The Idea of the Common Good in the Light of Encyclicals Laborem Exercens and Centesimus Annus
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Elizabeth R. Schiltz Associate Professor of Law
SCHOOL OF LAW Legal Studies Research Paper Series WEST, MACINTYRE AND WOJTYŁA: POPE JOHN PAUL II’S CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF A DEPENDENCY-BASED THEORY OF JUSTICE 45 Journal of Catholic Legal Studies 369 (2007) Elizabeth R. Schiltz Associate Professor of Law University of St. Thomas School of Law Legal Studies Research Paper No. 06-27 This paper can be downloaded without charge from The Social Science Research Network electronic library at: http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=923209 A complete list of University of St. Thomas School of Law Research Papers can be found at: http:// http://www.ssrn.com/link/st-thomas-legal-studies.html CP_SCHILTZ 3/13/2007 3:28:24 AM WEST, MACINTYRE, AND WOJTYŁA: POPE JOHN PAUL II’S CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF A DEPENDENCY- BASED THEORY OF JUSTICE ELIZABETH R. SCHILTZ† In recent decades, a strand of feminist theory variously referred to as “care feminism,” “cultural feminism,” or “relational feminism” has been arguing for a social re-evaluation of what has traditionally been regarded as “women’s work”—the care of dependents, such as children and elderly or disabled family members. As part of that project, a number of feminists have suggested that the traditional liberal theory of justice, based on the ideal of autonomous, independent actors, should be rejected, or at least revised to reflect the reality of dependency in the life of every individual. Recent books offering such alternative, dependency-based theories of justice include: Joan Tronto, Moral Boundaries: A Political Argument for an Ethic of Care;1 Eva Feder Kittay, Love’s Labor;2 Robin L. -
John Paul II, Encyclical, Laborem Exercens (On Human Work), 1981
John Paul II, encyclical, Laborem exercens (On Human Work), 1981 11. Dimensions of the Conflict . I must however first touch on a very important field of questions in which [the Church’s] teaching has taken shape in this latest period, the one marked and in a sense symbolized by the publication of the Encyclical Rerum Novarum [by Leo XIII in 1891]. Throughout this period [beginning with the industrial revolution], which is by no means yet over, the issue of work has of course been posed on the basis of the great conflict that in the age of, and together with, industrial development emerged between "capital" and "labour", that is to say between the small but highly influential group of entrepreneurs, owners or holders of the means of production, and the broader multitude of people who lacked these means and who shared in the process of production solely by their labour. The conflict originated in the fact that the workers put their powers at the disposal of the entrepreneurs, and these, following the principle of maximum profit, tried to establish the lowest possible wages for the work done by the employees. In addition there were other elements of exploitation, connected with the lack of safety at work and of safeguards regarding the health and living conditions of the workers and their families. This conflict, interpreted by some as a socioeconomic class conflict, found expression in the ideological conflict between liberalism, understood as the ideology of capitalism, and Marxism, understood as the ideology of scientiflc socialism and communism, which professes to act as the spokesman for the working class and the worldwide proletariat. -
A Spirituality of Work 2001
A SPIRITUALITY OF WORK 2001 Front cover: The Angelus', by Jean-François Millet (1814-75); Musée d'Orsay, Paris/Bridgeman Art Library Contents: • Foreword • Work in the sacred scriptures • The Church's teaching on work • Human dignity and the value of work • Prayers and meditations • Resources Publisher's Information © 2001 Catholic Bishops' Conference of England and Wales, 39 Eccleston Square, LONDON SW1V 1BX Published in January 2001 by the Catholic Media Trust on behalf of the Committee for the World of Work of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of England and Wales The scripture quotations are from The New Revised Standard Version of the Bible, Anglicised Edition, copyright © 1989, 1995 by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America, and are used by permission. All rights reserved. ‘Lord God, who entrusted the earth' from Divine Office © 1974 Hierarchies of Australia, England & Wales, Ireland; A P Watt. ‘Blessed are you, Lord our God' from Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops, A Book of Blessings © 1981 Concacan Inc. Take my hands by Sebastian Temple © 1967 OCP Publications. Produced by the Catholic Media Office, London. Printed by MCS Thorndale Ltd, London. ISBN: 0 905241 18 5 A Spirituality of Work Foreword The World of Work Committee of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of England and Wales offers this booklet as a contribution to the awakening of the Catholic Church to the blessing given the human race by God by the gift of work. The members of the Committee, who are themselves laity and workers, are well aware of the discontinuity in the perception of many workers between the experience of work (or unemployment) and the fulfilling of God's purpose for them. -
