Análisis Genómico De Líneas Divergentes Seleccionadas Para Capacidad Uterina En Conejo

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Análisis Genómico De Líneas Divergentes Seleccionadas Para Capacidad Uterina En Conejo MÁSTER INTERNACIONAL EN MEJORA GENÉTICA ANIMAL Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA DE LA REPRODUCCIÓN ANÁLISIS GENÓMICO DE LÍNEAS DIVERGENTES SELECCIONADAS PARA CAPACIDAD UTERINA EN CONEJO Tesis de Máster Valencia, Septiembre 2016 Bolívar Samuel Sosa Madrid Directora: María Antonia Santacreu Jerez AGRADECIMIENTOS Primero que todo, yo quiero agradecer a Dios por mi vida y su guía en mi caminar a través de este mundo. Igualmente, a mi familia por ayudarme a alcanzar mis metas personales. Yo quiero agradecer a mis amigos y compañeros su apoyo. Igualmente, por la colaboración en el uso de herramientas bioinformáticas, a Jesús, Noelia, John, Mara y Roger. Además, quiero dar las gracias a José Cedano e Ion por su ayuda sobre ideas científicas y planteamientos de problemas de investigación. También, a mi tutora María Antonia Santacreu por su apoyo y consejo en el desarrollo de mi tesis final de máster. Agradezco a Agustín por inculcarme un pensamiento crítico. A Ahmed, Manuel, Pilar, Verónica, Marina y Fede por su apoyo en el trabajo diario. Finalmente, a todos aquellos que de alguna forma colaboraron con el desarrollo de este documento presentado para su evaluación. ii CONTENIDO ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................... viii RESUMEN .................................................................................................................................... x RESUM ........................................................................................................................................ xii INTRODUCCIÓN ...................................................................................................................... 1 1. Importancia económica del tamaño de camada en conejo. ...................................... 1 2. Tamaño de camada y sus componentes ....................................................................... 2 2.1. Tamaño de camada .............................................................................................. 2 2.2. Tasa de ovulación ................................................................................................ 4 2.3. Supervivencia prenatal ....................................................................................... 5 2.4. Capacidad uterina ................................................................................................ 6 3. Experimentos de selección para mejorar el tamaño de camada ............................. 7 4. Genómica de los caracteres reproductivos ............................................................... 10 4.1. Frecuencia Alélica y Deriva Génica .............................................................. 11 4.2. Genes candidatos para capacidad uterina en conejo .................................. 15 4.3. Estudio de asociación del genoma completo (GWAS) .............................. 17 OBJETIVOS ............................................................................................................................... 23 ARTICULO 1: ESTRUCTURA GENÉTICA DE DOS LÍNEAS DIVERGENTES SELECCIONADAS PARA CAPACIDAD UTERINA EN CONEJO .......................... 24 Resumen ........................................................................................................................ 24 Introducción ................................................................................................................. 25 Material y Métodos ..................................................................................................... 26 Resultados ..................................................................................................................... 34 Discusión ....................................................................................................................... 45 Conclusiones ................................................................................................................. 49 Agradecimientos .......................................................................................................... 49 Referencias Bibliográficas .......................................................................................... 49 ARTÍCULO 2: ESTUDIO DE ASOCIACIÓN DEL GENOMA COMPLETO Y HUELLAS DE SELECCIÓN EN LINEAS DIVERGENTES SELECCIONADAS PARA CAPACIDAD UTERINA EN CONEJO ................................................................ 53 Resumen ........................................................................................................................ 53 Introducción ................................................................................................................. 54 iii Material y Métodos. .................................................................................................... 55 Resultados ..................................................................................................................... 62 Discusión ....................................................................................................................... 72 Conclusiones e Implicaciones.................................................................................... 75 Agradecimientos .......................................................................................................... 76 Referencias Bibliográficas .......................................................................................... 