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An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti
Regional Dynamics of Inter-ethnic Conflicts in the Horn of Africa: An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti DISSERTATION ZUR ERLANGUNG DER GRADES DES DOKTORS DER PHILOSOPHIE DER UNIVERSTÄT HAMBURG VORGELEGT VON YASIN MOHAMMED YASIN from Assab, Ethiopia HAMBURG 2010 ii Regional Dynamics of Inter-ethnic Conflicts in the Horn of Africa: An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti by Yasin Mohammed Yasin Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree PHILOSOPHIAE DOCTOR (POLITICAL SCIENCE) in the FACULITY OF BUSINESS, ECONOMICS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES at the UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG Supervisors Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit Prof. Dr. Rainer Tetzlaff HAMBURG 15 December 2010 iii Acknowledgments First and foremost, I would like to thank my doctoral fathers Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit and Prof. Dr. Rainer Tetzlaff for their critical comments and kindly encouragement that made it possible for me to complete this PhD project. Particularly, Prof. Jakobeit’s invaluable assistance whenever I needed and his academic follow-up enabled me to carry out the work successfully. I therefore ask Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit to accept my sincere thanks. I am also grateful to Prof. Dr. Klaus Mummenhoff and the association, Verein zur Förderung äthiopischer Schüler und Studenten e. V., Osnabruck , for the enthusiastic morale and financial support offered to me in my stay in Hamburg as well as during routine travels between Addis and Hamburg. I also owe much to Dr. Wolbert Smidt for his friendly and academic guidance throughout the research and writing of this dissertation. Special thanks are reserved to the Department of Social Sciences at the University of Hamburg and the German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA) that provided me comfortable environment during my research work in Hamburg. -
Download Annual Report 2004/05
ETHIOPIAN AIRLINES Annual Report 2004-05 WWW.ETHIOPIANAIRLINES.COM ANNUAL REPORT 2004-05 building CONTENTS on the FUTURE Management Board of Ethiopian Airlines .................................. 2 CEO’s Message............................................................................................. 3 Ethiopian Airlines Management Team ......................................... 4 Embarking on a long-range reform I. Investing for the future Continent .................................... 5 II. Continuous Change .............................................................. 5 III. Operations Review ............................................................... 5 IV. Measures to Enhance Profitability .................................. 7 V. Human Resource Development ....................................... 10 VI. Fleet Planning and Financing .......................................... 11 VII. Information Systems .......................................................... 11 VIII. Tourism Promotion ............................................................ 11 IX. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Measures ....... 12 Finance ............................................................................................................. 13 Auditors Report and Financial Statements ................................ 22 Domestic Route Map .............................................................................. 40 Ethiopian Airlines Offices ...................................................................... 41 International Route Map ...................................................................... -
IATA CLEARING HOUSE PAGE 1 of 21 2021-09-08 14:22 EST Member List Report