John Paul II and Children's Education Christopher Tollefsen
Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy Volume 21 Article 6 Issue 1 Symposium on Pope John Paul II and the Law 1-1-2012 John Paul II and Children's Education Christopher Tollefsen Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/ndjlepp Recommended Citation Christopher Tollefsen, John Paul II and Children's Education, 21 Notre Dame J.L. Ethics & Pub. Pol'y 159 (2007). Available at: http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/ndjlepp/vol21/iss1/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy at NDLScholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy by an authorized administrator of NDLScholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. JOHN PAUL H AND CHILDREN'S EDUCATION CHRISTOPHER TOLLEFSEN* Like many other moral and social issues, children's educa- tion can serve as a prism through which to understand the impli- cations of moral, political, and legal theory. Education, like the family, abortion, and embryonic research, capital punishment, euthanasia, and other issues, raises a number of questions, the answers to which are illustrative of a variety of moral, political, religious, and legal standpoints. So, for example, a libertarian, a political liberal, and a per- fectionist natural lawyer will all have something to say about the question of who should provide a child's education, what the content of that education should be, and what mechanisms for the provision of education, such as school vouchers, will or will not be morally and politically permissible. -
The Holy See
The Holy See APOSTOLIC EXHORTATION FAMILIARIS CONSORTIO OF POPE JOHN PAUL II TO THE EPISCOPATE TO THE CLERGY AND TO THE FAITHFUL OF THE WHOLE CATHOLIC CHURCH ON THE ROLE OF THE CHRISTIAN FAMILY IN THE MODERN WORLD INTRODUCTION The Church at the Service of the Family 1. The family in the modern world, as much as and perhaps more than any other institution, has been beset by the many profound and rapid changes that have affected society and culture. Many families are living this situation in fidelity to those values that constitute the foundation of the institution of the family. Others have become uncertain and bewildered over their role or even doubtful and almost unaware of the ultimate meaning and truth of conjugal and family life. Finally, there are others who are hindered by various situations of injustice in the realization of their fundamental rights. Knowing that marriage and the family constitute one of the most precious of human values, the Church wishes to speak and offer her help to those who are already aware of the value of marriage and the family and seek to live it faithfully, to those who are uncertain and anxious and searching for the truth, and to those who are unjustly impeded from living freely their family lives. Supporting the first, illuminating the second and assisting the others, the Church offers her services to every person who wonders about the destiny of marriage and the family.[1] 2 In a particular way the Church addresses the young, who are beginning their journey towards marriage and family life, for the purpose of presenting them with new horizons, helping them to discover the beauty and grandeur of the vocation to love and the service of life. -
The Holy See
The Holy See IOANNES PAULUS PP. II EVANGELIUM VITAE To the Bishops Priests and Deacons Men and Women religious lay Faithful and all People of Good Will on the Value and Inviolability of Human Life INTRODUCTION 1. The Gospel of life is at the heart of Jesus' message. Lovingly received day after day by the Church, it is to be preached with dauntless fidelity as "good news" to the people of every age and culture. At the dawn of salvation, it is the Birth of a Child which is proclaimed as joyful news: "I bring you good news of a great joy which will come to all the people; for to you is born this day in the city of David a Saviour, who is Christ the Lord" (Lk 2:10-11). The source of this "great joy" is the Birth of the Saviour; but Christmas also reveals the full meaning of every human birth, and the joy which accompanies the Birth of the Messiah is thus seen to be the foundation and fulfilment of joy at every child born into the world (cf. Jn 16:21). When he presents the heart of his redemptive mission, Jesus says: "I came that they may have life, and have it abundantly" (Jn 10:10). In truth, he is referring to that "new" and "eternal" life 2 which consists in communion with the Father, to which every person is freely called in the Son by the power of the Sanctifying Spirit. It is precisely in this "life" that all the aspects and stages of human life achieve their full significance. -
