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Internetworking : Multicast and ATM Network Prerequisites for Distance Learning

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Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 1996-09 Internetworking : multicast and ATM network prerequisites for distance learning Tamer, Murat Tevfink Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/32280 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS INTERNETWORKING: MULTICAST AND ATM NETWORK PREREQUISITES FOR DISTANCE LEARNING by Murat Tevfik Tamer September 1996 Thesis Advisors: Don Brutzman Michael Zyda Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 19970220 056 .------------------------------------------------- Form Approved REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Su~e 1204, Arfington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork R_eduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY CLeave Blank) 12. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED September 1996 Master's Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Internetworking: Multicast and ATM Network Prerequisites for Distance Learning 6.AUTHOR Tamer, Murat Tevfik 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION Naval Postgraduate School REPORT NUMBER Monterey, CA 93943-5000 9. SPONSORING/ MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/ MONITORING AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the United States Government. 12a. DISTRIBUTION I AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. • . • 13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words) The Internet, the World Wide Web and the Multicast Backbone (MBone) have been used in a variety of ways for distance learning. Video TeleConferencing (VTC) classrooms have obvious value and utility but they are limited to communicate with only a small number of similar VTC facilities. We are most interested in open solutions which take advantage of the global Internet. Therefore the problem addressed by this thesis is to evaluate the specific benefits and drawbacks of Internet technologies in support of distance learning. This thesis includes a detailed examination of MBone, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) and the Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) protocol from the perspective of distance learning. An innovative design for a low-cost Web/MBone-capable classroom is presented. Experimental results include globally multicasting the IEEE Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV 96) conference and digitally recording the 1996 Monterey Bay Web Content and Access Workshop. One result we found is that MBone can be used successfully for distance learning purposes despite common constraints of limited ( 128 Kbps) bandwidth. A further result is that an MBone classroom can be 42% as expensive as a VTC classroom if an SG/ Indy is used and 12% as expensive as a VTC classroom if a PC is used in the classroom. Consequently many schools can afford Internet-based distance learning using the solutions presented in this thesis even though they cannot afford VTC rooms. 14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES MBone, ATM, Internet, distance learning, virtual environments, DIS 148 16. 1-' HI(.; I: l,;ULJI: 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified UL NSN 7540-01-280-5500 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89) i Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239-18 ii Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited INTERNETWORKING: MULTICAST AND ATM NETWORK PREREQUISITES FOR DISTANCE LEARNING Murat Tevfik Tamer LTJG., Turkish Navy B.S., Turkish Naval Academy, 1990 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN COMPUTER SCIENCE from the NAVALPOSTGRADUATESCHOOL September 1996 Author: Approved By: Ted Lewis, Chair, Department of Computer Science iii iv ABSTRACT The Internet, the World Wide Web and the Multicast Backbone (MBone) have been used in a variety of ways for distance learning. Video TeleConferencing (VTC) classrooms have obvious value and utility but they are limited to communicate with only a small number of similar VTC facilities. We are most interested in open solutions which take advantage of the global Internet. Therefore the problem addressed by this thesis is to evaluate the specific benefits and drawbacks of Internet technologies in support of distance learning. This thesis includes a detailed examination of MBone, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) and the Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) protocol from the perspective of distance learning. An innovative design for a low-cost Web/MBone­ capable classroom is presented. Experimental results include globally multicasting the IEEE Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV 96) conference and digitally recording the 1996 Monterey Bay Web Content and Access Workshop. One result we found is that MBone can be used successfully for distance learning purposes despite common constraints of limited (128 Kbps) bandwidth. A further result is that an MBone classroom can be 42% as expensive as a VTC classroom if an SG/ Indy is used and 12% as expensive as a VTC classroom if a PC is used in the classroom. Consequently many schools can afford Internet-based distance learning using the solutions presented in this thesis even though they cannot afford VTC rooms. v vi ,.....------------------------------------ TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTERNET-BASED DISTANCE LEARNING ......................... 1 A. INTRODUCTION ......................................... 1 B. BACKGROUND ........................................... 2 C. MOTIVATION ............................................ 3 D. THESIS ORGANIZATION .................................. 4 II. RELATED WORK ............................................... 7 A. INTRODUCTION ......................................... 7 B. PREVIOUS WORK ........................................ 7 C. CURRENT WORK ......................................... 9 D. SUMMARY .............................................. 11 III. PROBLEM STATEMENT ......................................... 13 A. INTRODUCTION ......................................... 13 B. PROBLEM AND METHODOLOGY .......................... 13 C. SUMMARY .............................................. 15 IV. MBONEINNPS ................................................. 17 A. INTRODUCTION ......................................... 17 B. BACKGROUND ........................................... 17 C. MBONE/WEB CLASSROOM DESIGN ........................ 19 D. LECTURE HALL CONFIGURATION ......................... 19 E. REMOTE CONFERENCE MULTICAST SUPPORT .............. 22 F. MODIFYING MBONE TOPOLOGIES ......................... 23 G. REGARDING MBONE AND DISTANCE LEARNING ........... 25 vii H. SUMMARY .............................................. 25 V. ATM MBONE-COMPATIBLE DISTANCE LEARNING ................. 27 A. INTRODUCTION ......................................... 27 B. BACKGROUND ........................................... 27 C. INFORMATION ABOUT ATM ............................... 29 D. INTERNET PROTOCOL (IP) COMPATIBILITY WITHATM ............................................ 36 E. INTEGRATING MULTICAST AND MBONE WITH ATM ............................................ 37 F. ARRANGING LONG-HAUL ATM CONNECTIONS ............. 39 G. NPS ATM LAN REPORT ................................... 40 H. BAYNET REPORT ......................................... 43 I. REGARDING ATM FOR MBONE-COMPATIBLE DISTANCE LEARNING .................................... 44 J. SUMMARY ............................................ 46 VI. DISTRIBUTED INTERACTIVE SIMULATION (DIS) PROTOCOL AND MBONE ........................................ 47 A. INTRODUCTION ......................................... 47 B. BACKGROUND ........................................... 47 C. DIS PROTOCOL .......................................... 48 1. Introduction ......................................... 48 a. Protocols for Data Interchanging . ................. 49 b. Communication Architecture ..................... 49 viii c. Security ...................................... 49 d. World Environment Representation ................ 49 e. Computer Generated Forces (CGF) ................ 49 2. Network Requirements for DIS ......................... 50 a. Having Real-Time Simulations .................... 50 b. Multicasting .................................. 52 c. Security Issues .. ............................... 52 d. Capacity of a Network .......................... 52 3. Problems with DIS ................................... 53 a. Great Amount ofBandwidth and Computation Requirement ....................... 53 b. Security ...................................... 53 c. Multiplexing!Demultiplexing of Media . ............. 54 d. Others ....................................... 54 4. Possible Solutions to Problems .......................... 54 D. DIS AND MBONE ........................................
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