76 DISCUSIÓN GENERAL Y CONCLUSIONES ................................................................ 85 REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS .................................................................................. 88 iv ÍNDICES DE TABLAS Introducción Tabla 1. Tamaño de camada al nacimiento en diversas razas/líneas con diferentes partos……………………………………………………………………… 3 Tabla 2. Respuesta a la selección en tamaño de camada en diversas especies prolíficas…………………………………………………………………… 8 Artículo 1 Tabla 1. Número de QTNs por grupo de estructura genética. ..................................... 27 Tabla 2. Clasificación de SNP de acuerdo con la asociación ......................................... 31 Tabla 3. Datos descriptivos de QTN-Fijados. .................................................................. 36 Tabla 4. Resumen de los resultados promedios por grupo utilizando la estrategia 2. .................................................................................................................................... 38 Tabla 5. Parámetros descriptivos del error tipo I (T1E) usando la estrategia 2 (líneas divergentes) ............................................................................................................. 38 Tabla 6. Parámetros descriptivos de la potencia de detección de asociación de SNP usando la estrategia 2 (líneas divergentes) ....................................................... 39 Tabla 7. Parámetros descriptivos del valor predictivo positivo usando la estrategia 2 (líneas divergentes) ................................................................................................ 39 Tabla 8. Parámetros de estimación del efecto de la deriva génica en los tres escenarios para las líneas divergentes. ................................................................................... 42 Artículo 2 Tabla 1. Análisis descriptivos del tamaño de camada y sus componentes. ............... 57 Tabla 2. Número de SNPs excluidos por diferentes criterios ....................................... 58 Tabla 3. Las varianzas y el valor pi (π) para el método de Bayes B. ............................ 60 Tabla 4. Regiones de QTL asociadas con el tamaño de camada y número de nacidos vivos en conejo por Bayes B. ................................................................................ 64 Tabla 5. Regiones de QTL asociadas con la tasa de ovulación en conejo por Bayes B. .................................................................................................................................... 65 v Tabla 6. Regiones de QTL asociadas con el número de embriones implantados en conejo por Bayes B. ................................................................................................ 66 Tabla 7. Número y características de los “clúster” obtenidos a partir de los índices de diferenciación genética (Fst) entre las poblaciones estudiadas, la línea alta de capacidad uterina (Alta) - la línea de referencia (línea V), y la línea baja de capacidad uterina (Baja) y la línea de referencia (línea V) ........................ 69 Tabla 8. Número de genes candidatos, principales genes candidatos y funciones biológicas de los “clúster” obtenidos a partir de los índices de diferenciación genética (Fst) entre la línea baja de capacidad uterina (Baja) y la línea de referencia (línea V). ................................................................................................ 71 vi ÍNDICES DE FIGURAS Introducción Figura 1. Árbol de una Coalescencia de una muestra de n= 5 unidades. ...................... 13 Artículo 1 Figura 1. Esquema de simulación de la selección divergente de capacidad uterina. .. 29 Figura 2. Ejemplo de creación de una matriz de confusión y un gráfico ROC.. ......... 33 Figura 3. Relación entre la respuesta a la selección versus la varianza aditiva inicial.. .................................................................................................................................... 35 Figura 4. Número de QTNs fijados por cada grupo y estrategia.. ................................ 37 Figura 5. Violin-Plot. (a) error tipo I, (b) potencia de detección,
Recommended publications
  • Probing the S100 Protein Family Through Genomic and Functional Analysis$
    Genomics 84 (2004) 10–22 www.elsevier.com/locate/ygeno Probing the S100 protein family through genomic and functional analysis$ Timothy Ravasi,a,b,* Kenneth Hsu,c Jesse Goyette,c Kate Schroder,a Zheng Yang,c Farid Rahimi,c Les P. Miranda,b,1 Paul F. Alewood,b David A. Hume,a,b and Carolyn Geczyc a SRC for Functional and Applied Genomics, CRC for Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, QLD, Australia b Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, QLD, Australia c Cytokine Research Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia Received 25 November 2003; accepted 2 February 2004 Available online 10 May 2004 Abstract The EF-hand superfamily of calcium binding proteins includes the S100, calcium binding protein, and troponin subfamilies. This study represents a genome, structure, and expression analysis of the S100 protein family, in mouse, human, and rat. We confirm the high level of conservation between mammalian sequences but show that four members, including S100A12, are present only in the human genome. We describe three new members of the S100 family in the three species and their locations within the S100 genomic clusters and propose a revised nomenclature and phylogenetic relationship between members of the EF-hand superfamily. Two of the three new genes were induced in bone-marrow-derived macrophages activated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide, suggesting a role in inflammation. Normal human and murine tissue distribution profiles indicate that some members of the family are expressed in a specific manner, whereas others are more ubiquitous.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Two Human Gene Clusters Involved in Innate Immunity
