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5-1852

The South African Church Magazine and Ecclesiastical Review

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Vol. IZZ], fNo. 5.

SOUTH AFRICAN

churce: magazine m

AND

MAY, 1852.

Ecr/tsi'u una esi, qua in multittidintm lutiua incremenlo lacunditiitf €Ste>,dUvr ; p,omodo sulk wuUi radii, sed Itanen vnum; et rami arboris multt, sed robur unum t^aei radice fandatum. i>, (nPniAS.

•€ape Coton A. S. Robertson, Heerkngracht. W. L. Samuoks, PLEii-sTRrxr, ASD A. H, Hewitt & Sos, St. G£J)rge'&-stjieet.

iUntion J. UlCHARDSO*, 23, "CcKBNBJIJt,. CONTENTS. What are the Essentials of Christianity ? Page 129 A Chapter on Churches, - ---- .. 134 Biography. T. F. Biixton, _--- „ 137 Ecclesiastical Councils, - - - - - „ H2 Tl Notes from a Clergyman's Parochial Visiting Book, Ch. 26, „ 144 SOUTH ; The Lodire in the Wilderness, - - -- » 151 Poiltjiy:—Here we Best, __-- „ 153 Translation of Latin Hymn, „ 154 cHimcii I Revir-ws:—The Churchman's Year Book for 1852, lb. The Book of Church History, - 155 Ways of overcnmiiiii Teiipptulioii, 156 MA"^ ^torips on th'' Lord's Prayei, - „ lb. Vol. in. Nrvvs ('onf.cctcd with the Diocese of Cape Town, 157 Home News, ------158 Colonial and Forei-^n News, . .-- .. 159 WHAT AEE THE ESSE^ Zfotioe to Correspondents atxd Subscribers- These are days ^ The Utter of "Clericus" in reply to the " Pmi'osal for a Diocesan Par abotU the Wess^ugs of sonage Fund " came lo hand too late for insertion iii ilie iiresent Number. from the letter, more tha^ "Missions ill Indirt," No. 3, received. natiers to exaaiime tar •#* As p-iynientR for printing, &c. have lo be niaiie monthly, .md tlie pcstagp of country copies to be paid each issue, we call the notice of Sub scribers 10 the S.A. C. Magazine lo the necessity ofSubscripdons being paid ill iidvaiice. Ti.e Proprietor will be obliged by ihe pay ment ofSubscriptions tor 185'2. and ofarrears/or 1851. aisungSr^e^';ltion.ofmanku.d b; AH commiinicaiion«,anJr. Sammoks, 11, Plem- religious vie«s, ) »P sireet, Cape Town. who has espoused the u .ense is synonymoiis wt Hvurs appointedfor Divi'-e Strvice tind the Ad"'in!slration ofthe ^acra- disposed to disliDgu^h ^ men's, al St. George's Cathedral Churchy Cupe Towti. SUNDAY,—Morning Service commences at 11; Kvtning Service atA 5:.lr£:;S"S phSl 6. Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday MoRKl^GS, Service tom- mences athalf-past 8 o'clock. Wednesday, Friday, and the Holy ofleat practic^U import, Days, at 11. Ihe current opm>on» ' Evening Service, throughout the week, commences al half-past 6 . cWiliMtiou , o'clock. On Wednesday Evening, a Lecture is delivered. The Holy Commuhion is administered every Sxjkday through out the year. of tlie age, a ; Holy Baptismon the Mornings of Wednesday and Fuiday. Role, pavamouot Seats are reserved at i!ie Cathedral for \ isiiors, and may bebadges ^ Se UBhter per.od>=al U, chori-c, on application to llie Sexton at the time of service. W. A. NEWMAN, M.A., Dean. - Page 129 - „ 134 - ,, 137 142 siting THE 144 161 SOUTH AFRICA N' 153 154 1852, ib. CHIJKCII MAOAZINE. 155 156 ib. Vol. 111. MAY, 1852, No. 5. Wl). 157 158 159 WHAT ARE THE ESSENTIALS OF CHRISTIANITY? cribers- No. V. T a Diocesan Par- These are days when we constaully bear a great deol said resent Nunibfr. about tbe blessiugs of civilization. It will be a deviation from the lellev, more than froui tbespirir, of the title of these monthly, iind tJie papers to examine bo«- far the vital interests of religion may 'le noticeof Sub- ipiions being paid be in danger from some of the current opinions aud phraseo of Subscriptions logy on this subject. For though it by no ujeaiis follows that, because a man denies civilization, apart and as 'uld be addresser) distinguished from religion, to be by itself equal to the moral 'ONs, 11, piein. renovation of manl

130 salion is deeply imbued wUli it; public oratory teems with it exhibits a clear example in th od 7iavseam; and inauy good men who would be the last, if ofits existence the desceuctat ihey knew it, lo commit themselves to anv course of conduct aloof from the vest of their br or expression ol opinions which would be likely in the uresented an exception to t remotest degree to damage the interests of revealed religion, around them. At length on. are j'et perplexed by the mixed nature of the subject; tliev was done away in the violalu cannot but acknowledge the blessings of civilization; they apparently been in force In may doubt, perhaps, whether a civilized people can recede intermarriages with the ungo from any point of their hard-won position without deteriora universal. "The earth was tion in all ways; at the same time they ste the dangers almost total destruction of tn. arising from the highly artificial character of the more orna' the only method that remai mentzd parts of civilization lo themseli'es, und they may manner of dealing with the fear their influence on others; but exactly where to draw us precisely the same less( ihe line they do not see; they fear to do evil that good may disuniting power of sin, dil come; and before ihey have made np their minds what towards the ante-diluvians ii c(ii:rse tiiey will take, the tide of custom has snclu^d them is closely connected with ou into the crowd, and, aliens the while in heart, they are seen vians appear to have eutere like others kneeling at the foot of the Idol. The objectof sense of at least the ihe following remarlfs will not have been missed, if, by doubt the memory of the a helping lo clear the reader's conceptions, they should tend incuited the dreaaful punt to vender his footing along the perilous pathway of human down with considerable di life at all firnjer and surer. their descendants. At all Before we can expect to understand the interdependence that the post-diluvian wond of civilization and religion, we must be sure that we know large empire; and, appavei what civilization means. Every one, of course, understands 10 guard, by previous con by it various and very important modes and conditions of that state of utter pobtica human advancement: but the term is loosely used, and no the flood. But this alieini doubt the idea represented by it is mostly vague: how would of God's siipvemacy, and we define it? Whiit are pnrfs of the cninples idea which was specially punished 1 il suggests? \Ve will first attempt to answer this question. whether preternatural or No one can doubt that mankind have an innate tendency that famous dispersion f»ot lo social and political combination, and that it must always nations and languages tha have been intended that all human progress should go hand second time ihe smfulnei in hand with tlie due management of this tendency. Further, namval political tendenc: it is easy to conceive that, even if man had retained his meals as already existed, original rectitude, and, with that, his original intellectual except ou the one basis c purity and power, political emergencies raiglit constantly namely, of obedience to have arisen from the increasing complexity of human alfairs first grand poliucal d.sl. of sufficient intricacy to afford scope for constant moral disci was ll.is, tbalaretuvn to pline, and that man's advancement as a moral crealtire might li'ssnessiheftvslbeginmngsot^cwas prevented have depended in no small degree on the exercise thus fiu'- nished. But the history of the world shews, what might have been inferred a priori, tliat sin, in the degree in which il attaining to its old he.gh prevails, is incompatible wiih compact political organization. The ante-diluviau world, however obscure its general hisiorv, • Gen: Ti- 11. 131 ilh ii exhibits a clear example in this respect. For acertain period St, if of its existence ibe descendants of Seth appear to have stood idiict aloof from the rest of their brethren, and for so long to have tlie presented an exception to the general declension going ou i'ion, around them. At length one of their strongest protections they was done away in the violation of the restriction which had they apparently been in force irom the very earliest ages iipon rede intermarriages with the ungodly, and the coiTuplion became ora- universal. "The earth was filled with violence;"* and the gers almost total destruction of that generation seems to have been ma the only method that remained of saving the race. God's il ay manner of dealing with the post-diluviaus, while it teaches raw us precisely the same lesson over again witli regard to the nay disuniting power of sin, differed from the method observed hat towards the ante-diluvians in one important particular which em is closely connected with our present sui ject. 'Ihe post-dilu- ?en vians appear to have entered on tbeir ne\^' trial with a deep of sense of at least the infXpediaicy of political division. No by doubt the memory of the awful moral confusion which had nd incnrred the dreadful punishment of the deluge was handed an down with considerable distinctness by the sons of Noah to their descendants. At all events, history conspires to shew ce that the post-diluvian world at once tooli the direction of one )IV large empire ; andj apparently, there was a deliberate resolve ds to guard, by previous contrivance, against the recurrence of of that slate of utter political disruption which had preceded 10 the flood. But this atlenipt at union was basedon contempt Id of God's siipremacj'» and accordingly it not only failed, but •h was specially punished by a Divine interposition, which, whetlier preternatural or not, had the effect of producing y tliat famous dispersion from which we date thevast variety ot '8 nations and languages that now diversify the world, riiusi a d second lime ihe stnfulness of man effectually obstructed his natural political tendencies, upsetting such social arrange 8 ments as already existed, and absolutely forbidding all union, except ou the one basis originally prepared lor it, the basi.s, namely, of obedience to God. But the peculiarity of tliis first grand political dislocation ot the post-diUiyian world was this, that a return to the old condition of universal law- k'ssness was prevented by the infliction of a punishment on tlie firstbeginnings ofwickedness and disorder, which, besides being a punishment, forbad the possibility ofthe disorder ever attaining to its old height, and compelled it inpart tocorrect

• Gen: yi. 11. pi,; i.-. • r

133

132

itself. As was said before, mankind after the flood at once took the direction of one vast and well-consolidated empire, the nucleus of whicli, ia ihe form of the Assyrian Power, towards lo h nerer died out until a new nucleus had been formed ready to receive and execute all those functions which the Assyriaa deg^'ce ot mTA degreeestrangementof their fre; empire had sustained before. And as the Assyrian eiHpir© was deputed to give form and body during the first periods ^ice \eisa. mtheimv of post-diluvian historytothe religious and politicaltraditions pond so fat, they which had been transmitted by the sons of Noah, so it seems ^bove, one fused mass c certain that there never was a time when at least some one large and compact empire did not exist, which was the nursery of knowledge of all kinds, for as long as God saw fit, then- decleni Unsion, fromdispersion.ever relaps when the material fraine-work fell to pieces, and the spirit of punishment of ^ law and order and progress which had animated it passed to the next new habitation which had been prepared for it. But while a sun-spot of comparative order and enlightenment custom, beebecame in timeconlranetystiUmo. was thus passing, in a westerly direction, along the world, and ^and, each resting for a longer or shorler time over particular regions that, on according as the inhabitants were more or less true to the light of it, the bulk of mankind had gradually, under the sentence of God's anger, been separating more and move from became 0,en« one another, and soon not even the great mountain-ranges of Asia, with their eternal and impassable snows, presented a barrier lo re-union so hopeless as the diversity of languages and customs. So entirely did all community of interests fragments of -^rest-lndu disappear, that presently to be a stranger was to be an enemij, inhabitants of th and the fact that a given portion of the earth was esteemed the property of others was itself almost argument enough for unkuo^^^.*-® a.e ^pi-nMexico,comn-y the attempt to dispossess ihem of it. In a large proportion of Ihe Abong-nes .t^hUloric' instances the only bond of union thatremained at all entitled ,ve kucw "P"" fresl to be called LivU or political was the necessity of combination slvcnglliened y for self-deience, and for the successful gratification of the growing spirit of hostility lo the rest of the human race on is Ibe. elder wovW-• the partof each particular people which made selfdefence necessary. And if there be one feature in which tlie succes agani, i* certaii^l: sive great governments of the world, as the Assyrian and in then-tarn ha^ e Persian, agree, it is in the assumption of their riglU to uni political "afev povti versal empire, and the unscnipulousness with which they Pessatlan.edbj o^ p^^, carried that assumption into effect. Indeed one main cause itself, we of the I of the decay of those large emjiires was almost invariably the marked uionu. smothered hostility of some component kingdom or province, which had been annexed against its will, and had never forgotten its hereditary grudge. Ihe history, then, of the post-diluvians tallies with that of the elder world in this respect, that in both cases the 133

