shashi Caa n. lowed by ASTM Committee E-12 meet­ Robertson, National Research Council, The first speaker was Mr. Ri chard ingsonMay8-1 O,on Appearance Mea­ Canada, introduced many of the basic Stoyles, Milliken & Company. The title surement . scientific color terms and distinguished of his presentation was What's Co lor Roland Connelly, President of ISCC, between the ones that are often Forecasting Got To Do With It? Color welcomed everyone to the Annual confused such as chroma and saturation and design trends are a refl ection of our Meeting of ISCC. He presided over the or brightness and lightness. M r. Ri ch " Life - Thoughts" and combine many first session and introduced the first Riffel, Accuracy Microsensors, from different influences. Some trends are speaker, Jack Ladson. The meetings Interest Group II, ta lked about Industrial unavoidable as they are a direct resul t are reported in the order of their Applications of Color. He presented of utilization of equipment and raw appearan ce. examples from industry of how materials. Others can be cost driven. Project Committee 51, Material everyone thinks that they speak the Economics, high-tech development and ISCC NEWS NO. 362 3 JULY/AUGUST 1996 media saturation also play an important were analyzed in terms of color asymmetric ba lance of hues. Those role. The challange of competing in combination. characteristics of Saikdong color international markets is to redifine the ·The variations of color combination combinations were applied to create concept of "quick response" design were reproduced through the CAD new color combinations for apparel and computer-aided design (CAD) system to apply the results of the first design through CAD simulations. linked directto ma nufacturing. The next paper was Custumers want the best for presented by Dr. Theodore their money and they know H. M. Prudon. The title of his w hat they want. Color paper was Color in History: forcasti ng reflects business Did George Washington See strategic thinking and in a Green? The study of history quickening worl d, influences and preservation of buildings events. Eve nts, technology and artifacts generally sets as advances and environmental one of the goals th e accurate influences are taken into and authentic representation account by The International of the past. What constitutes Colour Authority, who, for accuracy and authenticity is more than 25 years, have much harder to define and expertly forecast the trends 36 understand. How is accuracy months ahead for utilization and authenticity in color by the world's textile industry. determined? It is the area The next speaker, Dr. David where science and technology Bu rt on, Virgi n ia on one hand and interpretive Commonwealth University and design on the other work discussed Synchronism: A together. In early histori c color (Musical) Key to Color. It is a studies, field investigations color theory based on an would be conducted that analogy between color and exposed the layering of paint music developed by Stanton and/or finish colors as found in MacDonald-Wright and the building. The green color Morgan Russell in Paris in 1911. that is identified and marketed Rotation of the twelve colors of as W illiamsburg Green is a the color wheel around the color that George Washington twelve notes on a harmonic never saw. The aging of the music scale (also represented pigment and the oxidation of by a wheel) gives twelve "color the linseed oil was not keys". In M acDonald-Wright's considered when that color was short book, A Treatise on Color, tutorial overview entitled, recreated. The lighting by he professes that the interval Systems." which the objects were seen between colors determi nes thei r was very different from the level color harmony. objective to the database for Korean and type of lighting expected today. Prof. Yo ung-In Kim, Yonsei color design. Cultural expectations have changed. University, Seoul, Korea, gave a paper Saikdongcolors were analyzed from For the last four decades we have been entitled, An Analysis of Ko r ean seventeen traditional costumes selected dominated by the architecture and Traditional Co lor (Sa ikdong) and its from the National Folklore Museum. design of the modern movement. The Application to Korean Color Des ign. The following results were obtained: subtleties of colors have been lost. Sa ikdong is one of the Korean • Sa ikdong consists of various Prudon concluded by stating that traditional color combinations which combinations of hues. It varies from 3 George Washington did see a green has been used in textiles for several to 18 hues. The most frequently used but it is a color different from what we hundred years. These colors have been hues in Saikdong are red, yellow, blue think it is today. . frequently used to represent the image and green in order of dominance. Ms Shashi Caan provided the final of Korea with its unique harmony of • Contrast effects in value and and closing remarks of the session. color combinations by using simple saturation are very noticeable in Contents of the session were terrific parallel strips. The objective of the talk Sa ikdong. and more diverse than she could was two-fold. • The rhythmical arrangement of imagine. She stated that color is an • The characteristi cs of Saikdong colors were ge nerated oy the integral part of our entire being. (Continued~) ISCC NEWS NO. 362 4 JULY/AUGUST 1996

INTEREST GROUP I- Fundamental complete specification of the color to Kubelka-Munk or Beer's law. The and Applied Color Research is chaired should include tolerances. Color­ property CP can thus be used to design by Dr. Joanne Zwinkels and Dr. tolerance sets are useful for production atlases as well as to rate them after the Michael Brill. Dr. Zwinkels explained checks and can be prepared from a fact. Brill concluded by repeating his that the format of the session consisted one-, two-, or three dimensional definition of a color order system: "A of an invited tutorialledure and several cascade of similar colors. McCamy human-engineered, physically contributed papers on thetopicofcolor emphasized that there are economic exemplified database of color order sy~tems. A color-order system advantages to setting tolerances on specifications." can be defined as a human-engineered, measured colors on the basis of color­ A paper entitled The Colorcurve physically exemplified database of perception attributes of hue, value and System, was presented by Ralph color specifications. Examples are chroma, the dimensions of the Munsell Stanziola, Industrial Color Technology, Munsell, OSA, DIN, and NCS. color-order system. Neshanic Station, NJ. Stanziola To open the session, Dr. Gunilla Dr. Michael H. Brill, David Sarnoff described the Colorcurve System as a Derefeldt, National Defence Research Research Center, Princeton, NJ combination of a visual and numerical Establishment, linkoping, Sweden gave discussed how to ensure a minimum system comprising four main elements: a tutorial overview entitled "Survey of amount of metamerism among samples • aim points in CIEL *a*b* color Color Appearance Systems." She in a color atlas when the illuminant is space; empha~ized human engineering changed. In 11 A New Figure-of-Merit • physical representation of the aim (arranging the colors in an atlas so that for Color Atlases: Invariant points; they can be searched and interpreted Chromaticity Ordering," Brill started • data tables and numerical easily)-a practice that is helpful in out by noting that if two different description of the aim points, and science, industry, education and art. samples are to match when the • computational methods and/or Any useful color order system must illuminant is changed, one of these computer software. meet requirements of uniqueness of samples must generally cross (in The physical embodiment of this description, and replicability. Within chromaticity space) the line between a system is contained in two atlases: a these constrains, special-purpose color­ third and a fourth sample. Thus the master atlas with 1229 colors in one­ order systems can be designed potential of an atlas for metamerism is step ir(crements with 181 ightness levels, according to colorant-mixture rules, related to whether the chromaticity and a grey and pastel atlas with 956 etc. However, for more general ordering of sample (reflectance) triplets colors that lie between those in the purposes, Derefeldt emphasized the can be changed by illuminant from master atlas. Mr. Stanziola reported on need to organize the system according clockwise to counterclockwise, and the use and effectiveness of the to human perception. Two criteria that vice versa. It is mathematically true Colorcurve System, as a simple help users find their way in the atlas that the illuminant can affed such a notational system that can easily be database are uniformity of spacing of change only if, when the reflectances understood by both creative people the colors, and labeling the colors are treated formally as color-matching and industrial technologists. He according to cardinal axes that are in functions, the "chromaticity space" that concluded by stating that the numerical accord with human perception. In this results has a "spectrum locus" that is description of each aim point can aid context, Derefeldtpresented a historical convex and well ordered in wavelength manufacturers in getting acceptable backgroud of color ordering, described [Ref. 2]. A viable figure-of-merit for a color matches in a variety of materials the emergence of modern color-order col or atlas is then the fraction of sample because it fits in with the procedures systems and then discussed and triplets in the atlas that have the above used for computer color matching. compared modern color appearance convexity property, (CP). Even with a Finally, jean Bourges, Bourges Color systems such as Munsell, NCS, DIN, few CP I apses, an at Ias wi II be generally International, NY, discussed the use of and OSNUCS. Derefeldt'stutorial was good if the first three principal a color atlas by the artist, emphasizing based on a recent review article she components of its reflectances have CP that the human engineering of the atlas wrote [Ref. 1 1. (as is true for Cohen's principal should depend not only on color Next Calvin S. McCamy components of the Munsell Atlas). perception, but on knowing how to (Wappingers Falls, NY) discussed the Furthermore, if the atlas is made with produce particular colors. requirements for a physical only three colorants, one does not need Standardization of inks in color presses embodiment of.a color-order system in to check all the refledance triplets to and printers has made it possible to his talk, entitled, "The Use of Color­ verify good behavior: the metamerism organize an atlas meaningfully Order Systems." For general utility, heralded by object-color disorder is according to increments in the color the color -order system must be mapped forbidden if the three colorant-density densities ofthe particular specified inks; in a standard color-measurement space. spectra have CP. This last is a new hence the atlas can function in the It is advantageous to use color chips in mathematical result that applies, e.g., context of "active vision", rather than a readily available color atlas. A when the colorants combine according just passive color recognition. She ISCC NEWS NO. 362 5 JULY/AUGUST 1996 discussed the feature of the Bourges Virginia, in an effort to see the annual its reproduction in various media) has color-order system described in her solar eclipse of May 30,1984. Brill definitely been brought up." book, Color Bytes. This system navigated by plotting the eclipse's path Anne-Marie Begin presented the comprises 20 colors (1 0 warms and 10 onto a road atlas. The chase succeeded paper entitled:Assessing Tailored· cools), which are unique and fixed, as a party of four enjoyed the eclipse Lighting's Splice™ and Macbeth each with its own complement. This under clear skies in Cleveland, NC. Spectralight™ Lighting Units • The color-order system is particularly Dr. Brill's complete acceptance purpose of her study was to determine attractive for teaching art and design speech appears elsewhere in this how well the Colorview's® method of concepts, using physically realizable NEWS. mixing daylight and horizon lamp colors for the graphic artist. energy to achieve different color As can be seen from the papers, this INTEREST GROUP II - Industrial temperatures compares with a Macbeth session started off with fundamental Applications of Color is chaired by luminare, factory calibrated for color color-research issues (relating to human Rich Riffel, Accuracy Microsensors, temperature. To perform this perception), proceeded through certain Pittsfords, NY, and Bill luting. The first evaluation, they, technological issues (atlas design and paper of this session entitled Color - 1. Measured the A, D65, and measurement), finally- through art and Control It in Production and Protect It Horizon power spectral density curves design - returned to the human in Court was presented by Gerald M. as described in the Procedure for Visual perspective. Kraai, Litman, McMahon, and Brown, Evaluation of Interior and Exterior 1. Derefeldt, G., "Colour L.L.C. Kansas City, MO. Kraai stated Automotive Trim-Technical Bulletin Appearance Systems," in P. Gouras that color is part of our daily lives- the 3, Revision to SAEJ361 . (ed.), The Perception of Colour, Vol. 6 clothing we wear, the automobile we 2. Measured CIELAB coordinates as of Vision and Visual Dysfunction drive, the products we purchase. It can reflected from BCRA tiles illuminated (General Editor: R. Cronly-Dillon), CRC serve as a form of expression or identity. by D65 and A settings as compared Press, Inc., Boca Raton , FL, 1991, Yet many take color for granted. with Hemmendinger Color Lab pp.218-261. Sometimes we wonder why a paint traceable D65 and A llluminant 2. Brill. M.H. and H. store can't produce a perfect color coordinates. Hemmendinger, "llluminant match (under all lighting conditions) The values that were obtained Dependence of Object-Color for the favorite color drapery material. statistically correlated with the Ordering," Die Farbe 32/33, 35-42 At other times we notice thatthe painted Hemmendingerdata, both for D65 and (1985/86). rubber bumpers on the newer A illumination settings. This shows automobiles do not seem to be as good that the small differences in the spectral AWARDS LUNCHEON a color match for the body paint when curves does not effect our visual viewed in the lighted parking garage at perception of the colors measured. Dr. james Worthey, NIST, night. Next, Dr. james E. Rodgers, Ill, Gaithersburg, MD, introduced Dr. Color can also be used to help us Monsanto Fibers and Intermediates Michael Brill the recipient of the recognize certain products. For Co., Pensacola, FL presented a paper Macbeth Award for 1996. Worthey instance, suppose you are sitting at a entitled, Analytical Methodology stated that Bri II received the award for restaurant table and the container that Considerations In A Comparative Study his pioneering and persevering work holds sugar packets (which are usually of Portable Color Measurement on the color constancy theory. white) also has some blue packets. Instrumentation. He described a Beginning with a 1978 publication, Without looking closer, what you would program that was implemented to Brill developed a "volumetric" model. expectthe blue packets to contain? Or evaluate various portable color The emphasis of this model, and in his perhaps you are shopping for some measuring instruments for their later work, was to find quantities that insulation material to add to your home, potential to monitor color parameters remain invariant under a change in and you notice that some rolls are on bobbins/cones of textile fibers. lighting. On occasion of this award, colored pink. Who might you expect Seven portable color measuring units James Worthey made a short to have been the manufacturer of the from five suppliers were evaluated. introductory speech. He described Brill material? Various color tiles and bobbin sample as a scientist who always reached out Kraai reviewed the basic science of sets were measured with each to learn from other people, and color while trying to address some of instrument. Choice depended on the incorporated their ideas into his own the legal questions that have surfaced user's own internal requirements. • work. He recalled the volumetric theory in the last few years. He pointed out Another paper entitled, Optimal in detail, illustrating the discussion with even in the trial ofO. J. Simpson, color, Geometry for Color Measurement of posterboard parallelopipeds. On a (of gloves, photographs and video) was Faceted Gemstones, was presented by personal note, Worthey recalled racing an issue. Judge Lance Ito remarked on Van Liu, Gemological Institute of a car to escape a heavy cloud over Sept. 12, 1995, "The issue of color (and America. In the past different (Continued~) ISCC NEWS NO. 362 6 ]UL Y/AUGUST 1996 measurement geometries have been 1949)} are also compared. Their results conditions. In addition, the program used to measure the color of faceted support the CIE94 recommendations; provides for color difference gemstones in the jewelry industry. the observed brightness varied calculations using CIELAB, CIELUV, There is no consistency among the data significantly in the test data sets w hich Lab(h), CMC(1 :1 ), CIE94, FMC1 and from the measurement with different may be due to local parametric effects. FMC2. It also provides for spectral data geometries. Liu concluded the talk by The lightness dependence connection to CIE tristimulus values calculated by stating that the results show that the appears to be a non-robust affect related using CIE, ASTM E308-95 and the 0/d geometry is optimal for color mea­ to local parametric effects; perhaps, Stearns data sets. This program can be surementofisotropic faceted gemstones. texture and I ightness of the estimates of used as a research tool to investigate

