Tabiteuea South 2007
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Tabiteuea South Social and Economic Report 2008 3 of 3
CHAPTER 5: TE TABOMOA – ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES, INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES A. ISLAND ECONOMY 5.1 Subsistence Economy A subsistence economy is one where people perform traditional activities to meet their individual and group needs for security, and have no reason to accumulate wealth except to ensure their future survival. In such a system, the concept of wealth does not exist hence there is a high degree of reliance on renewal and reproduction within the natural environment. The nature of the subsistence economy is reflected in the social organization of families, who join together to form large kinship groups (kaainga) which survive according to a set of rules and roles. Each member of a kaainga performs a different set of activities which are assigned on the basis of gender and age. It is important for the survival of the group that each member fulfils the roles and responsibilities assigned to him/her. Typical subsistent activities include fishing, toddy cutting, cultivation and harvesting of food crops mainly coconut, pandanus, breadfruit and bwabwai, weaving mats, making thatches, rolling string, fetching water, collecting firewood, making fish traps and hooks, cleaning and washing, cooking and house construction amongst others. Most of these activities are performed by the adult members of the family, while it falls upon the younger members to collect firewood and fetch water, clean the dishes, the compound, and assist the adult members to do the easy part of their chores. Unfortunately, subsistence living is slowly disappearing and being replaced by a cash economy where most subsistence activities are now not only catered towards subsistence living but also to generate income to pay for the basic necessities that are now found in the shops/stores. -
Hard Custom, Hard Dance : Social Organisation, (Un)
PETRA M. AUTIO HARD CUSTOM, HARD DANCE SOCIAL ORGANISATION, (UN)DIFFERENTIATION AND NOTIONS OF POWER IN A TABITEUEAN COMMUNITY, SOUTHERN KIRIBATI Academic Dissertation to be publicly discussed, by due permission of the Faculty of Social Sciences at the University of Helsinki, in Auditorium XII of the Main Building, April 17th, 2010, at 10 a.m. PETRA M. AUTIO HARD CUSTOM, HARD DANCE SOCIAL ORGANISATION, (UN)DIFFERENTIATION AND NOTIONS OF POWER IN A TABITEUEAN COMMUNITY, SOUTHERN KIRIBATI Research Series in Anthropology University of Helsinki Academic Dissertation Research Series in Anthropology University of Helsinki, Finland Distributed by Helsinki University Press P.O. Box 4 (Vuorikatu 3 A) 00014 University of Helsinki Finland fax +358-9-7010 2374 http://www.yliopistopaino.fi ISSN 1458-3186 ISBN 978-952-10-6150-9 (paperback) ISBN 978-952-10-6151-6 (PDF) Helsinki University Print Helsinki 2010 To my daughter Oili Raakel Maria CONTENTS List of illustrations vii Notes on names, citations and typographical conventions viii Acknowledgements ix 1. INTRODUCTION 1 Social Differentiation, Undifferentiation and Power in Southern Kiribati 3 Kiribati Introduced 11 The Kiribati Custom 15 Tabiteuea and Its Northern District 17 Tabiteuean Custom and Its Hardness 19 Kiribati Studied 21 Fieldwork and Research Questions 27 The Approach and Course of Chapters 29 2. THE ANCESTOR WITHOUT DESCENDANTS: DIFFERENTIATION AND NOTIONS OF POWER IN TABITEUEA 33 Chiefs Are Forbidden? Myth, history, concept 33 Story of the Story 36 The Story of Kourabi (Karakin Kourabi) 42 Lines of power: The Karongoa clan 46 The apical ancestor: Tematawarebwe the first-born 50 Children of many fathers 52 The twofold ancestor: Akau the younger brother 53 Karongoa clan and power 56 Dualities and Transformation of Power 58 Power in the (Un)making 62 Making men, making chiefs 64 Making women 68 Binding but Not Unbinding: Remaining tabu 76 Power in his things 77 Power in the bones 80 Summary: Differentiation and its cut-off point 83 3. -
Kiribati Fourth National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity
KIRIBATI FOURTH NATIONAL REPORT TO THE CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY Aranuka Island (Gilbert Group) Picture by: Raitiata Cati Prepared by: Environment and Conservation Division - MELAD 20 th September 2010 1 Contents Acknowledgement ........................................................................................................................................... 4 Acronyms ......................................................................................................................................................... 5 Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 6 Chapter 1: OVERVIEW OF BIODIVERSITY, STATUS, TRENDS AND THREATS .................................................... 8 1.1 Geography and geological setting of Kiribati ......................................................................................... 8 1.2 Climate ................................................................................................................................................... 9 1.3 Status of Biodiversity ........................................................................................................................... 10 1.3.1 Soil ................................................................................................................................................. 12 1.3.2 Water Resources .......................................................................................................................... -