3ood at once selfishness of sia presenlly ensued in a general suspension of ated empire, political progress, and, indeed, in the extinction of all ideas •rian Pou'er, •ed ready to of universal benevolence, or of any common point of interest 'je Assj-rian towards which all men might co operate. In both cases " violence*' may be truly said to have " filled the earth," the riaii empire degree of men's estrangement from one another co-inciding Srst periods exactly with the degree of their estrangement from God, and traditions so it seems Tice versa. But while the histories of the two worlds corres pond so far, they differ in the important pariicular adverted to t soQie one above, namely, that whereas the ante-diluvian world was suf* was the ^od sau- fit, fered to become one fused mass of absolutely lawless wicked ness, the post-diluvians were hindered, at an early stage of spirit of their declension, from ever relapsicg into this condition by the passed to ed for it, punishment of the dispersion. For in this way the human lamily became broken up into separate masses, which, at lirst jhienmonl he world, severed from one another by difi'erence of tongue, and then of custom, became in time still more divided bj mutual ignorance ^ ^•egions ue to the and distrust, and conlrariety of immediate interests; so "der t/io that, on the one hand, each several portion found a com parative bond of union in ils perpetual expectation of "oiefrom violence at the hands of some other portion; and, on the ranges of other hand, any re-uuion of the whole mass vpon theprinciples •sented a of wizhcdne^s became thenceforth impossible. And thus, ^"guages although those portions of the human race which happened interests to be driven farthest towards the outskirts of the various n enemy^ fragments of the original family, as, for instance, the aboriginal steeined inhabitants of the West-Indian Islands, of South Alrica, and 'ugli for the Islands of the Pacific, degenerated at a rate quite i tion of unknonn to the parent communities, such as the Chinese or entitJed the Aborigines of Mexico, yet regarding mankind as a whole, inalion we know upon sure historical grounds, which are daily being of the strengthened by each fresh historical discovery, that the •ace on post-diluvian world has never so lost the original idea of lefence »'-i: Law, whether human or divine, or so thrown ofi' legal ucces. restraints, as the elder world appears to ha> e done. Although, n and again, if we look to the history of the great Empires, vt'hich 0 uni- in their turn have certainly illustrated the moral strength of • they political union in a degree compared with which the compact cause ness attained by other portions of the human race was weakuess '>• llie itself, we see at once that they are in one sense only the more ince, marked monuments of the disuuiting influence of sin. For after •ever successively reaching a height and consolidation of power which must ever constitute the chief marvel of ancient history, that s the and after successively contributing to the commonwealth of mankind elenii nls of political prosperity and private happiness 134 for which even Christians must be grateful * they broke up bearaio break the repo. and disappeared like so many flakes of sno\r under the noon of the vUUger, day sun, and not even the resurrection of a dead man could or care—are leiriples for be a greater miracle than would havebeen the re-construction Church springing up, out of Its old pieces of one ofthose vast empires after it had 7.tum of each weeUy once begun to decompose. And of the general truth of this Tieutions contamed m remark the Jewish Polity is an instance only the more marked, positions, the Book o as all rnust feel who consider what a perfectly unique monu Observe the beautiful • ment of living death the dispersed condition of that people of these newly elected pi^entSj in proportion as their responsibilities were greater. ofall purposes—the This slight sketch of the history of the human race, framed in the most superficial as il is, is complete enough to remind us of the Ze^y sovneaung imp relation m which civil society stands to the moral recovery Church, of mankind. We reserve for a following number the more fall softly, NVilh a dm complete consideration ofthis part ofthe subject, as prelimi- worshippers nary to a correct apprehension of the connection between thev arc met together civilization and religion. jf. „s!vuments,theorgais it to hear tbe (To beeond/rucd ) .hesotlsadmustcof of triuinp^ rolling A CHAPTER ON CHURCHES. God, and fieetning Notwithstanding the frequent assertions that the influence scendant l.armony of the Church in England is declining, I firmly believe that pardoned, I trust, on the contrary she is daily gaining ground, and becoming life of that swe emphatically more and more "the poorman's Church."—One Felicia llen:»ans. proof of this, and one of the most gratifying circumstances sanctuary posses connected with the English Church, is the vast number of truth and beauty tl new sanctuaries which within the last few years have been will, 1 think, vejo erected in our native land. Over the length and breadth of P.nd those to whoi that favoured country,—anjid the crowded thoroughfares of te pleased at ha her cities, as well as in the numerous quiet spots far removed them. II IS as fo from the noise and bustle of towns, where all speaks of holi 1. The tnenUon c ness and peace, as if such places, where source a sound is toiVDubhn-tberemembrance e:o * The character and quality of ihe coiilributitjn

iMi Ye build up The evic •steep the,en.., in Ce!eXeJ- 2.„ ''' '"• Ye tread on < were of life and li^ht hm-«tr m^hen, that it did in the gazed at FUpon Mincer afterwards I the sacred pile was bXd in afiooTofTL^r''''^'' it. setting, and the descendintr luminarv T. of I'oly edifice to^ve^Tai^ve .^e ^nhon"' ' ^r SIR TH< little town, surrounded by a beiuiifuliv ivn H Bic placid river in the fore^ronn nil ^ ( delight,uell calculatedto be ableto makelo sav-fM«the Se.r\nf / '^^i^^Englishman thrill with In the moml as ir ndwelierluthewilderneLofSnuth^n/4r"*'^^ i enduring effects resul thesetwo beautiful structurpc ;« • ii '•^'"'^'I'brance of inadequate. We mi Filled with these dominions of Nature the feelino' that tvlmn i^ -n ' ^ imbued strongly with predominant law of building should be erectS'^ror L a noble and expressive langu the worship of the Lord of lords rail^ij^th" purpose as anintermittant and et and inelegant edifice, I penned 'the Jjowin" Hnls' and separately inapp stupendous as unexp Chnsi^ng. a lemple do ye seek (o rear ° course of the visible Atw'fHouse of Prayer let it jo all appear.King of kings; working silently ; be^ As bfauiifui as Hope's misginiofs. real; but so buried : Alofiy spire raise grHcefully on liigh, things, thai their ver foimwz unceHsinoly lo^ards the sky through the labyrin From whence beIN ?ilver.iongiie(i may call analysis. Through Wlh soothing sound. God's worsMpper. Lprnf momentarily the hi< On each returning sacred Subbaih day but unseen, and so weicome holy fejti>al. animated by forces it necessitated by the * Life of Mrs. riemans by her Sialer. passive, and we reco defy our closest scvul 18

*% I 137 th its goft, (li'eatn^ I's wio^ ihe utter Ye build up for yourselves luxurious halls, the hnlT-whispered The evidence of wcjIUi is seen around ; of spirits, almost Ye iread on carpets where the footstep falls en outbreak, as it So lightas scarce (o cause a single sound : k1 announcement, The farthest distant places of the earth Sendeach their rarities of greatest worth en the old sombre_ To deck your gorgeous palaces; triumph, bearing Around, the fairest flowers of other lands and 8th verees."* Arise,a bright-hued hostat yourcommands, he feelings which And scent deliciously the breeze. oived precincts of Say, is it meet thatye should thus adorn t vvell remember Your dwellings with such proud magnificence, 0 of these sacred And let the House of God be laughed to scorn 'y before leaving- For its mean structure and our negligence. • ill Junp, that I Go, pour your offerings freely forth, and raise pr'<, not a sound A fitting sanctuary in which to praise the day to have The mighty Lord of earth and heaven! By whom v?haie'er of lofty rank,—of wealth— • towers showed Of worldly power—of happiness or health • nnacle was seen You have,—was bountifully given. n tliis venerable E. W. :r Monday sun, but Natal, March 1, 1852. that it did in the ^ys aftenvarda I 1itssetting, and the rich rays of siy picture, the SIR THOMAS FOWELL BUXTON. js of the quiet BiOG RAPHICAL NoTICE. untry, with the (ContinuedJrom page 113.) form a scene man thrill with In the moral as in the physical world tlie mightiest and most ''eu now while enduring effects result the most frequently from causes apparently Jinembrance of inadequate. We might almost say that throughout both these n my memory, doraiaions of Nature, the spiritual no less than the material, the strongly with predominant law of action is (to use the mathematician's terse islied, a noble and expressive language) thesuperposition of small motions, an p ft purpose as unintermittant and eternal applicatiou ofsmall forces individually neaply erected and separately inappreciable, yet cumulatively aggregating results stupendous as unexpected. "What we term catastrophes in the course of the visible world, are but the effects of causes long working silently ; because obscure and impalpable not the less real; but so buried as it were beneath the outward surface of things, that their very existence is oftentimes appreciable only through the labyrinthic windings of a minute and laborious analysis. Through each fibre of her vast frame is pulsating momentarily the hidden intangible fire of Nature s laboratory, but unseen, and so for the most part disbelieved i each atom is animated by forces incessantly impelling it onward to the end necessitated by the design of its existence, butit is seemingly passive, and we recognise it notasthe centre of activities which defy our closest scrutiny, until assimilating and combining they 18 18S frame-work of "orld more subtleyet far more i foroi lui nggregale of force, whose final operation may be a world TnTunseen? Why maw wide wonder; and then at length, reflected from the visible fact we see plain and unmistakeable the distorted image of our previoiJS Bays to the seed thou shalt conceptions, while reason despises her slowness to anticipate bear fruit and die, instil " resnits that now appear as necessary as their causes are evident. growth and fruit shall be This law of the natural M'orld is clearly traceable throushout the Ind whose death, if it cs moral; the same ^reat principle there works with uniform and production and re-producl to the same enlarged pur); consistent action. The ruin of an earthquake or a lava-flood, In whatever degree th. the devastation of a hurricane or a pestilence, the most fean"' influenced by exoteric cai and abiding impress stamped from time to time upon the vi9i)e embraced a divine purpo face of tilings and beings, is not more or less subject to this many into whose frames 1 principle tl.an are those moral convulsions, destructive or con thus, by sweeping aside servative which involve the downfall or prosperity of empires, darkness, to encomp^s lbs de&tiiiy of InrgG of muukind, the 6venlUvil doom the benign glories of re- perchance in remote time of all that earth calls animate. of life has long since se Sucli reflections force themselves upon the altemion of one of its departing beams ; who will consider historically any great alteration in the reciprocal passage ofbis effulgent ' relations of different racpsor classes of mankind : the final e ec , tbe depths involving perhaps the fate of millions, seeming often altogether there be light, m thes disproportionate to the primary cause. A casual conversation, dark mists of ignorance brief momentous; a solitary thought, seemingly visionary as clouds depart and the s- impracticable in execution; bears its consequences in importance herald and harbinger inestimable, in result irreirievable, and in duration limued only Christian Day. by the world's history. What, for instance, if Bnxtons firs The mind of Buxton thought, generated by a conversation in childhood's freshest days, of small forces-an^d u of the inhuman, defiant injustice of slavery, should in the coming nary year in which th ages dyvelope itself fully in the regeneration ofthis vast continent I maturely weighed, to Tlie present result may seem indeed to promise little such a lent hand found an in. glorious consummation, but agreat principle is ever slow-vvoiking, of his tenantry, and the stiirn iron image set up by the tyrannical toil of centuries, is thought still rested up not readily or suddenly to be moulded into a human form ; time under the deep shadow is yet wanting ere the nations shall have banished the demoniac resurrection his m}ss,u spirit whispering that man may justifiably degrade his fellow man the numerous subjects below the lowest level of the brutes that perish. But, thougii from the public sta;,^e, lone ensnared bv the power of evil, man yet bears the ii^resa it would seem he h of Divinity: and though long in evincing her full power, Irut^li foreign to our purpoi shnll doubtless in the fullness of time tread into dust Ihe with any further o dominion of evil: and the tyranny of that dominion among tendency of his mm men has never perhaps in the world's history wrought with directed. destructive power than in the recognition and perpetuation ofthe «. MaiiUind in genera principle ofslavery, pregnant as it is not merely with the fetteied .. diflerence between tl.o at'oniea of the bod'v, but alas with t!iemore hopeless and enduring •«Vi£our, energy, re. bondage of the soul! Against this inhuman spirit the soul of "The most imporiar Buxton rose up in arms, devoting every energy to tlie exterrainn- «« yourselves. lion of so foul a blot from the fair face of God's bright univei-se. From such cursi His high resolve seems at first sight the result or trivial golden value wbicb ai-cidental causes; but who will venture confitlently to afnrm such perhaps they this? Wherefore siiould theomniscient and all-ruling Providence energise ao vi^ibly, yet by invisible means, upon the material^ 189