Using this geometry, the mea sured data 51 and K1 w ill be the most important color metrics of color order systems, to agree with visual observations. opportunities for improvement of the provide the transformation between Cl E Another paper entitled, Instrumental CIE94 model. A new experimental and color order system notations Measurement ofthe Visual APIA/PTO/ investigation in relation to specific (Munsell, NCS, etc.), as a teaching Haze Color Scale was presented by parametric factors would be useful. mechanism, or as a commercial tool to Gordon Leggett, Hunter Assoc. Visual Colour: A Demonstration obtain approximate conversions from Lab. ,Reston, VA. The instrumental presented by Neville S. Smith, color specification systems. The Measurement of the Visual AP IA/PTO/ Haze Color Scale was first proposed in 1892 as a visual yellowness scale. The APHA/PtCo/Hazen metric continues to be actively used today for color quality specification. Leggett reviewed the origin of the visual AP HA/PtCo/Hazen color scale, and described suitable methods for the best instrumental correlation of this scale.

POSTER SESSION

Th e following poster papers were presented: The Weighting Function for Lightness in the ClE94 Color Difference ' Model by M. Melgosa, E. Hita, A. J. Poza and M . M . Perez, University of Granada, Spain. This poster analyzed the improvements achieved by the ' ,. CIE94 color difference model when a Ms. Cynthia Sturke, Office Manager of ISCC helping Hugh Fairman with the linear function of the lightness, S =V registration 1 1+

K2 L*, is introduced as a weighting Cleveland, Eng land and Fred W. program is commercially available, runs function for the lightness difference Billmeyer, Jr., Schenectady, NY, USA. under Window 3.1 or Win95, has full 6L*.T hey also studied what parametric Smith explained th at the demonstration on-line help, and supports batch factors cou ld effect the optima l program is a Windows compatible processing, printing and filing. A

S1(K)function. From a data set of pass/ computer which converts between the demonstration program is available. fai l judgments, it has been shown by notations of leading color specification DCI-95, A New Color Tolerance Wittthatthis type of weighting function sys tems via the CIE sys tem. Equation and Global Color-Difference could improve the performance of the Implemented color specifi cation Metric, by Dr. Danny C. Rich, CIE94 model (CR&A 19, 273, 1994). systems include: Munsell, NCS, Datacolor International, Pri nceton, NJ. The authors compared the weighting D IN6164, Colorcurve, OSA/ UCS, CIE Technical Committee 1-28, functions for lightness proposed by the CIE LAB, CIELUV, RAL 840HR, RAL "Parametric Effects in color Difference recent color difference formula. The 841 GL and BS5252R. Three Evaluation" and 1-29, Industrial Color optimal S fundions fort he CIE94 model colorimetric source-observer Differences have issued reports and from several experimental data sets conditions are supported: C-1931, D65- recommendations. They describe {(R JT-DuPont, CR&A, 16, 297, 1991); 1931 and D65-1964. Many systems procedures for modifying the size or (Coates, et.al. , JSOC, 97, 179, 1981); are implemented for conversion for spacing of color differences projected (Brown-McAdam, JOSA., 39, 808, more than one set of colorimetric onto object color space by the CIELAB JSCC NEWS NO. 362 7 jULY/AUGUST 1996 color difference metric. The difference. in entertainment. Modifications compensate for the Rich described the background and textur~ of the object and for local-non­ basis for this metric, along with a result SYMPOSIUM REPORT uniformity of the Cl ELAB metric. These of calculations th at illustrate both the reports, along with the world wide uniformity of the metric an d its utility in Report on "Measurement of acceptance of the CMC color tolerance the setting and eva luation of industrial Appearance" Symposium, Orlando, FL. equation, have made poss ible th e color difference. disclosure of a previously proprietary The ISCC is now ON-LINE!!! Was Danny Rich and Hugh Fairman color tolerance equation. The equation presented by Rich Riffel, Accuracy organized this seminar on behalf of has had many years of fi eld testing w ith Microsensors, Pittsford, NY. This means ISCC and ASTM. Danny opened the excellent results and several favorable that the ISCC has a World Wide Web symposium with a quotation from Albert published comparisons against the Home Page. The page contains a va ri ety Einstein: " The most beautiful CMC and the M&S equations. of information; such as, th e Aims of experience we can have is the Within the last two years, several ISCC, Membership information, mysterious. It is the fundamental modifications have been added to th e Announcements, Calender of Events, emotion which stands at the cradle of Datacolor color tolerance equation. Member Body information, Sustaining true art and true science." The symposium embraced four broad topic areas: • Advanced Topics in Appearance Measurement • Images and Visual Appearance Measurement • Characterization of Li ghts Displays and Retroreflectors • Standards and Methods for Color Measurement

I. Advanced Topics in Appearance Measurement The first paper by Dr. Claudio Puebla, Ciba-Geigy Li mited,Grenzach, Germany was entitled:Modified Formula for Whiteness Assessment . Dr. Puebla described and defined the term "white" from the equations for CI E Whiteness and Tint. Those are the simplified derivations of equations used Or. Bill Th ornton receiving the Certificate of Appreciation from Dr. Ellen Carter by Ganz and Griesser. M athematical treatment of the data can significantly These modifications are both Members, Organization ofiSCC, Board improve agreement between mathematically and psychophysically of Directors. Information contained in instruments util izing different fundamental. The modifications are the home page will be revised as ca librations, geometries and spectral not merely empirical adjustments to necessary. The Page is available via so urces for the measurement of the local CIE LAB spacing, but are URL http://www.iscc.org. There is a whiteness and tint. This requires the indeed, reversi b le mathematical mail tag included which allows one to sa mple illumination to be stabilized transformations of the CIELAB metric communicate with the offices of the and spectrally fitted to a desired th at deri ve a more nearly uniform metric ISCC or the Board of Directors. As you standard illuminant. This improves the for object color space. This resu lts in a go surfing by, please evaluate this entry matching of different measuring color difference metric which conforms into the modern day information world instruments for whiteness. He suggested to the Weber-Fechner law and is both and let us know what you think of it. that the Cl E method should be upgraded locally and globally approximately The Luau Banquet by incorporating components o( this visually uniform. This implies that this The days activities concluded w ith a procedure. metric, unlike CMC, M&S and TC 1-29 Lu au Banquet at the Disney Polynesian Anthony Bristow, Swedish Pu Ip and allows the interchange of the standard Village. Over one hundred from the Paper Institute, Stockholm, Sweden, and batch in a color difference spa ce seminar attended the luau. Disney presented a paper entitled: Non­ with no change in the predicted color continued its reputation for excellence Linearity in the Measurement of (Continued-+) ISCC NEWS NO. 3&2 8 JULY/AUGUST 1996

Fluorescence Using an Integrating Published to induce internationa l quantitatively, the texture of a surface Sphere . He commented on the researchers to perform hard copy/soft in two dimensions was reviewed. differences in fluorescence, whiteness copy image comparison experiments Dr. joann Taylor, Color Technology and tint va lues from addition ofTable 6 and provide data to the TC. Six Solutions, Portland, OR, presented a in Standard Test method for Computing researchers from around the world paper en titled;Color in Medical the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE responded with data and results. Imaging and Telemedicine: A System, ASTM E-308. Special attention Promising color appearance model Perspective on Today & the Future. should be given to the non-linearity of results were obtained for the CIELAB, Color medical imaging techniques and interaction between radiation emitted von Kr ies, Hunt, RLAB and BSD models the problems associated with them were by the fluorescence test piece and light evaluated under different viewing reviewed. Taylor commented on the from the light source. Non-linearity condi tions across hard copy and soft lack of standards in multi modality differences exist between sphere and copy media. images and as a result the difficulty in bi-directional geometries. However, results were inconsistent interpretation. Utilization, purpose and David Burns, 3M, St. Paul, MN, among researchers. Future work is interaction of telemedicine in today's presented a paper entitled:Practica/ centered around resolving these societywasreviewed. DICOMprovides Fluorescent Measurement. He defined inconsistencies. the industry standards used to specify fluorescence and described the Andrew F. Rutkiewic, consultant, the color imaging solutions. There are mechani sm for it, rev iewed its USA, presented a paper entitled: many unanswered questions that lead applications from biological analysis Computer Manipulated Image to more work in this field. to visual signaling. The accuracy and reproduci bi Iity of measured fluorescent colors requires the use of instruments of greater precision th an that required for the measurement of non-fluorescent colors. He reviewed the current ASTM Standards on the measurement of fluorescent samples and concluded that there is a need for better methodology for th e colorimetri c evaluation of fluorescent materials. Dr. Gorow Baba, Murakam i Color Resea rch Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan, presented the paper:On the Measurement of Total Luminous Transmittance and Haze of Plastics. He reported a discrepancy between the numerical results obtained when measuring haze in accordance with ASTM Dl 003, Method A or B. Baba had some suggestions for this discrepancy and showed some Ms. Paula Alessi receiving the Certificate of Appreciation from Dr. Ellen Carter modifi ed equations developed in Japan to eliminate this discrepancy Standards for Visual Evaluation of the Neville S. Smith, Consultant, Appearance Properties of Materials. Stockton-on-Trent, Cleveland, II. Images and Visual Appearance When complex images are to be UK. presented a paper entitled; Virtual Measurement eva luated, existing instrumentation for Colour: Communication Standard and the measurement of appearance are Analytical Tool. A number of problems Paula Alessi, Eastman KodakCo., inadequate. To evaluate the visua lly withexistingcolorspecificationsystems Rochester, NY, presented a paper progressive change in a single attribute with their physical exemplification are entitled; Color Appearance Model of a complex image, series of identified. Developments in computer Evaluation for Hardcopy/Softcopy photographic images are very helpful. science, particularly CRT displays Image Comparison. She stated the Byusingcomputerimagemanipulation provide affordable alternatives to scope of CIETechnical Committee (TC) techniques and one or two images, a traditional color ranges and atlases. 27,Specification of Color Appearance complete range of accurate stepped Smith has developed techniques to for Reflective Media and Self Luminous images were generated. The use of this increase the accuracy of printed colors Displays. She described CIE gu idelines. computer manipulation to vary, to their CRT originals. He suggested ISCC NEWS NO. 362 9 jULY/AUGUST 1996 that the audience should consider the grouped near the Planckian Locus, signals from them are used to compute benefits of an application specific color roughly near 3000K, 3500K and 4000K. the tristimulus values. Hard is reported order system. The 40001color temperature and Optically these four angles are good higher perceived brightness per watt of intensity of light booths is becoming a parameters of the object's performance lamplight in an illuminated space. The manufacturing requirement. and will guide improved testing power-content in these lamplights is Calibration of light booths is required procedures. This is a theoretical model concentrated in three particular to validate the original reason why they and probably will never have a wavelength regions; near 450nm in the were developed; to provide retroreflectometer based on these blue-violet, 530nm in the green and standardized lighting for visual angles. 61 Onm in the orange-red. Over the last inspections. He explained the meaning 20 years, the triband lamplight has of color temperature as used in IV. Standards and Methods for Color become common in worldwide lightbooths. Since color temperature is Measurement illumination. Commercial products are the generally accepted method of routinely viewed in this illumination. describing daylight in a light booth, Hugh Fairman, Hemmendinger The CIE has long listed a single triband adjusting the color temperature Color Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, fluorescent SPD, F11. However, the becomes a necessity for calibration presented the first paper: The Use of triband Iampi ight has become purposes. Unfortunately there is no the Dual Calibration in Hemispherical commercially available in many forms, simple method for users to recalibrate Spectrophotometry. After defining dual perhaps 30 or 40 different varieties. Its their instruments or know when its calibration Hugh Fairman described SPD is not correctly regulated. The color temperature is out of spec. the methods of dual calibration. He intent was to ascertain whether one or McGuire described the solution that examined the magnitude of possible more ofthese varieties yields a possible Taylored Lighting offered. error introduced by failure to calibrate specification of the Standard Triband in this manner. Dual calibration offers llluminant, and if one or more actual Dr. Jonathan E. Hardis, NIST, one of the most potent tools to improve sources used in typical viewing booth. Gaithersburg, MD presented the next the accuracy of spectrophotometry. The Accurate SPD measurements were paper;Obtaining Colorimetric Data error can be as much as ten percent of made of 26 Triband fluorescent from a Visual Display Unit Using the specular component at some lamplights of five different sizes, Tristimulus Colorimeters. He pointed wavelengths. For some colors, 0.4- manufactured by six of the world's out the fact that ASTM Subcommittee 0.60/o reflectance for glossy specimen, lampmakers from the USA, Europe and E-12.06 is working to develop can produce as much as two CIELAB Japan. The SPDs of most of the 26 standardizing procedures that measure units of absolute error. This method of lamplights were remarkably similar. color on display screens. Hard is stated dual calibration is recommended for Chromaticity, correlated color that the most accurate means of all situations where specular temperature, lumen content and measuringthetristimulus values from a component is included in efficacy (lumen output per watt display is by using a spectroradiometer. hemispherical measurements. extended in the arc) using the 1 nm However, tristimuluscolorimeters,with Paula Knee, National Physics absolute SPDs were computed. colored filters find wide use because of Laboratory, Teddington, UK, presented Measured lamplight chromaticities their simplicity and low cost, and the (Continued~) ISCC NEWS NO. 362 10 )UL Y/AUGUST 1996 the second paper entitled: Uniformity nearly i dentical results whether Macbeth, Jr., in honor of the memory of and Thermochromism of Color measuring in the laboratory or in the his father, Norman Macbeth,one of the Standards. Excellent precision of production line. Desired replication founding members of the ISCC and modern spectrophotometers for surface can be achieved between the two founder of Macbeth Daylight Corpora­ color measurement required transfer measurements, by mathematically tion, now part of Kollmorgen. It is standards of greater uniformity that are correlating the results obtained from presented every second year for out­ also free of thermochromism. She the portable instrumentation with those standing recent contri butions to the field presented the results obtained in a study from bench top units. Color decisions of color. of uniformity of surface color standards can be made immediately at the This year ISCC is honored to give from six different types of material from production line using the portable this award to Dr . Michael Brill for his six different countries. The data showed instruments. Lad sen concluded his talk singul ar contribution to the that a painted card and a plastic material by stating that data can be transferred understanding of color constancy were more uniform than other standard electronically, inter-factory for instance A remarkable fact of human color types of materials. The study also and results compared immediately. vision is that a surface's color analyzed the effects of Danny Rich closed the seminar by appearance is stable under conditions thermochromism. The variation in summarizing its contents and thanking of varying illumination. Starting in results caused by thermochromism is each one of the participants. 1978, Dr. Brill has developed a model not a problem with achromatic colors. The original report ofth e 65th Annual which employed a different, ingenious The error is greatest on colors that have Meeting of ISCC and the ISCC-ASTM strategy. Dr. Brill's volumetric model a steep spectral slope. Committee E-12 joint Symposium were does not estimate the iII umi nant spectra I Dr. Roy Berns, RIT, Rochester, NY, prepared by Mr. jack Ladson and will power distribution, but makes use of presented the third paper of the session be published in its entirety in the i lluminant invariances to estimate entitled: A Practical Technique to October issue of the Color Research surface reflectancesdirectly. Dr. Bri ll's Diagnose Spectrophotometric Errors. and Application. theoretical work has been at the Berns described the reference white, TheeditorofiSCCNEWS thanksMr. forefront of the modern development reference black and wavelength errors Ladson for providing the report for use of color constancy models. on color imetric accuracy. These in this newsletter. Dr. Brill is a memberoftheTechnical parameters are simulated for the BCRA ifl1grbrth 2lmord Staff at the David Sarnoff Research Series II tile set. He stated that CIE94 Center, Princeton, NJ where he is color differences up to 5.2 units could involved in developing a model for result. The errors were linear with ::a%' very two years the ISCC is honored color video-image quality for video respect to CIELAB differences for each 4.:.-to be able to present the presti­ encoding. tile. A technique was developed that gious Macbeth Award. This award was Dr. Brill has a PhD in Physics from enabled f1L *, f1a* and f1b*between a established in 1970 by Norman ca librated tile and its measured value to be transformed into estimates of reference white, black and wavelength errors. Berns identified the cyan tile as the most effective tile for this technique. He showed the equations for 45°'/0° and 5°/hemispherical geometries. Berns ) concluded by stating that measuring the cyan tile on a regu lar basis and transforming its colorimetri c coordinates into spectrophotometric error metrics provides a useful method to validate a color-measuring instrument's accuracy and reproducibility. jack ladson, BYK-Gardner USA,S ilver Spring, MD, presented the last paper of the symposium entitled: Correlating Portable Color Instruments With Bench-Top Units. Some use rs of color measuring instrum.ents desire Dr Michael H. Brill giving his Macbeth Award acceptance speech ISCC NEWS NO. 362 11 JULY/AUGUST 1996