Participatory Diagnosis of Coastal Fisheries for North Tarawa And
Photo credit: Front cover, Aurélie Delisle/ANCORS Aurélie cover, Front credit: Photo Participatory diagnosis of coastal fisheries for North Tarawa and Butaritari island communities in the Republic of Kiribati Participatory diagnosis of coastal fisheries for North Tarawa and Butaritari island communities in the Republic of Kiribati Authors Aurélie Delisle, Ben Namakin, Tarateiti Uriam, Brooke Campbell and Quentin Hanich Citation This publication should be cited as: Delisle A, Namakin B, Uriam T, Campbell B and Hanich Q. 2016. Participatory diagnosis of coastal fisheries for North Tarawa and Butaritari island communities in the Republic of Kiribati. Penang, Malaysia: WorldFish. Program Report: 2016-24. Acknowledgments We would like to thank the financial contribution of the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research through project FIS/2012/074. We would also like to thank the staff from the Secretariat of the Pacific Community and WorldFish for their support. A special thank you goes out to staff of the Kiribati’s Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources Development, Ministry of Internal Affairs, Ministry of Environment, Land and Agricultural Development and to members of the five pilot Community-Based Fisheries Management (CBFM) communities in Kiribati. 2 Contents Executive summary 4 Introduction 5 Methods 9 Diagnosis 12 Summary and entry points for CBFM 36 Notes 38 References 39 Appendices 42 3 Executive summary In support of the Kiribati National Fisheries Policy 2013–2025, the ACIAR project FIS/2012/074 Improving Community-Based -
Summary of the Facts and Evidence Relating to the Massacre of British
, Name of' Accused: ~atzu Shosa, Camnander of' Japanese Forces, Tarawa, and othel' Japanese soldiers under his cOmmand T(hose identl t.y is unknoT4l. On 15th October, 1942, the f'ollowing Br1tish Nationals were beheaded, or in some instances, otherwise murdered by the Japanese at Betio, Tarawa. Lieutenant Reginald G. Morgan, Wireless Operator in the service of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony at Tarawa. Basil Cleary, Dispenser in the se~vice of' the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony at Tarawa. Isaac R. Handley, Retired Master Mariner, resident of' Tarawa. A. M. McArthur, Retired Trader of' Nonouti, Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony. Revd. A. L. Sadd, Missionary, resident of' Beru, Gilbert and Ellice. Islands Colony• The following wireless operators in the employ of' the New }:eale.nd. Government and stationed in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony. station A. C. Heenan Ma1ana Island. J. J. McCarthy Abemama II H. R. C. Hearn Kuria A. E. McKenna Honout1 II" C. A. Pearsall Tamena II The f'ollo~~ng members o-r the 2nd New Zealand Expe d1 t 1 Oll8.ry Force: Station. 64653 Pte. L. B. Speedy Mal ana 64606 u C. J. Owen Maiana 64056 D. H. Hov.'S Abemama 63882 " R. J. Hitchen Abemama 6LJ485 "II R. Jones Kuria 64382 1/ R. A. Ellis Kurla 64057 II c. A. Kllpin Nonout1 64062 1/ J. H. Nichol Nonouti 64005 " w. A. R. Parker' Tanana 64022 " R. M. McKenzie Tamana. Particulars of' the A11~ed Crime. The alleged vict 8 were stationed at or resident in various islands of' the Gilbert and Ellice Group. -
Abemama Atoll, Kiribati
Monitoring the Vulnerability and Adaptation of Coastal Fisheries to Climate Change Abemama Atoll Kiribati Assessment Report No. 2 October–November 2013 Aaranteiti Kiareti1, 2, Toaea Beiateuea2, Robinson Liu1, Tuake Teema2 and Brad Moore1 1Coastal Fisheries Programme, Secretariat of the Pacific Community 2 Kiribati Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources Development Funding for this project was provided by the Australian Government The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not reflect the official opinion of the Australian Government © Copyright Secretariat of the Pacific Community 2015 All rights for commercial / for profit reproduction or translation, in any form, reserved. SPC authorises the partial reproduction or translation of this material for scientific, educational or research purposes, provided SPC and the source document are properly acknowledged. Permission to reproduce the document and/or translate in whole, in any form, whether for commercial / for profit or non-profit purposes, must be requested in writing. Original SPC artwork may not be altered or separately published without permission. 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) acknowledges with gratitude the funding support provided by the Australia’s International Climate Change Adaptation Initiative (ICCAI) for the implementation of the ‘Monitoring the Vulnerability and Adaptation of Coastal Fisheries to Climate Change’ project in Abemama Atoll, Kiribati. SPC also gratefully acknowledges the collaborative support from the Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources Development. In particular, we are especially thankful to Raikaon Tumoa (Director) and Karibanang Tamuera (Principle Fisheries Officer) who showed interest in the importance of this project and provided the needed support in moving the project forward. -
