Characterization of the USDA Tart Cherry (Prunus Cerasus) Collection in Geneva, NY Kyra Battaglia, Molly Carroll, Heidi Schwaninger, and Ben Gutierrez

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Characterization of the USDA Tart Cherry (Prunus Cerasus) Collection in Geneva, NY Kyra Battaglia, Molly Carroll, Heidi Schwaninger, and Ben Gutierrez Characterization of the USDA Tart Cherry (Prunus cerasus) Collection in Geneva, NY Kyra Battaglia, Molly Carroll, Heidi Schwaninger, and Ben Gutierrez USDA-ARS, Plant Genetics Resource Unit, Cornell AgriTech, Geneva,NY, 14456 Introduction Results The sweet cherry (Prunus avium) and that tart cherry (Prunus ● All anthocyanins, acids, and flavanols are correlated except for neochlorogenic acid cerasus) are the two main species grown commercially, with ● Boxplots show the distribution of the samples for variables tested, with the value for ‘Montmorency’ dominating the tart cherry production in the US1. ‘Montmorency’ highlighted in red Different characteristics are considered when determining the marketability of a cherry including fruit weight, flesh to pit ratio, acidity, TSS, aromatic compounds, and anthocyanin content.3,4 These characteristics also contribute to reported health benefits through the consumption of cherries, including a decrease in inflammation and a decrease in oxidative stress.2 With 200 cultivars worldwide1, understanding the diversity of each is important for both research and breeding purposes. This experiment analyzed the 130 tart cherry accessions across 7 Figure 5: PCA different species within the USDA’s collection, using data from Biplot. The first 2011, 2013, 2014, and 2019 in order to accurately assess the two components diversity. account for 54.9% of the variation. Figure 1: Gradient of select cherries from the USDA’s collection. From left to right, top to bottom: Montmorency, Mesabi, Ferracida, Emperor Francis, Spantsche Glaskirsche, Espera, Hudson, Englaise Timpurii, Ljubskaja x P. maximovici. Materials and Methods Sample Collection ●Determined which trees were not previously tested ●Collected 50 pieces of ripe fruit from trees that were only sampled once before, or that had not yet been tested Figure 6: Boxplots of all fruit quality characteristics. The value for ‘Montmorency’ is highlighted in red. Figure 2: P. avium sample after collection, before being weighed Discussion ●Weighed, de-pit fruit, weighed ● Multiple variables influence the similarities between cherries, as seen by the low percentage Test Preparation again, measured Brix of five in PCA1 on the PCA biplot fruits ● Although it is a positive that ‘Montmorency’ is an abundant producer, this variety has several ●HPLC: Took five cherries from negative qualities sample, prepared according ● There are other cherry varieties that can be produced commercially and/or used to cultivate to lab protocol. a new variety with ideal fruit quality ●GC-MS: Juiced remainder of cherries, prepared samples Conclusions according to lab protocol. Figure 3: Juiced Samples before ●pH: used 15 ML of juice, ● The collection of this data affords the opportunity to create an updated reference to the preparation for GC-MS and Auto prepared, ran autotitrator germplasm which will be made publicly available through the Germplasm Resources Titration. Information Network (GRIN-Global) ● This information can be used for future research and by breeders for developing new ●Analyzed HPLC data cultivars with optimal characteristics Analysis using Multi Chromatograph. The References major anthocyanins found 1Blando, F., & Oomah, B. D. (2019). Sweet and sour cherries: Origin, distribution, nutritional composition and health benefits. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 86, 517–529. 2Kelley, D. S., Adkins, Y., & Laugero, K. D. (2018). A Review of the Health Benefits of Cherries. Nutrients, 10(3), 368. in cherries were identified 3Siddiq, M., Iezzoni, A., Khan, A., Breen, P., Sebolt, A. M., Dolan, K. D., & Ravi, R. (2011). Characterization of New Tart Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.): Selections Based on Fruit Quality, Total Anthocyanins, and Antioxidant Capacity. International Journal of Food Properties, 14(2), 471–480. and quantified by peak 4Yue, C., Gallardo, R. K., Luby, J. J., Rihn, A. L., McFerson, J. R., McCracken, V., … Iezzoni, A. (2014). An Evaluation of U.S. Tart and Sweet Cherry Producers Trait Prioritization: area (mAU) Evidence from Audience Surveys. HortScience, 49(7), 931–937. ●Analyzed GC-MS data Acknowledgments Figure 4: P. cerasus (Plant ID: ●Combined with data from Kentish) HPLC Chromatograph. Kyra Battaglia was supported through the USDA-ARS Plant Genetic Resources Unit and the USDA-ARS Northeast Area 2011, 2013, and 2014 Summer Research Internship. We are grateful to the Cornell Geneva Summer Scholars Program for their additional support..
