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Lanea New Genus, Lineage Ofearly Devonian Conodonts

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Lanea New Genus, Lineage Ofearly Devonian Conodonts Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana Modena, Novembre 1999 Lanea new genus, lineage ofEarly Devonian conodonts Michael A. MuRPHY ]osé Ignacio V ALENZUELA-Rfos Departmenr of Geology Departamento de Geologia Universiry of California a t Davis Universi tar de València KEYWORDS- Conodonts, Lanea n.gen. , Phylogeny, Early Devonian. ABSTRACT- Lanea n. gen. is based on a sequence ofPa elements that occurs in the middle Lochkovian centra! Nevada and in the Spanish Pyrenees. In addition, parts of the sequence are known in Alaska, Czech Republic, Austria and Sardinia. The taxa in the lineage enable a subdivision ofmiddle Lochkovian strata that reinforces and refines that suggested by members ojthe genera Ancyrodelloides, Pedavis andFlajsella. The Lanea clade begins at the base ofthe middle Lochkovian with the transjormation ofeosteinhornensis group taxa to L. omoalpha n. sp. (= "Ancyrodelloides omus a." ofMurphy & Matti, 1983). This taxon is interpreted as the progenitor ofL. eoeleanorae n. sp. L. eoeleanorae gives rise to L. eleanorae (Lane & Ormiston, 1979), which in turn gives rise to L. telleri (Schulze, 1968) ( = '1\ncyrodelloides eleanorae "ofKlapper & Murphy, 1980), the latest member of the series. The clade disappears in the above-mentioned regions in the upper part of the trigonicus- pandora Zone towards the end ofthe middle Lochkovian. The transitions within the Pa elements of the lineage show many intermediate morphologies that overlap stratigraphically suggesting an incrementa! mode for the evolutionary changes. During the process the basai cavity, which is open at the onset becomes progressively more restricted. The basai platjorm lobes become terraced and the terraces get progressively larger until they occupy the entire upper surface o{the basai platjorm. In the later jorms, the basai cavity is constricted, the anterior and posterior blades develop benches that extend from the platjorm terrace, and the platjorm terrace develops a rim in the latest described form. RIASSUNTO- [Lanea n. gen., una linea evolutiva di conodonti del Devoniano inf.] -Il nuovo genere Lanea viene proposto sulla base delle sequenze di elementi Pa ritrovati nel Lochkoviano medio del Nevada centrale e dei Pirenei spagnoli. Parte di questa sequenza è nota anche in Alaska, Repubblica Ceca, Austria e Sardegna. I taxa di questa linea evolutiva consentono di perfezionare la suddivisione Ciel Lochkoviano medio basata sui generi Ancyrodelloides, Pedavis e Flajsella. Il clado Lanea inizia alla base del Lochkoviano medio con la trasformazione di taxa del gruppo eosteinhornensis in L. omoalpha n. sp. ( ='1\ncyrodelloides omus a." Murphy & Matti, 1983). Questo taxon viene considerato il progenitore di L. eoeleanorae n. sp. , da cui discende L. eleanorae (Lane & Ormiston, 1979); quest'ultimo ha dato origine all'ultimo elemnto della sequenza: L. telleri (Schulze, 1968) ( = '1\ncyrodelloides eleanorae " Klapper & Murphy, 1980). Il clado si estingue verso la fine del Lochkoviano medio, nella parte alta della Biozona a trigonicus- pandora La transizione tra i diversi elementi Pa della linea evolutiva mostra varie morfologie intermedie, che si accavallano stratigraficamente, suggerendo una modalità progressiva per le variazioni evolutive. Nel corso del processo, la cavità basale, inizialmente ampia, si riduce progressivamente; la piattaforma diventa terrazzata e queste terrazze si ingrandiscono progressivamente fino a occuparne tutta la parte superiore. Nelle forme tarde la cavità basale è molto piccola, i processi anteriore e posteriore sviluppano delle "panchine '; che si estendono dalle terrazze della piattaforma e, nelle forme più recenti, queste ultime sviluppano un borao rinforzato. INTRODUCTION the taxon, Ozarkodina n. sp. D [=Ozarkodina delta Klapper & Murphy, 1980; =Kimognathus delta (Klapper This study was initiated to elucidate the early & Murphy) herein], as the zona! name bearer for the phylogeny of Ancyrodelloides, which was represented middle or delta Zone. Valenzuela-Rios & Murphy by Murphy & Matti (1983, fig. 4) as consisting of two (1997, p. 133) suggested that the middle Lochkovian branches, a trigonicus branch and a delta branch, both delta Zone be replaced by a three-fold subdivision of arising out of Ancyrodelloides omus a. Herein, we (l) the interval, the omus a-eleanorae, eleanorae-trigonicus, restrict the genus Ancyrodelloides to the forms that are and trigonicus-pandora Zones. We follow their closely related to A. trigonicus (Tab. l); (2) erect a new classification in this paper (Text-fig. 1), but formalize genus, Lanea, to accommodate the lineage originating the name, omoalpha, for the base of the lowest zone by in Lanea omoalpha n. sp. an d including Lanea eleanorae describing the indicator taxon, L. omoalpha (=omus a (Lane & Ormiston, 1979); (3) erect three new specific- morph Murphy & Matti, 1983). rank taxa, "Ozarkodina"planilingua n. sp., L. omoalpha It should be noted that the lower Lochkovian, the n. sp.