Kiribati 2005 Census Data And, Where Possible, It Presents Comparisons with the 2000 and Earlier Census Data
Kiribati 2005 Census Volume 2: Analytical Report January 2007 CONTENTS page Foreword vii Acknowledgement viii Summary of main indicators ix Executive summary xi 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 POPULATION TREND, COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE 2 2.1 Population trend 2 2.2 Population composition 5 2.3 Population structure 6 3 DEMOGRAPHIC COMPONENTS 12 3.1 Fertility 12 3.2 Mortality 19 3.3 Migration 26 3.3.1 Internal migration 26 3.3.2 International migration 30 4 SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS 33 4.1 Marital status 33 4.2 Religion 36 4.3 Health 37 4.3.1 Smoking tobacco 37 4.3.2 Drinking alcohol 38 4.4 Educational characteristics 40 4.4.1 School enrolment 40 4.4.2 Educational attainment 40 4.4.3 Educational qualification 42 4.5 Labor market activity 43 4.5.1 Introduction 43 4.5.2 Employed - cash workers and village workers 44 4.5.3 Labour force participation rate and Employment-population ratio 4.5.4 Employed cash workers by work status 4.5.5 Employed cash workers by industry group 46 4.5.6 Employed cash workers by occupational group 46 4.5.7 Unemployed 47 4.5.8 Not in the labor force 48 5 HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS 50 5.1 Household size 50 5.2 Household composition 53 5.3 Household amenities and appliances 54 5.3.1 Private households by main source of drinking water, Kiribati, 2005 54 5.3.2 Private households by type of toilet facility used, Kiribati, 2005 54 5.3.3 Private households by source of lighting, Kiribati, 2005 54 5.3.4 Private households and availability of capital goods, Kiribati, 2005 58 i CONTENTS (continue) page 6 POPULATION PROJECTIONS 59 6.1 Projection -
Climate Change Adaptation Mainstreaming Implementation in Kiribati
Institutions and Values: Climate Change Adaptation Mainstreaming Implementation in Kiribati Felicity Prance August 2016 Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Philosophy Discipline of Anthropology and Development Studies, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences The University of Adelaide 1 Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................................... 5 Thesis declaration .................................................................................................................................. 7 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................. 8 List of acronyms ..................................................................................................................................... 9 Chapter One - Introduction ................................................................................................................ 11 The problem...................................................................................................................................... 14 Purpose and case selection............................................................................................................... 15 Methodology ...................................................................................................................................... 17 Analytical framework and argument -
North Tarawa Social and Economic Report 2008 2 of 2
- 41 - 3.5.7. Community involvement to improve standard of education Normally the community does not interfere with the school curriculum, as it is the responsibility of Government to design them to suit the ages being taught to and ensure their effective implementation. However the community, through the school committee, often takes the initiative to address a wide range of other issues, such as children and teachers comfort, security, staffing, sports, and even school infrastructure. In a lot of cases, the teachers have to take the initiative and assign each pupil a specific task to do for a class activity or a school project at which times, the children always seek and are given help and support from families. This kind of help and support from individual families can take the form of money, food or their own involvement such as in the building of a school ‘mwaneaba’ or singing in a school dancing practice and competition etc. Over the past years the community has assisted both the primary and junior secondary schools especially in performing critical maintenance work on classrooms, offices and teacher residences. These buildings are by right the responsibility of Government who, in many cases has been very slow in providing the financial support needed to keep school infrastructure in good shape. North Tarawa is not an exception in these slow provisions of financial support from the Government, Despite this, the community continue to support their school children and their schools by being guardians of the school property as well as in provision of pupil/student’s school needs for school activities or other school requirements as may arise from time to time. -
Economic and Financial Analysis