Syracuse University. He has been a of which the model is only the smallest really quite nebulous. At first I seemed positive force within the ISCC. He was manifestation. This world view is not to feel that a thorough study of modern a member of the Board of Directors originally mine, but was born of the physical theories and the latest (1992-1995). This year he has been larger vision of two of my mentors developments in particle physics and elected as the President-Elect of ISCC. during the 1970s, when I was doing my field theory might provide valuable Dr. Brill continues to serve on the doctoral work. I did this work in clues. Gradually, however, I got Editorial Board of Color Research and absentia from Syracuse University discouraged from this view, mainly Application, and was recently under the direction of Professor Jerome because these fields were still quite appointed as Associate Editor for Y. Lettvin, who held a joint unsettled and rapidly evolving. If we Physics Essays. professorship in Biology and Electrical are looking for clues of permanent Engineering at MIT. I also had value, I felt, we should be studying Michael H. Brill appreciable unofficial guidance from structures which have already evolved Dr. HOsey in Yilmaz, who had earned a permanent features. By this criterion, I am grateful to the Macbeth Award physics Ph.D. at MIT and was president however, we might just as well give up Committee and to the ISCC for selecting of a consulting company called the whole physical science as a topic to me to receive the Macbeth Award this Perception Technology Corporation in study since hardly anything in it is more year. Now I would like to say a few Winchester, MA. than three hundred years old. thingsaboutthework, and considerably Before meeting Yilmaz, I had ~'Apparently, then, we must study more about my two mentors who stumbled around reading vision­ cognitive structures much older than inspired it. science papers for a year or so. Then I modern science, yet exhibiting features I am receiving the Macbeth Award joined the Air Force in 1972 (in absentia somehow meaningfully resembling for my work in color constancy-that from graduate school), and gotto know modern science. Possibly, a study of is, for my attempts to explain the fact Yilmaz in the context of his speech­ the elementary perceptual phenomena that a surface's color appearance is recognition algorithm. This algorithm could be the thing to do. I felt that the stable under change of illumination. was based on an analogy with color phenomenon of color perception would As has been said before, the volumetric vision, whereby vowel sounds comprise be a convenient starting point in this model does not estimate the illuminant a space of a few dimensions similar to respect because in its long evolution spectrum, but makes use of illuminant tristimulus space. (The speech analogue the human eye must have assimilated invariances to estimate surface of illuminant-invariance is speaker­ some permanent features of light and reflectances directly. The model also independence.) I was very impressed radiation in the environment. The sun can be used to estimate illuminant­ with Yi Imaz' s command of several fields is therefore more than a billion years, invariant color relationships , as on a of physics and by his integration of practically unchanged. The structure multicolored object. This option frees these fields with human and machine of the earth and its atmosphere, the the viewer from needing a set of perception. But I did not understand biological environments, and natural "reference" objects whose reflectances his unifying perspective until I read an objects were essentially the same or are known. Recent visual experiments essay he had written for the Boston very nearly so during the whole have indeed borne out that more Colloquium for the Philosophy of evolutionary history of color vision. It complex scenes have greater color Science. Here is the start of that essay: should then be reasonable to assume constancy, which points to the "Some years ago as a physicist that the dire necessity of survival must constancy of color relationships rather working on quantum mechanics and have instilled into the structure of color than estimation of reflectances one-by­ general relativity, I started to think perception of living beings some one. Using color relationships, it is (at seriously on the nature of physical permanently relevant features of this least theoretically) possible to track science and its theories. My purpose environment. These features, whether multicolored objects through a was, of course, to find some general conscious or not, should manifest in complicated environment under and meaningful concepts through our daily I ives as cognitive acts because variable illumination, without which I might understand the process such features would be part of an overall estimating the reflectance of any of the of science and theory construction inner model we, as organisms, build object's parts, and without reference better, and hopefully develop some regarding the environmental niches in surfaces. Human vision may use the methods and strategies for the which we live and survive. model (probably at a cognitive level), construction of new theories in the ''Thus, if we hold color perceptit>n and machine vision could definitely future. Such an activity, I presume, as a kind of unconscious and ancient benefit by it. This is what I see as the belongs to the dangerous province of science, its study might be revealing future of the model. the philosophy of science. with regard to the philosophy of science. Having made this brief sales pitch, I "I am sure everyone considers such With intent to learn something about will say no more aboutthe model itself. matters from time to time and my how to do science from elementary Instead, I will talk about a world view impressions of how to proceed were perception, I therefore started to study (Continued~) ISCC NEWS NO. 362 12 JULY/AUGUST 1996 the method by which the human eye subconscious mind to lock me out of differing only in their abilities to reflect perceives colors and colored objects." my apartment, whereupon I visited light [ ... ] Given a table covered with [H. Yilmaz, Perception and the Lettvi n to get he Ip preparing my defense pieces of paper, the problem is to track Philosophy ofScience, essay presented speech. Lettvin saw I was in no one of these as the papers are shuffled to the Boston Colloquium for the condition to compose golden oratory, and the illumination is changed from Philosophy of Science, 28 October so he dictated to me a preface justifying time to time .and from place to place. 1969] the dissertation, which I dutifully wrote The only [constraint] is that boundaries Many physicists have spent some down. More than his published work, in the lighting are not coextensive with time in color science, including this justification conveyed to me the boundaries of what is lighted. Under Newton, Maxwell, Helmholtz, essence of his views on color-vision these circumstances, we want the Rayleigh, and Schrodinger. Even as a research. Let me share excerpts of it optimal system fortrackingthesheetof graduate student, I had the impression with you now: paper. that these great scientists had viewed "The basic problem of color vision is The problem is addressed in part by color as an interestingsidelight,oreven to decide what the process is viewed Lynette Linden's thesis, which extends as a youthful dalliance (as in the case of from the point of view of purpose. the notion from sheets of paper to areas Schradinger), but not as a significant There are too many ways of describing in a retinal image of the three­ career path. Not so for Dr. Yilmaz, as a complex process (especially dimensional world. From Euler's his essay amply illustrates. biological) if you do not know its theorem, all graphs are decomposable After only three months in the Air purpose. (By 'purpose' I do not mean into third-order vertices by expanding Force, I returned to graduate school. anything too deep; the purpose of a a vertex point into a circle. All vertices Very soon, I had to seek dissertation kidney is to excrete, etc.) We want to arethird-order, except(i) from accidents advice outside Syracuse. I would have know the purpose of color vision. of viewpoint (resolved by head been delighted to study color science "My notion of purpose is an movements); (ii) from cosurficial with Yi I maz, but my department engineering goal-a device is built to boundaries such as the cleaved end of required that the advisor have a the specifications of some consumer. a rock; and (iii) from partial transparency university affiliation and preferably a This is different from determining the obscuring a boundary or shadow. In prestigious one. It was for this reason purpose of a finished product after the general, in a view of the world, the that Yilmaz introduced me to Jerome fact. The purpose gives rise to a set of numberofhigher-ordervertices is small Lettvin, from MIT. By fortunate engineering rules for a device to be (of order zero) as verifiable from a coincidence, at Syracuse I'd heard useful to machines that imitate animals. photo taken of any scene. The Euler Lettvin give a fascinating talk based on The problem, then, could be phrased theorem is important to vision because his essay, "The Colors of Colored as follows: On the sixth day God a star point seen through any ocular Things", which was famous at MIT but subcontracts color vision to some medium goes into a blur circle (hence unknown elsewhere. Like Yilmaz, engineering firm. What would be the even the higher-order vertices are Lettvin had a teleological view of specifications? naturally decomposed into third-order perception, but his emphasis was on vertices). the interaction of engineering and "I don't know what color vision is, "Under these circumstances, the biology. Within a year I moved to but have built a model for what I think maximum amount of information from Boston, and began a dissertation under it should be, and examined it for a scene whereby to compare surfaces his direction. In the process I attended aptness. arises only from places where surfaces every Lettvin lecture I could. I learned "Here, then is how God might have bound each other. Even without about everything from physiology to laid it out. There is a fair amount of appealing to the physiology of lateral psychiatry and mythology. [Here's an light. Objects are distinct by form, and connections, we are constrained by the example: "In Freudian psychiatry, two similar forms can be distinct by an arbitrariness of the light distribution to everything reminds you of sex, but in extension-free variable expressing the do a comparison across a boundary. Greek mythology, sex reminds you of nature of the surface. This variable, The highest number of comparisons, everything."] Lettvin was the closest I distinct from form and texture, we'll given by the Euler theorem, is three. have seen to a modern Renaissance call color. (Color is extension-free [ ... ] man. The only negative effect of my because we can imagine a red point "Helmholtz, in discussing color attendinghislectureswasthatl became but not a square point.) Ifthe boundaries constancy (that is, apparent persistence impatient and restless at anyone else's of the light are not coincident with of color, attributes to particular objects lectures. those of objects, then we can evaluate under change of illumination), Soon itcametimeformydissertation the extension-free quantities ifwe know remarked that it was as if one defense, in August of 1974. Certain the form. 'subtracted' the color of the illumination critical phone calls from my committee "[Let us] take some colored papers, from the colors seen. This was a on the eve of the defense led my of the same texture and size, and metaphor, unrealizable since light · JSCC NEWS NO. 362 13 JULY/AUGUST 1996 illuminating an object is not necessarily illumination and reflecting surfaces So you can see, the volumetric idea, the same as the light illuminating me: I encountered in man's evolution, this among others, evolved through my have no way ~f determining it. thesis is not pure science in the sense of interactions with Yilmaz and lettvin. "I'm taking as my engineering goal laying down immutable laws. It is a Neither of my mentors has enjoyed this vague and difficult-to-test color kind of engineering trickery by which popu I arity in the color-science constancy as the point of my we give an imagined consumer what community, but I think the time has construction. [ ... ] As applied to the he asks for. I imagine a science of color come to acknowledge their problem set out by le Bon Dieu, there vision will deal with exact composition contribution. Many of the AI are the following constraints. There of pigments and the nature of synaptic researchers at MIT, and also the can be no absolute judgment of transmitters (whatever they are), but in psychologists who have recently reflectance without knowing the light this thesis I'll be concerned only with popularized the notion of "natural incident on a surface (and this is strategy, and will give an example of computation", have benefited from the unknowable by visual information). The how this strategy can be early work (especially lettvin's). I've light reflected can have any action accomplished." U. Y. lettvin, Aug. 6, even seen a few trihedral vertices spectrum since one can take any surface 1974] marching across the landscape from a and illuminate it with a light [with] a I used this text in preparing for my central depot in lettvin's lab. particular action spectrum. Even with dissertation defense, but I did not read More important than this the luxury of a wavelength-by­ it verbatim, because it wasn't my work. retrospective is the fact that, even now, wavelength comparison across Now, I feel it is time to share lettvin's I can go back and read the words of boundaries, alii could talk of would be words with my friends in the ISCC. Yilmaz and lettvin, and be inspired all relative reflectance across a boundary They are words of a great thinker, who over again to a mission that is sure to (as in spectrophotometry). has had a subtle and unrecognized exceed my grasp. ''The subjective absolute we call the influence on several fields including Michael H. Brill color of an object (by which we mean color science. to imply some quality of reflectance of In lettvin's words lay a nascent idea the object) cannot even with the best from which I developed the volumetric NEW OFFICERS OF apparatus be determined as an absolute theory: the comparison of multiple areas in situ. Nonetheless, it is useful to in the visual field to produce illuminant­ ISCC suppose a relational quality of the invariant judgments. My thesis work­ surface with respect to surfaces around and my later numerical experiments ~he ISCC Board of Directors met it can be transformed into such a with color gamuts-screamed ~Saturday, May 4, 1996, in Or­ subjective absolute. [ ... ] "volumetric theory" to me, but I could lando, Fl before the Annual Meeting "There are very practical reasons for not find the right path to completion and approved the following officers and taking the rei ativistic [rei ational] until I had rejoined Yilmaz in 1977 to the three new Directorsthatwereelected approach, the most compelling of work at his company. I had already by the voting members and delegates of which is experimental: In land's written the preliminary paper (which ISCC. symphony of color contrasts, he shows was published the following year). But that an area from which a fixed light I did not see how to turn the theory into President: Dr. Ellen C. Carter composition emerges can be seen as an object-color recognizer-until I read Pres. Elect: Dr. Michael H. Brill any hue of the rainbow (pretty much), a speech-recognition report Yi lmaz had Secretary: Dr. Danny C. Rich depending on the surround. It cannot written for the Air Force in 1976. In it Treasurer: Mr. Hugh S. Fairman be so that subjective color is a simple was a version of the algorithm I was Past Pres: Mr. Roland l. Connelly rigid transformation from Newton's looking for. This algorithm removed space (such as ICI space). the speaker's modulating spectrum from New Board Members for three year My problem, then, is to account for a mis speech sounds in the same way as term (1996-1999) are: these judgments, and I've chosen the I sought to remove the illuminant Dr. Helen H. Epps synthetic route. My procedure is to spectrum from object color. Yilmaz University of Georgia suppose a trihedral vertex (three pie­ himself insisted that this algorithm had Mr. )ames R. Keiser wedge areas coming to a point). These more resemblance to his color theory DuPont Automotive Products areas each have a characteristic (in which chromatic adaptation was a Mr. Jack Ladson reflectance I cannot know. [ ... ] We lorentz transformation) than to my BYK-Gardner USA want to set up a system that considers volumetric theory. But I saw it the ordering of these three areas. [ ... ] differently. All I did was reverse The addresses and phone numbers of "Because I have decided to look for Yilmaz's color-speech analogy after the elected officers and new Board the source of subjective invariance Yilmaz had added value in the speech­ /~embers are I isted at the end of this ('color constancy') in limitations on recognition domain. newsletter. ISCC NEWS NO. 362 14 JULY/AUGUST 1996