    Analysis of Two Human Gene Clusters Involved in Innate Immunity Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel vorgelegt von Zhihong Wu Kiel Mai 2005 Referent: Prof. Dr. rer. nat., Dr. h. c. Thomas C. G. Bosch Korreferent: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Jens-Michael Schröder Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 2005-12-08 Zum Druck genehmigt: Kiel, den 2005-12-21 ------------------------------- Der Dekan Contents List of Abbreviations . .. .. i 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Chemical antibiotics: an unsolved and growing problem .. .. .1 1.2 The importance of the innate immune response in living organisms . .. .2 1.3 Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) . .3 1.3.1 Discovery of AMPs . 4 1.3.2 Classification of AMPs. .4 1.3.3 The importance of AMPs in human skin. .6 1.4 The barrier function of human skin . 7 1.4.1 The cornified cell envelope (CCE) . .8 1.4.2 The epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) . .9 1.4.3 The functions of the SFTP family members . .. 10 1.5 Two emerging novel families of AMPs . ... .12 1.6 Objective of this study . .14 2 Materials and Methods 16 2.1 Patients . 16 2.2 Materials . .. 17 2.3 Tissues and RNA preparation . .. 18 2.4 Cell Culture . 18 2.5 Conventional RT-PCR . .. 19 2.6 Real-time RT-PCR . 20 2.7 In-silico cloning of the novel human SFTP and SPINK genes . 21 2.8 5’ and 3’ Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (RACE) . 23 2.9 Long-distance PCR and the short-range PCR-walking strategy .
    [Show full text]
  • Zimmer Cell Calcium 2013 Mammalian S100 Evolution.Pdf
    Cell Calcium 53 (2013) 170–179 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Cell Calcium jo urnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ceca Evolution of the S100 family of calcium sensor proteins a,∗ b b,1 b Danna B. Zimmer , Jeannine O. Eubanks , Dhivya Ramakrishnan , Michael F. Criscitiello a Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 North Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 20102, United States b Comparative Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4467, United States a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t 2+ Article history: The S100s are a large group of Ca sensors found exclusively in vertebrates. Transcriptomic and genomic Received 4 October 2012 data from the major radiations of mammals were used to derive the evolution of the mammalian Received in revised form 1 November 2012 S100s genes. In human and mouse, S100s and S100 fused-type proteins are in a separate clade from Accepted 3 November 2012 2+ other Ca sensor proteins, indicating that an ancient bifurcation between these two gene lineages Available online 14 December 2012 has occurred. Furthermore, the five genomic loci containing S100 genes have remained largely intact during the past 165 million years since the shared ancestor of egg-laying and placental mammals. Keywords: Nonetheless, interesting births and deaths of S100 genes have occurred during mammalian evolution. Mammals The S100A7 loci exhibited the most plasticity and phylogenetic analyses clarified relationships between Phylogenetic analyses the S100A7 proteins encoded in the various mammalian genomes.
    [Show full text]
  • Isolation and Characterization of Human Repetin, a Member of the Fused Gene Family of the Epidermal Differentiation Complex
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Isolation and Characterization of Human Repetin, a Member of the Fused Gene Family of the Epidermal Differentiation Complex Marcel Huber,à Georges Siegenthaler,w Nicolae Mirancea,z Ingo Marenholz,y Dean Nizetic,z Dirk Breitkreutz,z Dietmar Mischke,y and Daniel Hohlà ÃDepartment of Dermatology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; wDepartment of Dermatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; zDivision of Differentiation and Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; yInstitute for Immungenetics, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany; zInstitute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts & The London, Queen Mary’s School of Medicine, London, UK The human repetin gene is a member of the ‘‘fused’’ gene family and localized in the epidermal differentiation complex on chromosome 1q21. The ‘‘fused’’ gene family comprises profilaggrin, trichohyalin, repetin, hornerin, the profilaggrin-related protein and a protein encoded by c1orf10. Functionally, these proteins are associated with keratin intermediate filaments and partially crosslinked to the cell envelope (CE). Here, we report the isolation and characterization of the human repetin gene and of its protein product. The repetin protein of 784 amino acids contains EF (a structure resembling the E helix-calcium-binding loop-F helix domain of parvalbumin) hands of the S100 type and internal tandem repeats typical for CE precursor proteins, a combination which is characteristic for ‘‘fused’’ proteins. Repetin expression is scattered in the normal epidermis but strong in the acrosyringium, the inner hair root sheat and in the filiform papilli of the tongue.