IATA CLEARING HOUSE PAGE 1 OF 21 2021-09-08 14:22 EST Member List Report AGREEMENT : Standard PERIOD: P01 September 2021 MEMBER CODE MEMBER NAME ZONE STATUS CATEGORY XB-B72 "INTERAVIA" LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY B Live Associate Member FV-195 "ROSSIYA AIRLINES" JSC D Live IATA Airline 2I-681 21 AIR LLC C Live ACH XD-A39 617436 BC LTD DBA FREIGHTLINK EXPRESS C Live ACH 4O-837 ABC AEROLINEAS S.A. DE C.V. B Suspended Non-IATA Airline M3-549 ABSA - AEROLINHAS BRASILEIRAS S.A. C Live ACH XB-B11 ACCELYA AMERICA B Live Associate Member XB-B81 ACCELYA FRANCE S.A.S D Live Associate Member XB-B05 ACCELYA MIDDLE EAST FZE B Live Associate Member XB-B40 ACCELYA SOLUTIONS AMERICAS INC B Live Associate Member XB-B52 ACCELYA SOLUTIONS INDIA LTD. D Live Associate Member XB-B28 ACCELYA SOLUTIONS UK LIMITED A Live Associate Member XB-B70 ACCELYA UK LIMITED A Live Associate Member XB-B86 ACCELYA WORLD, S.L.U D Live Associate Member 9B-450 ACCESRAIL AND PARTNER RAILWAYS D Live Associate Member XB-280 ACCOUNTING CENTRE OF CHINA AVIATION B Live Associate Member XB-M30 ACNA D Live Associate Member XB-B31 ADB SAFEGATE AIRPORT SYSTEMS UK LTD. A Live Associate Member JP-165 ADRIA AIRWAYS D.O.O. D Suspended Non-IATA Airline A3-390 AEGEAN AIRLINES S.A. D Live IATA Airline KH-687 AEKO KULA LLC C Live ACH EI-053 AER LINGUS LIMITED B Live IATA Airline XB-B74 AERCAP HOLDINGS NV B Live Associate Member 7T-144 AERO EXPRESS DEL ECUADOR - TRANS AM B Live Non-IATA Airline XB-B13 AERO INDUSTRIAL SALES COMPANY B Live Associate Member P5-845 AERO REPUBLICA S.A. -
Xii. Flight Schedule
XII. FLIGHT SCHEDULE: In addition, for your convenience, please find the flight schedule of all the flight to and from Tbilisi: TO TBILISI MONDAY Destination Departure Arrival Company Moscow 09.35 12.15 Aeroflot Paris 11.10 17.50 Georgian Airlines Prague 12.00 17.30 Georgian Airlines Moscow 12.40 15.05 Georgian Airlines Tel Aviv 22.15 01.50 Georgian Airlines Vienna 22.25 03.50 Austrian Airlines Istanbul 23.00 02.30 Turkish Airlines TUESDAY Destination Departure Arrival Company Moscow 09.35 12.15 Aeroflot Athens 12.00 15.45 Georgian Airlines Prague 12.00 17.30 Georgian Airlines Moscow 12.40 15.05 Georgian Airlines Frankfurt 19.30 01.40 Georgian Airlines Amsterdam 19.40 02.00 KLM Munich 21.10 02.55 Lufthansa Vienna 22.25 03.50 Austrian Airlines Dubai 23.45 03.15 Georgian Airlines WEDNESDAY Destination Departure Arrival Company Moscow 09.35 12.15 Aeroflot Amsterdam 10.40 17.10 Georgian Airlines Moscow 12.40 15.05 Georgian Airlines Kiev 19.25 22.40 Georgian Airlines London 21.15 05.20 British Airways Istanbul 23.00 02.30 Turkish Airlines THURSDAY Destination Departure Arrival Company Moscow 09.35 12.15 Aeroflot Vienna 11.10 16.25 Georgian Airlines Athens 12.00 15.45 Georgian Airlines Moscow 12.40 15.05 Georgian Airlines Amsterdam 19.40 02.00 KLM Munich 21.10 02.55 Lufthansa Cologne/Bonn 22.15 05.05 Germania FRIDAY Destination Departure Arrival Company Moscow 09.35 12.15 Aeroflot Paris 11.10 17.50 Georgian Airlines Prague 12.00 17.30 Georgian Airlines Moscow 12.40 15.05 Georgian Airlines Kiev 19.25 22.40 Georgian Airlines London 21.15 05.20 -
Hydrological Extremes and Their Association with ENSO Phases in Ethiopia
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/681528; this version posted June 24, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. Hydrological Extremes and their Association with ENSO Phases in Ethiopia Abu Tolcha Gari Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research Corresponding author: Email: [email protected]; Tel: +251-9-1281-2790, Fax: +251-022-331-1508 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/681528; this version posted June 24, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. Abstract Ethiopia is a rain fed agriculture country, which is subjected to high climate variability in space and time, leading to hydrological extremes causing loss of life and property more frequently. Droughts are more common and sometime floods are experienced in various parts of the country. Being a tropical country, the inter-annual climate variability in Ethiopia is dominated by ENSO (ElNino and Southern Oscillation). In this study, an attempt has been made to determine the occurrence of droughts and floods on monthly basis, by calculating the monthly SPI (Standardized Precipitation Index) using the available rainfall data during (1975-2005) at selected 26 stations that spread across the country. Based on the monthly SPI values computed, the droughts and floods of different intensities; extreme, severe and dry have been determined for all stations. -