OBITUARY

WILLIAM J. KIERNAN PAST PRESIDENT OF ISCC (1962-1964)

William J. Kiernan died March 4, 1996, at the age of 87. He suffered from Rumatoid Arthritis. Kiernan was born in Brooklyn, NY but lived in the Gibson section of Valley Stream, NY, before moving to Florham Park in 1947. His wife, Laura, still resides at 38 Beechwood Road, Florham Park, NJ 07932 (tel: 201/ 377-4332). Kiernan was an officer of ISCC for nearly a decade, serving successively as Director 1958-1960, Vice-President 1960-1962, President 1962-1964, and Director 1964-1966. In addition to ISCC, Kiernan was very active in ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint and E-12 on Appearance, serving three two year terms (the statuary limit) as chairman of the latter. For this and other accomplishments, ASTM honored him with their award of Merit in 1972. Kiernan was a 1936 graduate of New York University. He worked as a research chemist with Bell Labs in New York until 1947, when he became supervisor at Bell Labs in Murray Hill section of Berkley Heights, a position he held until retirement in 1971. Kiernan had responsibility for the paint used on telephone equipment including the color. Telephone equipment had habitually been painted black, but Kiernan succeeded in changing the color specification to a much more pleasing blue-gray that is sti II being used. He was also responsible for the acceptance or rejection of the colors specified for other types of telephone equipment such as telephones, public telephone booths and signs indicating their location. In addition to his wife, Laura, Kiernan is survived by two daughters, Claudia Sena of Long Beach Island, NJ, andMadelineOknerofLakeMohawk; a son William of Cos Cob, CT; seven grandchildren and one greatgrandson.

Harry K. Hammond Ill june 10, 1996 ISCC NEWS NO. 362 15 JULY/AUGUST 1996

complexity noted above. great enough differences in curves that REPORT OF THE Standardization is needed. they can not all be considered the Yglesias commented on additional same. PROJECT use of lamps as decorative objects Thornton noted that the efficiency themselves not just to view other of CWF is what has been outlawed. He COMMITTEE 50 objects. For example, the Paris Opera believes that the same SPD exists in House required specific tubes as part of other sources. He recommended Commercial Lamp Light SPDs the architecture. against obtaining data from lamp Rich Riffel wanted to learn if the makers. fi:\roject Committee 50 met Mon­ differences between CWF and new Stanziola noted that the industrial ~ day, May 6, 1996 at ISCC 1996 triband lamps are greater than the users of CWF for critical color matching Annual Meeting in Orlando, FL. Dr. differences among existing CWF lamps. a Iready experience more problems than Danny Rich, acting chair conducted If not, then this problem cannot be users of daylight. the meeting. solved. Rich noted the differences in Acting chairman D. Rich also CWF lamp lights are rapidly being SPD curve between Philips Tl84, recommends that after two years of replaced by newer lamps lacking CIE Osram Dulux and CWF. All are questions about the validity, that this specification. The Project Committee approximately 41 OOK lamps, but have committee be disbanded for lack of is going to collect SPD (_$)ectral QOwer technical feasibility. distribution) data of new lamps, and Ann C. Laidlaw intend to quantify, tabulate and publish the data. However, there are several questions, such as "which lamps are Ms Tricia Hilliard important?" and '' who can provide The following is a list of new members 944 Oakland Ave.,Rm B-5 tabular data ?"that need to be answered as approved by the Board of Directors Indiana, PA 151 01 before ISCC can distribute the data. particular interest: the effects color has The following items were discussed: Dr. john Richard Aspland on fashion design, i.e., particularly why Stanziola noted significant Clemson University, School of Textiles color changes through the season differences between actual CWF lamps Clemson, SC 29634-1307 · and nominal SPD. Rich has purchased particular interest: color; color mea­ Mr. Shawn A. johnson lamps from different parts of the country, match prediction, shade sort­ sur~ment, PPG Industries then averaged. ing 10800 South 13th St. Berns suggested increased activity Oak Creek, WI 531 54 in spectroradiometry by instrument Dr. David Burton particular interest: spectrophotometric manufacturers. Simon noted an effort Virginia Commonwealth Univ. measurements, software-based color at Clemson University regarding low­ P. Box 842519 0. adjusting and analysis, visual interpre­ cost spectroradiometry for graphic arts. Richmond, VA 23284-2519 tation of color, color education Spectral differences between different particular interest: color theory, history simulatorsofD50were noted. McCamy of color Mr. lan Kenchington noted the complexity of collecting Tennessee Electroplating Ms Regan W. Chichester spectroradiometric data. 164 Viar Rd, Box 244 Saltzman commented on the need 26 Rock Street Ripley, TN 38063 for standard lamps and reiterated Bob Cold Spring, NY 1 0516 particular interest: color matchinglmea­ Hunt's suggestion to measure lamps, particular interest: psychological effects, surement(visually/spectrophotometrid not to standardize illuminants. visual perception, color education and of automotive exterior parts Saltzman also cited McDonald's paper applications within design and art. documenting that Marks& Spencer's use Mr. Kenneth larson of triband lamps saved energy and Mr. Richard Cryer Kesign Design Consulting expenses, but cost their suppliers Etchings, Ink 10519 Yarmouth Avenue millions.This paper was provided to 469 Riversville Rd. Granada Hills, CA 91344 the Editor of CR&A for possible Greenwich, CT 06831 particular interest use of color in int~­ republication. (McDonald was one of particular interest: fundamental research rior, motion picture set design, keeping the principal developers of the CMC on color current on trends especially film of the equation.) Saltzman stated that lamps future are used for viewing, users can't be responsible for performing their own independent calibrations due to the (Continued~) ISCC NEWS NO. 362 16 JULY/AUGUST 1996

Ms Tracey P. Moorer Dr. Vaclav Prchal Ms Archana Szpak BASF Corp. Faculty of Chemistry Ford Motor Company 26701 Telegraph Rd. Technical University BRNO 6626 Kings Mill Drive Southfield, M l 48034 VESLARSKA 230 Canton, M l 48187 particular interest: applied research, CZ-63700 Brno particular interest: color control and color theory and industrial applicati on CZECH REPUBLIC color matching particular interest: color qual ity con­ trol, color matching

BIRTHDAY CELEBRATION OF INTEREST!

• We have (wo scientists born under the sign of Cancer. • Both are ·celebrating a birthday in July (and only a few days apart) • Both have the first name of David. • If there was a Color Hall of Fame - both would be recognized.

Yes, dear friends - they need no introduction.

Dr. W.David Wright

whose 90th birthday fa lls on Jul y 6th. His contribution to color was printed in the May/ june 1996 iss ue of ISCCNEWS.

Dr. David MacAdam

w hose 86th birthday fa lls on July 1st. Among his accomplishments in color who can ever forget th e MacAdam Ellipses.

We, the Members, Officers and the Board of Directors, wish both of you a very Happy Birthday.