Recommended publications
  • CHERRY Training Systems
    PNW 667 CHERRY training systems L. Long, G. Lang, S. Musacchi, M. Whiting A Pacific Northwest Extension Publication OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY n WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY n UNIVERSITY OF IDAHO in cooperation with MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY CHERRY training systems Contents Understanding the Natural Tree....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Training System Options.......................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Rootstock Options.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Pruning and Training Techniques.....................................................................................................................................................5 Kym Green Bush............................................................................................................................................................................................ 10 Spanish Bush.....................................................................................................................................................................................................18 Steep Leader......................................................................................................................................................................................................25
    [Show full text]
  • A Study of the Pollination of the Sour Cherry, Prunus Cerasus Linnaeus
    THE S IS on A STUDY OF THE POLLINATION OF THE SOUR CHERRY PRTJNIJS ERASUS L INNAEUS Submitted to the OREGON AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE In Partial Fulfillment of the Require!rßnte For the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE by Loue Arrowood 1etchor May 5, 126. PRQYO: Redacted for privacy £eoc1at ProfEor of In ohare of Major Redacted for privacy 4-.----- - - - - 'j Road of Dopartnent of Redacted for privacy of Redacted for privacy atzn of comi.ttee on Graivate Study. III QNQLEDGE lIE NT The writer wishes to express hie appreciation to Dr. E. M. Harvey of the Research Division, for hie untiring help and many suggestion. which aided greatly in carrying out the following prob- leì; and to Prcfesaor C. E. Schuster, for his critciems and timely suggestions on the field work; and to Mr. R. V. Rogers of Eugene, for use of his trees; and to Professor J. S. Brown, who made this problem poasble. Iv - INDEX- Page. Title Page I Approval Sheet II Acknowledgment III Index IV List of Table. V List of Plates VI Introduction i Review of Literature 3 Methods and Materials 10 Germination Tests 12 Preliminary Survey of Work 14 Sterility Tests 15 Cross Pollination Studies 20 Dicusiion 28 Si.ary 29 Histological Studies 31 Methode and Materials A - Bud Development Studies 31 B - Pieti]. Studies 33 Methods and Materials 33 Diecuseion of Results A - Bud Development Studies 35 B - Pistil Studies 37 Swary 38 Explanation of Plates 39 Platos 42 BiblIography 47 V -LIST OF TABLES- Table No. Pag. I Germination Teats 13 II Sterility Test.
    [Show full text]
  • X-Disease in Peaches 44
    X-disease pathogen Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni. Hosts Sweet and tart cherry, peach and nectarine. Alternate hosts include clovers, dandelion, chokecherry, almond and several wild plum and cherry species. Time of concern Management is focused on removing infected hosts before leafhopper spread can occur. Symptoms and damage William Shane, MSU Extension Peach and nectarine leaves develop red, necrotic Sweet cherry leaf with enlarged leaf-like stipules at the base of the areas that drop out, leaving a shot-hole effect and petiole due to X-disease. tattered leaves. Defoliation at the base of a shoot gives a poodle tail or pompom appearance. Fruit on infected branches is smaller, lacks flavor often with a bitter taste and may drop before ripening. Usually by the third year after infection, most branches will show symptoms. Young trees die within one to two years after the first symptoms appear. Older trees gradually decline in vigor. Sweet and tart cherries infected with X-disease phy- toplasma show stunted growth, enlarged stipules and immature, small, poorly colored fruit. Infected cherry trees on mahaleb rootstock decline quickly, whereas those on mazzard rootstock may persist for many years. Pest cycle Chokecherry is an important natural reservoir of peach X-disease phytoplasma in eastern USA. Infected sweet and sour cherries, especially on maz- zard rootstock, can be sources of X-disease, although chokecherry is often the principal reservoir. Other reservoirs of X-disease include weeds such as clover and dandelion. Peaches and nectarines, although severely affected William Shane, MSU Extension by the pathogen, are poor hosts for further disease Peach leaf with wine-red splotches typical of X-disease symptoms.