International Tariff General Rules Applicable to the Transportation Of
1 Egypt Air International Tariff INTERNATIONAL TARIFF GENERAL RULES APPLICABLE TO THE TRANSPORTATION OF PASSENGERS AND BAGGAGE ____________________________________ Issue DEC 15 2019 2 Egypt Air International Tariff TABLE OF CONTENTS: PAGE RULE 1 - DEFINITIONS………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..3 RULE 5 - APPLICATION OF TARIFF………………………………………………………………………………………………17 RULE 10 – RESERVATION AND SEAT SELECTION…………………………………………………………………………20 RULE 15 – CURRENCY OF PAYMENT………………………………………………………………………………………….27 RULE 20 – TAXES, FEES AND OTHER CHARGES…………………………………………………………………………..29 RULE 25 – TICKETS…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….29 RULE 30 – FARE BRANDS, CLASSES OF SERVICE AND UPGARDES……………………………………………….32 RULE 35 – PERSONAL DATA ………………………………………………………………………………………………………37 RULE 40 – PASSENGER WITH DISABILITY ………………………………………………………………………………….39 RULE 45 – OXYGEN SERVICE AND PERSONAL OXYGEN CONCENTRATORS………………………………….44 RULE 50 - UNACCOMPANIED MINORS AND INFANTS…………………………………………………………………46 RULE 55 – PETS AND ANIMALS………………………………………………………………………………………………….49 RULE 60 – BAGGAGE…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………56 RULE 61 – INTERLINE BAGGAGE ACCECPTANCE…………………………………………………………………………79 RULE 65 – ADMINSTARIVE FORMALIITES………………………………………………………………………………….82 RULE 70 – CHECK-IN AND BOARDING TIME LIMITS……………………………………………………………………84 RULE 75 – REFUSAL TO TRANSPORT………………………………………………………………………………………….85 RULE 80 – SCHEDULE IRREUGLARITIES……………………………………………………………………………………….90 RULE 85 – VOLUNATRY CHANGES AND REROUTING………………………………………………………………….94 RULE -
Terms and Conditions of Members of the Austrian Airlines AG for The
Terms and Conditions of members of the Austrian Airlines AG for the purchase of goods and services hereinafter referred to as PURCHASE TERMS (valid as of of May 1, 2014) PURCHASE TERMS (valid as of of May 1, 2014) Page 1 1. Scope of application and subject-matter ............................................................................. 3 2. Quote and contract formation ............................................................................................ 3 3. Order confirmation ........................................................................................................... 4 4. Government permits ........................................................................................................ 4 5. Compensation and included services .................................................................................. 4 6. Delivery and service - execution ........................................................................................ 5 7. Service provision principles ............................................................................................... 6 8. Compliance; Environmental and Social Standards ................................................................ 7 9. Shipment of goods ........................................................................................................... 7 10. Acceptance of deliveries and services ................................................................................. 7 11. Subcontractor services .................................................................................................... -
Membership of the Board of Governors
Membership of the Board of Governors As of 15 February 2021 Chair of the Board Mr Robin Hayes Chief Executive Ocer JETBLUE AIRWAYS Members Mr Mikhail Pluboyarinov General Director and Chief Executive Ocer AEROFLOT Ms María José Hidalgo Gutiérrez Chief Executive Ocer AIR EUROPA Mr Benjamin Smith Chief Executive Ocer AIR FRANCE / KLM (representing Air France) Mr Yuji Hirako President and Chief Executive Ocer ALL NIPPON AIRWAYS Mr Douglas Parker Chairman and Chief Executive Ocer AMERICAN AIRLINES Mr Anco van der Wer Chief Executive Ocer AVIANCA Mr Tang Kin Wing Augustus Chief Executive Ocer CATHAY PACIFIC AIRWAYS LIMITED Mr Liu Shaoyong Chairman CHINA EASTERN AIRLINES Mr Wang Changshun Chairman CHINA SOUTHERN AIRLINES Mr Pedro Heilbron Executive President