1 may be a world- frame-work of the world, while denyinif His influence to the the visible fact we more subtle yet far more important world which is immaterial 5 of our previous and unseen ? Why in a word should not the same Power which less to anticipate aays to the seed thou sbalt germinate, and grow and bloom, and auses are evident. bear fruit and die, instil into the spirit of man a thought whose >le throughout the growth and fruit shall be the immeasurable benefit of his kind, with uniform and and whose death, if it can ever perish, shall but issue in the 3 or a lava^flood, production and re-production of other thoughts tending ever sUll the most fearful to the same enlarged purpose ofbeneficence? upon the visible In whatever degree the subject of our memoir may have been 5s subject to this Influenced by exoteric causes, one thing is certain, that his object estructive or con- embraced a divine purpose, viz., to raise in the scale of Crealioti 2rity of empires, many into whose frames had been inspired the breath oflite; and 5 eventual doom thus, by sweeping aside the shadows of a worse than agyptian inimate. darkness, to encompass many benighted races of the world with altenlion of one the benign glories of revelation and Christianity. Buxton s sun Iin the reciprocal of life has long since set in the grave, butthe burning radiance J the final effect, of its departing beams yet lingers above the earth, to mark the often altogether passage of bis effulgent spirit. The Creative voice which pieicing aal convei-sation, the depths of primcevui darkness pronounced tlie mandate "let igly visionary as there be light," in thesp latter days we trust hath said, let the es in importance dark mists ofignorance and barbarism melt away, letthe morning ion limited only clouds depart and the soft-coloured dawn ofhumanity open forth, f Biixton's first herald and harbinger of the long lingering yet approaching i's freshest days. Christian Day. , , ^ • a . Id in the coming' The mind of Buxton was sensitively alive to the final intiuence 5 vast continent I of small forces—and in this faith he retired, during the probatio se little such a nary year in which the great cause he had espoused should be Jfslow-working; maturely weighed, to Cromer Hall inNorfolk, where his benevo of centuries, is lent hand found an instant object for exertion in the improvement Tian form ; time of his tenantry, and other projects of good, while his anxious I the demoniac thought still rested upon those lost myriads in distant lands lying e his fellow man under the deep shadow of the spiritof darkness, and to whose moral • But, though resurrection his mission with prophetic finger pointed. Among irs the impress the numerous subjects occupying his thoughts in his retirement power. Truth from the public stage, was the education of the young, on which into dust ihe it would seem he had designed to write a treatise: it would be •minion among foreign to our purpose to dwell upon his reflections on this point ght with more with any further object, than as exemplifying the practicid Jetuation of the tendency of his mind inevery thing to which his attention was ith the fettsred directed. !g aud enduring "Mankind in general mistake difficulties for impossibilhies; liu.t is tlie •it the soul of " diflerence belween tliose wlio effect, and those who do not. " Vigour^ energy, resolution, firrnness ofpurpose, these carry the day- the extermina- "The most important part of your education is that which )0U now give I'ight universe, " yourselves." of trivial and ntly to affirna From such cursory memoranda as these still shines out the ng Providence golden value which he ever assigned to vi^or ofcharacter, and as I the material such perhaps they are worth notice as showing how stea'dily trie 140 „ ^0 p«(orn. a voy«8. tide o( on u chaiacler couttt^uailj set towRrUa one bourne, the .. i, dreadfiiH possible esceni above ihe fug?ed region of difficulties. ' This record of revol mgat The pious intelligence wbicb he would inculcate in the study ample as unimpeachable, am of Holy Scripture again is developed in such remarks M tn« ?\Te miserable experiences of following— today to be seen crawling "An astronomer looks at the face of the heavens, through a telescope, attest no less unimpeacha '•spangled with stars aud planets, and sees an harmony, an order, a profuse "display of power and wisdom. An ordinary man surveys the same sky " with the naked eye and observes nothing of all this, he has not the inslr*!- with Buxton s almost fatal i " menl, he wants the telescope which would reveal the wonders of the lalion on this important bir " heavens to him. And so it is in reading the Bible; if a man looks at il year 1829, when at length e "with naked unassisted reason, he sees litile and learns nolhmg; he too tion upon the crimes of Ma " wanls the instrument, the holy Spirit, to guide his enquiries, to enlighten Pending the decision oi^ "his understanding, to touch bis head. another, relative to the exti " Butif some read it and learn nothing, others read it and learn butliUle. Hone. Viewed in then rel "Tiiev beo-in wiihout prayer and ihey end without meditation. Ihey read, of Buxton convey to us a "but they do not inwardly digest; while others embrace ils truths, sieze and tbev do a tangled skein "secure iis treasures, and, to use the figure of Scripture, receive the Xntion was more immi " engrafted word which is able lo save their souls. publication of The year of probationary consideration on the AbolilionQuestion, Ld the return of its autb however it may have been employed by government, had not at claims of the J, least been thrown away by the philanthropic party: the interim This is no propei theati of parliamentary proceedings necessitated by the vacillatory adjuncts of this questioi decision ofthe government leader ofthe time, bad been employed fetter the hands ot legi^la by the Spartan band opposed to the inundation of slavery in that successful preparations. Facts were silently throwing into deeper Dr. Philip,—nowe shade the gloomy colours of the picture to be displayed m the points of detail, ' ensuing session. Evidence was slowly accumulating, while hissiderationorthecaseofrepresentations to th the gaze of the first and most humane of nations concentrated sUll more and more upon the beacon light which was soon to efforts issued mthe defi sbed a flood of radiance across the darkness of a world. And the mountains and vales further, although the year of trial interposed by legislative ings80 vastandachangedissatisfactiormthe caution had suspended for a brief space the active progress oi the grand crusade, a kindred question at once engaged the attention impugn the determma of ila promoters; this was the Mauritius Slave Trade, and a few civUization who then st touches from Buxton'a powerful hand reveal at once the more knell oFaprinciple repc salient features, though not the full extent of its enormities. defyingsocL progressionthe authorityunv• After portraying the system ofcapture, he adds— "Tlie fourth step is the voyage, the horrors of wbicli are beyond descrip- of man, as it is ' "tion For example the mode of packing. The hold of a slave-vessel is desi^m of his creation. " from two to four feel high. It is filled with ns many human beings as it «« will coniain. They are made to sitdown with their heads between their social state of one bal " knees: first, a line is placed close lo the side of the vessel; then another without transition, an " line, and then ihe packer, armed with aa heavy club, strikes |he feel of of Time. Does noy^ "this last line, in order to make them press asclosely as possible against must not the " those behind. And so the packing goes on, until, to use tlie expression of ** an eye witness, *they arewedged toaether in one mass cf living corruption. "Then the stench is so dreadful i^al I a.n ensured byan cffictr, that holding •♦hia head fr-r a fev? minuiei ovev tliC air-liola was almost fatal to his life. "Thus, i? i& tiiat suiTocu'iiug foe woul of air—stinging for wont of k "psrchsid v:i\U Ihir?! for of wnl?T - the.'P ficr crft-Jl-.nes are con->pe"«'d 141 »one bourne, tha iltics. " lo perform a voyage of fuurieeti hundred miles. No wonder the mortuhty ite in the study •• it dreadful 1" remarks na ths This record of revolting atrocity was attested by evidence aa ample as unimpeachable, and that it is not overcharged with horror hrough a telescope, the miserable experiences of more than one crippled form even to an order, a profuse this day to be seen crawling about our streets, might doubtless "jeys ihesame sky attest no less unimpeachably. A dissolution of parliament has not the instru- involving a stormy contest on bis return for Weymouth, together |e wonders of tlie with Buxton's almost fatal illness ensuing, protracted final legis ifa man looks at it lation on this important branch of the main question until the s nothing; be too year 1829, when at length emancipation set the seal of condemna "i"es, lo enlighten tion upon the crimes of Mauritian Slavery. Pending the decision on this question, had arisen collaterally leani but liitle. lion. They read, another, relative to the extinction of slavery at the Cape of Good I ""uihs, sieze and Hope. Viewed in their relation to this point, the life and labours ture, receive the of Buxton convey to us a momentous significance, involving as they do a tangled skein of difficulty as yet unravelled. His attention was more immediately forced on this subject by the ition Question, It, had not at publication of Dr.Philip's well known Researches in South Africa, and the return of its author to England to advocate in pereon the y • the interim he vacilJatory claims of tlie coloured classes in this portion of our Continent. >een employed This is no proper theatre for discussing any of those political adjuncts of this question which complicate the difficulties and of slavery in fetter the hands of legislation, ll is enough for our porposeto say ^g" into deeper that ihe curse of slavery then overshadowed this fair land, and that clayed in tlie Dr. Philip,—who, however much we differ from him on some (ating-, while points of detail, had undeniably in view a beneficent purpose—by concentrated his representations to the Anti-slavery leaders secured a fair con " as soon to sideration of the case of his clients, while the final result of such world. And efforts issued in the definiteextermination of this plaguespot from 7 legislative the mountains and vales of South Africa. Whatever heart-burn ogress of the ings and dissatisfactions may have in certain extent followed tlie attention so vast a change in the interrelations of classes do not seem to • e, and a few impugn the determination of those regenerators of the world's the more civilization who then struck in this, as in other lands, the death • enormities. knell ofa principle repugnant to the best sympathies of humanity, defying the authority of an enlightened Religion, destructive of ?yond descrip- social progression, unwise and unsuited to the temporal interest slave-vessel is of man, as it is irreconcilable with any Christian view of the in beings as it design of his creation. If we discern not now the full benefit, between their then another let us wait; the end of movements impressed upon the moral and at iiie feet of social state of one half the globe, is not yet—change cannot be sible agaipst without transition, and transition involves essentially the element expression of of Time. Does not the rain-drop generate the water-flood? and JCurruption-' must not the great deluge of humanization which " as the waters lhat holding cover the sea " shall one day pervade the earth, be ministered to lo Ilis lifg, by the scarce visible streams of long thought, of painful and It of focd— wearisome exertion, and energies expended oftentimes in vain, e cr.n»renp