    [Show full text]
  • Transmission and Latency of Cherry Necrotic Ring Spot Virus in Prunus Tomentosa Glen Walter Peterson Iowa State College
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1958 Transmission and latency of cherry necrotic ring spot virus in Prunus tomentosa Glen Walter Peterson Iowa State College Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Peterson, Glen Walter, "Transmission and latency of cherry necrotic ring spot virus in Prunus tomentosa " (1958). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 1639. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/1639 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TRANSMISSION AND LATENCY OF CHERRY NECROTIC RING SPOT VIRUS IN PRUNUS TOMENTOSA Glenn Walter Peterson A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major Subject: Plant Pathology Approved: Signature was redacted for privacy. In Charge of Major Work Signature was redacted for privacy. Head of Major Department Signature was redacted for privacy. Iowa State College 1958 il TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 REVIEW OF LITERATURE 3 MATERIALS AND METHODS 19 Virus Sources .. 19 Trees 19 Handling of Trees 21 Inoculations 22 EXPERIMENTS 24 Latency 24 Symptom expression of necrotic ring spot virus infected P. tomentosa seedlings one year after inoculation 25 Symptom expression of necrotic ring spot virus infected P. tomentosa seedlings after defoliation 32 Transmission 34 Contact periods required for the transmission of necrotic ring spot virus 35 P.
    [Show full text]
  • Flowering and Fruiting of "Burlat" Sweet Cherry on Size-Controlling Rootstock
    HORTSCIENCE 29(6):611–612. 1994. chart uses eight color chips to assess fruit color: 1 = light red to 8 = very dark, mahogany red. At the end of the growing season, all Flowering and Fruiting of ‘Burlat’ current-season’s shoot growth, >2.5 cm, was measured on each branch unit. Sweet Cherry on Size-controlling We analyzed the data as a factorial, ar- ranged in a completely randomized design, Rootstock with rootstock and age of branch portions as main effects. The least significant difference Frank Kappel was used for mean separation of main effects. Agriculture Canada, Research Station, Summerland, B.C. VOH IZO, Canada Results Jean Lichou The sample branches had similar BCSA, Ctifl, Centre de Balandran, BP 32, 30127 Bellegarde, France with the mean ranging from 3 to 3.7 cm2 for the Additional index words. Prunus avium, Prunus cerasus, Prunus mahaleb, fruit size, fruit branch units of the trees on the three root- stock. The mean for the branch units’ total numbers, dwarfing, Edabriz, Maxma 14, F12/1 shoot length ranged from 339 to 392 cm. Abstract. The effect of rootstock on the flowering and fruiting response of sweet cherries ‘Burlat’ branches on Edabriz had more (Prunus avium L.) was investigated using 4-year-old branch units. The cherry rootstock flowers than ‘Burlat’ branches on F1 2/1 or Edabriz (Prunus cerasus L.) affected the flowering and fruiting response of ‘Burlat’ sweet Maxma 14 when expressed as either total cherry compared to Maxma 14 and F12/1. Branches of trees on Edabriz had more flowers, number of flowers or number standardized by more flowers per spur, more spurs, more fruit, higher yields, smaller fruit, and a reduced shoot length (Table 1).
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Inferences in Prunus (Rosaceae) Using Chloroplast Ndhf and Nuclear Ribosomal ITS Sequences 1Jun WEN* 2Scott T
    Journal of Systematics and Evolution 46 (3): 322–332 (2008) doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1002.2008.08050 (formerly Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica) http://www.plantsystematics.com Phylogenetic inferences in Prunus (Rosaceae) using chloroplast ndhF and nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences 1Jun WEN* 2Scott T. BERGGREN 3Chung-Hee LEE 4Stefanie ICKERT-BOND 5Ting-Shuang YI 6Ki-Oug YOO 7Lei XIE 8Joey SHAW 9Dan POTTER 1(Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 166, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA) 2(Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA) 3(Korean National Arboretum, 51-7 Jikdongni Soheur-eup Pocheon-si Gyeonggi-do, 487-821, Korea) 4(UA Museum of the North and Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775-6960, USA) 5(Key Laboratory of Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China) 6(Division of Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea) 7(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China) 8(Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, TN 37403-2598, USA) 9(Department of Plant Sciences, MS 2, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA) Abstract Sequences of the chloroplast ndhF gene and the nuclear ribosomal ITS regions are employed to recon- struct the phylogeny of Prunus (Rosaceae), and evaluate the classification schemes of this genus. The two data sets are congruent in that the genera Prunus s.l. and Maddenia form a monophyletic group, with Maddenia nested within Prunus.