    [Show full text]
  • The EF-Handome: Combining Comparative Genomic Study Using Famdbtool, a New Bioinformatics Tool, and the Network of Expertise of the European Calcium Society
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1742 (2004) 179–183 http://www.elsevier.com/locate/bba Review The EF-Handome: combining comparative genomic study using FamDBtool, a new bioinformatics tool, and the network of expertise of the European Calcium Society Jacques Haiech*, Saad B.M. Moulhaye, Marie-Claude Kilhoffer UMR 7034 CNRS and IFR 85 Gilbert Laustriat, 74, route du Rhin, 67401 ILLKIRCH France Received 9 August 2004; received in revised form 1 October 2004; accepted 4 October 2004 Available online 20 October 2004 Abstract By combining a bioinformatics tool (FamDBTool) and the expertise of a network of calcium binding proteins specialists (European Calcium Society), we aim to accelerate and to rationalize the curation of the public general biological database such as Swissprot and Entrez Gene with respect to specific protein families. In this paper, we show the feasibility of such rationale in order to set and to curate the human, mouse and rat sets of EF-Hand genes, the EF-Handome. D 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: EF-Handome; FamDBtool; European Calcium Society 1. Introduction in the human genome. Most of these genes present orthologs in mouse and rat. The proteins coded by these Calcium is one of the most important second mes- genes are divided in several subfamilies based on sequence sengers in eukaryotic cells, and probably also in similarities. prokaryotic cells [1,2]. Upon cellular stimulation, the One of the largest subfamily is constituted by the S100 cytosolic calcium concentration undergoes either a tran- proteins (see http://www.unizh.ch/ ~kispi/clinchem/calzium/ sient increase or a set of calcium oscillations.
    [Show full text]
  • Homo Sapiens, Homo Neanderthalensis and the Denisova Specimen: New Insights on Their Evolutionary Histories Using Whole-Genome Comparisons
    Genetics and Molecular Biology, 35, 4 (suppl), 904-911 (2012) Copyright © 2012, Sociedade Brasileira de Genética. Printed in Brazil www.sbg.org.br Research Article Homo sapiens, Homo neanderthalensis and the Denisova specimen: New insights on their evolutionary histories using whole-genome comparisons Vanessa Rodrigues Paixão-Côrtes, Lucas Henrique Viscardi, Francisco Mauro Salzano, Tábita Hünemeier and Maria Cátira Bortolini Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Abstract After a brief review of the most recent findings in the study of human evolution, an extensive comparison of the com- plete genomes of our nearest relative, the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), of extant Homo sapiens, archaic Homo neanderthalensis and the Denisova specimen were made. The focus was on non-synonymous mutations, which consequently had an impact on protein levels and these changes were classified according to degree of effect. A to- tal of 10,447 non-synonymous substitutions were found in which the derived allele is fixed or nearly fixed in humans as compared to chimpanzee. Their most frequent location was on chromosome 21. Their presence was then searched in the two archaic genomes. Mutations in 381 genes would imply radical amino acid changes, with a frac- tion of these related to olfaction and other important physiological processes. Eight new alleles were identified in the Neanderthal and/or Denisova genetic pools. Four others, possibly affecting cognition, occured both in the sapiens and two other archaic genomes. The selective sweep that gave rise to Homo sapiens could, therefore, have initiated before the modern/archaic human divergence.