— the the end did, an ECCLESIASTICAL COUNCILS. Burtg A'B intevv^lTimoth, Council of Constantinople, A.D. 381. °:TouncU; but Nemnus The second (Ecumenical council was held at Constantinople, A. D. 381, convoked by order of the emperor Theodosius.* The principle objects for which this council was convoked were the following: b, pc,porir.g to ihem to ; To confirm the faith as delivered at Nicea. To appoint a bishop to the Church of Constantinople. To take measures for the union of the Church. To make regulations for the good of the Church. Bishops attended from all parts of the East except Egypt. The number of those present, as commonly received, was one hundred the Macedonians, and fifty, but the signatures amount to one hundred and forty-two ^pll; and the ApoU, only. Amongst the more celebrated of the bishops were Meletius of Antioch, S. Gregory of Nyssa, Peter of Sebaste, Amphilochius oflconium, Pelngius of Laodicea, Eulogius of Edessa, S.Cyril 'SHi'SS of Jerusalem, Helladius of Cesarea in Cappatlocia, Diodorus of re'toe-^'fAeChurd Thrace, and Acacius of Berea. " Never were there," says the heresies ol tu Tillemont, "in any council of the Church, so large a number of Tv tbr'ords •• He ». saints and confcssora." It does not appear that any letter or Iveed, ««e But.t-lule deputies were sent on the part of Damasus, the pope, or of any f the Virgin Mary* other bishop in the West. Theodosius assembled this council ?. He from the Eastern Church only, because the error which they were he-wen, and shall cotr to consider had only affected the Eastern branch, S. Meletius Const^nunopo at first presided, although his ill health obliged him frequently to absent himself. "rddavHe'sea;; The first questionconsidered was that relating to the Church of Constantinople, and it was declared that Maximus, called the Cynic, had not been lawfully made bishop; that his oidiiiation, and all that he had since done in his pretended character of bishop, ''^TheNiceneCreec was null and void, and that in fine he was a usurper of the see of the Churc) Constantinople. Then they proceeded to elect to the see S. Gregory ^v'the samewi Nazianzen, and eventually, notwithstanding his entreaties and Catholic Chu iothe ..-0 . incouncthe j • The accouni of ihis Couocil is extracted and abridged from " Louoon's Spmt, Manual of Councih." <1

5m the gem ^ , 143 "^taDtial iDd«truc«.' tears, obliged him to accept the office. During these proceedings it pleased God to lake away S. Meletius unto Himself, and S. Gregory of Nazianzen succeeded him as president of the council. i He- endeavoured with all his powers to induce them to leave Paulinus in the see of Antioch, with the view of appeasing the divisions of that Church; but his efforts were ineffectual. The Taaxi. lishop of Macedonia and of Egypt (who had now arrived) vrhemenlly opposed his designs, objecting also to bis election, uj'on the ground that, being already bishop of another see, he ou;;ht not to have been translated to that of Constantinople. In consequence of this, S. Gregory formed the resolution to entreat 'It-S. the fathers to permit him to resign the see of Constantinople, '^•D. 3SJ which he in the end did, and Nectariua was elected in his room. During this interval Timothy, bishop of Alexandria, presided over the council;- but Nectarius, immediately after his election, took 'as convoked were that office upon himself. Now Nectarius had been a priest in the latter city, but so far from having passed through the inferior degrees, as the canons direct, he had not been even baptized. Alter labouring in vain to unite the Macedonians to the Church, t'nople. by proposing to them to receive the faith as settled by the council of Nicea, the council pronounced them to be heretics, and after :b. wards proceeded to publish seven canons. •eptEg-vpt. The As to the faith, the council condemned the Arians, semi-Arians, hundred and Eunoniians, who denied the proper Divinity of the Word; f and forty.tvvo the Macedonians, who refused to recognize that of the Holy fcjpirit; and the Apollinarians, who denied the truth of the f AmphiJochfos lucarnation. I he consubstantiality of the Holy Spirit with tlie Father and / Diodorus of the Son was set forth, the acts of the council of Nicea were . tf^ere," confirmed, and all the recent heresies anathematized; further, ®a Dumberof the Creed of the Church, as laid down at Nicea, was extended to ^"y better or meet the heresies of the Apollinarians and Macedonians. Thus or of any for the words " He was incarnate," as contained in the Nicene , '^is councii creed, were substituted "He was incarnate by the Holy Ghost 'ch they »vere ofthe Virgin Mary." The original creed of Nicea said simply, S. Meletius " He suflered, and the third day He rose again, ascended into ° "'equently heaven, and shall come again to judge ihe quick and the dead." The Constantinopolitan creed says, " He was crucified also for '® Chijich of us under PoutiusPilule, He suffered, and was buried; and the tl,e third day He rose again,according totheScriptures, and ascended ' °''''')ation into heaven, and sitteth on the right hand of the Father; and He if of bishop.' shall come again with glory to judge both the quick and the Mbesee of dead; whose kingdom shall have no end." ^iegory The Nicene Creed also maizes mention onlvofthe Holy Spirit, •ealies and omitting the Church. The Creed, assettled at Constantinople, is exactly the same with thatwhicli is said at thisday at communion "tounoN's in all Catholic Churches, with the exception of the words, "and the Son," in the article concerning the procession of the Holy Spiritj the council said only that the Spirit proceeds from the