God Bless You Both. ISCC NEWS NO. 362 17 JULY/AUGUST 1996

Then they compare results found with newinstrumentationavailable. Hethen COLOR RESEARCH this equation to those of the earlier goes on to describe the program in the theoretical equation. United States to standardize the data AND APPLICATION Moving to research done in Great collection, particularly the work done Britain, since 1991 there have been a in the committee on Appearance of the IN THIS ISSUE, August 1996 series of five artictles in this journal American Society for Testing and reporting on the development of a large Materials (ASTM). ~he first two articles in this issue · data base of visual experiments in color The final article in this issue, "Color ~are from Japan. For the past sev­ matching performed at the and Nighttime Pedestrian Safety eral years, Dr. Yoshinobu Nayatani and Loughborough University of Markings," also relates to an ASTM his co-workers have been studying color Technology Computer-Human committee. The ASTM subcommittee appearance, in particular the effect of Interface (LUTCHI) Research Center. E12.08 on High Visibility Materials illuminance level on the equivalent These articles described the produced a standard for specifying the lightness of chromatic object colors. quantification of the color appearance nighttime visibility of retroreflective While first described for aperture col­ using experiments involving the markings for pedestrians. While ors, the Helmholtz-Kohlrausch effect, magnitude estimation method of retroreflective markings do help that is, the phenomenon that there is an evaluating a single color stimulus in a motorists see pedestrians at night, they increase in brightness or Iightness when simpleviewingfield. However, in many are only helpful if the pedestrians the purity of a color stimulus is in­ applications there are confounding choose to wear them. In order to be creased, also is apparent in object col­ parameters: the visual fields are appealing to users, the standard allows ors. In 1994 Dr. Nayatani reported on complex, and the color images are in great freedom in designing the two approaches to quantify the different media such as color monitors retroreflective markings including the He I mholtz-Koh lrausch effect for object and electronic printers. In order to use of color. It is true that color can colors and examined the prediction of extend the data base to include complex increase conspicuity as well as fashion the effect with a color appearance images, Mei-Chun Lo, M. Ronnier Luo, appeal. However, the use of luminance model. However, non-linear color­ and Peter A. Rhodes used two as the measure of conspicuity could appearance models are quite complex techniques to assess the color discourage colored markings because to use. In this issue, Yoshinobu Nayatani reproduction quality of the complex one gets greater luminance from whites. and Motohiro Nakajima report on a images, binocular memory and In their article, William Venable and study to develop a model by using the simultaneous matching techniques. In W. N. Hale describe the dimensionless CIELUV space to predict H-K type ef­ "Evaluating Colour Models' "color factor" to use in relating the fects. In "prediction of the Helmholtz­ Performance Between Monitor and perceived conspicuity of colored Kohlrausch Effect Using the CIELUV Print Images" the results are reported retroreflectors to the costumary Formula," they reported computational and used to compare the performance luminance measurements. procedures for estimating the various of different color models. In this month's Color Forum, effects that are simple and easy to use The next article in this issue also Michael H. Brill poses the question, while still producing results similar to deals with appearance, but it is restricted "Do Tristimulus Values Have Units?" those of the non-linear color appear­ to a very specialized colorant, metallic Dr. Brill reviews the various forms ance mod~l. flakes. For the past fifty years tristimulus values take, which include The second article, "Prediction of automobile manufacturers have been values having units of power or others the Helmholtz-Kohlrausch Effect (VCC adding metallic flakes to some of the with no dimensions at all. Then he method) using the Swedish NCS coatings for automobiles. This discusses the quandary that this can System" focuses on the variable procedure has grown in popularity bring about. chromatic color (VCC) method of because of the fascinating luster and As the use of the CIE 1976 color­ quantifying the Helmholtz-Kahlrausch color changes that occur when the difference formulae grew, many people effect. In this method the lightness of angle of view is changed. With highly preferred to calculate the values in the chromatic sample is varied (holding mobile objects, such as a car, the effects terms of lightness, chroma, and hue the chromaticity coordinates constant) can be striking. The science of the components rather than lightness, a• I until the chromatic sample is deemed a color measurement and formulation and b•. In 1991 I RobertS~ve presented match to the achromatic reference involving these special pigmets is still a "New formula for the computation of sample. In this study Yoshinobu evolving. C. S. McCamy describes the CIE 1976 hue difference." In 19!2, Nayatani and Motohiro Nakajima "Observation and Measurement of the Michael Stokes and Michael Brill derived the predictive equation of the Appearance of Metallic Materials." In contributed a note on "Efficient VCC method using the CIELUVformula "Part I. Macro Appearance," Mr. computation of 6H*ab". However, on the basis of the colorimetric values McCamy discusses the terminology and efficient the computation is, it is not of the Swedish NCS colors directly. methodsofmeasurementincludingthe convenient with small computing (Continued~) ISCC NEWS NO. 362 18 JULY/AUGUST 1996 devices because it requires a testofthe sign ofthe number. In the Communications and Comments section of this journal, Dr. Robert S~ve presents a "Practical RIT MUNSELL Formula for the Computation of CIE 1976 Hue Difference," that does not involve a sign test. COLOR SCIENCE Ellen C. Carter President, ISCC ~lCRYEXPAf\aJ\J Editor Color Research & Application tilr'he demand for color science ~graduates, color science research, and industrial education in color tech­ LETTER OF APPRECIATION nology continues to increase. Roches­ ter Institute of Technology's Munsell 'if received the following letter from Dr. Stephen Wright, son of Dr. David Wright, Color Science laboratory ended its first ,%J in response to the article that Dr. David Wright had written some years ago about year, 1984, with two faculty (Franc the CIE Standard Observer in Textile Chemists and Colorists and I had the privilege Grum and myseiO one secretary, and of publishing it in the ISCC News recently. two students. At the close of the 1995 academic year, there are still two fac­ Gultekin Celikiz ulty (Mark Fairchild and myseiO. How­ Editor ever, we have three staff, three visiting 3, Pewley Bank, scientists, six fu 11-ti me graduate students, GUilDFORD thirteen part time graduate students, Surrey, GU1 3PU. two seniors, and four new students on Tel: 01483 564021. the way beginning this fall. In addition, our research funding has increased ten fold during our first decade. 79 May 7996 In order to maintain quality and plan Dear Gultekin Celikiz for the future, we have made several administrative changes and increased Dr. W David Wright the number of faculty associated with the laboratory. As the RichardS. Hunter In the May/June 1996 edition of Inter-Society Color Council News you carried Professor, it has been my responsibility an article, about, and by, my father Dr. D.W. Wright. His 90th birthday falls on to educate students and industrial 6 July this year and he was delighted to read the article and to have confirmation technologists, mentor graduate that his work 65 years ago is still valued. students, engage in applied and explorative research, coordinate the For the record, and in case it is of interest to other readers of News, may 1bring Master's degree in color science, and you up to date on his personal details? His wife, Dorothy,- my mother- died in direct the Munsell Science laboratory. 1990 but for the next 5 years he continued to take an active inteFest in all aspects As we have expanded, it has become of colour science. Then last year my elder brother, David, died of cancer and this exceedingly·difficult to carry out all of devastating blow compounded the effects of age and made it difficult for my father these tasks effectively. Fortunately, to handle his own affairs. He now lives in a retirement home near Guilford and Mark Fairchild has come to my rescue enjoys frequent contact with members of his family and former colleagues. In on an as needed basis. Clearly, a more particular he is looking forward to a one day conference on "Colour Vision permanent solution is required. Mechanisms", and dinner on 2 October at Imperial College being organised by Accordingly, I have appointed Dr. Mark Professors John Barbur and Keith Ruddock to mark his 90th birthday. Fairchild as the Director of the Munsell Color Science laboratory. This My father has moved from Pilgrim Wood. Would you please send copies of the appointment takes effect on July 1, News to the address at the head of this letter I will also put this address on the 1996. Membership Application form when I send his subscription. As director, Dr. Fairchild's primary responsibilities will consist of managing our research efforts, supervising staff, Yours sincerely, managing various budget centers, and overseeing the health ofthe laboratory. Stephen Wright (signed) He will be aided by Colleen Desimone, Dr. S.j. Wright our administrative assistant, Lisa Reniff, ISCC NEWS NO. 362 19 )UL Y/AUGUST 1996 staff scientist with responsibilities to maintain our facilities, and a computer NEWS FROM programmertobehired. Mark will also maintain his individual research and . M.EMBER.BO .DIES teaching responsibilities. With this change, I will havemoretimetoexpand my research interests in multi-spectral color reproduction and engage in more COLOR AND APPEARANCE DIVISION color outreach activities as the Hunter Professor. My other responsibilities (CAD) will remain un changed. In order to enhance our research SOCIETY OF PLASIC ENGINEERRS capabilities, we will be adding three faculty to the Laboratory. The first is The CAD had very successful RETEC in September 95 at WILD Dunes in Dr. Jonathan Arney, Associate Professor Charleston, SC. Over 500 attendees were present for the two day meeting within the Center for Imaging Science. where the following papers were presented: Dr. Arney's research interests include - optical properties of · paper, Toxic Use Reduction Approach to Formulation microstructure of halftone images, Robert Swain, Chroma image enhancement and restoration, Improved Performance of Enhanced Ultramarines in Colour Concentrate and color reproduction. He teaches Production cou rses in image analysis and color Dr. Christian Duhayon, Holliday Pigments reproduction in the Imaging Science Heat Stability Testing of Organic Pigments curriculum. The second is Dr. Ethan Mark Freshwater and Heiiner Ohleier, Hoechst Montag, Research Assistant Professor. Dispersive and Distributive M ixing for Carbon Blacks in Polymers Dr. Montag is complet ing a two-year M. C. Yu, Cabot postdoctoral position with the A Un ique, Highly Transparent, Yellow Pigment for Polyolefin Fibers Laboratory and has been recently Roger Reinicker, Ciba promoted. His resea rch interests An Anthology of Color Measurement Error Mechanisms include color vision, color gamut David L. Spooner, rhoMetric Associates mapping, color appearance, and Heavy Metal Free Color Concentrates for Engineering Resins industrial color tolerance Harnish S. }ani, Plastics Color-Chip psychophysics. Montag will also teach A Journey Through FDA Requirements for Polymer Colorants courses in the Color Science master's Donna Jackson, Eastman Chemical Company curriculum. The third faculty member Advances in Equipment Design for Color Compounding will be hired during the 1996 academic David Kapper, Kobellco Stewart Balling year filling the newly established Xerox Improving Colour Control in Automotive PVC Professorship in Color Imaging Systems. Don Nickell, Canadian General It is our expectation that th ese A Complete Solution for Computer Color Formulation administrative and personnel changes David Mowery, MacBeth will have very positive benefits to the Dyes for Performance Applications Laboratory's stated objectives of Wolfgang Karnath, Bayer providing education in color and Rapid Evaluation of Pigment Color appearance, maintaining a state-of-the­ Dr. Frederick Simon, FTS, Inc. art facility for spectra l, colorimetric, Effect of Optical Brighteners on Polymer Color Properties and geometric measurements, and Daniel jervis, Eastman Chemical Company effectively interacting with industry. Efficiently Blending Colorants/Additives Cary R. Hovis, Conair Roy S. Berns Colorant Selection Criteria for New Product Development RichardS. Hunter Professor in Color Bruce Creer, Harwick Chemical Science, Appearance and In Search of the Perfect Color Technology Denise Hall, Ampacet Corporation Director, Munsell Color Science Fluorescent Colorants for Special Plastics Applications Laboratory Dr. Romesh Kumar, Hoechst Celanese May 28, 7996 Embracing the Challenges of the Future at Ciba Pigments Eric Gubler, Ciba

(Continued~) ISCC NEWS NO. 362 20 JULY/AUGUST 1996

Development of Cerium Red Pigment: An Alternative to Heavy .Metals Ralph Lauren R&D Center. joseph Golowski, Rhone-Poulenc • Changes in Cool White Fluorescent Ti02 in High Temperature Film Applications- How to Control the Lacing Illumination and Their Effects on Visual Mechanism and Instrumental Evaluation ofTextile Holly Hanson, SCM Products; Mr. Nick Lena, Macbeth New Ultramarine Pigments Line Division of Kollmorgen jose Mas, Nubiola SA • Application of Digital Signal Weathering of Black, Thin-Gauge Polyethylene Films Processing, Fuzzy Logic and Neural Drs. Prakash Patel and Rodney Taylor, Ampacet/Columbia Chemicals Nets to Computational Color; Dr. H. Hindered Amines Effects on Dispersion Joel Trussel, North Carolina State Steven Goldstein, BASF University. • Light Sources and 11/uminants-How The conference was dedicated to the memory of John "Jack" Graff, Jr., who Do You Get There From Here? Dr. passed away recently. Jack had participated in every aspect of CAD and will be Danny C. Rich, Datacolor missed by all his friends. His family was present for a luncheon presentation. International.

New officers for 1 996 are as follows: The Welcoming Reception from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. on Sunday, Sept. 15, will Chairman George Rangos Cerdec Corp. be held in Ryman Exhibit Halll. The Chai rman-Eiect Gary Beebe AtoHass America's traditional Dinner Party will be on Treasurer Terry Golding Reed Spectrum Tuesday at 7:30 PM. An after dinner Secretary Aram Terzian EM Industries, Inc. show beginning at 9 PM will feature Technical Program Chair Austin Reed DuPont Crystal Gayle, a country music singer with almost three dozen hit records to The 1997 RETEC will be in St.Louis on 9/30/96- 10/2/96. The theme will be her credit. "Promoting the Science of Coloring Plastics". The site will be the Hyatt Regency Exhibits will be located in Ryman . Contact Jim Fischer (314-523-4350 or Rick Addis (216-929-4213). Exhibit Hall 1. A broad range of The CAD continued its support of educational endeavors contributing $20,000.00 machinery, equipment, dyes and to Terra Community College for their coloring of Plastics Program in 1995. Also chemicals for the wet processing $7,500.00 was paid to the RIT Consortium on color difference. industry will be on display throughout Gary Beebe the conference. The Awards Luncheon at noon on Monday Sept. 16 will feature the research findings. Papers are judged presentation of The Olney Medal for AATCC on originality, scientific value and outstanding achievement in textile presentation. Result of the competition chemistry, The Harold C. Chapin Award INTERNATIONAL is announced at the Awards Luncheon for service to AATCC and The Henry E. at noon on Monday. Herman and Millson Award for invention The results CONFERENCE AND Myrtle Goldstein student paper of the Intersectional and Student Paper competition is conducted under the Competitions also will be announced EXHIBIT auspices of AATCC's Textile Education and prizes awarded. Committee. Rules are similar to Each registrant wi II receive a copy of AATCC International Con­ Intersectional Technical Paper the official book of papers. Full ference and Exhibition will Competition and the result of this registration for the conference for be held Sept. 15-18, 1996 competition is also announced at the AATCC or Canadian ATCC Members is a $175 and $230 for non-members. in Nashville, TN. There will be 17 Awards Luncheon. technical sessions featuring over 70 for­ Among the 17 technical sessions Student registration is $25. Spouse mal presentations along with a poster one is always reserved to color science. program is by pre-registration only at a session consisting of over 30 posters This year the Color Science session wi II cost of $100.00 per person. Interesting which will be available for viewing be on Tuesday, Sept. 17, 9:00 AM to special events are planned for the Monday 3-5 PM and Tuesday 9-5 PM. noon. The following papers will be spouses such as Horticulture and Self­ Awareness Seminars and visit to Belle A popular feature of AATCC given. Meade pre-Civil War mansion of what conferences since 1940, the • The Demise of CWF-An was once a 5300-acre plantation, and Intersectional Technical Paper Opportunity for an Improved Standard Cheekwood, one of the South's most Competition provides local sections the llluminant;Mr. Keith D. Hoover, Polo/ beautifu private estates. opportunity to contribute original I ISCC NEWS NO. 362 21 JULY/AUGUST 1996