    [Show full text]
  • Genomic Scans for Adaptive Introgression
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/697987; this version posted July 11, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. VolcanoFinder genomic scans for adaptive introgression Derek Setter12Y¤, Sylvain Mousset1Y, Xiaoheng Cheng3, Rasmus Nielsen4, Michael DeGiorgio56‡, Joachim Hermisson17‡, 1 Department of Mathematics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria 2 School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom 3 Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA 4 Departments of Integrative Biology and Statistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA 5 Departments of Biology and Statistics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA 6 Institute for CyberScience, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA 7 Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria YThese authors contributed equally to this work. ‡These authors also contributed equally to this work. ¤Current Address: School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom *Correspondence: [email protected] (JH), [email protected] (MD) July 10, 2019 1/96 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/697987; this version posted July 11, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Abstract Recent research shows that introgression between closely-related species is an important source of adaptive alleles for a wide range of taxa.
    [Show full text]
  • Hornerin Gene Was Involved in a Case of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Transformed from Myelodysplastic Syndrome with T(1;2)(Q21;Q37)
    Letters to the Editor 2184 1 MHV-A59 Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Virology Division, , Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands and 2Department of Medical Oncology, Division of Gene Therapy, A3.10 VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected] 3Current address: Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. N-CEACAM-Fc References mock 1 Koya RC, Kasahara N, Pullarkat V, Levine AM, Stripecke R. Transduction of acute myeloid leukemia cells with third generation self-inactivating lentiviral vectors expressing CD80 and GM-CSF: effects on proliferation, differentiation, and stimulation of allogeneic and autologous anti-leukemia immune responses. Leukemia 2002; Figure 4 Visualization of the FcgRI-mediated MHV infection of 6 16: 1645–1654. THP-1 cells. An amount of 1 Â 10 TCID50 units MHV-A59 was mixed 5 2 Takada A, Kawaoka Y. Antibody-dependent enhancement of viral with N-CEACAM-Fc or MAb A3.10 and inoculated onto 1 Â 10 THP-1 cells. After 24 h, infected cells were immunofluorescently infection: molecular mechanisms and in vivo implications. Rev Med stained using MHV-specific antibodies. Virol 2003; 13: 387–398. 3 Wallace PK, Howell AL, Fanger MW. Role of Fc gamma receptors in cancer and infectious disease. J Leukoc Biol 1994; 55: 816–826. 4Wu¨rdinger T, Verheije MH, Raaben M, Bosch BJ, de Haan CAM, van Beusechem VW et al. Targeting non-human coronaviruses to Besides coronaviruses, various other viruses have been human cancer cells using a bispecific single-chain antibody. Gene described to use Fc receptors as an alternative entry pathway; Therapy 2005; 12: 1394–1404.
    [Show full text]
  • Role of SV40 Integration Site at Chromosomal Interval 1Q21.1 in Immortalized CRL2504 Cells
    Published OnlineFirst September 29, 2009; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-1003 Molecular Biology, Pathobiology, and Genetics Role of SV40 Integration Site at Chromosomal Interval 1q21.1 in Immortalized CRL2504 Cells Jinglan Liu,1 Gurpreet Kaur,1 Vikramjit K. Zhawar,1 Drazen B. Zimonjic,2 NicholasC. Popescu, 2 Raj P. Kandpal,3 and Raghbir S. Athwal1 1Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 2Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland;and 3Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California Abstract state of crisis that is characterized by massive cell death through apoptosis or necrosis (3). However, a rare variant cell (1 in 107 to We have applied a functional gene transfer strategy to show 8 the importance of viral integration site in cellular immortal- 10 ) survives the crisis state and continues to multiply indefinitely ization. The large tumor antigen of SV40 is capable of (2). These studies suggest that M1 and M2 are regulated through extending the cellular life span by sequestering tumor separate genetic controls, and immortalized cells have either suppressor proteins pRB and p53 in virus-transformed human inactivated or bypassed regulatory pathways involved in both M1 cells. Although SV40 large T antigen is essential, it is not and M2 stages. sufficient for cellular immortalization, suggesting that addi- The presence of SV40 has been reported in some human tumors, tional alterations in cellular genes are required to attain such as mesothelioma, osteosarcoma, ependymomas (4–7), bron- chopulmonary carcinoma, and nonmalignant pulmonary disease infinite proliferation.