Social Teaching of John Paul II Handout
Preceding History To understand the quantum leap of John Paul II’s social teaching, we need to know a li<le of what preceded it: • Rerum Novarum (Leo XIII, 1891) • Quadragesimo Anno (Pius XI, 1931) • Mater et Magistra (Pope John XXIII, 1961) • Gaudium et Spes (Vacan II, 1965) • Popolorum Progressio (Paul VI, 1967) Scope of Catholic Social Teaching The Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Catholic Church (published in 2004 and authorized by John Paul II) lists several themes of the Church’s social teaching: • Marriage and Family • Human Work (the dignity of work, right to work, rights of workers, solidarity) • Economic Life (morality and the economy, private iniHave and business iniHave) • PoliHcal Community (authority, democrac system, civil society, interacHon with religious communiHes) • Internaonal Community (fundamental rules, organizaon, cooperaon for development) • The Environment • Peace (fruit of jusHce and love; it’s opposite is war) We will focus above all on “economic subjects” which fundamentally involve human work, economic life, the poliHcal community as well as culture. Deeper Anthropological & Biblical Re-Readings of CST • John Paul II’s Christological theological anthropology • Redemptor Hominis (1979) as the program for his ponHficate and his social teaching. • Antecedents in Gaudium et Spes. • Christ fully reveals man to himself and makes his supreme calling clear (GS 22): • Man cannot discover himself except in the sincere gic of self (GS 24) Deeper Anthropological & Biblical Re-Readings of CST • Applicaons of this theological anthropology to other areas of his ponHficate • Human Sexuality • God’s Mercy • Dignity of Women • Family • Moral Theology • Faith and Reason • ProtecHon of Human Life • Ecumenism • Art • Priestly Formaon and Priestly Life • Human Suffering Deeper Anthropological & Biblical Re-Readings of CST • Applicaons of this theological anthropology within his three major social encyclicals. -
Saint John Paul II
CELEBRATING THE CENTENARY OF THE BIRTH OF Saint John Paul II Pope John Paul II gestures to the crowd during World Youth Day in Denver in 1993. (CNS photo) Produced by Office of Communications May 2020 On April 2, 2020 we commemorated the 15th Anniversary of St. John Paul II’s death and on May 18, 2020, we celebrate the Centenary of his birth. Many of us have special personal We remember his social justice memories of the impact of St. John encyclicals Laborem exercens (1981), Paul II’s ecclesial missionary mysticism Sollicitudo rei socialis (1987) and which was forged in the constant Centesimus annus (1991) that explored crises he faced throughout his life. the rich history and contemporary He planted the Cross of Jesus Christ relevance of Catholic social justice at the heart of every personal and teaching. world crisis he faced. During these We remember his emphasis on the days of COVID-19, we call on his relationship between objective truth powerful intercession. and history. He saw first hand in Nazism We vividly recall his visits to Poland, and Stalinism the bitter and tragic BISHOP visits during which millions of Poles JOHN O. BARRES consequences in history of warped joined in chants of “we want God,” is the fifth bishop of the culture of death philosophies. visits that set in motion the 1989 Catholic Diocese of Rockville In contrast, he asked us to be collapse of the Berlin Wall and a Centre. Follow him on witnesses to the Splendor of Truth, fundamental change in the world. Twitter, @BishopBarres a Truth that, if followed and lived We remember too, his canonization courageously, could lead the world of Saint Faustina, the spreading of global devotion to bright new horizons of charity, holiness and to the Divine Mercy and the establishment of mission. -
The Church in the Modern World: Papal Leadership, Lay Response
The Church in the Modern World: Papal Leadership, Lay Response How are we to live our Christianity in today’s world? Vatican Council II named us, the laity, as the ones whose task it is to change the world. How do we do that? From the 1800s our Popes have been showing us how. Join in our Singing Praise study of what our Holy Fathers (and Vatican Council II) have said to guide us. After an initial review of Catholic teaching on Divine Revelation, the call of the laity, and the Vatican Council II document, “The Church in the Modern World,” we will see what popes have said about how to change the world we live in. This study may challenge our thinking, but the reading will be simple. Each week there will be a one page summary of Church teaching and three pages of quotations from popes and church documents. This is a discussion study of main ideas and their application, though there will be links to original documents for those who may want to read more. September 10: How Do We Know Something Is of God? A Look at Catholic teaching on Divine Revelation and the Hierarchy of Truths—from Vatican Council II and the Catholic Catechism. September 17: Patriotic Rosary, no class. September 24: What is the Role of Church in our Modern World? A look at how the Church’s Role is defined in the Vatican Council II document, Gaudium et Spes. October 1: In the Big Picture, What am I, Ordinary Lay Catholic, to Do? A look at Vatican II documents and words of Popes St. -