1 .a 144 f ttiher, the words, " and the son," (filioque) were subsequently arrancements for his living w added by theWesternCburcli,first in Spain in 589. SeeC.ToLBoo. study there, with the design o A.D. 589, and Hammond's Canons of the Church, Const. 381. Fora few months after his an Theacts of thiscouncil remaining to us are the Creed, the seven respondencewith hisnowtota canons, and the letter addressed to the emperor Theodosius, between his letters wcve protr: requestinghim to confirm the actsof the council—" We, therefore, month, iind she had lieard no entreat your clemency . . . . as by your letter convoking hope and tie in tins world, li the council, you have honoured the Church, so now you would, (notwithstanding she repeate by your sentence and seal, confirm the summary of its acts, and he would send her but a line bered her,) the news of her tbe conclusion arrived at.'"—Tom. ii. Cone, p 911. cutnstances only calculated t "g ® &»• measure of her sufferings. On the most earnest inti NOTES FROM A CLERGYMAN'S PAROCHIAL resided with them for a few i VISITING BOOK. was made for her son, but wi liis aunt had ceased to lake f Chapter xxvi. impossible to ascertain wlietl alive or dead. " This 7}iy son uas dead and is alive again; he toat losl and is Jbund." The poor mother's love Luke XV. 24. uncerlainty of what had ^ "Be sure you trace out poor Mrs. Hammond, and induce her, remained in a slate of vac if possible, to leave searching for her son, and to return to her whole days with her hands • friends!" Such was the last and oft-repeated charge which my tinually open on her table friend Capt. W. gave roe, as I stepped into the Liverpool train, in silent, uncomplaining son the autumn of 1838, with the intent of a few weeks ramble to coniibrte l " Glendalough arid the scene of the Seven Churches, in the County Shortly afterthis sht exp of Wicklow. Dublin. She had resolvec Over the recent history of this Mi-s. Hammond tbere hung some should she be unsuccesslul, mysterious secret. She was the widow of an Officer and had one and spots which sh« kne\ surviving son. Her life was one of trial and suffering; her absent about five years, anc marriage had been brought about by family intrigue, and she lost son had reached lier re soon found that her happiness had been sacrificed to the selfish Capt. W. the cliarge which interest of others. Between her husband and herself there was On my arrival in Dobli not ihe slightest similarity of taste or pursuit; and, though of a the abiding-place of Mrs. warm,loving, confiding nature herself, she met from him nothing enquiries that I got a clue but coldness, repulse, and neglect. She was left, for weeks and no one in her neigiibourho. months together, in a secluded spot in Wales, quite unconscious learned the quarter in whu of her husband's whereabout, and full of no unfounded misgivings iny enquiries, for on my d that his career was one calculated to bring disgrace on his own the most loquacious of agi name and ruin on herself and her only child. me, exclaimed "Sui^ e" Left most of her lime with this son, she learned to cling to him the black gownd that the j as her only tie in life. To instruct him,—to mould him so far to I was led through the di her own tastes and sentiments, that he might supply the place of narrow streets which surr- her long absent husband, and be a companion to her s.iddened they with squalid children years, liecame the only object for which she lived. Years passed forahuman warren—or n on,—years of sadness, of suspicion and loneliness,—Edward rather than the heart of a Hammond had reached the age of 15 years, when his father, as if a wretched dwelling, on ' by a kind of cruel, heartless jealousy withdrew him from his for many a day, and the mother; kept him for some months with himself in the most entrance sent a shudder a dangerous society of gamblers and blacklegs, and then made 19 M5 arrnnffcments for his living: willi an fiunt in Dublin, thathe miglit study tbere, with the design of becoming an Army Surgeon. a'-e iheCreed '• Fora few months afLer his arrival inDublin, Edward kept upacor- e emperor Thi w®®''®" respondence with bis now totally deserted mother, but the intervals »uncij_.. wifl between his letters were protracted, and at length month followed ^ yoorhttJ' month,and she had heard no tidings of the son who was her only '•cb, so ni bope and tie in this world. In her sadness at his continued silence, mmary ofTtR (notwithstanding she repeatedly wrote to him intreating him that p 9j^ and he would send her but a line to say he was alive and still remem bered her,) the news of her husband's death, and that under cir cumstances only calculated to add to her bitterness, filled up the measure of her sufferings. ®P^ROCHML On the most earnest intreaties of some of her relations, she resided with them for a few months, during which every enquiry was made for her son, but without success. On his father's death, his aunt had ceased to take further charge of him, and it became impossible to ascertain whether he was in Dublin or not, whether alive or dead. The poor mother's love for him seemed to increase with her ;J «dace her uncerlainty of what had beTallen him; for some weeks she d '® "*•" to her remained in a slate of vacant stupor: she seldom spoke; sal which my whole days with her hands clasped over her Bible which Wiis con ^i^^verpol tram.7, tinually open on her table; and perfectly abandoned herself to the County silent, uncomplaining sorrow un laid :n emharfo on the pension before it reached iis owner, " • K..r Her room I ascended stair after creaking stair; It was not yet evening in the w^irld bey.ind, nevertheless it was ph-omy nig-ht in that abode ?h\t i. herresigna»o„' of (Jai knes^i;—no r=iy was caKt onany ofthe many landing-places, : lod'inK, though acl,ea an I halted, wondering when I should reach the last, unless it iiseU upow were now and ihen, when a shattered door stood partly open and awelUn^. that both disclosed a hudtiled group of women and children round a sickly she could be lo. fro candle which just served to make "darkness visible.'" .At length, anna!.! pension. after every stair and landing had uttered its groan as if it would As oppoMn.ly offe not endure another footstep, hut tumble through as its fellows bad done, 1was safely landed at the topmost balustrade: ray half- uhi>!lling, half-puniing guide now knocked at what I could not discern to be h door, and in a few minutes the figure of a woman '"'VT, "huh stood before ms. H;i3liiy dismissing my guide, I asked, Thelieve with a degree ?^ndwhen 1f' of feeling and interest, and yet of pain and surprize,—"do 1 see Mrn. Hammond V " I," said the figure, "am the wretched being: called by that name." "I come as a friend;'' I rejoined "may I have a few minutes' conversation with you?" "A friend," she said with embarrassment, I have no remembrance of any one of your de-:cription." " But you have a remembrance of Capt, W," I rt*plied. Turniiig aside frojn me, as if she were wiping away revolting ^ Sac:"piac . tears she wished not to be seen, she an.swered with a faltering but l.ivle consoUt voice, "I have." Nofn The evening was chilly, and she had been sitting at a round boy deal table near a turf fire, which had nearly smouldered away. A neat cabin-lnmp, a reminiscence of other times and scenes, was on the table; and near it. my eye caught a well-used, open Bible. da>. to This Was itself an introduction to communion. "My friend," X said, "when I entered you told me you were the wreiciied being her wovds i ^ called by such a name; but you cannot be wretched " I added, " with that treasure of cons'tlalions opened before you ?" *' No, trenlUst manner no, thank my God," she earnestly uttered, " not wretched in heart and 8011I, but in th« world's sight and in the trying visitation the dead o which my God has laid upon me, most wretched, most deserving coidd never b yonr sympathy ! You are a Clergyman ?" she said, eagerlv. " I btPRS vvvetd am," was my nnswer: **Then I know I shall have your pity.'' enoogb t As she moved silently through the room preparing a seat that I might converse with her, I had opportunity to observe her own cooW leel o appearance and that of her lonely abode, for such it was notwith no »nove. standing the i!imat«8 who swftrmed below. She was pale and 147 'y. of about twelve erief-worn, th jugh there were the ruins ofa former beauty still on atlOD OD]y did 6he herfaded features; her hair, prematurely white, was gathered under a widow's tap; her eyes were somewhat sunken as with long sad- committed to my nesa. yet there was a sofiness there.—a subdued chastening by 3". and tbouffh the Buffering,—which bespoke your sympathy : Her spare figure \\as ^•whed acroas my thinly but neatly clad in deep mourning; and though on my w/,0 cronded entrance there was a flurried timiJiiy yet she possessed an ease J Y ^ouJd have and gentleness of carriage wliich told you ai once lhat she had ^'-iched i,s owner. been accustomed to very dltferent scenes and neighbours to those J'et evenirjff in about her, Her room was scuntiiy furnished, bul it was clean, '?ht,n that abode and even in its simple arrangement indicated taste; it struck me andino-.pjaces lhat in her resignation she had made it her home rather than her ® ,,nIesB it partly open and lodging, though a dreary home it was. One thing alone forced itself upon me wiih regard to her own appearance and lhat of her " round a sickly dwelling, that both indicated far greater poverty than I supposed she could be in, from what 1 knew to be tlie amount of her ^ as if jt would annual pension. .e/i as its fdlows As opportunity offered in our convereation, I urged on her my friend's request that she should return: at least that she would ^hat I could not acquaint him with some satisfactory account of herself, and some "•"6 of a ivoman insight into the society with which she mingled, and the proba bilities of her revisiting her own country. At the mention of the f »''th a degree society with which she was connected, she burst into a flood ot 'ze.—"do I see tears; and when 1 further asked if she liad been able to trace i-ut "''.-etched beinir her son? if she had ascertained if he were alive or dead? she ;ejO'ned appeared in an agony of grief, and starting up tiirew lierself m ^ fijend," she the most beseeching altitude before me, and exclaimed :—*' (> ask one of me no further, spare me, for pity's 8;ike spare roe! I had a son, of Cupt. W/' he is now amongst the dead!" Mistaking her meaning I entreated : ;^'ping- au-ny her,- since this was so, and since her lingering in so strange and >th a faltering- revolting a place, even if she iiad found lier son there, could be but little consolation.—tliat she would return with me and that ot a round my visit would be indeed a happy one if I could restore her lo her red aIVay. friends. " No ! no," she sobbed in bitterness, "you mistake me; tvns my wretched boy is not, as fcir as bare existence goes, dead and in .open Bible the grave; but he is worse than dead. Lost to the world, lo the y f'-iend/' X light of day, to his wretched mother, and his God !" Here, her grief seemed quite inconsolable, and there was a mystery about J I added her words I could not com[)rehend ; and supposing lhat l^er si-n "No, was disgraced and imprisoned (or some crime, I ventured, in the 'ed in heait gentlest manner! could, to a>kthis. Slie satisfied me that It was not ? visitation so; that she sometimes saw him fora few second-^; that it was only t f'eservine at the dead ol' niglit and then at the utmost riafu She hinted ihut ?priv. "I his conrse was onp of desperation ; one on which th« light of day pity.-' could never look ; and that tie was so implicated witli a yang of seat that I reckless wretches, that a mere syllable, a hare hint, would be e her own enough to forfeit his life. Slie urged me, as 1 had pity, as I ^ notuith- could feel for a struggling, broken lieart, lhat I would «f-k paJe and no iiiore, ;ind tli:it 1 would observe secrecy aij tc her place •»! 148 abode, and ilie fearful visilution with which Heuven had stricken entrance of the house "The Lord is mercifu]/' slie added, "I wiJl slill linger here; fear " Before I had tii He may yet hear my prayer: I may yet, before grief has hollowed ducting me, a kind of my grave, save my lost, abandoned son." her knock; she crept in I gathered from her words and hints that her son was concealed minutes I stood by the j somewhere in the neighbourhood : that the inmates of that miser piteous appearance, w{ able dwelling knew not that he ever entered her room : and that On our appioaching she was induced to live there in wretchedness, in darkness, amidst wound was on his foreV the most vile of human beings.—breathing the same filthy pesti the death-like pallor oi lential atmosphere—hearing their horrid obscenities and blasphe broke from him, his ht mies; and this with the distant, and very dim hope that she was breathing with d might yet rescue and save her son. I felt adesire to be safely in the " O pray for him, for r open air again ; I knew not but that my very egress might be hin motherimplored. "P dered; thereforr' giving her my address, and stating that I should pray, Heaven knows be in Dublin for a few days and should again endeavour to see being for the moment her, 1 drew back the bolt of the ricketty door, and lifted theJatch a lime the wounded n to depart; with hushed and cautious step she conducted me bv his clenched hand rel the light ofa small lantern down the groaning stairs: and not till feebler, when the wa the grey towers ofthe old Cathedral of St. Patrick rose tranquilly God, he sleeps !" before me in the still light of an October moon, did I feel that I I had now leisure t could freely and securely breaLlie! As I walked home, filled with under ground den in ' sadness and reflectionj *'0 holy, enduring mother's love" I passed over me; then thought within myself, "what can equalthy generous self-devoting lurking-place could bi sacrifice! the love of youth may be iiDpiissioned,—the love of oue'sblnod with ihe w wife and husband deep and strong,—the devout love of the entered only by a sec pardoned penitent godly and precious in the sight of Heaven,— Two or three old n but motiier's love ! oh ! what will it not suffer? what will it not from the mildewed sacrifice? and that for the most guilty ungrateful cliild !" J place by casting th« confess that with bewildered thoughts I fell asleep tijat night; arches which proppe persuaded iu my own mind lhat this heart-broken widow's son, or four ruffian grouj the son of a mother who bad alienated herself from home and unconscious or at h every comfort, and become an inmate in an abode of sin, was life, for aught they one of a gang of robbers, if not of murderers; and that his grey old man, blear- mother's presence, like that ofsome guardian angel's was hovering person sensible of near him, with mind uncontaminuted, and affection unchilled, porter to this den, £ that she might yet watch her opportunity, and reclaim him to tion the wretched m society and his God. son both for herself The following night I might have been in my bed about two let in as coming t hours, when one ofthe waiters ofthe hotel knocked at my door, groups beneath ea and announced thata person in great trouble wished to speak unearthly beings I with me in the street below, and added that she had given him wild, long and tr. a slip of paper, which he handed to me on my opening the door, Nrtzarites, for no and asking for a light, I read it:—"A wretched mother needs their eyes were fie your aid. E. Hammond." This was enough: J was not many and most uncouth answered that of s !• minutes before I stood with her in Sackville-street, nor did the loud Pnst-Office Clock tell out another quarter, before with conceive. Atone hurried steps we had reached the dark dwelhngnear St. Patrick's, and dirty curds: where I had first seen her. She said to me significantly as we the game, or at e% passed down a dark Hight of deep-worn stone steps, near the laugh, or else in ^aven had stricken 149 " stiJl linger here: fef has hojiotvec] 5on was concealed her knock; she crept in and I i opent-d at ates of that miser- •froom ; and that ^iirhness, amidst fiithy pesti- and blasphe- hope that she o be safely in the '•"ght be hin.. "g that J should •"aeavour to see ' J'^ted theJatch •"''"cted me by rs: and ^ot rii] I'ose tranquilly i feel that I G^d h. sleeps. "> •»e:-"Tl.a..k filled Mith i^er.s love" J sseJf-de7otin^ —•the Jove of of the ouesbloodcue's with the worst fears.^"sp^'^'oas,It was aorlongnarrowmorecalculateddark cellar—to fretze 3' Heaven, 'at vviJJ it il child;" ] f'jat night; widow's son, r home and or four rnffi^ u"® Subterranean vault. There were three S'D, Was nd that his 'as hovering' unchilled, him to s^siiPl about two V door, .to speaJc -:SeSssMiigroups beneath each lante™ were composed of the Ijt Sd ?i*en him unearthly he.np I had ever seen met tSgetl.er The "hal „'s the door, ''er needs N;,2arite"° for no'r'a'r ' h"d' 5ot many then eyes were ^fieryrazorand ferocious; had for yearstheirapproachedcJoLhine- nf theirn f-irps I• ' flid the ore with P'-itricks, J' as we itur the 1

150 luntern a purty apparently on watch, and ready to go out on forniJ^ny some expedition, were smoking; short black pipes and drinl^iiig fev" oonseqaeM on i mugs of neat whiskey as readily as if they had been water; all ^ onnuivv hwr the while planning, as I conjectured, in the vernacular vocabu "letWm di lary of their craft, which 1 was «holly unable to comprehend, leTccolly mnmMecl,-" % schemes for some adventure on which they were bent. Indifferent « so to «•<••(. him up. corners, others were curled up togetlier, apparently both men and after .imchcont women, some snoring, others muttering in their sleep. And in ansuspeotecl and. one particular recess my eye caujiht what appeared the imple fond, ancomplai">ng. un ments of their craft t crowbars, picks, shoveis, severui large sacks •n England, receiving suspended froin the wall, rough f'rize coals, and a species of l^orthyCapt-W.asove insirument more resembling grapnels than any thing I had before But there was one gii seen. What most struck me was the utter unconcern—wliether the suspicion, if not the from recklessness, or callousness, or the effects of continued of blood: this she ne drinking of ardent spirits, I could not tell,—which they all expressed her misgivir exhibited. Death—a death of violence—was^apparently in their coori^e, faUhful earnes wretched cavern; one of their iniquitous comrades was in Ids s„oflje«€ssofher son > death-struggle; yet they seemed in their unconcern to hear neither the whole current of h groan nor prayer,—neither to heed the intrusion of a stranger, himself;" /fier m or the presence of the pitiable sufferer whose streams of blood an outline of five year were rolling there like water. They drank and played, and as I shall endeavour i cursed,—as unpitying as fiends, as insensate as brutes. This favoured a slep which soon appeared to me most necessary, that we should, if possible, remove the wounded man. Persuasion by the way both of entreaty and of bribe, after some loss of time, influenced the old porter to aid us in this: he waited until the Thi nearest gang lU a given signal lurned out on the nigiit's adventure, Soon afier my ^riva and till the others stretched here and there on benches about the of an Uolaled seuleme cellar, which grew darker and darker by one and then anotlier residence. lantern-glimmer dying out,—were sunk in heavy slumber. The fallter and his 6»e sliding hatch was then withdraivn, and befure the grey dawning about iiurty of the day broke faintly in through the dingy wii)dow-panes of a.epcsl Carnlinr>» tlje widow's room, her son was quietly sleeping, and the mother's encircled land; indu^^ry, prayers with mine ascended hopefully together,—that a further and sons' sons had. " way of escape might be opened" for her abandoned son. Worn populalion of thu s out with anxiety and most painful excitement, I reached my room as the day was breaking: but my liead was so bewildered, and covernmcnt -.unong i my eye-balla so burning after the scene and sights tliey had ble-sings and privveg' witnessed that— religion.„,,e.„bnnaoutl.eS.., "Tired Nsture's sweet rpstorpr, balmy sleep, the CWurch of r."--' That swITl on downy pinion flies from woe fxcee-J foarscort And ligfits on lids unsullied wilii a lear"— his eldest son as M refused to "pay his ready visit;" and I was fain to walk out in elamole, h:.d so sha the freshness of the bright autumn morning, and strolling towards tnimature commonw Clontarf to forget for a Tnoment, in the benuty and joyousness of I desirous of nature, the sinfulness and misery of man ! sucl. glorious and p Months passed on; spring had succeeded to a severe winter; root At ' and a new life of s[Ming-like consolation had succeeded lo the woodland now bec wido\^'s winter of drpary «oc. Her son, whom she watched and