and Chief Executive Ocer COPA AIRLINES Mr Mohamed Roshdy Zakaria Chairman and Chief Executive Ocer Egyptair Holding Co (representing EGYPTAIR) Mr Tewolde GebreMariam Group Chief Executive Ocer ETHIOPIAN AIRLINES Mr Donald F. Colleran President and Chief Executive Ocer FEDEX EXPRESS Mr Luis Gallego MartÍn Chief Executive Ocer IAG (representing IBERIA) Mr Ronojoy Dutta Chief Executive Ocer INDIGO AIRLINES Mr Pieter Elbers President & CEO KLM ROYAL DUTCH AIRLINES Mr Walter Cho Chairman and CEO KOREAN AIR Mr Roberto Alvo Chief Executive Ocer LATAM Airlines Group Mr Carsten Spohr Chairman and Chief Executive Ocer LUFTHANSA Mr Mohamad El-Hout Chairman and Director General MIDDLE EAST AIRLINES Mr Mehmet Tevk Nane Chief Executive Ocer PEGASUS AIRLINES Mr Alan Joyce Chief Executive Ocer QANTAS Mr Akbar Al Baker Chief Executive Oce QATAR AIRWAYS Ms Yvonne Manzi Makolo CEO RWANDAIR Mr Rickard Gustafson President and Chief Executive Ocer SAS Mr Ibrahim Al-Omar Director General SAUDI ARABIAN AIRLINES Mr Goh Choon Phong Chief Executive Ocer SINGAPORE AIRLINES Mr Ajay Singh Chairman and Managing Director SPICEJET Mr Oscar Munoz Chairman UNITED AIRLINES ----- Mr Alexandre de Juniac Director General IATA. -
Analyzing the Case of Kenya Airways by Anette Mogaka
GLOBALIZATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY: ANALYZING THE CASE OF KENYA AIRWAYS BY ANETTE MOGAKA UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY - AFRICA SPRING 2018 GLOBALIZATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY: ANALYZING THE CASE OF KENYA AIRWAYS BY ANETTE MOGAKA A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL STUDIES (SHSS) IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF ARTS DEGREE IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY - AFRICA SUMMER 2018 STUDENT DECLARATION I declare that this is my original work and has not been presented to any other college, university or other institution of higher learning other than United States International University Africa Signature: ……………………… Date: ………………………… Anette Mogaka (651006) This thesis has been submitted for examination with my approval as the appointed supervisor Signature: …………………. Date: ……………………… Maurice Mashiwa Signature: …………………. Date: ……………………… Prof. Angelina Kioko Dean, School of Humanities and Social Sciences Signature: …………………. Date: ……………………… Amb. Prof. Ruthie C. Rono, HSC Deputy Vice Chancellor Academic and Student Affairs. ii COPYRIGHT This thesis is protected by copyright. Reproduction, reprinting or photocopying in physical or electronic form are prohibited without permission from the author © Anette Mogaka, 2018 iii ABSTRACT The main objective of this study was to examine how globalization had affected the development of the airline industry by using Kenya Airways as a case study. The specific objectives included the following: To examine the positive impact of globalization on the development of Kenya Airways; To examine the negative impact of globalization on the development of Kenya Airways; To examine the effect of globalization on Kenya Airways market expansion strategies. -
A Chronological History
A Chronological History December 2016 Pedro Heilbron, CEO of Copa Airlines, elected as new Chairman of the Star Alliance Chief Executive Board November 2016 Star Alliance Gold Track launched in Frankfurt, Star Alliance’s busiest hub October 2016 Juneyao Airlines announced as future Connecting Partner of Star Allianceseal partnership August 2016 Star Alliance adds themed itineraries to its Round the World product portfolio July 2016 Star Alliance Los Angeles lounge wins Skytrax Award for second year running Star Alliance takes ‘Best Alliance’ title at Skytrax World Airline Awards June 2016 New self-service check-in processes launched in Tokyo-Narita Star Alliance announces Jeffrey Goh will take over as Star Alliance CEO from 2017, on the retirement of Mark Schwab Swiss hosts Star Alliance Chief Executive Board meeting in Zurich. The CEOs arrive on the first passenger flight of the Bombardier C Series. Page 1 of 1 Page 2 of 2 April 2016 Star Alliance: Global travel solutions for conventions and meetings at IMEX March 2016 Star Alliance invites lounge guests to share tips via #irecommend February 2016 Star Alliance airlines launch new check-in processes at Los Angeles’ Tom Bradley International Terminal (TBIT) Star Alliance Gold Card holders enjoy free upgrades on Heathrow Express trains Star Alliance supports Ramsar’s Youth Photo Contest – Alliance’s Biosphere Connections initiative now in its ninth year January 2016 Gold Track priority at security added as a Star Alliance Gold Status benefit December 2015 Star Alliance launches Connecting -