    [Show full text]
  • Prunus X Yedoensis Yoshino Cherry1 Edward F
    Fact Sheet ST-523 October 1994 Prunus x yedoensis Yoshino Cherry1 Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson2 INTRODUCTION Yoshino Cherry grows quickly to 20 feet, has beautiful bark marked with prominent lenticels but is a relatively short-lived tree (Fig. 1). It has upright to horizontal branching, making it ideal for planting along walks and over patios. The white to pink flowers which occur in early spring before the leaves develop are sometimes damaged by late frosts or very windy conditions. This is the tree along with ‘Kwanzan’ Cherry in Washington, DC, which makes such a show each spring. Figure 1. Mature Yoshino Cherry. GENERAL INFORMATION DESCRIPTION Scientific name: Prunus x yedoensis Pronunciation: PROO-nus x yed-oh-EN-sis Height: 35 to 45 feet Common name(s): Yoshino Cherry Spread: 30 to 40 feet Family: Rosaceae Crown uniformity: symmetrical canopy with a USDA hardiness zones: 5B through 8A (Fig. 2) regular (or smooth) outline, and individuals have more Origin: not native to North America or less identical crown forms Uses: Bonsai; wide tree lawns (>6 feet wide); Crown shape: round; vase shape medium-sized tree lawns (4-6 feet wide); Crown density: moderate recommended for buffer strips around parking lots or Growth rate: medium for median strip plantings in the highway; near a deck Texture: medium or patio; shade tree; narrow tree lawns (3-4 feet wide); specimen; sidewalk cutout (tree pit); no proven urban Foliage tolerance Availability: generally available in many areas within Leaf arrangement: alternate (Fig. 3) its hardiness range Leaf type: simple Leaf margin: double serrate; serrate Leaf shape: elliptic (oval); oblong; ovate Leaf venation: banchidodrome; pinnate Leaf type and persistence: deciduous Leaf blade length: 2 to 4 inches 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Anomalous Dark Growth Rings in Black Cherry
    FIELD NOTE Anomalous Dark Growth Rings in Black Cherry Robert P. Long, David W. Trimpey, Michael C. Wiemann, and Susan L. Stout Anomalous dark growth rings have been observed in black cherry (Prunus serotina) sawlogs from northwestern Pennsylvania making the logs unsuitable for veneer products. Thirty-six cross sections with dark rings, each traceable to one of ten stands, were obtained from a local mill and sections were dated and annual ring widths were measured. One or more dark rings were found in 30 of the 36 cross sections. The most frequent years in which dark rings formed were 1994, on 55% of cross sections, and 1995, on 72% of cross sections. Both years were coincident with widespread cherry scallop shell moth (Hydria prunivorata) outbreaks. GIS layers and maps obtained from the Allegheny National Forest were used to document cherry scallop shell moth defoliations in these stands. These rings show a darkened discoloration through all or portions of the annual ring without characteristics typical of gum spots or gum defects caused ABSTRACT by traumatic injury from bark beetles or cambium miners. Microscopic examination of the rings revealed darkened fiber cell walls, but no other cellular abnormalities. Dark rings are more common in stands with a high proportion of the total basal area composed of black cherry. These stands also are more susceptible to repeated defoliations from cherry scallop shell moth. lack cherry (Prunus serotina) is one of the most valuable east- Methods ern hardwood timber species, and some of the highest quality Thirty-six cross sections or partial cross sections from nine dif- Bcherry originates in northwestern Pennsylvania (Wieden- ferent stands were obtained from a private industrial landowner in beck et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Nanking Cherry