4 ^ 151 r«acly to out on pipes and drinking tended for manywakeful nightsand watchful daysbeganto amend : acl been water; ali the fever consequent on his wound had subsided : search or even ^emacular vocabu- close enquiry after hini by his brutal associates was scarcely 7 to comprehend, thought of: " let him die in peace wherever he be," the old por -bent. Indifferent ter coolly mumbled,—"we shall have him again some day, when both men and we go to sack him up." As soon as his strength would permit his "• -And in removal, after much contriving that they mightescape the widow's Pt^ared the impJe- garret unsuspected and unseen, Edward Hammond, with his everui Jarge sucks fond, nncomplaiuing, unwearied mother was in my neighbourhood and a species of in Eiijliind, receiving such kindness and sympathy from the h'nglhad before worthy Capt. VV. as overj^owered them from its very strangeness. oncern—whether But there was one grief heavy on the mother's heart: she had •is of continued the suspicion, if not the fear, that her son was implicated in crimes -wmch they all of blood: this she never hinted to him, but to me she often parent]y in their expressed her misgiving. Kindness, sympathy, frequent inter ades was in his course, faithful earnest appeals at length removed the acquired n to hear neither suvageness of her son, a visit to the home of his childhood changed a stranger the whole current of his thoughts; like the prodigal " he came to -eanis of blood' himself;"' and after manv struggles he at length afforded me such " played, and an ontline of five years of degradation, abandonment, and misery, utes. as I shall endeavour to describe in a further Chapter. "50st necessary, C2^0 he continued.) 'n- Persuasion '® Joss of time, 'tfcJ until the ''t 8adventure, Jes about the' The Lodge in the Wilderness. « then anotlier Soon afier my arrival in the slate of North Cjuolina, I was informei^ of an iaoluted settlement at a considerable distance from the place of my lumber. The residence. Its ori^i al elemerts were emi^ranis from New England—a fey dawning- father and his 6ve sons, who, with their wives and little childrfu, had, dow-panes of about thirty years bef'ire, become sojourners in the heart of one of the the mother's dffpest Curoliniiiii solitudes. They purchased a tract of wild, swbmp- •hut a further eiicirclpd land: this iliey subjecied lo cultivation, and, by unremiiiing son. Worn indu>try, rendered it adcquitte to their subsistence and comfort. The sons led my room and sons' sons had, in (iit-ir turn, brccme f.itliers of families: so that the Jidered, and population of this singular liltle spot compri>ed four generations. They were described as constiuitinjj a peaceful and virtuous ommuniiy, with a ts they had liovernmpnt among ihetnselves purely patrinrclul. Secluded from ihi» b!e^sing8 and privileges of public worsl'.ip, it was said ihiit a detp sense of reliidion. influrncing ilie heart and condoct, had been preserved hy slatcdiy ft3^enlhlin£^ on the Sabbath, and rending the Scriptures, vviih the Liturgy of the Church of F.nel;»nd. The pious uncfstor of the colony, wl)o>e years waJk out in now rxceed fourscore, had, at iheir removni to this hermiiaye, estahij&lied towards his eidest son as Uy readpr. This simple ministraiion, aided by holy 'ousness of example, h;id so shared (he blessing of Ileavi-n, thiit all ihe members of this miiiiuturecommonwealth held fast the hope and fdith of the G"Spel. I was desirous of risiling this ptculiur people, and of ascertaining wliether 'e winter; such glorious and preoious fruits could derive nourisiimetit from so simple a Jed to the root. At length an opportunity offered, and I resolved so to contrive my itchtd and journey as lo be witness to Iheir Suiiday devotions ... An expanse of arable woodland now became visible, and wrestlhsof sm

dSYt i'^ fThete is atradition th UieSovests of llie IMlriardi r«,Tt° i' 7" "P°° "" ful country, «hen the ^ Af.ra "'"1 »"<> """Pt""''": emphasis. ground, exclaiming , u ail rose from their knees; and I entered Here we rest- J Christ" T ^®ppy Circle. "I am a minister of tlie Gospel of Jesus I.ong t T- Bearin S V.M in,lilt SaiZt: ea»l on for afew momenls O'er % wriu^rupoVhtr" ""W '.ever „ue, w„ ( tvvo years has my dwelling been in this forest: hitherto no Wber •V Days

Lol

Firn At the request of the patriarch, I udminisiered the sacrnmeul of baotism • T" twas received with ihe most affecting demons,rations of soTem iti '^3-' Alai

Tun ve?^,ll , were continued till the seuing of the Tyi mrrJ"ltil' child^Tn ^^Eacb° ve^erlbTe p^Tia'rchfnlrSuUd' ¥ri born'^IuhlSi?' Iraml''hir""'h' ""'^'h ^niiled onthese babes Se fl„i,their blessedTil Sh;r/wSr.''X"', , puiJc lo re"frest. "SodL»ou naih ffiven us faimlip* a< a ^ drsu 20 153 knowledge. Our only books of instruction are the Bible and Proyer-book " Ala given signal, they rose and sung, when about departing to their Sis'lprc-:' buiJfJing^I at ?nr j®"""''"® jcparafe abodes, " Glory be to God in the highest, and on earth peace good will towards men." Never was my spirit so stirred within roe, as when that rustic yet tuneful choir, surrounding the wliite-haired father, breathed outin the forest-sanctuary, "Thou that lakest away ihe sins ofthe world, have mercy "PO" The following morning I called on every family, and wns n.uch delighted with the domestic order, economy, and concord, that prevailed. Careful improvement of time, and moderate desires, seemed uniformly to produce in them the fruits of a blameless life and conversation They conduced tne to their school- ,ts teacher was a grand-daughter of the ay reader. Most of her pupils read intelligently, and replied with readiness to questions from Scripture history, &c. They had lea/ned, moreover wlm the flesli" a ^neelin? books ofscience can never teach, cy*er, wnai 'he patriarclilt").""''""' Ti . '' Enou|^li for man to know, ^"at virtue alone gives happiness below."

5od Was in ik« - ""O weig ' evinced ti e '""' rV anVX"Tb'''

Here we rest ! Pon ns " fK» 'nfl 4 a„ e„e., ^'iX4"p''Jppw ful country, when the chieflai^ of •er of tli-'r . ®"'e''ed ground, exclaiming "Alabama! Alabama r•JsiSvin^'^""H^^^^ "• S; Here we rest! j s'gniiying .— Here we rest! Long the fight: I'leCreek-trihe Indians Turned, to the fer West to flpe. ".-'-;-.r::: Bearing off iheir dead and vTouiided Sad andsilently. ^db'eHuT; '''"•"" "o 0 er vast prairies,—wild suvannahs »° e™ i„ ;•"' """' "l>" On they fled to find a home,— >eO,Si&^od in- fJisi '^ temple"''dernpss.we Where no spoiler could pursue them, Days t^hey fled : a cloudless sunsetto roam : , ho^f'k H'sprace, we ahed its flood ofpurple light, ^°"8hi «s, and Jigh.Ij, Lo . a river's peaceful waters Gleam before them broad and brielit • ^saerameni of baptism'; i-irm the leader struck his tent-pole ®Of ^°'®ninity andtrat One calm word his joy expressed Alabama! Alabama! lo them a high, aias ! a Here we rest! Here we rest! '® patriarch introduced Type ofLife's uncertain conflict I neir love and reverenceand even iTiends,V • j "'..r®like Autumn leavesnow wefallflee:round us sniiled on these babes oad and silently! "«'r companions, and O'er Life's desert, through its shadows. f ven OS famibes as a Un we journey day by day, Mheabori intervals of Peeking some more peaceful region ri) t(,e rudiments of Far from earth's rude strife away 154