washing and perspiration. Tests for Report On Activities of AATCC evaluating physical properties include HUMAN FACTORS RA36 Color Measurement dimensional change, skewness, barr~, Committee soil release, water repellency and AND ERGONOMICS resistance, appearance retention and Research Committee RA36 on Color wrinkle recovery. Emphasis will be SOCIETY Measurement met Thursday, May 9 at placed on how to properly conduct the Marriott Inner Harbor in Baltimore, and interpret the tests. Registrants will a:ANTA MONICA, CA - HFES an MD. Several items of business were be involved in hands on participation. ~nounces the Society's 40th An­ discussed, including the publication of Sessions will also be conducted on nual Meeting to t~ke place September an updated, second edition of Color basic color theory and fiber 2-6, 1996, at the Philadelphia Marriott Technology in the Textile Industry . identification. Participants will be Hotel in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The first edition is out of print and from shown how to use the AATCC Gray Fourteen hands-on workshops are the contents of the book, the second Scales for Staining and Color Change, geared toward professionals at all levels. edition will also be a good one! A the AATCC Chromatic Transference Topics include human factors/ trainingvideoforvisual color evaluation Scale and the Xenon Reference Fabric. ergonomics approaches to accident methods is being prepared. TCR This workshop is an intensive overview investigation, usability evaluation, (technical committee on research) and of the rna jority of tests needed to operate anthropometry (human body committee letter ballots on several a textile Laboratory. It is designed for measurement), design for all ages and methods are due for review. · Test those responsible for product capabilities, and design and use of Method 1 73 on CMC: Calculatio(-1 of evaluation, specifications, and quality questionnaires. Small Color Differen.ces :iJor control of fibers, yarns, fabrics, garments More than 80 lecture, panel, Acceptability is due for updating and and carpets. symposium, poster, and demo sessions addition of precision and bias The registration fee is $560 for will also be offered. Technical program statements based on round-robin trials. nonmembers and $495 for individual highlights include the following (dates RA36 committee members were and corporate members of AATCC and and times are tentative): advised of upcoming meetings relating includes luncheons, breaks, and a copy to color measurement. Discussion of of the 1996 AA TCC Technical Manual. "Implementing the ANSI S365 the need for tabulating new non-CIE Overnight accommodations are Standard for Control of Work-Related lamps intended for retail settings was available atthe Holiday Inn, junction 1 Cumulative Trauma Disorders" (Friday, continued and members were & 138 West, Saunderstown, Rl 02874, 10:30 a.m.) encouraged to attend the ICE in TEL: 401/789-1 051. Reservations September, in Nashville. Persons should be made directly with the hotel "Psychosocial Considerations in interested in considering a test method and attendance at the AATCC workshop Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal for determining the sun protection should be specified to receive the group Disorders" (Tursday 3:30p.m.) provided by textiles were invited to an rate. organizational meeting to follow. To register or for further information, "Global Planning for Ergonomics and please contact Peggy J. Pickett, P.O. Human Factors" (Thursday 8:30a.m.) Ann C. Laidlaw Box 12215, Research Triangle Park,. Chair-person of RA36 NC 27709-2215, TEL: 919/549-8141, "New Methods for Modeling FAX: 919/549-8933. Human-Machine Interaction" AATCC Workshop Peggy Pickett (Wednesday 8:30 a.m.) Introduction to Textile Testing- August 22-23, 1996 "Organizational Bridges from University of Rhode Island, Research to Practice: Cases in Medical Kingston, Rl Practice" (Wednesday 8:30 a.m.)

Rhode Island will be the site for a "The Pathology of Everyday Things" training program on the fundamentals (Wednesday 1 :30 a.m.) of textile testing. The program will . consist of demonstrations and "Bridging the Research/Practice discussions ofapproximately 30MTCC Gap" Thursday 1 0:30 a.m.) procedures for evaluating colorfastness and physical properties. The colorfastness tests which will be discussed include crocking, light, (Continued~) ISCC NEWS NO. 362 22 JULY/AUGUST 1996

"Review of H FES/ANSI200 Software phor Technology Center of Excellence Ergonomics Standard Content, Status, (PTCOE) headquartered at the Georgia THE COLOR and Issues" (Tuesday 1:30 p.m.) Institute of Technology, the U.S. De­ fense Advanced Research Projects ASSOCIATION OF Tours of local technical facilities Agency (DARPA), and the Society for include the Three Mile Island nuclear Information Display (SID). The first THE UNITED power Plant and Harley-Davidson's Phosphor Conference, held last No­ assembly facilities and museum. vemberin San Diego, surprised its orga­ STATES Nonmembers are welcome. To nizers by drawing almost 200 people, obtain the registration and preliminary nearly half of them from outside North ~G' Color comes in various program materials, which include America. .~14-?ff!l:.~ forms, many of which are 11 details about reserving travel and Phosphors are the materials that .'W} living. On a rainy and cold accomodations, contact HFES via the convert the energy of electrons or '· ~ ~~~-~. _.;'": · Easter Sunday this year, a World Wide Web at http:// ultraviolet radiation to visible light," brightly colored betta fish arrived at my www.hfes.vt.edu/hfes/ or at P.O. Box said Christopher Summers, Director of apartment. Colored neon blue and 1369, Santa Monica, CA 90406-1369 the Phosphor Technology Center of deep maroon, he came housed in a USA; 310/394-1811, fax 310/394- Excellence at Georgia Institute of 1950's Coca Cola syrup dispenser. We 2410. Technology and chair of the named him Basil, and gave him a vis­ conference's program committee. ibility prominent location on the dining HFES is a multidisciplinary "Phosphor R&D is accelerating all over room table. There we can see him professional organization of more than the world because several display constant Iy as he circles around his green 5100 persons in the United States and technologies will rise or fall depending plant and dives down disappearing throughout the world. on the availability of appropriate against the near-matching electric blue Members include psychologists, phosphors. For example, whetherfield­ pebbles- a living tribute to how delight­ engineers, designers, and scientists, all emission displays will have the lifetime ful color can be. of whom have a common interest in of LCDs, and whether they will allow He has changed my perception about designing systems, tools, consumer the batteries in laptop computers to last color in my life. I who love white walls, products, and equipment to be safe as long as with LCDs, will depend on white sheets, white towels, curtains and effective for the people who operate the development of appropriate and blinds, and chrome kettles sans and maintain them. phosphor. The payoff for this research high-tech primary accent, now see HFES is therefore very large," he said. differently. I've brought out an array of Papers are requested in the following brightly colored Harlequin bowls and SECOND areas: cloth napkins to complement Basil's • Phosphor growth and synthesis saturated hues. Recently at my health INTERNATIONAL • Physics and Chemistry club, I spotted a neon orange swimsuit, • Screening, including the chemistry and thought "Why not for me?" Yes, I DISPLAY of coatings and screening technology could liven up my lap-swimming pool • Device technologies - including navy suit with a splash of color. And PHOSPHORS electroluminescence, field emission why not bring out my anthurian red displays and cathode-ray tubes and Hawaiinan shirt too. Thanks Basil. CONFERENCE photoluminescence Margaret Walch, CAUS Associate Investigators wishing to present Director CALL FOR PAPERS papers at the Second Phosphor Conference should submit their Women's Forecasting Notes: CAUS t'ilr'he Call for Papers for the Second abstracts prior to June 24 to Jay Women's Forecast for Spring/Summer ~International Conference on the Morreale, Palisades Institute for 1998 celebrates the instinctual Science and Technology of Display Research Services, Suite 1 006, 201 experience. The Forecast's six Phosphors, mailed to 12,500 display, Varick Street, New York, NY 10014. groupings are based on lightthemes: 1. materials, and phosphors professionals Tel: (212) 620-3371 Aurora Borealis, with dreamy tonal on March 15, reveals a rapidly matur­ Fax: (212) 620-3379 purplish hues mimicking the extreme ing and remarkably successful techni­ Karen Braun northerly and southerly latitute lights;2. cal conference. The conference -to be Summer Sunset, with orange reddish held November 18-20 at the Hyatt hues; 3. Cool Reflections, which Islandia Hotel, 1441 Quivira Road, San· includes a bluish white, aqua blue and Diego, CA - is sponsored by the Phos- deep navy; 4. Spring Dawn, which ISCC NEWS NO. 362 23 JULY/AUGUST 1996 takes a fresh look at the Iightness of column of cool and elegant blues called RISD: Art School Attire yellow and green tones; 5 and 6. Carolina conveys the continued comfort Shadows and Penumbra, two columns of casual denim colors. Consumers I started my serious formal education playing upon tonal brown and bluish may not seek to stray from the easy atthe Rhode Island School of Design as tones respectively. The absence of a dressing that has swept the market, a graphic designer. As a student alii single defining color or bright hues is therefore slight variations in blue will saw my sophomore year was black and significant, indicating a low-impact provide subtle choices within the realm white. I switched my major to textiles sensibility where gentility prevails. of denim wear. my junioryear. The feedback I received Members of the Women's Column V (Osaka) offers a cleansing within the department was that I needed Committee: Barbara Arlen, Barbara freshness of tonal whites coupled with to push colors. Quite honestly it was Arlen Assoc.; Eleanor Douglas, Eleanor grays that can translate into sporty and hard. I am of a generation that has Douglas Analyst; Roseann Forde, elegant stories, simultaneously or embraced the gray scale as standard DuPont; Sally Jenkyn Jones, Forstmann; independantly. Worn in multi-layered attire. White to Black and everything in Deanna Littell, Kaspar lnc.;Eiaine shirting, the fluid elegance of white on between, has structured expressions of Monroe, Elaine Monroe Assoc; Mary white illustrates the sense of pureness sophistication or moods of the tortured Beth Moore, Langenthal Corp; June and ease that wi II attract the male artist. Only in the last two years in Roche, Milliken; Monika Tilley, Tilley consumer. textiles have I enlarged my spectrum of Ltd.; and Carol Zimmerman,Merkley In a time when a casual mood has colors to include yellows, brighter Newman Harty. inspired the dress of the American male blues, greens, reds and other colors. I Men's Forecasting Notes: The color at work and at weekend dinner parties, have begun to see a shift with other groupings for CAUS Men's Spring/ color will evolve in sync with the peopleofmyageaswell. Mynewview Summer 1998 take their names from functionality of dress. Color will offer of color has given me a more positive leading global textile centers, a subtle changes to engage the consumer outlook on life. I realize the full reflection of the functionality in male's and convey nuances of style without implications of what color can do, and dress. Elegant casual clothing creates compromising the continued demand that colors can make all the difference the standard from which business, for easy dressing. in our lives. weekend and formal wear will evolve; Membersofthe Men's Committee: difference between the categories is Matthew Batanian, Mary Fulton, Wook Kim, CAUS summer intern minimal -a sign of the simplification of Burlington Klopman; Jo-Ann Goldberg, and RISD Graduate '96 dress. The Committee foresees color REH&H; Ben Gomes, CFS Trends; selection to be a vital component of Elaine Gross, EGI; Michael Levine, Exhibitions men's fashion as color choice will be Burlington Industries; Jamie Mcfate, used to interest the consumer and Structure; John Forster-Moore, I. C. At The Museum at F.1. T., June 17 inspire style variation. Isaacs Co.; Art Okun, Dan River Mills; through July 31, "Design 21: Fashion Color will find presence in the James Siewert, Hoechst Celanese. for the 21 st Century," there wi II be an unexpected. Silk-tie Red, which exhibition of fashion by 50 students introduces the Forecast in Column I Tea-Colored Hair from around the world who have (Como) evokes the surge of energy designed clothing reflecting their which color provides. The redding of " ... to be young in Japan these days, cultural heritage. F.I.T.'s winner, Mimi tans and taupes offers further variation at least young at heart, is to dye one's Wong, who was born in China and within this range that can adapt to all hair brown- or, as it is called in Japan, grew upon Long Island, features a long areas of life. chapatsu, or tea hair. Of course, there coat made from recycled cotton rag rug The continued interest in various are youthful black heads left in Japan, with Snapple bottle top closures. greens, as shown in Column II but those people might as well wear At the Museum of Modern Art, (Manchester) responds to the color's white socks and crew cuts and signs through September 3,"From Bauhaus natural assurance and its style saying, "Kick me." to Pop: Masterworks by Phillip versatility. "Young people say that brown hair Johnson." Column Ill (Bonwire) illustrates the promotes an image of casualness and Reminder: Presentation on Interiors importance of golden ochers. An easy informality, while black hair conveys Color Forecast 1998/1999: Thursday, complement to denim, the sun­ seriousness. Both men and women August 22, 12-1 pm, CAUS Offi<;e. bleached feel offers a sophisticated said that as a result, there is a tendency Clippings available. option within a familiar dress mood. to look for brown-haired dates but The Color Association of the United The lightness in color provides a black-haired spouses." States sensitive break from the more serious Nicholas D. Kristof, UVoungJapan is 409 West 44th Street shades of green and brown which are Dyeing (It's Anything but Natural)." NY, NY 10036 currently enjoying popularity. A The New York Times. April 29, 1964. ISCC NEWS NO. 362 24 JULY/AUGUST 1996