(= omus a of Murphy & Matti, 1983), L. interval between the Silurian-Devonian boundary and eoeleanorae n. sp., to accompany Lanea eleanorae and the appearance of L. omoalpha n. sp. is inadequately L. telleri (Schulze, 1968) (=eleanorae of Klapper & zoned. The two taxa used in the Cordilleran region Murphy, 1980) in the new genus Lanea. zonation lack known ancestors or descendents. In Zona! subdivision of the Lochkovian was based on addition, there is an interval between the top of the the scheme introduced by Klapper ( 1977) for the range of "Ozarkodina" eurekaensis and the base of L. Devonian of the Cordilleran region. In i t he employed omoalpha that has not been zoned. 322 M.A. MURPHY, ].I VALENZUELA-RfOS PRIDOLIAN LOCHKOVIAN PRAGIAN A. murphyi Vaienzuela-Rios, 1994 have been added h e o tra el tri b i s k to this list. The taxa with an asterisk above are assigned to other taxa in this paper. hesperiuseurekaensis eF.F. '.L omoalpha t- The middle Lochkovian strata of centrai Nevada, transitans Oklahoma, Texas, New York, Alaska, the Centrai IN DEX eleanorae 1rigonicus Spanish Pyrenees, centrai Spain (Sierra de SPECIES pandora beta Guadarrama), the Cataionian coastai ranges, Germany gilberti irregularis- (Frankenwaid), Carnic Alps and Karawanken Alps of l praejohnsoni Austr_ia; Bohemia, Czech Republic, Serbia, ltaly delta 1- kindlei (Sardrma) and to some extent, south Australia are 11 11 - 0zarkodina - characterized by the presence of the conodont genus planilingua Ancyrodelloides (Klapper, 1973,1991), which we omoalpha -- interpret as a short-lived offshoot of the spatho- eoele'anorae LANE A gnathodontid eosteinhornensis group of species. The [ l - presence of any member ofAncyrodelloides, wherever i t ltelleri • '- PRIDOLIAN lower middle upper PRAGIAN is found, serves to identifY the middle Lochkovian or basai upper Lochkovian. The middle Lochkovian faunas have become the best known of the Lochkovian Text-fìg. l - Range chart and zonation of the Lochkovian showing the position of the ranges of the species of Lanea new conodont faunas, because of this wide distribution and, genus with respect to taxa used as zona! indices. The consequently, a number of papers have deait with at ranges of the two taxa used as zona! indices for the least a part of the middle Lochkovian fauna (Bischoff delta Zone of the Cordilleran regio n ofNorth America, & Sannemann, 1958; Flajs, 1967; Schulze, 1968; Kimognathus delta and Amydrotaxis praejohnsoni, are also shown far comparison with our zona! scheme. Polsler, 1969; Seddon 1970; Klapper, 1969; Bultynck, Neither of the latter has a known ancestor. 1971; Spassov, 1971; Carls, 1969, 1987; Serpagli et al., 1978; Lane & Ormiston, 1979; Klapper & Johnson, 1980; Klapper & Murphy, 1980; Schonlaub, THE GENUS ANCYRODELLOIDES BISCHOFF & 1980, 1985; Murphy & Matti, 1983; Mastandrea, SANNEMANN, 1958 1985;_ Mawson, 1986; Wang & Zhang, 1988; Sorentmo, 1989; Wilson, 1989; Olivieri & Serpagli, The dose morphological and stratigraphical 1990; Garda-L6pez, et al., 1990; Uyeno, 1990; relationships of Lanea to the genusAncyrodelloides have Vaienzuela-Rios, 1990, 1994; Bardashev & Ziegler, slowed recognition of their separate histories. 1992; Corradini et al., 1998; Ferretti et al., 1998). Ancyrodelloides was originaily set up o n the basis of two Severailineage studies have also been made within the taxa from the Frankenwaid, Germany, A. trigonicus, intervai (Murphy & Cebecioglu, 1986, 1987; Murphy the type species, and A. kutscheri (Bischoff & &._ Springer, 1989). Murphy & Cebecioglu (1987) dealt Sannemann, 1958, p. 91). The two taxa, A. transitans wrth the genus Ancyrodelloides, but di d no t attempt to and A. asymmetricus, described at the same time subdivide the group of morphologies that had (Bischoff & Sannemann, 1958) and regarded by the previously been placed in eleanorae (Lane & Ormiston, originai and subsequent authors (Schulze, 1968; Carls, 1979; Klapper & Murphy, 1980; Murphy & Matti, 1969; Lane & Ormiston, 1979) as closely related toA. 1983). trigonicus, were classified (pre-multielement taxonomy) with the inclusive genus Spathognathodus. With the advent of multielement taxonomy, the taxa in Spathognathodus were transferred to Ozarkodina by default. Murphy & Matti (1983, p. 13) subsequently reclassified these taxa and rediagnosed the genus Ancyrodelloides trigonicus Bischoff & Sannemann, 1958 Ancyrodelloides to include A. transitans, A. asymmetricus, A. transitans (Bischoff & Sannemann, 1958) A. kutscheri Bischoff & Sannemann, 1958 & & A. eleanorae (Lane Ormiston)*, A. delta (Klapper A. asymmetricus
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