Outer Islands Transport Infrastructure Investment Project (RRP KIR 53043) ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS A. General 1. The proposed project will finance several activities to improve the safety of interisland navigation and provide resilient outer island access infrastructure for four outer islands in Kiribati. The project scope includes a hydrographic survey to establish digital chart coverage of the outer islands to make navigation safer in the country’s waters in accordance with international conventions and small-scale maritime interventions, which are needed to improve the delivery of basic goods and services to the outer islands. The project will finance rehabilitation of causeways in these islands to reduce transport costs within the islands and improve resilience to climate change and disaster risks. 2. The four islands considered for the project investment are Abaiang, Nonouti, Beru, and Tabiteuea South. Kiribati’s 33 islands are scattered over a large area of central and western Pacific Ocean and constrained by geographic isolation, a small population, and high transport and shipping costs. The nation depends on maritime transport to import essential manufactured goods, export agriculture and fishery products, and connect and resupply outer island communities. Only two ports are capable of handling international shipping—one in Betio and the other in Kiritimati and the outer islands, which are served by domestic (interisland) shipping. Safe navigation aids are limited and defined island access infrastructure nonexistent. The proposed project will tackle these constraints and ease safer access to the outer islands. 3. Standard demand analysis to calculate the project benefits is not applicable for some project components. Therefore, cost-effectiveness analysis or cost–benefit analysis was used for individual subprojects, depending on whether the benefits of the subproject were quantifiable or not.1 For example, the installation of aid to navigation (ATON) is essential but does not lead to direct economic benefit or reduced operating costs. -
^ Distrust with Which the Inhabitants of the Other Islands 7"* Viewed Him
THE WOULi>-BE El-IPIRE BUILDER-. Tem Binoka, ruler of the State of Ahemama, comprising the isla-nds of Ahemama, Kuria, and Aranuka in the central Gilbert Islands, might well he identified in Pacific history as either a caring, benevolent despot, or a scheming, rutliless tyrant. But perhaps he may best be remembered for his attempts to found a Gilbertese empire. This was the principal ambition of his life, , which must have no doubt been vjhetted by the earlier achievements -•<7 '• oi* liis forbears, Kaitu and Uakeia, in subjugating all the southern islands, as well as those of the north save for Butaritj^ri and Little Makin, whose Uea (high chief) sought peace, or by the achievements of Kamehameha ir Hawaii or Poraare in Tahiti. And yet, despite all the advantages he enjoyed - a powerful and secure political and economic base in the centre of the archipelago, his assets of armaments and ships, the almost certain failure of the ragamuffin republics elsevjhere in the Gilberts to oppose him successfully, and the d.ebauched g^nd decadent royal State of Butaritari and Little Makin vjhich would probably have fallen into his la.p like overripe fruit if he had assailed it - he failed to achieve his overriding ambition. : It may well be v/ondered why this was so in view of all ! , ,i-7 the advantages he enjoyed. The answer must surely lie in the i manner of his rule in the State of Ahemama, and the consequent ^ distrust with which the inhabitants of the other islands 7"* viewed him. It is a curious fact that his advantages, no less then his mistakes, contributed to his failure to achieve his r • • overriding ambition. -
Ciguatera and Other Marine Poisoning in the Gilbert Islands' M
Ciguatera and Other Marine Poisoning in the Gilbert Islands' M. J. COOPER 2 AMONG THE ANIMALS that live in the sea are was involved little.notice was taken. During and many that may be poisonous to eat; these ani after World W ar II attention was drawn to the mals include fish, sharks, crabs, molluscs, and problem, as there.were .many..rnore.people.in the · turtles. Of all marine animals the most impor Pacific who were poisoned by supposedly good tant are fish, which are for so many people an food fish, often in-areas where toxic fish had essential source of food. There are a number of been previously unknown. different ways in which teleost fish may be poi Although the symptoms of ciguatera poison sonous. Some fish are naturally poisonous; puf ing, the species of fish likely to-cause it, and fers for instance are always toxic. Some species many of the areas harboring toxic species have of fish can be poisonous at certain seasons; in been recorded, several aspects ''of the .problem Fiji there is a species of sardine which may be still remain to be solved. In spite of recent re deadly poisonous in the later months of the search into ciguatera poisoning,an'antidote to year. A third type of poisoning is found where the poison, a field test for distinguishing atoxic some fish are poisonous to eat when they are fish from a nontoxic one, the ,true nature of the caught on certain reefs or parts of a reef, and yet toxin, and the cause of the development of-eigua when caught on other parts of the same reef, or tera among fishes have not yet been discovered.