Mills. She has been with the company a Post-Doc. in the Chemistry Dept. of COLOR for 12 years and currently oversees the University of Illinois. He received design directions of four divisions of a BS in Chemistry from California MARKETING Mannington: Mannington Resilient Institute of Technology in 1971 and a Fl oors, Mannington Carpets, Inc., PhD in Chemical Physics from Stanford GROUP ELECTS Porcelanite/Mannington Ceramic Tile University in 1975. He currently directs and Mannington Wood Fl oors. M s. long-term research in the area of paint NEW PRESIDENT Wood is widely recognized as a color application, characterization, and and design professional who travels eva luation. and speaks ex ten sively on these Dr. Bauer is the author of over 90 subjects. papers in the area of paint and plastics jennifer Freedman research. He has made over 80 703/329-8500 presentations on the work in these areas. He has carried out research in the areas FEDERATION OF of cure and network structure in high solids coatings, flow control and coating SOCIETIES FOR rheology, polymer photodegradation and stabilization, plastics COATING characteri zation and recycling, and coating se rvice life prediction. TECHNOLOGY Dr. Bauer is on the review board of the JOURNAL O F COATINGS TECHNOLOGY and Polymer "n r. David R. Bauer, Senior staff Degradation and Stability. He is active J.CJ Technical Specialist in the M anu­ in the American Chemical Society and facturing Systems Dept. Of the Ford has served as Chairman of the Pol ymeric Melanie C. Wood, Research Laboratory, in Dearborn, M l Materials Science and Engineering. He CMC President 1997-1998 will present the Joseph J. Mattiello Me­ is also a member of Sigma Xi (past chair morial Lecture during the 73rd An­ of the Ford Chapter) and the Society of (II lexandria, VA - The Board of Di nual Meeting of the Federation. The Pl astics Engineers. He has been an ,Z;l.rectors of Color Marketing Group Annual Meeting will be held at th e organizer and chair of symposia at ACS (CMG), The Association for Intern a­ McCormick Center North in Chicago, National Meetings. tional Color Directions1M, has selected IL, from Oct 23-25. Dr. Bauer's lecture Dr. Bauer's Mattiello Lecture will a new presidentforcalender yea rs 1997 - will be given on Friday, Oct. 25. describe recent work in the area of 98. President , Melanie C. Wood, The lecture commemorates the prediction of coating service life. CMG*, Mannington Mills, Inc., Sa lem, contributions of Dr. Mattiello, former NJ, will begin her term of office on President of FSCT (1943-1944). Dr. FSCT Annual Meeting January 1, 1997. As presi dent, she will Mattielo was instrumental in expanding be responsible for planning and imple­ the application of the sciences in the The theme for this year's Annual menting programs th at deliver va lue, decorative and protective coatings Meeting technical program is benefit and services to CMG's mem­ fields. He was Vice President and "Innovation and Insight." The technical bers. Technical Director of Hilo Varnish program will include: A member of Color Marketing Group Corp., Brooklyn, NY, when he died in • Roan Competition Papers - since 1978, Ms. Wood is cu rrently Vice 1948. detailing ori gi nal research presented President, Strategic Planning and serves The lecturer, chosen from among for the first time; as a member of CM G's Executi ve those who have made outstanding • AP}/ Voss Award Competition Committee and the Board of Directors. contributions to science, is se lected to Papers- a selection of FSCT Constituent She has also served CMG as Chairman present a paper on a phase of chemistry, Society papers developed by the of the Program Planning Committee engineering, human relationships or Society's technical committees; and the Education Saturday Committee, other sciences fundamental to paint, • International Papers - consisting both of w hich are vital to the planning varnish, lacquer, or related protective of the latest advances in coatings and implementation of CMG's semi­ or decorative coatings. development contributed by ann ual conference. Dr. Bauer joined the Ford Motor professionals from around the world; Melanie Wood is Corporate Vice­ Company in 1977 as a member of • Technical Focus Lecturer - President, D esign, for M annington Polymer Science Dept. To work on presented by an individual honored for high solids coatings. Previously he was ISCC NEWS NO. 362 25 JULY/AUGUST 1996 on-going work in critica l technical areas. AIC COLOR 97 BOOK REVIEW Th e Annual Meeting will be presented in conjuction with the FSCT KYOTO 'nuring the Annual Meeting in Or International Coatings Expo and the J.I:J lando, FL two books on Color newly offered Coatings Technology THE 8TH came to my attention that are worth Conference, October 22-24. reviewing. One of the books was an CONGRESS OF THE ASTM E-1 2 Sponsored book," ASTM Federation of Societies for Coatings Standards on Color and Appearance Technology INTERNATIONAL Measurement" Sth Edition, 1995, 492 Norristown Rd., Blue Bell, PA xx+692 pages, $99 List; $89 ASTM 79422-0292 COLOUR members. This edition continues the TEL: 6 70/940-0777 series as originally conceived by Rich­ FAX: 610/940-0292 ASSOCIATION ard S. Hunter former Chairman of the near Colleagues, On behalf of the Committee E-12. DETROIT COLOUR J.I:J Organization Committee, it is our This is a must book for anyone who great pleasure to invite you to the 8th is serious about color, color COUNCIL AIC Color Congress to be held from measurements and specifications. This May 25 to 30, 1997, in Kyoto, Japan. new edition contains many of the latest We believe the Congress will provide ASTM standards as well as ISO and TheMaymeetingofthe an ideal opportunity for the lively ex­ ISO/ CIE standards for a variety of DCC was held at the change of information and knowledge materials and products such as Hya tt Regency­ on various aspects of color between the acoustical materials, petroleum Dearborn. Ms Kyoko participants. There will also be ample products, paints, plastics, traffic marking A Monden , a Ford color opportunities to enjoy traditional Japa­ materials and pavement surfaces. There and Trim designer, prese nted a very nese culture in the ancient capital, are 22 ASTM standards that have been informative and interesti ng talk, entitl ed Kyoto. We trust that your stay in Japan revised from the last edition.The "COLOR IN THE PEOPLES REPUB LI C will be most enjoyable. We look for­ following is a list of test methods that OF CH INA." Her colorful slide presen­ ward to seeing you in Kyoto. are new (•) or revised (t) standards tation not only covered the Shanghai Auto Show, but also dealt with th e Yos!linobu Nayatani (Signed) TEST METHODS cul tural differences and issues involv­ Professor D156t Saybolt Color of Petroleum ing color in China. Her candid photo­ Osaka Electro-Communication Products (Saybolt Chromometer graphs of scenes throughout the differ­ University Method) ent provinces gave the audience a bet­ Chairperson, Organizing Committee D589 • Opacity of Paper ter understanding on how color is used D1 003t Haze and Luminous and, more important, which colors are For further information contact Ms Transmittance of Transparent Plastics "good" and which are "bad." Paula Alessi at Eastman Kodak Co. D1535t Specifying Color by the TEL: 716/477-7673 Munsell System September 10, 1996 Meeting FAX: 716/722-1116 D 1746• Transparency of Plastic "The 10 Year Car - Performance of E-mail: [email protected] Sheeting Colored Materials" (There will be more information D1889t Turbidity of Water MSU Management Education Center about AIC in the next ISCC NEWS.) D2616t Evaluation of Visual Color Troy, Ml Difference with a Gray Scale Contact: Jim Keiser D2805t Hiding Power of Paints by 810/583-8345 Reflectometry D 4061 t Retroreflectance of Horizontal Coatings D5326t Color Development in Tinted Latex Paints E81 0 t Coefficient of Retroreflection of Retroreflective Sheeting E1477• Luminous Reflectance Factor of Acoustical Materials by Use of Integrating-Sphere Reflectometers ISCC NEWS NO. 362 26 JULY/AUGUST 1996

E1651 • Total luminous Reflectance Retroreflective Pavement Markers of the most widely read texts of its class Factor by Use of 30/f lntegrati ng Sphere D4956t Retroreflective Sheeting in the world. When I presented color Geometry for Traffic Control workshops or discussed color E1696 • Field Measurement of Raised measurements with my students at the Retroreflective Pavement Markers GUIDES Philadelphia Textile College, I always Using a Portable D5531 • Preparation, Maintenance looked forward to receiving those Retroreflectometer and Distribution of Physical Produd booklets to distribute them to my E1709 •Measurement of Standards for Color and Geometric students. As everyone knows, things Retroreflective Signs Using a Portable Appearance of Coatings change and those booklets are no longer Retroreflectometer E1499 • Selection, Evaluation, and available. However, Dr. Anni Berger­ E171 0 • Measurement of Training of Observers Schunn has written a book called Retroreflective Pavement Marking E1682 • Modeling the Colorimetric Practical Color Measurements. With , Materials with CEN-Prescribed Properties of a Visual Display Unit the assistance of another color ~xpert, Geometry Using a Portable F923t Properties of High Visibility Max Saltzman, the book was translated Retrorefledometer Material Used to Improve Individual from German to English. F1 048• Measuring the Effective Safety For those of you who are not fami Iiar Surface Roughness of Optical with Anni Berger, let me explain, Dr. ComponentsbyTotallntegrated TERMINOLOGY Anni Berger-Schunn is former Chief of Scattering E253 •Sensory Evaluation of Quality Control of the dyestuff and Materials and Products pigments division of Bayer AG in PRACTICES E284 • Appearance leverkusen,Germany. She is a member E275t Describing and Measuring of the Deutche farbwissenschaftliche Performance of Ultraviolet, Visible, and • New to this edition Gesellschaft, the Gesellschaft fOr Near Infrared Spectrophotometers t Revised angewandte Opti k and the Inter -Society E308t Computing the Colors of Color Council. Objects by Using the CIE System For a person who is familiar with the Practical Color Measurement tells E691 • Conducting an older edition of ASTM Standards on you everything one needs to know about Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Color and Appearance it needs no the principles and limitations of Precision of a Test Method introduction. For someone new in the computerized color measurement. E805 t Identification of Instrumental field of color, the information one can There are a number of reallifeexamples Methods of Color or Color-Difference obtain from the revised edition is based on the practical knowledge that Measurement of Materials tremendous. Everything one wants to was gained by Anni Berger-Schunn E808t Describing Retrorefledion know about color seems to be collected through many years of experience. E809t Measuring Photometric in one volume. I highly recommend Names of some of the chapters in Characteristics of Retroreflectors this volume. As they say in some the book are: Description of Perceived E811 t Measuring Colorimetric quarters, "I would take this book with Colors with the Aid of Numbers, Characteristics of Retroreflectors Under me to a desert island!" Calculation of Color Difference, Nighttime Conditions Metamerism, Color Measurement E1164t Obtaining For further information or to order- Systems, Measurement of Fluorescent Spectrophotometric Data for Object­ write: Samples and Whiteness, Correlation Color Evaluation ASTM Customer Service between Refledance (Transmittance) E1478 • Visual Color Evaluation of 100 Barr Harbor Drive and Colorant Concentration, Transparent Sheet Materials West Conshohocken, PA 19428- Examination of Colorant Strength and E1541 • Specifying and Matching 2959 Computer Color Matching, Influence Color Using the Colorcurve System of the Sample on the Accuracy of Color E1708 • Eledronic Interchange of Measurements, Symbols and Terms, Color and Appearance Data Formulas, Bibliography. The second book that was brought This book contains an abundance of to my attention was "PRACTICAL information within its 175 pages. This SPECIFICATIONS COLOR MEASUREMENT" by Anni is a different book than the first one I D3208t Manifold Papers for Bergen-Schunn. Probably most of you reviewed. It addresses itself to different Permanent Record know her name by her publication in people- it is a primer for the beginner D4280t Extended life-Type, the Bayer Farben Revue, "Color · and a reminder for the expert. I highly Nonplowable, Prismatic, Raised, Measurement in the Textile Industry," recommend this book. The book is a Retroreflective Pavement Markers with Dr. Andreas Brockes and Dr. Volume in the Wiley Series in Pure and D4383t Plowable, Raised, Dietrich Strocka. This is probably one Applied Optics. It was published in ISCC NEWS NO. 362 27 JULY/AUGUST 1996

1994 and sells for $54.95. We apologize for any confusion we MEMBERSHIP may have caused. However, do not let This book can be ordered from: that "Membership Application" go to John Wiley & Sons, Inc. APPLICATION waste; give it to someone, to a friend Attn: E. Covington who is not a member of ISCC. 605 Third Avenue CONFUSION New York, NY 10158-0012 It seems that the "Membership ISCC OFFICE To order by phone call toll free: 1- Application" that we have been Ms. Cynthia Struck, the new ISCCoffice 800/US-WILEY (1-800/879-4539) inserting into the NEWSLEITER caused manager wi II be in the office from some confusion. Inquires have been 9:00am -1 2:00 noon, Monday through Gultekin Celikiz made to IS CC office regarding Friday. Editor ISCC news membership renewal as result of this She can be reached at: insertion. Members receive their Phone:(703)318-0263 renewal application according to Fax: (703)3 18-0514 calender year, e.g. November and have until january of the following year to renew. ISCC NEWS NO. 362 28 JULY/A UGUST 1996

AATCC CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION PLEASE NOTE THAT THE ISCC Sept. 15-18 American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists OFFICE WILL BE CLOSED THE Opryland Hotel Nashville, TN WEEK OF AUGUST 5, 1996. lnfonnation: AATCC Phone: (919) 549-8141