    Nanking Cherry slide 7a slide 7b 360% 360% slide 7d slide 7c 360% 360% III-11 Nanking Cherry Environmental Requirements (Prunus tomentosa) Soils Soil Texture - Prefers loamy soils. Soil pH - 5.0 to 7.5. General Description Windbreak Suitability Group - 1, 3, 4, 4C, 5. A winter hardy, moderately fast-growing, short-lived shrub native to China, Japan, and the Himalayas. A broad Cold Hardiness spreading, densely twiggy shrub, becoming more open USDA Zone 2. and picturesque with age. Also called Manchu cherry. Water Edible fruits are dark red and excellent for pies and jellies. Tolerates considerable wind and dryness. Leaves and Buds Light Bud Arrangement - Alternate. Full sun only. Bud Color - Brown. Bud Size -1/8 inch. Uses Leaf Type and Shape - Simple, elliptical. Leaf Margins - Unequally serrate. Conservation/Windbreaks Medium shrub for farmstead windbreaks. Leaf Surface - Rough-veined, pubescent. Leaf Length - 2 to 3 inches. Wildlife Leaf Width - 1 to 1½ inches. Fruit is relished by many songbirds. Nesting cover for a Leaf Color - Medium to dark green above; white hairs few species of songbirds. Browsed by rabbits, mice, and below; yellow fall color. deer, which could cause serious injury if control measures are not taken. Flowers and Fruits Agroforestry Products Flower Type - Small but numerous. Food - Fruits processed into wine, syrup, jellies and pies. Flower Color - Pink in bud, becoming near white. Medicinal - Some Prunus species have been used as an Fruit Type - Cherry-shaped drupe. astringent, for coughs, bronchial problems; an antibiotic, Fruit Color - Dark red. in cancer research, and for gout. Form Urban/Recreational Growth Habit - Upright, semi-spreading, and densely Used for screen, hedge, border and specimen plantings.
    [Show full text]
  • Tart Cherry Juice Concentrate
    Tart Cherry Juice Concentrate Ingredients: Red tart cherries are warmed and pressed to remove the cherry juice. Cherry juice is concentrated to 68° Brix by removing water. No additives, preservatives or coloring agents are added. Product is 100% concentrated tart cherry juice. Applications: Cherry juice concentrate can be reconstituted to a single-strength juice or used for flavoring and coloring products. Many consumers purchase this product because they are discovering that drinking the concentrate (diluted in water) is relieving he pain of arthritis and gout. Packaging Unit: Industrial Use 52-gallon drum or 5-gallon pail. Storage Condition: Product must be frozen or refrigerated to maintain quality for 24 months. Canned product does not have to be refrigerated. Product Specifications: Arsenic (mg/kg) None pH 3.2 – 3.8 Moisture Content 27% Preservatives None Wt. 11.13 pounds/gal Essence Returned Color Natural and Metal as PB Less than 10 Normal Yeast Less than Sugar None Added 100/gram Sugar as invest Less than 1% Sediment None Total plate count Less than Coliform Negative 100/gram Foreign material None Ash % Less than 3 % Chemicals added None Brix 68° Manufacturing Process: Cherry Concentrate is made from whole fresh or frozen cherries. Cherries are warmed and the juice is extracted. The natural juice of red cherries is from 11 to 16 degree Brix. The juice is concentrated by removing water until the concentrate reaches 68 degree Brix. The concentrate is returned to a natural juice Brix level by adding water. Nutritional Analysis g/(per 100 gram): Calories 246 Calories from Fat 1 Total Carbohydrates 58.3% Sugars 54.4% Dietary Fiber .32 Protein 3.12% Total Fat 0.1 Saturated Fat NA Potassium 745 Vitamin A ND Vitamin C <0.5mg Calcium 64mg Iron 1.98 Phosphorus 81mg Sodium 115.mg .