Life's (lay ends! How rich its glories! Calm its sunset sinks in liglu,— Ri*er of yon Blessed Country would lament " ik, Welcome! welcome to our si^hl! 'aid Him " Here our pilgrim staff be grounded Let sweet praises (illour breast,— HaHeluja! Halleluja! ".eChureh'Sl Here we rest! Here we rest! communion Cape Town, April 17th, 1852. B-". Hi»£, tz Canons ofI57t Translation of Latin Hymn of Francibco Xavier. ofLerins: 0 God! my spirit loves but Thee: Notthat in Heaven its Home may be, cannot fear the resul Not that the Souls which love not Thee that ly '0 " Shall groan in fire eternally. ""arshweandmustwildemes. wade • But Thou on the accursed Tree In Mercy hast embraced me. jWi'es waters, nearer For me thecruel Nails, the Spear, before us. The age ii The ignominious Scoffdidst bear, or novelty inother ih, Countless, unutterable woes. newer than the age of The bloody sweat, Death's pangs and throes; ^-e «re solemnly ^charg These didst Thou bear, all these, for me any man shall add m A sinner, und estranged from Thee. Apostles, ofthe "Faiti And wherefore no affection shew, Art. teaches us, is ihe Jesus, 10 Thee iliat lov'st me so 1 «oly Writ." yet jt ^ Not that in Heaven my Home may be. ihe sarne "-this i, sti] Not lest I die eiernally,— ficclesia, sedula et rai Nor from the Hopesof Joy above me; h.s permutat, nihil mint But ev*n as Thou Thyself did^t love iiie. perflua; non amittit s So love I, and will ever love thee; studet, ut vetera fidelite Solely because my King urt Thou "•formata et inchoata, My Ond for evermore as nosr. Amen. consohdet, firmet; siqu= H. W. Longfellow. looking at the import 'ending to teu what is t practice, we w^Ico IIEVIEWS. The Churchman's Yeah Book for 1852. Pr. 7s. Zondon. Cos. •'•''iglitidp ^''CurcJdunngof Facts1851."an King Wil/iam-street, Straru^. ^really f^t; ,|,g The questions which have arisen of late years to test llie faith and earnest subtical Courts are of ntc ness of Uie Church in England, must be considered by every thinking mind 'nto a compact form forret to be ol the most weighty importance. They involve cnnsequence.s which and comprizes all the m connect thern not with the present hour merftly, nor simply with the names Jo51, underthesever al hej of ttiose most prominently associated with them,—but such as will operate Proceedings in ParJiamen for years to come, and stamp their results on distant generations. The rrtrliamentary Papers. P Church in England too long dormant, and too much hampered, has for some Church in the Colonie?,ar litnc prtst been waking from its dreams, and coming to its strength. The t'on under ihe head of M world is challenging its high claim ofbeing Christ's Witness upon earth, and opposition which the Chur. the Church hasaccepted the challenge, and is proving that it is " not of man which she is iie*er»hp|ess ri but ofGod." The Infidel cy has been shouted round it "down with it, carrying ilie leaven of uodli down with it, even to the groundenemies without it have accused it of should be without this ralu; destroying more souls than it has saved : and some within it have so corrup* ted many of its doctrines, and so altered the Pentecostal Pattern of the The Bookof Chdrch H Church ofChrist l« meet the views of our compromising and neologian age, This useful compendium Palmer's "Ecclesiastical ll< that the Churchman of two centuries buck, if he could rise from his toQib, would lament " they have taken away my Lord, and 1 know not where they have laid Him." The immediate consequence of all this is, that earnest minds are weighing the evidence of.the Church's claims: they are testing doctrines by tracing them up to their source: they are acknowledging what tlie Church Catholic has everacknowledged, and what the worthies of our communion,—to wit, Ridley, Jewel, Uslier, Overa!, Hammond, Beveridue, Bull, Hickes, Bramhall, and a goodly host beside, heeding the caution of the Canonsof 1571,—nol only acknowledged but followed, the rule of Vincent ofLerins: "In I'psa item Catholica Ecclesia magnopere curandum est, ut id teneamu.s, quod ubique, quod semper, quod ab omnibus credituni est." VVe /lER. cannot fear the result of such a step. In tracing doctrine from age through age, from writer to writer, from obscurity up to catliolicily, we may be told that we must wade, as one who would trace ihe Nile's source must, throujib marsh and wilderness, through mist and darkness;—but be it so, we are content, if when with diligence we have truced it, we find it like the same Nile's waters, nearer Heaven at its source, than when it lay unexplored before us. The age in wh'ch we live is as curious for wvelti/ in doctrine as (or novelty in other things; but no doctrine of the religion of Jesus can be newer than the age of (he Apostles: there has been no after revelation, and we are solemnly charged at the close of the New Testament Canon, that " if any man sliall add unto these things, God sh.ill add unto him the pUgues that are written in this Book " (Rev. xxii. 18.) Of the docirine df the Apostles, of the "Faith once delivered to the Saints," the Church, our xxth An. teaches us, is the guardian,—" the Church is a witness and keeper of Holy Writ," yet it ought not, it is added, " to decree anything a^inst Ihe same "—this is still following the same safe line of Vincent: •'Chribii £cclusia, sedula et oauta depositorum apud se do^matum custos, nihil in bis permutat, nihil minuit, nihil addii; non ampuiat necessaria, non apponit superflua; non amittit sua, non usurput aliena; aed omni Industrie hoc unum Sludet, ut vetera fideliter sapieuterque tractamJo, siqua sunt ilia antiquitus informata et inchoata, accurei et poliat; siquajam expressa el enucteuta, consolidet, Krmet; siqua jam conlirmata el deRniia custodial." Cp xxiii. Looking at the imporinnt questions arising in the Church at home as all JFELLOW. tending to tent what is truth, and to eludicate what is /irimitive and what is novel practice, we weiuome the "Churchroan'.s Year Book for 1852." It is a " Kecurd of Facis and Proceedings in connexion vviih the Cimrch r^f England during 1851." The need of such a Hecord is besjiuning to be in. Coje. gre.dly ft-U: the questions brought before Parliament, and decided by Eccle siastical Courts are of more than passing interest; we want them collected and eBrnest- intoa compact form for reference. Sucli theChurchman's Year Book supplies: linking mind and comprizes all the movements and events cotmecied with the Church in lences which 1851, under the several heads:—" Episcopal Documentsand Correspondence. ih ihe names Proceedings in Parliament. Abstracis ot Acts of Parliament xiv, xv. Viet. will operate Parliamentary Papers. Proceedings in Courts of Law. Cliiirch Societies. ations. The Church in the Colonies, and a considerable amount of Ecclesiaslicat informa has for some tion under the head of Miscellaneous." No one desirous of marking the rength. The opposition whicli the Church has to maintain, and the steady advance wiih on earlh, and which she is iiever'heless rising to her true position of reality and usefulness, ♦' nol of man carr>iiigihe leaven of godlinessihioughuut the lengthand breadth of Ihe land, lown with it, should be without this valuable publication. accused il of Tbe Bode OF Church History.—London. A/«j/crs, 1851. Price, Is. ,ve so conup- Pattern of the This useful compendium is for ihe most part extracted from Krv. W. leologian age, Putiiicr'a "Ecclesiastical History." its object is to lurni^h userul Manual f \

lu6

Periods, like ll.e l.rger of F.i.l aad^STbuserand Jrn^ tf-e/aUh of U.e Church, ihe Frails ofbeenthiswanted;—an'Abstrocidescription fiirnishinewhirhtliP avii?^ features ofPeriod.Church AHistory,lilile handbookhas long on a larger work, or which he could^onk^ih'" entering through Mosheim,orany volamii.oiis p i summary after wading W.YS OF ov.r,coM«o Ta.PT„.o».-Bj, Jiev. R. O. Baodle Ma,ler>, 'oHovS'"" "fci „ "^Helher London. Price, ^d. P"'"poseof!l, '® "u *>• «pecLM''"""'steri »^nted to"^ to 'hos. corviiices us (hat the author has "vvresiled haTd " T " ® conflicl. The writer's ini».nHnn .V !• , . ®g®'°st sin in the spiritual humble offering to Christ's nhildren for Tt has b^ ?" morehopeclosely that it may,to Hirn under; and Hisgmdehlp«m.rthem'iJ'^heiri i .?'bT.il" sentout jn ti.e llieir souls. It was not wriiipn nn- against the enemies of warnedturned wilfullyof tlieirbnckdanger,afterbeforethe world,ihev wtheil Mnn.!,!onl™''^^^vilde^.f' TlieytT'' need to'Tbe lemptatioD." This little treati^P L i"u'es for overcoming knowledge of our deceitful hearts and of th?se ^ngly to our beset us;"' and it is Imrdlv nnssii.L tnose sins which cio most easily I®"® 'o acnuaiiu 10 check the influences of sin nor for'one"wl!n'f°n'""^ ''•egeneral aff • reliance on the aid of the Holy Soirit of God n, .°r' d'recnun, in huml.Je after c' f?'?"® 'he ii)doin»so. The direciini.« .fii succeed to soirje extent tlie irealise, show adeep insight in ohumi"^f.'r ' one half accoiopanyincr W'h t end br uthe an earnest desire after holiness. ^ ' deyotions at ihc -'''^»c,or;rep,;™-;^,^, SrOR.ts ON THE Lonn's Pn^y^n.-B^ the Author HerO.rL Price, 6d. We Cone/.; "i'ere can be nu',i'''"!'-'®'=' " lier pastor of enforcing practically our tL^' 0|^oriunity to parishioner is representeS to us as^ younl wIwrl' ^'••'rcli of En,,} 'h-U L'l to realize the precious comforts which afull nnH i 5^ patli of suffering giviPrayerherof »pi?.™alnra)ers isgJiSintendeda' „pp°r. ^ ""dorstandingMa,,'. „ij„wh„„dof this irustii.g in and relying upon GoS as heJ Fat, rr A I'

conceive lo ij- '^""C^Jmswh 7'd parishioners ' 11^ xs: "P'vards of (/],>,„ ° 13'sitoj passeth underetanding; and Mary's death brd wJl j "f deceased ini been u. who surrounded it. Deep humfliiv fprv • ""^eed an example to all there: it seemed indeed as if n >vere '"frfered „/i|, / f;'™l-gro„ncl, heaven was shining upon this daVk and'sinrTvySlJ^'^Vp^ brisl,l„ess of these simiyle stories as calnnl-irPfT i« m..L • . recommend , Under these riZ ' ^"''Ject i learnyoung,„ persons,repea, bu,aswhichwell as fe„lo illusirale,pi,prLticX^.nllSsulr''lhaf UoirKs r I"'"'''"" 'he Efiai/s/i fi. '^"""s'ances we "'embers of oiK r " opeMo

/ / ^ .miC lo7 leds, like U'C •Church, the Frujis A little handbook .rch History, has long 1read before entering ummary afier wading >ry. To those who are neat liule publication. J. Boodle Mastert, R'a"ted .0 .Lm „i°h .he J, '.cces, i," arned the necessity of faithful, and at once i. -be is ve,.d Qst sin in the spiritual "the following is a" js been sent out in tlie Th»Ihe Deanr» .s reply and MemorandumYours,were&c.,as under. Edward Jddge. some litile way to live against tlie enemies of Hev. Canon Judge. Vss\ry of St. George's, Apri? 2, t852. I, for those who have 2vil. Tiiey need to be y rules for overcoming copy of your corres|on

n™- foil PROMOTING ChrISTIaK insiruction .°"'"'es, 1

Ihrurop .'•f P*""'""".; "'""''"S in its endeavours to aid "-''enI sn ,""'elf I?L . f Society ; nor has its success of Ihe past year been •"'"d and of ft ZtJ^Ll T'' ®t«Uefthatitis doing its part towafds advancing . S'KxrrS'. ihntre salvation/ of our consuramatjon,God. when "all the ends of the earth shall see "The sales from August 1850 to the end of December 1851 have been to he amount of £148 13 4i; but this will by no means show the extent of and ' 'f'an , operations, as a large supply of Books I,as been granted lo ledffA?6 snion?^''orance.|Kp _ i 'eresied exprl* P®op'e, fhfthe nprpermissionP^r'®^®'/"<^_^choolsof the Parent Society."through the Lord Bishop of the Diocese wiih •"' ".e and as an ' "^phoj. ,1ther Bishop, since his arrival,Parentmay,Societyas we hasI.Rveassistedjust referredthis Diocese,lo it, throughbe here ''♦■reafier ,'"^'^inent of graiefiilly recorded. With the sets of Service Books and supply of Dutch interest bui°,rP''°L'^ its ''s inrf-crif " J- 1847fftSr lo 1851fiti have been^ as undt-r." ^ "^e '"'"s granted from '''P' Diocesan College, -£2000 Church, Cradock, -- loO ®ga'nst Iherelicr;« r General purposes. 500 Church, Somerset, - . 30O <=0"scieme ( Church, Graaff-Rcinet, 150 Church, Port Elizabeth, - 200 "'femnts ® ''0 T Church, George, 100 Chapel, Coloured People, Church J ^SSression Church, C'aledoii, 150 Georp, . I 50 Cliurch, Wnyberg, (enlarge Educational purposes, - 250 extend the ins ^ 'ending ment,) 50 Grant of Books, Military Vil- '''rao-hou, J Churches, Knysna, 150 lages, &c. - - - 15 Church, KingWilliam'sTown 100 Grant of Books,Mancazana, Military Villages, (transferred Post Relief, f to Alice,) . 100 Southwell, j 20 Church, Rondeboscli, - 150 Church, Eerste Rivier, Cuylervilie, * Church, Colesberg, 50 Simon's Town, 5 100 Swellendam, 5 Church, Maritzburg, J'Natal,) 75 Bioemfontein, 8 Church, D'Ufban, (Natal,) 60 Church, Swellendam, 50 £4868 Church, Beaufort, 100 36 Sets of Service Books, Church, Bloemfontein, 150 600 Dutch Bibles, Church, Claremont, -riIhe chirse•. off He, '-r^De|j6i, .has lately100 been50 Dutchentrusted andtoEn«!ishMr. Sammons,Prayer Books.and the Premises in Pifm-street have undergone considerable alterations lo afford grtrater facilities for the sale of the Society's Publications. 3^ome NiIds. National Education—The New Premier, ihe Eurl of Derby, in his J'orteau Bay whth speed. I" the House of Lords, Feb. 27, tl.us expressed lmn,elf with reference 'and. iive m^'ov 1 lo Lducation and the Church : more comrh?K Ar^ongS Xse"ifse 1"peopJe,