SPIE I IS&T GENTLE REMINDER! Sept. 24- 26 Advanced Imaging Networks All appropriate information submitted to this NEWS Berlin, Gennany publication is the fu ll and complete responsibility of the lnfonnation: IS& T Conference Manager 7003 Kilworth Lane sende r. This publication and the ISCC assumes no responsibility Springfield, VA 22151 Phone: (703) 642-9090 for information changes and inaccuracies. Thanks, Fax: (703) 642-9094 The Editor email: [email protected]

JERMOV Oct. 9 -13 Joint European Reasearch M eetings in Ophthalmology and Vision Montpellier, France lnfonnation: Chainnan Congres 43, Pl ace Vauban BP 9173 34042 MONTPELLIER Cedex 1 (France) Phone: +33 67 15 99 00 Fax: +33 67 15 99 09

IS&T I OSA Oct. 20-25 Conference on Optics & Imaging in the Information Age Rochester Riverside Convention Center Rochester, NY 1996 lnfonnation: IS& T Conference Manager 7003 Kilworth Lane IESNA ANNUAL CONFERENCE Springfield, VA 22151 Aug. 5-7 Phone: (703) 642-9090 Rena issance Cleveland Hotel Fax: (703) 642-9094 Cleveland, OH email: [email protected] lnfonnation: IES NA Headquarters Phone: (212) 248-501 0 IS&T 12th INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS Oct. 27 - Nov. 1 GATF COLOR MEASUREMENT WORKSHOP Advances In Non-Impact Printing Technologies Aug. 8- 9 Hyatt Regency San Antonio Graphic Arts Technica l Foundation San Antonio, TX 4615 Forbes Ave lnfonnation: IS& T Conference Manager Pittsburgh, PA 15213 7003 Kilworth Lane lnfonnation: Amy Mangis Springfield, VA 22151 Phone: (412) 621-6941 Phone: (703) 642-9090 Fax: (412) 621-3049 Fax: (703)642-9094 email: [email protected] ISCC NEWS NO. 362 29 JULY/AUGUST 1996

CMG FALL CONFERENCE Nov. 3-5 IS&T I SPIE Color Marketing Group Conference Feb. 9-14 Sheraton Seattle Hotel & Towers Electronic Imaging Science and Technology Seattle, WA San Jose Convention Center Information: Katie Register San Jose, CA Phone: (703) 329-8500 Information: IS& T Conference Manager Fax: (703) 329-0155 7003 Kilworth lane Springfield, VA 22151 AATCC NATIONAL COMMITIEES AND COUNCIL Phone: (703) 642-9090 Nov. 19-21 Fax: (703) 642-9094 Reasearch Triangle Park, NC email: [email protected] AA TCC information: Phone: (919) 549-8141 TAGA ANNUAL CONFERENCE May4 -7 IS& T I SID's FOURTH COLOR IMAGING CONFERENCE Technical Association of the Graphic Arts Annual Technical Nov. 19- 22 Conference Color Science, Systems & Applications Montreal or Quebec City, Canada Radisson Resort Information: Karen lawrence Scottsdale, AZ Phone: (716) 475-7470 Information: IS& T Conference Manager SID '97 7003 Kilworth lane May 12-16 Springfield, VA 22151 Boston, MA Phone: (703) 642-9090 Information: lauren Kinsey, SID Fax: (703) 642-9094 1526 Brookhollow Drive, Suite 82 Santa Ana, CA 92705 ASTM COMMITTEE D-20 ON PLASTICS Phone: (714) 545-1526 Nov. 18- 21 Fax: (714) 545-1547 New Orleans, LA email: [email protected] Information: Mrs. Katherine Morgan Phone: (61 0) 852-9500 IS& T 50th ANNUAL CONFERENCE Fax: (61 0) 832-9555 May 18-23 Hyatt Regency Cambridge Hotel Cambridge, MA 1997 Information: IS& T Conference Manager 7003 Kilworth lane ASTM COMMITTEE D-1 ON PAINT Springfield, VA 22151 Jan. 26- 29 Phone: (703) 642-9090 Fort lauderdale, Fl Fax: (703) 642-9094 Information: Scott Orthey email: [email protected] Phone: (61 0) 832-9717 Fax: (61 0) 832-9555 COLOUR '97 May 26-30 ASTM COMMITTEE E-12 ON APPEARANCE 8th AIC Quadrennial Meeting Jan. 26- 29 Colour '97 Executive Committee Meeting Fort lauderdale,Fl May25 Information: Bode Buckley Kyoto International Conference Hall (KICH) Phone: (61 0) 832-9740 Kyoto, Japan Fax: (61 0) 832-9555 For futher informationplease contact: Ms Paula Alessi Eastman Kodak Co. Phone: (716) 4 77-7673 FAX (716) 722-1116 email: [email protected] ISCC NEWS NO. 362 30 JULY/AUGUST 1996 ISCC ANNUAL MEETING 1998 Sep. 14 -17 Inter-Society Color Council Annual Meeting with Color and Appearance Division of Society of Plastics Engineers TAGA ANNUAL CONFERENCE Marriot Inner Harbor Hotel May 3-6 Baltimore, MD Technical Association of the Graphic Arts Annual Technical Information: Gary Beebe Conference Phone: (215) 785-8497 Chicago, IL Information: Karen Lawrence Phone: (716) 475-7470 AATCC CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION Sep. 28 - Oct. 1 SID '98 American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists May 17-22 Marriot Marquis Anaheim, CA Atlanta, GA Information: Lauren Kinsey, SID Information: AATCC 1526 Brookhollow Drive, Suite 82 Phone: (919) 549-8141 Santa Ana, CA 92705 Phone: (714) 545-1526 OSA ANNUAL MEETING Fax: (714) 545-1547 Oct. 11-19 email: [email protected] Optical Society of America Long Beach Convention Center, Long Beach, CA ASTM COMMITTEE E-12 ON APPEARANCE Information: OSA jun. 16-18 Phone: (202) 223-0920 Saint Louis, MO Fax: (202) 416-61 00 Information: Bode Buckley email: [email protected] Phone: (61 0) 832-9740 Fax: (61 0) 832-9555 IS&T 13th INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS Nov. 2-7 AATCC CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION Advances In Non-Impact Printing Technologies Sept. 22-25 Sheraton Seattle Hotel American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists Seattle, WA Convention Center Information: IS& T Conference Manager Philadelphia, PA 7003 Kilworth lane · Information: AATCC Springfield, VA 22151 Phone: (919) 549-8141 Phone: (703) 642-9090 Fax: (703) 642-9094 OSA ANNUAL MEETING email: [email protected] . Oct. 3-9 Baltimore Convention Center IS&T /SID's FIFTH COLOR IMAGING CONFERENCE Baltimore, MD Nov. 16-19 Information: OSA Transforms and Transportability of Color Phone: (202) 223-0920 Radisson Resort Fax: (202) 416-6100 Scottsdale, AZ email: [email protected] Information: IS& T Conference Manager 7003 Kilworth Lane 1999 Springfield, VA 22151 Phone: (703) 642-9090 Fax: (703) 642-9094 TAGA ANNUAL CONFERENCE email: [email protected] May 2-5 Technical Association of the Graphic Arts Annual Technical Conference Philadelphia, PA Information: Karen lawrence Phone: (716) 475-7470 ISCC NEWS NO. 362 31 )ULY /AUGUST 1996

SID '99 May San jose California Information: Lauren Kinsey,SID 1526 Brookhollow Drive, Suite 82 Santa Ana, CA 92705 Phone: (714) 545-1526 Fax: (714) 545-1 54 7 email: [email protected] • AATCC CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION ' Oct.12-15 American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists Convention Center Charlotte, NC Information: AATCC Phone: (919)549-8141

2000

SID 2000 May Toronto, Ontario Canada Information: Lauren Kinsey This Section is intended to help ISCC SID members that are in need of, and are looking 1526 Brookhollow Drive for employment. Here is an opportunity to Suite 82 Santa Ana, CA 92705 use the resources at hand. Phone: (714) 545-1526 There is no charge forth is servce. However Fax: (714) 545-1547 the restrictions are as follows: email: [email protected] 1. This service is for ISCC members' use AATCC CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION only. Oct. 1-4 2. No more than 50 words may be used to American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists describe yourself. Marriott World Center (Not including name address and/or Orlando, FL telephone numoer). Information: AATCC Phone: (919) 549-8141 3. If you are using a P.O. Box, you must supply a complete address. 2001 4. No Agency representing member(s) is allowed. 5. Neither the ISCC News nor the editors AATCC CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION Oct. 7-10 are responsible for any errors. American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists 6. You must advise us in writing when you Sheraton Hotel have obtained employment. Boston, MA Information: AA TCC We hope this new section will be of value Phone: (919) 549-8141 to you, the ISCC member. If you have any suggestions/criticisms, please send them to the editor. Let's make this work! ISCC NEWS EDITOR: Gultekin (Tek) Celikiz

Send photo material (black and white if possible ) ro: Editor, ISCC News • Gultekin Celikiz •1 309 Paper Mill Rd, Erdenheim, PA 19038-7025 P l e :~ sc send all other materials on diskette as follows to the above address: MS DOS-ASCII , (3.5"- 1.44 Meg); MAC INTOSH- (Most fo rmats) (3.5"-1.44 Meg, BOOK or 400K). meeting reports Phone: (215) 836-5729 If necessary, fax material tO (2 15) 836-044 8 E-mail: [email protected]

Please note: th e deadline for submission of materi al is th e 1st of each even numbered month. M ateri al received after th e 1st will not be printed until the following issue. All submissions mu st be in English.

OFFICERS 1994-1996 Posit ion Name Address email T clcphonc FAX PrcsiC!cnr Dr. Ellen C. Career 2509 N. Ucah Scrt:cr, 1\rlmwon, VA 22207 ccarrer®capacccss.org ( 703) 52 7-6003 Pres. Elect Dr. Michael H. 13rill David Sarnoff Research Ctr, CN 5300, Princeton, NJ 08543 [email protected] (609) 734-3037 (609) 734-0245 Sccrecary Dr. D-dnny C. Rich Daracolor International, 5 Princess Rd., 73 [email protected] Lawrencevdle, ]'.;J 08648 (609) 895-7427 (609) 895-7461 Treasurer Mr. HughS. Farrrnan 334 Springbook Tr~il, Spana, NJ 0787 1 ( 201) 729-7278 (201) 729-72 78 Past-Pres. Mr. Roland L. Connelly ShcLyn, Inc., II 08 Gr<.'Cadc Street, GrL-cnsboro, NC 27408 [email protected] (9 10) 274- 1963 (910) 274-1971 LIST OF DIRECTORS

1994- 1997 Mr. Michael 1\. l lammcl 3782 Honnv Rigg Trail Roswell, Gi\ 30075 [email protected] (770) 587-5 120 (770) 587-5128 Mr. R1chard W. Riffel 3800 Monroe Ave., Pittsford, NY 14534-1330 7344 1.512@corn puserve.corn (908) 236-231 1 (908)236- 7865 Mr. \X/ 11liarn S. Vogel 204 Four Lakes Dnvc, Easley, SC 29642 (864) 277-8977

1995-1998 Ms. Cyntllla 1\. 13rewer PSU Dept. of Geography, Umvemcy Park, PA 16802 [email protected] (814) 865-5072 (814) 863-7943 Dr. Mark Fa~rchild RIT Munsell C.S. Lab., P.O. Box 9887 Rochester, NY 14623 [email protected] (716) 475-2784 (716) 475-5988 Prof. Wade TI10mpson 1910 East Carrimal St., Sprm{,{icld, MO 65804 (417) 882-2553 (417) 883-5830

1996-1 999 Dr. llclcn H. Epps University of Gcorgm, 300 Dawson llall, Athens GA 30602 [email protected] (706) 542-4913 (706) 542-4862 Mr. James R. Ke1ser DuPonr Auromouvc Products, DcLroiLCo lour Council (810)583-8345 (810) 583-8316 945 Stephenson llwy, Troy M148007-2802 · Mr. Jack Ladson HYK-Gnrdncr USA jladson@garekeeper. (301) 495-7647 (301)585-4067 2435 Linden La. Silver Spnng, MD 20910 bykgardncrusa.com

ISCC MEMBER-BODIES

Amencan Associanon of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AA TCC) G raph ic Arts Technica l Foundation (GATF) American College of Prosthodomists (ACP) Human Factors & Ergonomics Society American Sociery forTes trng and Materials (ASTM) Ill uminating Engineeri ng Society ofNonh America (I ESNA) American Sociery of Interior Designers (ASID) National Artists Equiry Association (NAEA) American Sociery for Phorograrnmetry and Remo Lc Sensing (ASPRS) National Association of Printing Ink Manufacturers (NAPIM) The Color A:.sociation of Lhe United States, Inc. (CAUS ) O ptical Society of America (OSA) Color Marketing G roup (CMG) Society for Information Display (SID) Color Pigments Manufacturers Association (CPMA) Society of Plastics Engineers, Color & Appearance Division DctroiL Colour Council (DCC) Sociery for Imaging Science and T echno logy (IS&T) Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology (FSCT) Technical Association of the G raph ic Arts (TAGA) Gemological lnsLitute of America (GIA) Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (T APPI) SUSTAINING MEMBERS Panrone Color Institute BYK-Gardner Color and A ppearance T cc:hnology Labsphere

ISCC NEWS NO. 362 ISCC News- It's everything it appears to be -and more! July/ August1996