    [Show full text]
  • Seeing Keratinocyte Proteins Through the Looking Glass of Intrinsic Disorder
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Seeing Keratinocyte Proteins through the Looking Glass of Intrinsic Disorder Rambon Shamilov 1 , Victoria L. Robinson 2 and Brian J. Aneskievich 3,* 1 Graduate Program in Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; [email protected] 2 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, University of Connecticut, 91 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; [email protected] 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-860-486-3053 Abstract: Epidermal keratinocyte proteins include many with an eccentric amino acid content (com- positional bias), atypical ultrastructural fate (built-in protease sensitivity), or assembly visible at the light microscope level (cytoplasmic granules). However, when considered through the looking glass of intrinsic disorder (ID), these apparent oddities seem quite expected. Keratinocyte proteins with highly repetitive motifs are of low complexity but high adaptation, providing polymers (e.g., profi- laggrin) for proteolysis into bioactive derivatives, or monomers (e.g., loricrin) repeatedly cross-linked to self and other proteins to shield underlying tissue. Keratohyalin granules developing from liquid– liquid phase separation (LLPS) show that unique biomolecular condensates (BMC) and proteinaceous membraneless organelles (PMLO) occur in these highly customized cells. We conducted bioinfor- matic and in silico assessments of representative keratinocyte differentiation-dependent proteins. This was conducted in the context of them having demonstrated potential ID with the prospect of Citation: Shamilov, R.; Robinson, that characteristic driving formation of distinctive keratinocyte structures.
    [Show full text]
  • Phd Thesis by Martin Kircher
    Understanding and improving high-throughput sequencing data production and analysis Der Fakult¨at fur¨ Mathematik und Informatik der Universit¨at Leipzig angenommene DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades DOCTOR RERUM NATURALIUM (Dr. rer. nat.) im Fachgebiet Informatik vorgelegt von M. Sc. hon. Martin Kircher geboren am 30. September 1983 in Erfurt Die Annahme der Dissertation wurde empfohlen von: 1. Professor Dr. Anton Nekrutenko (PennState University, USA) 2. Professor Dr. Peter F. Stadler (Leipzig) Die Verleihung des akademischen Grades erfolgt mit Bestehen der Verteidigung am 11. Juli 2011 mit dem Gesamtpr¨adikat summa cum laude. Kircher, Martin Understanding and improving high-throughput sequencing data production and analysis Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig University, Germany, Dissertation 2011 226 pages, 254 references, 66 figures, 23 tables Preface Abstract Advances in DNA sequencing revolutionized the field of genomics over the last 5 years. New sequencing instruments make it possible to rapidly generate large amounts of sequence data at substantially lower cost. These high-throughput sequencing technologies (e.g. Roche 454 FLX, Life Technology SOLiD, Dover Polonator, Helicos HeliScope and Illumina Genome Analyzer) make whole genome sequencing and resequencing, transcript sequencing as well as quantification of gene expression, DNA-protein interactions and DNA methylation feasible at an unanticipated scale. In the field of evolutionary genomics, high-throughput sequencing permitted studies
    [Show full text]
  • Construction of an Integrated Map of the Genomic Locus 1Q21 Harboring
    Construction of an integrated map of the genomic locus lq21 harboring the Human Epidermal Differentiation Complex as a platform for the identification of all genes in this complex, the study of their expression, regulation, function and evolution by Andrew P. South Thesis Submitted For The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of London 1999 Centre For Applied Molecular Biology School of Pharmacy ProQuest Number: 10104217 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest. ProQuest 10104217 Published by ProQuest LLC(2016). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Abstract The human Epidermal Differentiation Complex (EDC) on chromosome lq21 consists of three structurally different, yet functionally related, gene families. Members of all three gene families have been shown to play important roles in epidermal differentiation. This thesis initially describes the assembly of a completely contiguous set of overlapping bacterial clones covering 2.45Mb of human genomic DNA from the lq21 locus, encompassing the entire EDC. All known genes (28) and eight DNA markers within the EDC are precisely localized to EcoRI restriction enzyme fragments that constitute a partial EcoRI and full Notl and Sail restriction enzyme map.
    [Show full text]