The Holy See
The Holy See APOSTOLIC CONSTITUTION PASTOR BONUS JOHN PAUL, BISHOP SERVANT OF THE SERVANTS OF GOD FOR AN EVERLASTING MEMORIAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction I GENERAL NORMS Notion of Roman Curia (art. 1) Structure of the Dicasteries (arts. 2-10) Procedure (arts. 11-21) Meetings of Cardinals (arts. 22-23) Council of Cardinals for the Study of Organizational and Economic Questions of the Apostolic See (arts. 24-25) Relations with Particular Churches (arts. 26-27) Ad limina Visits (arts. 28-32) Pastoral Character of the Activity of the Roman Curia (arts. 33-35) Central Labour Office (art. 36) Regulations (arts. 37-38) II SECRETARIAT OF STATE (Arts. 39-47) 2 First Section (arts. 41-44) Second Section (arts. 45-47) III CONGREGATIONS Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (arts. 48-55) Congregation for the Oriental Churches (arts. 56-61) Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments (arts. 62-70) Congregation for the Causes of Saints (arts. 71-74) Congregation for Bishops (arts. 75-84) Pontifical Commission for Latin America (arts. 83-84) Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples (arts. 85-92) Congregation for the Clergy (arts. 93-104) Pontifical Commission Preserving the Patrimony of Art and History (arts. 99-104) Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and for Societies of Apostolic Life (arts. 105-111) Congregation of Seminaries and Educational Institutions (arts. 112-116) IV TRIBUNALS Apostolic Penitentiary (arts. 117-120) Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura (arts. 121-125) Tribunal of the Roman Rota (arts. 126-130) V PONTIFICAL COUNCILS Pontifical Council for the Laity (arts. -
John Paul II (1920-2005)
John Paul II (1920-2005) ‘Man connects his deeper human identity with belonging to the nation, and he also understands his work as a multiplication of the common good worked out by his countrymen, realizing that this work is used to multiply the achievements of the whole human family, all people living in the world’ The Encyclical of John Paul II, ‚Laborem exercens’, 14 September 1981. ‘There is a basic sovereignty of society, which is expressed in the culture of the Nation. At the same time, it is the sovereignty by which man is the most sovereign.’ Speech of John Paul II to the representatives of the world of culture, church of St. Cross in Warsaw, 13 June 1987. Holy Mass at Zaspa in Gdańsk with the participation of John Paul II during his third pilgrimage to Poland. Among the faithful there are numerous flags and banners with the inscription ‘Solidarity’, 8 June 1987. AIPN Photo: Wojtek Łaski/East News Photo: Laski Diffusion/East News Karol Wojtyła with his mother Emilia, 1920. Karol Wojtyła with his father Karol, an officer of the Polish Army, 1926. Youth Karol Wojtyła was born in Wadowice on 18 May 1920. His moth- er, Emilia, died when he was 9 years old. From that time the boy was brought up by his father Karol, an officer of the Austrian army, and later of the Polish Army, a participant in the war of 1920. Karol’s brother Edmund, who was 14 years older, became a doctor. At the age of 26, he was infected with scarlet fever and died. -
Topical Index
298 The Moral Life in Christ Index Page numbers in color indicate illustrations. Titles of paintings will be found under the name of the artist, unless they are anonymous. References to specific citations from Scripture and the Catechism will be found in the separate INDEX OF CITATIONS. A art and music in Church, 130 sanctifying grace in, 33, 34, atheism, 119, 124 235, 250–252, 287, 288 attractiveness. See sexuality Barzotti, Biagio, Pope abortion and abortion laws, Leo XIII with Cardinals St. Augustine of Hippo 50, 82, 88, 90–91, 103 Rampolla, Parochi, on Baptism, 43 Abraham, 103 Bonaparte, and Sacconi (ca. Benedict XVI on, 14 absolution, 148, 286 1890), 114 Champaigne, Philippe de, abstinence, 99, 175, 286 Baudricourt, Robert, 239 Saint Augustine (ca. 1650), Baumgartner, Johan acedia, 66, 286 212 Wolfgang, The Prodigal Son actual grace, 235, 286 Confessions, 12 Wasting his Inheritance (1724- Adam and Eve on Eternal Law, 58–59 1761), 6 marriage and, 108 on freedom, 9 beatitude, 34, 120, 193. See Original Justice and, 19 on grace, 246 also holiness Original Sin and, 17–22, 24, on happiness, 47 Beatitudes, 145, 147–150, 26, 33, 206, 293 152–154, 161, 165, 286 life of, 7 adoration, 275, 277, 286 Benedict XVI (pope) on love, 89 adulation, 129, 130, 286 Caritas in Veritate (papal passions and, 212 adultery, 93, 94, 102, 286 encyclical, 2009), 117–118 on prayer, 283 alcohol and drugs, 84, 141 Deus Caritas Est (papal Retractationes, 28 encyclical, 2005), 13–14 almsgiving, 123, 257, 286 On the Sermon on the general audience, Nov.