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•• : .'Ci*; jVi.i-v 159 "I bejieve, and I rejoice to believe, that the feelings of all classes of the jropri«iy communily, high and low, rich and poor, have been led to this conclusion, .rm for ihetn an Widely•j' I it• ia spreadamountamongofeducationall conditionswhichofwemen,are theablegreatertogi*e,clianceand thetheremoreis d boun^ to per- for ine preservation ofthe tranquillity, the happiness, and the well-being of •hyard as exclu- the community. But, when I use the term ' education ' let me not be mis lorcliwardena as understood. By ' education *I do not mean the mere development in the intellectual faculties, the mere acquisition of temporal knowledge—the mere ibe ground. instruction which enables a man to improve hissocial condition in life, and which gives hira fresh habits, and with the chani^e of habiis fresh means to acconimodale himself to their enjoyment. Valua'ble as such instruction may ,ting CheistiaN be, when I speak ofeducation, I speak ofthatwhich includes theculture ofthe ,he Branch Coro- mirid and of the soul, laying the foundation of all knowledge on the basis of bcnpture and evangelical truth. I desire to look on all those who are enga eodeavours to aid ged in the work of spreading knowledge, even though they may be ofadif- ihe past year been le^nt communion from that to which I am most sincerely atiached, as fellow* owards advancing labourers, rather than as rivals, in the war which we conjointly wage with ihe earVli shallsee vice and ignorance, i say further, that for the promotion of religious know ledge among the people, I rely with confidence on the enlightened and disin 1851 have beeo to terested exertions of the pnrochial clergy of the United Church ofEngland ,ho« Ihe extent of and Ireland. To uphold that Church as the depositary of religious truth, 5 been granted to and as an instrument of incalculable value in diiFusing good both here and f ihe Diocese wuh hereafter, to uphold its influence and maintain its power, is not only the interest but also the moral duly of Governroent; to uphold and maintain it s Diocese, through integrity, not by penal enectments directed against those who may .rred to it, be here differ from her communion—not by virulent invective or by abusive language dsupply of Dutch against the religious faith of those whose errors we"hjay deplore, but towhose sums granted from conscieme we have ro right to dictate—but by steadfastly resisting all ^tempts at aggression upon the rights, the privileges, the possessions of that . 100 Church, come from what quarter and backed by what weight of authority ' _ 100 they may—and by lending every power of the GoAernment to support and xabeth, 200 extend the influence of that Church, in its hi^h and holy calling ofdiffusing ed people, 50 throughout the length and breadth of the united empire—for 1 speak not of 250 this country alone—that knowledge wiiich is only derived from the diffusion poses» of the Holy Scriptures. Military Vil- 15 S. P. G. Jubilee Fund.—The Jubilee Fund of the Society for the Propa Mancaiana.-^ gation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts now amounts to upwards of36, 000/. PoslReiief, I 20 Emigration.—A return to Parliament has recently been printed, showina Soulhweli, i that the total number of persons who emigrated from the United Kingdom Ciiylerville, J during the five years from 1846 to 1850 inclusive was 1,216,557. The number Simon's Town, 5 despatched from the Colonial Land and Emigration Commissioners in the Swellendam, 5 rS period was 53,434, and the estimated number wlio emigrated at their own Bloemfontein, 8 cost in the same time was 1,163,123. £4888 Colonial atib .iFoveigii »to0. Mission at Forteau Bay Labrador.—Labrador is aculd, bleak country rice Books, on the north-east shore ofBritish North America. Scarcely tiny trees or plants' EnaWh Prayer Books. will grow there, owing to the intense cold. The nsiives of the country are the Esquimaux; and far away to the north ofForteau Bay are the Mission-stations 10 Mr.Saramons, and of the Moravians, who have been labouring for these hundred years toconvert ble aUeraHOQS toaftord the heathen Esquimaux to the faith of our Lord Jesus Christ. About Forteau Bay, which is not many miles from the opposite shoie of Newfound land. live many hundreds of English subjects; and in summer time thousands Earl of Derby, i" his more come hither with iheir fishing-vessels to engage in the cod-fishery d him.elf svilb reference Among these people, the Bishop of Newfoundland has stationed two* T^'

lav

1^. Bookseller, No. 11, couNEn or s The above premises ^i5sss his rare responsibiifty, a separa Je >v,II be eiiiibJed to oi iiiiPisigii favored for his Monihh ^-ompeteiit lo execute •L»ep;iituie!it, as usual, Mag-iz.nes Circulars bp Sflnf-rl .1^ ,u J L ^ opening to view Foiteau Bay as ill'- int ndt'd ojieratit mention can be tnade of will be exhibited, but 1 PastL steered hi. bnft ^'7"' PO'^l'et-handkercI.iefs. Tl.ere works, the foIhjwlQg art April 30, ;8j!. Southey's Book ofihe Church Kfeformed Religion in France. n ',''® Mission, where it is hoped to build a clmnfi Cloth with Plates. By the E. Sniedley, m.a. Cbemtsiry of Creation, with pi. ^ schooner to Halifax to 4 Things of tlje Sea Coast, plates liorne on tlie Psalms, 2 vols. TroJoTeVc^iper""^ °' •" '"' Kobi.isoii Crusoe, 8vo, plates. rected bv James I'luinptre, t .hoTIi; ®e^F'Sr;" '" ®"''""'' ••> "> Outlines ofSsicred Jlisiory, pla II IS cheering to the pious heart to find lhat in the bleakest reeioas of ice Memoir of Fei.x Neff, by \ piliy, DD. Priddt-n's Early Christians. manners and customs. Hecreatinns in Astronomy. B China, has be^p put to death for preaching Ciiristianity. He was denounceds5=:! Rev L. Tomlinson, m.a. by Uie mandarins, arrested, bound hand and foot, conveyed to the capital WichoI.-(ou on the Catechism. Hue Fo, and condemned ,o death by asort of judicial commission.^ He ihe Cathedral, or thp Catholic AposiolicCliurch inEnoland.' Z tl»ousand troops aiiended Plates. ChrisS; °;h° e'7o!"' ™-he P»" of .he numerous The Ahutyrs aiid other Poems, Pri,,M by W. L. Sammon-s , CaMou.s^u<,re, Cape Toivr,. ihe Rev. VV. A. Ne\7man, v.&. tt'>v. A. ISewmun,°f CMst.m.a.By t/ie : Reverses of the Fai.-fux Family. iTr.

ere i$ already W. 1j. led; but it is re the end of BOOKSELLER, STATIONER, & PRINTER, le rougli sea, No, li. PLEIN-STREET, i to Itear His COSSrSR OF SFZN-STRE£T, CAP£ TOWN. • the Society Ti)e above ))reraises ijaving undergone considerable altera es are trying, Church. A tions and improvements, W. L. S. takes leave to inform his iful they are friends, and the public, that shortly will be opened for their Vwork which insppction, h more complete stock of et^nerai Literature and Stationery, than it has been convenient hitherto to exhibit on im, one day the surae spot, for want of suitable accommodation. hem in plain ind inquired, Br'sides the usual supply of Publications bt^lonwing to or people in "2he Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge,^' now- catcli during entrusted to his care, VV. L. S, will possess, on his own saries oF life, responsibility, a separate and independent brancli, whereby ed by having e produce of be will be ennbled to order any books with which he may be y ihpy could favored for his Monthly parcels, and at the same time will bo ned out fine, competent to execute any Commission in the Printiiii,' n happened, Department, as usual, on the spot, ^uch as n in his boat :novvo, some Wag-Ez.nes, CIrculars. Catalogues. S;llHeads, cards,. leau Bay, as The int nded operations not being yet fully completed, no d fishermen mention ciiti he made of the precise nature of the f^iock that decked with will be exhibited, but for the present. amon_<;st many other liefs. There y exchanged works, the following are now opened for inspection. jd at 8/. 10s. April 30, ;8jl. lission were Southey'.s Book of ihe Church. ylergyinan to The Rise of the Papal Power. By Reformed Religion in France, 3 vols. 11. Hussey, b.d Cloth with Plates. By the Rev. ild a chiipel, Vmcentius LermSf aguiust Heresy. E. Smediey, m.a. Talesaud Allegories. from visiting Chemistry ofCreation, with plates. ' the Clergy- Si.eculati'in. Things of the Sea Coast, platfs. The Singers of ihe Sanctuary. lali&x, to be Home on the Psalms, 2 vols. building the Persian Stories. By the Rev. H. Itobinsoii Crusoe, Bvq, plates. Cor Keene, m.a. rected hy James i'lumptre, b.d. to Labrador Bishop AiiJrewe»' Devotions. Outlines oj^Sncrpd History, plains. 'Jhe Oeuliim. IJy the Author of gions of ice Memoir of Felix Neff, by W. S. ' The CulheJrui' Giily, D D. Intense to be Parochii.1 Sermons. By the Rev. C. Pridden's Earl/ Clin'.stians. Their A. Heurtley, a.o. manners and customs. The Christian Sdiular. las reached f Hecrealinns in Astronomy. By the Berens' History ofthePrayerBook. / in Coochin Itev L. Tomlinson, m.a. Sptin-mv's Ratiiinule upon The Book 3 denounced Nichol.-iOD on the Catechism. of Common Prayer. the capital, 1/ie Caihcdral, or thp Catholic and The Psa/^er with theGregotianTones. lission. He AposiolicChurch inEngland. With Reading Lessons. For the highfr >p3 aiiended Plates. Classes in Classical, Middle and le numerous The Matters and other Poems. By Diocesan Schools by the Kev. \V. the Rev.W.A. Newman, h.a. B. Flo\Yer, B.A. The Gospel of Christ. By the Rev. Sermovf, preached at Bishop's Col VV. A. Wewman, m.a. lege, Calcutta. By the Rev. A. W. Reveries ofthe rairfnx Family. Street, u a. A-^athos. By the Rev. s. Wilber- force. M.A. ri/twath Edition. Howe's Works. Burton's Greek Testament. v.hea|>Defoe 3RepositaryHistory ofllieTr-^n.Plague. - Grammar by W, E JeJf. Blunt on the Refwraation. ^ Travelsin Africa. Plates - ^)oiiesticated Animals. H. M. White. M.A. Preached in Eerodolus, 2 vols. ^t. '^eorge 3Church, Cape Town, Thucydidct, with notes. By T Ar Dec. 23, 1851. ' nold, D.D. ^ i'Ufoduct^n to Gothic Archittctun. UatversUy SermoiK by the Rev. C i-U'jrma Dorne.stica. A. Ueurtley, m.a Christian Ballads and Poems. By Purochiul Work. By the Rev. E the Rev. A. C. Coxe, m.a. Monro, m.a. •f"n Ash^ or the Foundlin<'. Eibles and Common Prayers of every Jspinckes' Devotions. " variety in Iloun, Morocco and vel- *'eti and in cases for presents. .rj

JUST RECEIVED. And,n.ybeM^ W. L. Samn^on., 11, PlnZtreet. JODENAL OF VISITATION TOUR THROUGH THE CAPE COLONY IN 1850. By ra-E Rt. Lwid Bisuop op Gapetowj,-.

THREE DISCOURSES .UdS^tion.from a. Worh of,he Reo. J. Mede, b.d. Pr. Is

•' dedicaled "lo.he THE GOSPEL MISSIONARY for 185I Pr ig

... socie., iws^nt for youflg persons, na mred cloth, and forms asuitabJe

VERSES for 1851. Tl». Pwe Is.fid *eT>.W Of