    [Show full text]
  • The Cherry Hut 2021 Takeout Menu
    A Northern Michigan Tradition Since 1922 Featuring local products from: BIG STONE BAY FISHERY SMELTZER ORCHARD CO. HONOR FAMILY MARKET 2021 TAKEOUT MENU HILL TOP SODA SHOPPE THE MARKET BASKET 231-882-4431 SHORELINE FRUIT CHERRY HUT PRODUCTS SANDWICHES FOR THE YOUNG OR ENTREES YOUNG AT HEART White, Whole Wheat or Rye Hot Dog* $4.25 Hot Turkey Sandwich, The “Original” Sliced Turkey $7.50 Mashed Potatoes & Gravy $10.95 Cherry Jelly & Peanut Butter* $4.25 Turkey Cranberry Havarti Served on grilled Sourdough $8.50 Hot Turkey Pie $7.75 Chicken Nuggets 6 pcs.* $4.25 Corned Beef w/Swiss on Rye $7.95 Ocean Fish Plate, 1 pc. Cod Grilled Cheese* $4.25 Turkey Salad $6.95 | Egg Salad $6.75 Potato, Vegetable, Homemade Roll $10.95 Philly Grilled Onions & Green Peppers, Swiss Cheese $8.50 CHILDREN’S MEAL $7.25 Turkey Plate, Small Portions CJ’s 10 & Under Please Club Turkey, Bacon, Lettuce, Tomato, Cheese $8.50 Dressing, Potato, Vegetable, Homemade Roll $10.95 * Includes the above with an applesauce Chicken Strip Plate, 4 pcs. Bacon, Lettuce & Tomato $6.95 pouch and a beverage served in a Potato, Vegetable, Homemade Roll $10.95 Reuben $8.50 | Fishwich on Bun $6.75 souvenir cup. Chicken Strips 4 pcs. $6.25 6 pcs. $7.95 Pesto Grilled Cheese Havarti, Cheddar & Muenster on Sourdough $7.95 DESSERTS Veggie Tomato, Grilled Onions & Mushrooms, Guacamole, Havarti & Cheddar Cheese Cherry Hut Cherry Pie $4.25 Served on grilled Homemade Wheat $7.95 CHERRY HUT CLASSICS Cherry Pie A La Mode $5.50 Cherry Chicken Salad Croissant $8.50 FRESH ROASTED TURKEY Yum! Cherry
    [Show full text]
  • FSC Public Search
    CERTIFICATE Information from 2018/08/28 - 14:26 UTC Certificate Code CU-COC-816023 License Code FSC-C102167 MAIN ADDRESS Name Timber Link International Ltd. Address The Timber Office,Hazelwood Cottage,Maidstone Road,Hadlow Tonbridge TN11 0JH Kent UNITED KINGDOM Website http://www.timberlinkinternational.com CERTIFICATE DATA Status Valid First Issue Date 2010-10-16 Last Issue Date 2017-01-12 Expiry Date 2022-01-11 Standard FSC-STD-40-004 V3-0 GROUP MEMBER/SITES No group member/sites found. PRODUCTS Product Trade Species Primary Secondary Main Type Name Activity Activity Output Category W5 Solid Acer spp.; Alnus rubra var. pinnatisecta Starker; Alnus brokers/traders FSC wood serrulata; Apuleia leiocarpa; Betula spp.; Castanea sativa without physical Mix;FSC (sawn, P.Mill.; Cedrela odorata; Cedrus libani A. Rich.; Chlorocardium posession 100% chipped, rodiei (R.Schomb.) R.R.W.; Cylicodiscus gabunensis (Taub.) peeled) Harms; Dicorynia guianensis Amsh., D. paraensis Benth.; W5.2 Solid Dipterocarpus spp; Dipteryx odorata; Dryobalanops spp.; wood Dyera costulata (Miq.) Hook.f.; Entandrophragma cylindricum; boards Entandrophragma spp.; Entandrophragma utile; Eucalyptus spp; Fagus sylvatica L.; Fraxinus excelsior; Fraxinus americana; Gonystylus bancanus; Guibourtia spp.; Hymenaea courbaril; Intsia bijuga; Juglans nigra L.; Juglans regia L.; Khaya spp.; Larix sibirica; Liriodendron tulipifera L.; Lophira alata; Manilkara bidentata (A.DC.) A.Chev.; Microberlinia spp.; Milicia excelsa; Millettia laurentii; Nauclea diderrichii; Parashorea spp. (Urat mata, white seraya, gerutu); Peltogyne spp.*; Pinus rigida; Platanus occidentalis L; Prunus avium; Prunus serotina Ehrh.; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Pterocarpus soyauxii; Quercus alba; Quercus petraea; Quercus robur; Robinia pseudoacacia L.; Shorea balangeran; Shorea laevis Ridl.; Shorea spp.; Swietenia macrophylla; Tabebuia spp.; Tectona grandis; Terminalia ivorensis A.
    [Show full text]