Prof. Paul Stephen Dempsey
AIRLINE ALLIANCES by Paul Stephen Dempsey Director, Institute of Air & Space Law McGill University Copyright © 2008 by Paul Stephen Dempsey Before Alliances, there was Pan American World Airways . and Trans World Airlines. Before the mega- Alliances, there was interlining, facilitated by IATA Like dogs marking territory, airlines around the world are sniffing each other's tail fins looking for partners." Daniel Riordan “The hardest thing in working on an alliance is to coordinate the activities of people who have different instincts and a different language, and maybe worship slightly different travel gods, to get them to work together in a culture that allows them to respect each other’s habits and convictions, and yet work productively together in an environment in which you can’t specify everything in advance.” Michael E. Levine “Beware a pact with the devil.” Martin Shugrue Airline Motivations For Alliances • the desire to achieve greater economies of scale, scope, and density; • the desire to reduce costs by consolidating redundant operations; • the need to improve revenue by reducing the level of competition wherever possible as markets are liberalized; and • the desire to skirt around the nationality rules which prohibit multinational ownership and cabotage. Intercarrier Agreements · Ticketing-and-Baggage Agreements · Joint-Fare Agreements · Reciprocal Airport Agreements · Blocked Space Relationships · Computer Reservations Systems Joint Ventures · Joint Sales Offices and Telephone Centers · E-Commerce Joint Ventures · Frequent Flyer Program Alliances · Pooling Traffic & Revenue · Code-Sharing Code Sharing The term "code" refers to the identifier used in flight schedule, generally the 2-character IATA carrier designator code and flight number. Thus, XX123, flight 123 operated by the airline XX, might also be sold by airline YY as YY456 and by ZZ as ZZ9876. -
Federalism and Autonomy Conflicts in the Somali Region 135
Federalism and ethnic conflict in Ethiopia. A comparative study of the Somali and Benishangul-Gumuz regions Adegehe, A.K. Citation Adegehe, A. K. (2009, June 11). Federalism and ethnic conflict in Ethiopia. A comparative study of the Somali and Benishangul-Gumuz regions. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/13839 Version: Not Applicable (or Unknown) Licence agreement concerning inclusion of doctoral thesis in the License: Institutional Repository of the University of Leiden Downloaded from: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/13839 Note: To cite this publication please use the final published version (if applicable). Federalism and Autonomy 6 Conflicts in the Somali Region 6.1 Introduction The preceding chapter gave a general background to the history and ethnic makeup of the study regions. In contrast, this chapter presents the impact of federal restructuring on intra and inter-clan relationships in the newly constituted Somali region. In fact, some of the theoretical propositions about the role of federalism in decentralising conflicts through ‘proliferation of points of power,’ outlined in chapter 2 appear to have been worked in the SNRS. In other words, federal restructuring by making resources such as political appointments, civil service jobs, regional/local budget and others available at local and regional levels impelled both intra and inter-clan contestations that often lead into violence. The division that emerged between the dominant Ogaden and the non-Ogadeni clans in the wake of ethnic regionalisation appeared to reduce possible threats from the Somali region to the political centre. However, inter-clan autonomy conflicts in the region are typically violent and localised.